NGMN 5G演進測試項目第二階段測試框架定義 Definition of the Testing Framework for the NGMN 5G Trial and Testing Initiative Phase 2

NGMNAlliancee.V.

Gro?erHasenpfad30?60598Frankfurt?Germany

Phone+4969/9074998-0?Emailoffice@

DEFINITIONOFTHETESTINGFRAMEWORKFORNGMN5GTRIALANDTESTINGINITIATIVEPHASE2

byNGMNAlliance

Version:1.8

Date:

16.12.2022

DocumentType:

FinalDeliverable(approved)

ConfidentialityClass:

P-Public

AuthorisedRecipients:

(forCRdocumentsonly)

Project:

5GTrialandTestingInitiativePhase2

Editor/Submitter:

YueHao(CMCC)

Contributors:

ChenLiang(CMCC),WeiDeng(CMCC),CemilKarakus(Turkcell),RexyGeevarghese(BellCanada),FranDominguez(Vodafone),LydiaAlcalde(Vodafone),MiguelAngelMartinez(Vodafone),Che-WeiYeh(ChunghwaTelecom),HongbiaoZhang(CMCC),TingKe(CMCC),YuxuanXie(CMCC),XiaoxinHu(ZTE),YiDing(ZTE),YongZhan(ZTE),ShaolongLiu(ZTE),RuiGong(Huawei),XinqianXie(Huawei),HaijinLi(Huawei),JunChen(Huawei),XuZhang(Huawei),XueLiu(Huawei),YeYang(Huawei),HuajiangLiu(Huawei),YiShi(Huawei),TieShen(Nokia),ZhuyanZhao(Nokia),WulongWang(Nokia),GaryLi(Intel),LiangLiu(CMCC),LijieHu(CMCC),XiaoyaTang(CMCC),NingyuChen(CMCC),ChunhuiLiu(CMCC),WeiwenWeng(CMCC),YaLiu(CMCC),YanLi(CMCC),GuiyingWang(CMCC),XinyiWang(CMCC)

Approvedby/Date:

NGMNBoard,14thDecember2022

DefinitionoftheTestingFrameworkfortheNGMN5GTrialandTestingInitiativePhase2

Version1.8,16–December–2022

?2022NextGenerationMobileNetworksAlliancee.V.Allrightsreserved.NopartofthisdocumentmaybereproducedortransmittedinanyformorbyanymeanswithoutpriorwrittenpermissionfromNGMNAlliancee.V.

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DefinitionoftheTestingFrameworkfortheNGMN5GTrialandTestingInitiativePhase2

Version1.8,16–December–2022

Abstract

NGMNstartedits5GTrial&TestingInitiative(TTI)Phase2in2021tocontinuetheglobalcollaborationontestactivitiestowardsthecommercialisationof3GPPReleases16/17/18.ThisWhitePaperfocusesonthedefinitionofthetestingframeworkforRelease16,includingthetestconfigurations,theworkingscope,thetrialsetuprequirements,andthetestingmethodologies.Thescopeoftestingcoversfourtechnologycategories:SmartandEffectiveSystem,EnhancementofExistingCapabilities,MaximisingSpectrumValue,andNewApplicationEnabler.Eachcategoryconsistsofseveraltechnologydirections,whicharebrokendowntothetechnologyfeatureshighlightedfromtheglobaloperators’perspective.ThecorrespondingtestresultswillbepublishedinfutureNGMNdeliverables.

Contents

1Introduction 1

2Scope 2

3TrialSetupRequirements 3

3.1IndoorHotSpot 3

3.2DenseUrban 4

3.3UrbanMacro 5

3.4Rural 6

4SmartandEffectiveSystem 7

4.1ArtificialIntelligence(AI) 7

4.1.1Radio-Fingerprint-BasedSmartHandover 7

4.1.2QoEOptimisation 11

4.1.3ML-BasedAMC 14

4.1.4NetworkOrchestrationfortheSpectrumSharing 18

4.1.5SmartSliceResourceReservation 20

4.1.6DifferentiatedServicewiththeApplicationAwareness 23

4.2BaseStationEnergySaving 25

4.2.1Sub-FrameSilence 25

4.2.2ChannelSilence 31

4.2.3AAUShallowDormancy 35

4.2.4AAUDeepDormancy 39

4.2.5EnergyEfficiency 42

5EnhancementofExistingCapabilities 44

5.1UplinkCentricEvolution 44

5.1.1DFT-s-OFDMWaveformTest 44

5.2MassiveMIMOEvolution 47

5.2.1CodebookType2forMU-MIMO,DLCapacityIncrease 47

5.3URLLCEnhancement 50

5.3.1UplinkPre-AllocationforDelaySensitiveServices 50

5.3.2DSFrameStructure 53

6MaximiseSpectrumValue 55

6.1DuplexEvolution 55

6.1.1Cross-LinkInterference 56

6.1.2Sub-BandNon-OverlappingFullDuplex 61

6.2FlexibleSpectrumAccess 67

6.2.1Definition 67

6.2.2TestingEnvironment 67

6.2.3ReportingandAnalysingResults 69

6.3Multi-BandServingCell 70

6.3.1Definition 70

6.3.2TestingEnvironment 70

6.3.3ReportingandAnalysingResults 73

6.4HigherFrequency 73

6.4.1FR1andFR2NRDualConnectivity 73

6.4.2NRCarrierAggregation 77

7NewApplicationEnabler 80

7.1High-InteractiveBroadbandCommunication 80

7.1.1CapacityEvaluation 80

7.1.2UEPowerConsumptionEvaluation 86

7.2PositioningandSensingEvolution 89

7.2.15GPrecisePositioningSolution 89

7.2.2HarmonisedCommunicationandSensing 92

7.3PassiveIoT 95

7.3.1Definition 96

7.3.2TestingEnvironment 96

7.3.3ReportingandAnalysingResults 98

ListofAbbreviations 99

References 104

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1INTRODUCTION

ThisWhitePaperisthefirstofsixdeliverablesofNGMN’s5GTrialandTestingInitiative(TTI)Phase2.Phase2hasthefollowingobjectives:

?Enabletheglobalcollaborationoftestingactivitiestosupportanefficient,successful,andin-time5Gtechnologyandserviceintroduction.

?ProofofConcept(PoC):Demonstratetheproofofconceptsonthe5Gfunctionalityandperformanceofpre-standards(Release17/18)technologies.

?Pre-commercialTrials:Visualise5Gcapabilitiesandadvantagesin(nearly)pre-commercialconditions(Release16/17/18).

?Consolidatecontributionsandreportontheindustryprogressinordertoensurethedevelopmentofgloballyaligned5Gtechnologyandservicesolutions.

?Identify,test,andpromotenewbusinessopportunitiesandusecaseswithindustrystakeholders(e.g.fromverticalindustries).

?ProvideNGMN’scontributionsto3GPPRelease16/17/18standards.

ThemilestonesofPhase2areillustratedinError!Referencesourcenotfound..ThecurrentmilestoneisD1.

Figure1:NGMNTTIPhase2Milestones

Notes:

?D1–TheframeworkdefinitionforR16/Implementationschemes/Prototypes(thisWhitePaper).

?D2-TestresultsforR16/Implementationschemes/Prototypes.

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?D3-TheframeworkdefinitionforR17/Implementationschemes/Prototypes.

?D4-TestresultsforR17/Implementationschemes/Prototypes.

?D5-TheframeworkdefinitionforR18/Implementationschemes/Prototypes.

?D6-TestresultsforR18/Implementationschemes/Prototypes.

2SCOPE

NGMN5GTTIPhase2includesthefollowingfourtechnologycategoriesandkeydirections.

Table1:NGMN5GTTIPhase2WorkingScope

TechnologyCategories

KeyDirections

Releases

SmartandEffectiveSystem

AI

R16

BaseStationEnergySaving

R16

EnhancementofExistingCapabilities

UplinkCentricEvolution

R16

MassiveMIMOEvolution

R16

URLLCEnhancement

R16

MobilityEnhancement

R16

MaximisingSpectrumValue

DuplexEvolution

R18

FlexibleSpectrumAccess

R18andbeyond

Multi-BandServing-Cell

R18andbeyond

HigherFrequency

R16

NewApplicationEnabler

PositioningandSensingEvolution

R16/R18andbeyond

PassiveIoT

R18andbeyond

NewBroadcastingEvolution

R17

High-InteractiveBroadbandCommunication

R17

Notes:

?Theworkingscopemaychangewiththeprojectmembers’plansandtheprojectprogress.

?Thetechnologiestobetestedcanbebasedon3GPPspecificationsorvendorspecificimplementationschemesorprototypes.

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?TheReleaseversioninTable1indicatesthepublicreleasetimeofthefirstdocumentcorrespondingtothatofeach3GPPstandards.Thedocumentcanbeimplementationschemes,prototypes,protocols,etc.,ofeachkeydirection.

3TRIALSETUPREQUIREMENTS

Thischapterspecifiesthedeploymentscenariosincludingtheusedfrequencybandsandallthepracticalconsiderationsforeachdeploymentscenario[1].Forthedetaileddeploymentrequirementsofeachtestingcase,pleaserefertotheTestingConfigurationinChapters4-7.Incaseofthedifferencebetweenthetestingconfigurationandthedeploymentattributesandvaluesinthischapter,pleaserefertotheconfigurationrequirementsinChapters4-7.

3.1IndoorHotSpot

Thissectionfocusesonthehighuserdensityandthehighcapacity/throughputintheindoorhotspotscenario.ScenariospecificdeploymentattributesandexpectedvaluesarelistedinTable2.

Table2:TheDeploymentAttributesoftheIndoorHotSpotScenario

Attributes

ExpectedValues

CarrierFrequency

Sub6GHzandabove6GHz(around30GHz&70GHz)

AggregatedSystemBandwidth

Sub6GHz:100MHz

Above6GHz(around30GHz&70GHz):800MHz

Sub-CarrierSpacing

eMBB:30kHzforsub6GHz,120kHzforabove6GHz

URLLC:60(30)kHz

CarrierPrefix(CP)Length

2.3usforeMBB;1.2usforURLLC

SlotLength

eMBB:0.5ms(14symbols),0.25ms(7symbols)(Optional:mini-slots)

URLLC:0.125ms

NumberofLayers

1

BSAntenna

Elements

Sub6GHz:upto256TxandRxantennaelements(64or128isrecommended)

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Above6GHz:upto256TxandRxantennaelements(around30GHz&70GHz)

UEAntenna

Elements

Sub6GHz:upto8TxandRxantennaelements(4isrecommended)

Above6GHz:upto32TxandRxantennaelements(around30GHz&70GHz)

UserLocationandSpeed

100%indoor(3km/h)

TrafficType

Thefullbufferornon-full-buffertrafficdependsonthescenario

InterSiteDistance

20metres

3.2DenseUrban

Thissectionfocusesonthehighuserdensityandhightrafficloadsincitycentresintheoutdoorandoutdoor-to-indoorcoveragescenarios.ScenariospecificdeploymentattributesandexpectedvaluesarelistedinTable3.

Table3:TheDeploymentAttributesoftheDenseUrbanAreas

Attributes

ExpectedValues

CarrierFrequency

Sub6GHzandabove6GHz(around30GHz)

AggregatedSystemBandwidth

Sub6GHz:100MHz

Above6GHz(around30GHz):800MHz

Sub-CarrierSpacing

eMBB:30kHzforsub6GHz,120kHzforabove6GHz

URLLC:60(30)kHz

CarrierPrefix(CP)Length

2.3usforeMBB;1.2usforURLLC

SlotLength

eMBB:0.5ms(14symbols),0.25ms(7symbols)(Optional:mini-slots)

URLLC:0.125ms

NumberofLayers

2

BSAntenna

Elements

Sub6GHz:upto256TxandRxantennaelements(64or128isrecommended)

Above6GHz:upto256TxandRxantennaelements(around30GHz)

UEAntenna

Elements

Sub6GHz:upto8TxandRxantennaelements(4isrecommended)

Above6GHz:upto32TxandRxantennaelements(around30GHz)

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UserLocationandSpeed

80%indoor(3km/h)and20%outdoor(30km/h)

TrafficType

Thefullbufferornon-full-buffertrafficdependsonthescenario

InterSiteDistance

200metres

3.3UrbanMacro

Thissectionfocusesonthecontinuouscoverageintheurbanmacroscenario.ScenariospecificdeploymentattributesandexpectedvaluesarelistedinTable4.

Table4:TheDeploymentAttributesoftheUrbanMacroScenario

Attributes

ExpectedValues

CarrierFrequency

Sub6GHzandabove6GHz(around30GHz)

AggregatedSystemBandwidth

Sub6GHz:100MHz

Above6GHz(around30GHz):800MHz

Sub-CarrierSpacing

eMBB:30kHzforsub6GHz,120kHzforabove6GHz

URLLC:60(30)kHz

CarrierPrefix(CP)Length

2.3usforeMBB;1.2usforURLLC

SlotLength

eMBB:0.5ms(14symbols),0.25ms(7symbols)(Optional:mini-slots)

URLLC:0.125ms

NumberofLayers

1

BSAntenna

Elements

Sub6GHz:upto256TxandRxantennaelements(64or128isrecommended)

Above6GHz:upto256TxandRxantennaelements(around30GHz)

UEAntenna

Elements

Sub6GHz:upto8TxandRxantennaelements(4isrecommended)

Above6GHz:upto32TxandRxantennaelements(around30GHz)

UserLocationandSpeed

80%indoor(3km/h)and20%outdoor(30km/h)

TrafficType

Thefullbufferornon-full-buffertrafficdependsonthescenario

InterSiteDistance

500metres

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3.4Rural

Thissectionfocusesonthecontinuouscoverageintheruralarea.ScenariospecificdeploymentattributesandexpectedvaluesarelistedinTable5.

Table5:TheDeploymentAttributesoftheRuralAreas

Attributes

ExpectedValues

CarrierFrequency

Sub6GHz(around4GHz)andsub1GHz

AggregatedSystemBandwidth

Sub6GHz:100MHz

Sub1GHz:20MHz

Sub-CarrierSpacing

eMBB:30kHzforsub6GHz,30(15)kHzforsub1GHz

URLLC:60(30)kHz

CarrierPrefix(CP)Length

2.3usforeMBB;1.2usforURLLC

SlotLength

eMBB:0.5ms(14symbols),0.25ms(7symbols)(Optional:mini-slots)forsub6GHz;0.5msforsub1GHz

URLLC:0.125ms

NumberofLayers

1

BSAntenna

Elements

Sub6GHz:upto256TxandRxantennaelements(64or128isrecommended)

Sub1GHz:upto64TxandRxantennaelements

UEAntenna

Elements

Sub6GHz:upto8TxandRxantennaelements(4isrecommended)

Sub1GHz:upto4TxandRxantennaelements

UserLocationandSpeed

50%indoor(3km/h)and50%outdoor(30km/hto120km/h)

TrafficType

Thefullbufferornon-full-buffertrafficdependsonthescenario

InterSiteDistance

1500metresto5000metres

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4SMARTANDEFFECTIVESYSTEM

4.1ArtificialIntelligence(AI)

4.1.1Radio-Fingerprint-BasedSmartHandover

TheUEhandoverhighlydependsonthemeasurementreport(MR)ofthecellsonneighbourfrequencies.Withtheincreasingnumberofbands,inter-frequency/RAT(radioaccesstechnology)measurementsoftheUEmaycauseamountsofsignallingoverheadsovertheUuinterface,costthemassiveUEpowerconsumption,andseverelyimpactrunningservicesduetothedatainterruptionoftheinter-frequency/RATmeasurementgap.Theinter-frequency/RATmeasurementsalsoleadtotheslowhandoveraswaitingfortheinter-frequency/RATMRfromtheUE.Therefore,howtoenablethefastinter-frequency/RATmeasurementforamoreefficienthandoverbecomesanimportantissue.

Basedonthehistoricalmeasurementresults,theradiofingerprintinformationcanbeexploitedandpredicted,simultaneouslywiththegreathelpforthemulti-bandinter-frequency/RAThandover.Theradiofingerprintiscomposedofmultiplevirtualgrids.Thevirtualgridsarethelogicalunitsofonecell,andconstructedbasedonhistoricalreportsofintra-frequencymeasurementresults(includingthereferencesignalreceivedpower[RSRP]oftheservingcellandtwoneighbourcellswiththestrongestRSRP).Theinter-frequencyinformationstoredinthegridsislearnedfromtheUEinter-frequencymeasurementreports.Withtheinformationofvirtualgrids,suchasthecellIDfortheinter-frequency/RAThandoverandtheDLspectrumefficiency(SE),thesystemcanpredicttheRSRP,theinterference,etc.,ofthetargetcell,aswellaseliminatethehandovermeasurementprocesstoavoidtheinter-frequency/RATmeasurementgapandimprovetheefficiencyoftheinter-frequency/RAThandover.

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Definition

Fortheradio-fingerprint-basedsmarthandover,firstly,basedontheintra-frequencymeasurementinformationoftheUE,theinter-frequency/RATmeasurementinformationoftheUEispredictedbytheradiofingerprint.Thentheinter-frequency/RAThandoverwithoutthegapisperformed.Itsrealisationinvolvestheradiofingerprintconstruction,theradiofingerprintprediction,andthegenerationofthesmartinter-frequency/RAThandoverdecision.

TestingEnvironment

.1TestingSetup

Inthemulti-bandandmulti-cellnetworking,theUEisrandomlydistributed.

Figure2illustratesanexample.ThetestservingcellisCELL1,whileCELL2andCELL4aretheintra-frequencyneighbourcellsofCELL1.CELL3istheinter-frequencyneighbourcellofCELL1.CELL5isa4GneighbourcellofCELL1.

Figure2:TheTestingSetupfortheRadio-Fingerprint-basedSmartHandover

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.2TestingConfiguration

Table6:TheTestingConfigurationfortheRadio-Fingerprint-BasedSmartHandover

Attributes

ExpectedValues

CarrierFrequency

Sub6GHz

Notes

1)ThetestingUEisregisteredandenterstheRRC_IDLEstate.

2)TheUEresidesinCELL1,a5Gcell,whichhastheintra-frequency5Gneighbours(CELL2andCELL4),theinter-frequency5Gneighbour(CELL3),andtheinter-RATneighbour(CELL5).

3)TheradiofingerprintofCELL1hasbeenconstructed.

4)ThetestingUEsupportsthe4GfrequencybandofCELL5,theNRfrequencybandofCELL1,andtheNRfrequencybandofCELL3.

.3TestingProcedures

1.Thesmartinter-frequencyhandover:

1)Turnofftheradio-fingerprint-basedinter-frequencyhandoverfunction.

2)ThetestingUEinitiatestheserviceinCELL1toentertheRRC_CONNECTEDstate.

3)ByadjustingthereferencesignalofCELL1,theUEistriggeredtobehandedoverfromCELL1toCELL3basedontheUEinter-frequencyMR.

4)Repeatstep3)10times.Recordthetotaltimeforthehandoverprocess(fromthetimewhentheservingcellinitiateshandovermeasurementconfigurationtothetimewhenthetargetcellreceivesRRCconnectionreconfigurationcompletion)andtheuserthroughputofULandDLforeachtest.

5)Turnontheradio-fingerprint-basedinter-frequencyhandoverfunction.

6)ThetestingUEinitiatestheserviceinCELL1toentertheRRC_CONNECTEDstate.

7)ByadjustingthereferencesignalofCELL1,theUEistriggeredtobehandedoverfromCELL1toCELL3basedontheradiofingerprintthroughwhichtheUEdoesnotneedtheinter-frequencyMR.

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8)Repeatstep7)10times.Recordthetotaltimeforthehandoverprocess(fromthetimewhentheservingcellinitiatestheRRCconnectionreconfigurationrequesttothetimewhenthetargetcellreceivestheRRCconnectionreconfigurationcompletion)andtheuserthroughputofULandDLforeachtest.

2.Thesmartinter-RAThandover:

1)Turnofftheradio-fingerprint-basedinter-RAThandoverfunction.

2)ThetestingUEinitiatestheserviceinCELL1toentertheRRC_CONNECTEDstate.

3)ByadjustingthereferencesignalofCELL1,theUEistriggeredtobehandedoverfromCELL1toCELL5basedontheUEinter-RATmeasurement.

4)Repeatstep3)10times.Recordthetotaltimeforthehandoverprocess(fromthetimewhentheservingcellinitiateshandovermeasurementconfigurationtothetimewhenthetargetcellreceivesRRCconnectionreconfigurationcompletion)andtheuserthroughputofULandDLforeachtest.

5)Turnontheradio-fingerprint-basedinter-RAThandoverfunction.

6)ThetestingUEinitiatestheserviceinCELL1toentertheRRC_CONNECTEDstate.

7)ByadjustingthereferencesignalofCELL1,theUEistriggeredtobehandedoverfromCELL1toCELL5basedontheradiofingerprintthroughwhichtheUEdoesnotneedtheinter-RATmeasurement.

8)Repeatstep7)10times.Recordthetotaltimeforthehandoverprocess(fromthetimewhentheservingcellinitiatestheRRCconnectionreconfigurationrequesttothetimewhenthetargetcellreceivestheRRCconnectionreconfigurationcompletion)andtheuserthroughputofULandDLforeachtest.

.4SuccessCriteria

1.Afterturningontheradio-fingerprint-basedinter-frequency/RAThandover,theUEcansuccessfullyswitchtothetargetcellwithouttheinter-frequency/RATmeasurement.Servicescontinue.

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2.Afterturningontheradiofingerprint-basedinter-frequency/RAThandoverswitch,thehandoverexecutionisacceleratedwithoutthehandovermeasurement,andthetotaltimeforthehandoverprocessisreduced.

3.Afterturningontheradiofingerprint-basedinter-frequency/RAThandoverswitch,theULandDLuserthroughputaresignificantlyimproved.

ReportingandAnalysingResults

Table7:TheReportingandAnalysingResultsforRadio-Fingerprint-BasedSmartHandover

TurnontheHandoverFunction

TurnofftheHandoverFunction

TheTotalTimefortheHandoverProcess

ULUserThroughput

DLUserThroughput

4.1.2QoEOptimisation

5Gnativevideoapplications,suchashigh-resolutionvideos(e.g.8Kvideo/VR),needthehightransmissionbandwidthandaresensitivetothelatency.Thequalityoftheuserexperience(QoE)ofthehigh-resolutionvideoserviceismorevulnerabletothefluctuationsofthewirelesstransmission,resultinginthevideostreamjitterandmosaic.Traditionalsemi-staticQoSframeworkscannotefficientlysatisfytheQoErequirementsofhigh-resolutionvideoapplications;therefore,AI/ML(machinelearning)solutionsareintroducedtooptimisetheQoE.

Definition

TheAIusecaseoftheQoEoptimisationistoperiodicallypredicttheUEuplinkradiochannelcapacityevery100millisecondsviatheRAN(radioaccessnetwork)intelligentcontroller(RIC).Thepredictionwillbeusedtoindicatethehigh-resolutioncamera'svideostreamingcodecandthegNB(5GNodeB)radioresourceschedulertooptimisetheuserexperienceofhigh-resolutionvideos(toavoidthevideostreamjitter,mosaic,etc.).Firstly,theRICwill

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collectdataofthebasetransceiverstation(BTS)andtheUE(e.g.thecellload),theUEuplinkchannelmeasurementresultssuchastheSINR,etc.,andperformtheuplinkchannelcapacitypredictionbasedonthecollecteddata.Thepredictionresultswillbestoredandfedbackastheinputforthenextprediction.Secondly,whentheRICpredictsthedeteriorationoftheUEuplinkcapacity,basedonthepredictionresults,itguidesthehigh-resolutioncamer