高中英語(yǔ)閱讀理解練習(xí)題(有答案)

一、高中英語(yǔ)閱讀理解1．閱讀理解Itwasjustbefore8a.m.onOctober17,2010.She'dcheckedthehighersummitsforecastpostedbytheMountWashingtonObservatorybeforesheleft.Basedonherexperience,Balesknewthatherhikewasrealistic.Besides,shehadtwoplansandextralayersofclothingtobetterregulatehertemperatureasconditionschanged.At10:30a.m.,theweatherwasshowingitsteeth.Balesaddedevenmorelayers,includingajackettoprotectherselffromthecoldwindsandheavyfog.Shemadeherwayacrossthesnow—coveredridgetowardMountWashingtonandbegantothinkaboutcallingitaday.Thenshenoticedsomething:asinglesetoffootprintsinthesnowaheadofher.She'dbeenfollowingfainttracksalldayandhadn'tgiventhemmuchthought,becausesomanypeopleclimbedJewellTrail.Butthese,sherealized,hadbeenmadebyapairofsneakers.Shesilentlyscoldedtheabsenthikerforbreakingnormalsafetyrulesandwalkedon.Nowshefeltgenuinelyalarmed.Shewassurethehikercouldnotnavigate（找至U方向）inthelowvisibilityandwasheadingstraighttowardthechallengingtrailsoftheGreatGulfWilderness.Balesstoodthere,shocked.Thetemperatureandcloudswereinaracetofindtheirlowestpoint,anddarknesswasmerehoursaway.IfBalescontinuedtofollowthetracks,she'daddriskandtimetotherouteshe'dalreadyadjustedtomanageboth.Butshecouldnotletthisgo.Sheturnedtotheleftandcalledout,"Hello!"intothefrozenfog.Baleswouldn'tgetanansweruntilaweeklater,whenthepresidentofherrescuegroupreceivedaletterinthemail.Itread:"Ihopethisreachestherightgroupofrescuers.Iwanttoremainanonymous（匿名的）,butIwascalledJohn.OnSunday,October17,Iwentupmyfavoritetrail,Jewell,toendmylife.Weatherwastobebad.Thoughtnooneelsewouldbethere.Iwasdressedtogoquickly.NextthingIknewthisladywastalkingtome,changingmyclothes,givingmefood,makingmewarmer."（1）Whatdoestheunderlinedsentencemean?A.Theweatherbegantogetworse.B.Nobodycontrolledtheweather.C.Weathercouldneverbepredicted.D.Weatherwasgenerallychangeable.（2）WhydidBalesfeelreallyfrightened?A.Becauseshelostherwaycompletely.B.Becausetheterribleweatherwasontheway.C.Becauseshewasblindedbythefrozenfog.D.Becauseshewasconvincedthatsomeonewasintrouble.（3）WhatisthepurposeofJohn'shiking?A.Tochallengehislimit.B.Togouphisfavoritetrail.C.Todonatesomemoneytorescuegroup.D.Tokillhimselfwithoutbeingdiscovered.【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，貝爾斯在天氣惡劣時(shí)去登山，無(wú)意發(fā)現(xiàn)一串往危險(xiǎn)區(qū)域行進(jìn)的腳印，她知道有人陷入了困境。盡管很害怕，盡管天氣情況很糟糕，她還是跟著腳印繼續(xù)前進(jìn)，最終救了那個(gè)人。一周后才知道那人名叫約翰，當(dāng)時(shí)準(zhǔn)備自殺。（1）考查句義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第二段中的“Balesaddedevenmorelayers,includingajackettoprotectherselffromthecoldwindsandheavyfog.可知貝爾斯增加更多的衣服來(lái)保護(hù)自己免受寒風(fēng)和濃霧的侵襲，由此推斷劃線部分的意思是“天氣正在變得更糟”。故選A。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“Nowshefeltgenuinelyalarmed.Shewassurethehikercouldnotnavigate（找至U方向）inthelowvisibilityandwasheadingstraighttowardthechallengingtrailsoftheGreatGulfWilderness."可知貝爾斯看到腳印后非常害怕，因?yàn)樗烙腥藷o(wú)法導(dǎo)航，這個(gè)人正在向海灣區(qū)域前進(jìn)，那是最具挑戰(zhàn)性的線路，即貝爾斯確信有人遇上麻煩了，所以她感到害怕。故選D。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的”O(jiān)nSunday,October17,Iwentupmyfavoritetrail,Jewell,toendmylife.Weatherwastobebad.Thoughtnooneelsewouldbethere.Iwasdressedtogoquickly.”可知，約翰這天選擇這條線路去登山的目的是在沒(méi)人看見的情況下結(jié)束自己的生命，所以他穿的很少，以便快速行走。故選D?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和句義猜測(cè)兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行推理，歸納，從而選出正確答案。2．閱讀理解NASAhasanewjoblisting,andit'snojoke.TheUSspaceagencyislookingfora"joker"tojointheirplannedmissiontoMars.AmissiontoMarsisnolaughingmatter.Onaverage,theredplanetis140millionmiles（225millionkilometers）awayfromEarth.Atriptherewouldtakearoundeightmonthsinasmallspacecraft.AndMarshasacommunicationsdelayof20minutes.Thismeansthatastronautswillhavetowait20minutesforareply,whenanemergencyhappens."Whenyou'relivingwithothersinaconfinedspaceforalongperiodoftime,suchasonamissiontoMars,problemsarelikelytooccur,"JeffreyJohnson,ascientistattheUniversityofFlorida,toldTheGuardian.ThisisprobablywhyNASAwantsanastronautwithasenseofhumor."Thesearepeoplethathavetheabilitytopulleveryonetogether,"Johnsonsaid.Instressfulsituations,perhapshumorisawaytoknowwearen'talone.Bylaughingtogether,weshareourstress.Thenwecanfocusonourjobsinsteadofjustworrying.Thereareotherexamplesofteam"clowns".OneexampleisthejourneytotheSouthPoleledbyNorwegianexplorerRoaldAmundsen.Itwasadifficultjourneyfullofdanger.AdolfLindstrom,acookatAmundsen'steam,wasa"clown".Hemadepeoplelaughthroughthewholejourney.AmundsenlaterwrotethatLindstromwasthemostvaluablememberoftheteam.Butifyou'rehopingthatyourfavoriteTVcomedianwillflytoMars,thatprobablywon'thappen."Beingfunnywon'tbeenoughtolandsomebodythejob,"Johnsonsaid."Theyalsoneedtobeanexcellentengineer."Besides,theymustbeintopphysicalcondition.（1）WhatisNASA'snewjoblisting?A.Afunnyengineer.B.Atalentedclown.C.Agoodcook.D.Apopularcomedian.（2）Whatdoes"aconfinedspace"inParagraph3referto?A.afullspaceB.anemptyspaceC.anopenspaceD.asmallspace.（3）Howdoestheauthorthinkhumorcanhelpastronauts?A.Itcanstopthemfromfeelingbored. B.Itcanpromoteteamworkonamission.C.Itcanmakethemfeellesshomesick. D.Itcanhelpthemknowthemselvesbetter.（4）What'stheauthor'spurposeofgivingtheexampleofthecook?Totellusthatwhatexplorerseatontheirjourneyisveryimportant.Toprovethatanamateurcanplayamoreimportantrolethanaprofessional.Tomakethepointthathumorouspeoplecancheerpeopleupindifficultsituations.TorevealthatamissiontoMarsismoredifficultthanajourneytotheSouthPole.【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）B（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，由美國(guó)宇航局尋找一位幽默的工程師來(lái)和宇航員一起執(zhí)行航天任務(wù)介紹了幽默對(duì)宇航員的重要作用。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“‘Beingfunnywon'tbeenoughtolandsomebodythejob,,Johnsonsaid.’Theyalsoneedtobeanexcellentengineer.’”可知，美國(guó)宇航局的新工作是幽默的工程師，故選A。（2）考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第三段中的“suchasonamissiontoMars,”可知，與在地球上生活的寬廣空間不同，在火星任務(wù)中，你需要和其他人一起在狹小的航天器內(nèi)生活很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間，由此可知畫線詞詞義為“狹小的空間、有限的空間〃，故選D。（3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的“Theseare.peoplethathavetheabilitytopulleveryonetogether,”〃可知，幽默的人有能力把每個(gè)人都團(tuán)結(jié)在一起，也就是說(shuō)幽默能夠促進(jìn)宇航員在任務(wù)中的團(tuán)隊(duì)合作，故選B。（4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第五段中的“Instressfulsituations,perhapshumorisawaytoknowwearen'talone.Bylaughingtogether,weshareourstress.〃可知，在壓力大的情況下，幽默是一種減壓的方式，第六段第一句話又說(shuō)有很多團(tuán)隊(duì)小丑的例子，緊接著舉廚師的例子就是為了證明這一點(diǎn)，即：幽默的人能使人在困難的情況下振作起來(lái)，故選C?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測(cè)和推理判斷三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科技類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，同時(shí)根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，從而選出正確答案。3．閱讀理解Dearyoungpoets,TIMEForKidshasachallengeforyou:WritearhymingpoemandenteritintheTFKPoetryContest.Itmustbeapoemthatdoesnotcopyanotherpoet'sworks.Howtoenter:Thiscontestwillbegin12pmonApril14,2019andwillend12pmonJune14,2019.Toenteronline,visit/2019poetrycontestandfollowinstructionstosubmitthefollowing:(a)anoriginalandpreviouslyunpublishedpoem;(b)theentrant'sfirstnameonlyande-mailaddress;(c)aparent'se-mailaddress.Limitoneentryperpersonore-mailaccount.Judging:AllentrieswillbejudgedbypoetKennNesbitt,basedonthefollowingcriteria:creativityandoriginality(50%),useoflanguageandrhyme(25%)andappropriatenesstocontesttheme(25%).Winnerswillbenotifiedbye-mailduringthemonthofJulyandmustrespondwithinfivedays.Eligibility(參賽資格):OpentolegalcitizensoftheUnitedStateswhoareprimaryschoolstudentsandare8to13yearsoldattimeofentry.Prizes:Ourjudgewillselectfoursemifinalists,fromwhomonegrand-prizewinnerandthreefinalistswillbechosen.Theonegrand-prizewinnerwillreceiveanonlineclassvisitfromKennNesbitt.AllthesemifinalistswillreceiveasignedcopyofBigfootIsMissing,whichisworthabout$275.Thesemifinalists'poemswillbepublishedat.(1)HowlongwillthePoetryContestlast?A.Onemonth. B.Twomonths.C.Threemonths. D.Fourmonths.(2)WhatdoesthePoetryContestvaluemost?A.Whetherthepoemisnovel.B.Whetherthepoemishumorous.C.WhetherthepoemiswritteninrhymeD.Whetherthepoemissuitableforthecontesttheme.(3)Whatcanthefinalistsget?A.A$275bonus.B.Anonlineclassvisit.C.Thepositionofassistanteditor.D.AsignedcopyofBigfootIsMissing.【答案】(1)B(2)A(3)D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了一項(xiàng)由TIMEForKids舉辦的詩(shī)歌比賽：如何參賽，如何評(píng)判，參賽者資格，如何評(píng)選獲獎(jiǎng)等相關(guān)信息。(1)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Thiscontestwillbegin12pmonApril14,2019andwillend12pmonJune14,2019.”本次比賽將于2019年4月14日下午12點(diǎn)開始，2019年6月14日下午12點(diǎn)結(jié)束。可知，此次比賽歷時(shí)2個(gè)月。故選B。(2)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“AllentrieswillbejudgedbypoetKennNesbitt,basedonthefollowingcriteria:creativityandoriginality(50%),useoflanguageandrhyme(25%)andappropriatenesstocontesttheme(25%).”所有參賽作品將由詩(shī)人KennNesbitt根據(jù)以下標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行評(píng)判:創(chuàng)造力和原創(chuàng)性(50%)，語(yǔ)言和韻律的使用(25%)和主題的適當(dāng)性(25%)。可知，創(chuàng)新性占據(jù)50%，可以推斷出此次比賽看重創(chuàng)新性。故選A。(3)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的“AllthesemifinalistswillreceiveasignedcopyofBigfootIsMissing,whichisworthabout$275.Thesemifinalists'poemswillbepublishedat.”所有的半決賽選手都會(huì)收到一份簽名版的《大腳怪》，價(jià)值約275美元。半決賽選手的詩(shī)作將在上發(fā)表。參加半決賽的選手包含決賽選手，故選D。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解題型的考查，是一篇介紹類閱讀?？忌枰獪?zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并結(jié)合題目要求，從而選出正確答案。4．閱讀理解Thenegative(負(fù)面的)healtheffectsofsleepshortagesduringtheweekcan'tbechangedbymarathonweekendsleepsessions,accordingtoanewstudy.Researchershavelongknownthatroutinesleepdeprivation(缺乏)cancauseweightgainandincreaseotherhealthrisks,includingdiabetes.ButtherearestillsomepeoplewhohopethatshuttingoffthealarmonSaturdayandSundaywillrepaytheweeklysleepdebtandremoveanyilleffects.Theresearch,publishedinCurrentBiology,ruinsthosehopes.Despitecompletefreedomtosleepinandnapduringaweekendrecoveryperiod,participantsinasleeplaboratorywhowerelimitedtofivehoursofsleeponweekdaysgainednearlythreepoundsovertwoweeksandexperiencedmetabolicdisruption(代謝紊亂)thatwouldincreasetheirriskfordiabetesoverthelongterm.Whileweekendrecoverysleephadsomebenefitsafterasingleweekofinadequatesleep,thosegainswerewipedoutwhenpeoplereturnedrighttotheirsamesleepschedulethenextMonday."Iftherearebenefitsofcatch-upsleep,they'regonewhenyougobacktoyourroutine.It'sveryshort-lived,"saidKennethWright,wholedtheresearch."Thesehealtheffectsarelong-term.It'skindoflikesmokingoncewas—peoplewouldsmokeandwouldn'tseeanimmediateeffectontheirhealth,butpeoplewillsaynowthatsmokingisnotahealthylifestylechoice.Ithinksleepisintheearlystageofwheresmokingusedtobe."Wrightsaidthatthestudysuggestspeopleshouldprioritizesleep—cuttingouttheoptional"sleepstealers"suchaswatchingtelevisionshowsorspendingtimeonelectronicequipment.Evenwhenpeopledon'thaveachoiceaboutlosingsleepduetochild-careresponsibilitiesorjobschedules,theyshouldthinkaboutprioritizingsleepinthesamewaytheywouldthinkaboutahealthydietorexercise.(1)Whathadtheresearchersalreadyknownbeforedoingthenewresearch?Theactualbenefitsofweekendrecoverysleep.Harmtohealthcausedbythelackofroutinesleep.People'shabitofshuttingoffthealarmduringholidays.Therelationshipbetweenbodyweightandsleepamount.(2)KennethWrightmentionedsmokingto .callonsmokerstocompletelyabandonsmokingadvisepeopletogotosleepwhentheywanttosmokeshowpeoplehaveknowntheharmbroughtbysmokingshowpeoplewillsomedaynoticethebadeffectsofsleepdeprivation（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"prioritize"probablymean?A.Havealowopinionofsomething.B.Increasetheamountofsomething.C.Cutdownsomethingthatisn'tnecessaryanymore.D.Treatsomethingasbeingmoreimportantthanothers.（4）Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.WeekendCatch-upSleepIsaLieB.BadSleepHabitsAreHarmfultoHealthC.ANewStudyHasanUnexpectedDiscoveryD.AdvantagesandDisadvantagesofCatch-upSleep【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）D（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，作者通過(guò)一項(xiàng)研究與對(duì)比舉例的方法讓大家明白周末馬拉松式的“補(bǔ)覺(jué)”并不能扭轉(zhuǎn)工作日睡眠不足對(duì)健康的負(fù)面影響。人們應(yīng)該把睡眠放在優(yōu)先地位。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Researchershavelongknownthatroutinesleepdeprivation（缺乏）cancauseweightgainandincreaseotherhealthrisks,includingdiabetes”研究人員很早就知道長(zhǎng)期的睡眠缺乏會(huì)導(dǎo)致體重增加和像糖尿病這樣的健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，可知，人們很早就知道長(zhǎng)期睡眠不足會(huì)給身體帶來(lái)的危害。故選B。（2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中KennethWright說(shuō)的最后兩句話可知：長(zhǎng)期睡眠不足給健康造成的危害是長(zhǎng)期的，就像曾經(jīng)的抽煙習(xí)慣一樣——人們抽煙，沒(méi)有看到立即的效應(yīng)，但是現(xiàn)在人們會(huì)說(shuō)抽煙是不健康的生活方式。睡眠不足就像是早期的抽煙一樣。也就是說(shuō)作者用這個(gè)比喻是想讓大家知道終究會(huì)有一天人們會(huì)注意到睡眠不足帶來(lái)的壞處。故選D。（3）考查詞義猜測(cè)。劃線單詞后有一個(gè)破折后，起解釋說(shuō)明的作用。由破折后的句意：減少不必要的“睡眠小偷”式行為，比如看電視節(jié)目或者花時(shí)間在電子設(shè)備上?？芍?，我們需要把睡眠放在優(yōu)先的地位。也就是說(shuō)要把睡眠看的比看電視節(jié)目、看電子設(shè)備等等這些行為更重要。故選D。（4）考查主旨大意。第一段就說(shuō)明了文章中心。第一段段意為：一項(xiàng)發(fā)人深省的新研究表明，周末馬拉松式的“補(bǔ)覺(jué)”并不能扭轉(zhuǎn)工作日睡眠不足對(duì)健康的負(fù)面影響。也就是說(shuō)周末的補(bǔ)覺(jué)是一個(gè)謊言。故選A?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測(cè)，推理判斷和主旨大意四個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇健康類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。5．閱讀理解Ispendhalfofmylifewithmymotherandtheotherhalfwithmyfather.Myfatherliveswithatwenty-poundcatnamedTofu.Hecallsmehisfavoritedaughter.Iamanonlychild.Myfather'sapartmentisquitedifferentfromanyotherperson'slivingspace.Exceptformyroom,thereisnofurniture.Hedoesn'tlikesofasoranycomfortablechairs,sohehasonlyadrawingtable,adeskandhisbed.Hespendsalotoftimelyingonthestudiofloor.That'showhethinks,hesays.ThenhedoesyogaHehasabigkitchen,andontopoftherefrigeratorisanoldclockhewindseveryweekforgoodluck.Thelasttimetheclockstopped,myfather'scarwastowed（被警察拖走）andsomeotherterriblethingshappened,sohehasbecomeverysuperstitious（迷信的）.Whenhegoesoutoftown,hehiressomeonetofeedTofuandwindtheclocksoitwon'tstop.Theonethinghehasplentyofishouserules.Youhavetotakeoffyourshoeswhenyoucomein.Hewon'tallowanyonewhowearsabaseballcapintohishouse.Hesaysonlybaseballplayersshouldwearbaseballcapsandonlythecatchersshouldwearthembackward.EverytimeIgotostayinhishouse,hemakesupanewrule."Houserulenumber579,notelevisionprogramswithlaughtracks!"hewillsay.Butthenbecanneverrememberthenumbers,sotheychangeconstantly.TherulethathealwaysenforcesistheonethatrequiresmetowriteatwoessayanytimeIwantsomething.Hedidn'tspeakEnglishuntilhewassixteen,andhehadahardtimelearningtowriteit,sohewantsmetobecomeagoodwriteratanearlyage.Thisritual（儀式）startedwhenIaskedhimifIcouldhavemyearspiercedwhenIwasnine.HesaiditwasverycruelandtoldmeIcouldn'tdoituntilIwasthirty-five.Butlkeptaskinghim,andhefinallysaidthatifIwroteanessayandIcouldpersuadehiminwritingwhyIwantedholesinmyears,maybehewouldsayokay.Iwrotemyfirstessayformyfather,andafteronemonthofwritingandrewriting,hefinallygavemehispermission.（1）Whatisunusualaboutthefather'sapartment?A.Ithasalargekitchen.B.Thefatherdoesyogaathome.C.Itisscarcelyfurnished.D.Thefatherspendsalotoftimeonthefloor.（2）Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofthehouserules?A.SomeoneishiredtofeedTofu.B.Youcan'twearshoesinthehouse.C.Baseballplayersarenotallowedintotheapartment.D.Thewritercan'twatchtelevisionprogramsintheapartment.（3）WhichofthesestatementsabouttheclockisTRUE?A.Itisnotanautomaticone.B.Herfatherdoesn'tliketheclock.C.Itcanbringgoodlucktothem.D.Someoneishiredtowinditeveryweek.（4）Wecaninferthatthewriter'sfather .A.wasafamouswriterB.wasbornintheUnitedStatesC.wasacaringandstrictfatherD.speaksmorethanonelanguage【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）A（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，介紹了自己父親的生活以及處事原則。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Myfather'sapartmentisquitedifferentfromanyotherperson'slivingspace.Exceptformyroom,thereisnofurniture.”我父親的公寓和其他人的生活空間大不相同。除了我的房間，沒(méi)有家具?？芍?，我父親公寓的不同尋常之處在于房間里幾乎沒(méi)有家具，故選C。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的'Youhavetotakeoffyourshoeswhenyoucomein."你進(jìn)來(lái)時(shí)必須把鞋脫掉?？芍安荒茉诩依锎┬笔欠课菀?guī)則之一，故選B。（3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“Whenhegoesoutoftown,hehiressomeonetofeedTofuandwindtheclocksoitwon'tstop.”當(dāng)他出城的時(shí)候，他雇人喂Tofu，給鐘上弦，這樣鐘就不會(huì)停了?？芍xA。（4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Hedidn'tspeakEnglishuntilhewassixteen,andhehadahardtimelearningtowriteit,sohewantsmetobecomeagoodwriteratanearlyage.”他直到16歲才會(huì)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)，而且他很難學(xué)會(huì)寫英語(yǔ)，所以他希望我在很小的時(shí)候就成為一名優(yōu)秀的作家?？赏茢喑?，作者的父親會(huì)說(shuō)不止一種語(yǔ)言，故選D?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。6．閱讀理解RoadtripMotorhomedeliveryoffersgreatfamilyholidays.Forjust$1aday,youcanhireafully-equippedmotorhome,whichyoudelivertoaspecificdestinationwithinsomedaysandkilometers.Youthenhireanotheronetogethomeortakeabusortrain.Youronlyotherexpensewillbefuelandabout$20adayforparkingfees.Tolearnmore,visit.PlanaheadForacomfortablebreak,flexibilitywithtimes,datesandplaceshelpslowerthecost.Findafewhotelsyoulike,askabouttheirvacantrooms,thenwaitafewweeksandcallagain.Iftheystillhaverooms,you'reatanadvantagetoaskforabetterprice.Lotsoflast-minutedealsareonline.Watif（.au）hasdealsonhotelsthathavedroppedtheirpricessoslow.Youdon'tknowwhereyou'restayinguntilit'sbooked,butanywherewithfourorfivestarshastobefairlygood.BacktonatureWildcampingappealstonatureloversandcostsnothing.Thisisforbiddenonbeachesandparksinmosturbanareas,butyoucanturnupinmoredistantareaaslongasnobodyownstheland.You'llneedtotakeeverythingwithyouandmayneedtoshoponeBuy（.au）.Ifyou'reacampingbeginner,beawareofsafetymeasuresandgetyourquestionsansweredontheInternet.SwapmeetHowaboutahomeswap?Fora$250yearlyjoiningcost,youcanstayinsomeone'shomeinaninternationalplaceofyourchoicewhiletheyorsomeoneelsestaysinyours.Findoutmoreat.au.（1）Wherecanyougettheinformationaboutmotorhomes?A..au.B..au.C..D..au.（2）What'stheadviceforcampingbeginners?A.Takeonlywhatyouneed. B.Stayawayfromno-man'sland.C.KeepintouchwitheBuy. D.Watchoutforpossibledangers.（3）Whathelpstopaylessforroomsinahotel?A.Waitingforsometimebeforebooking. B.Choosinghotelswithfourorfivestars.C.Decidingonroomsasearlyaspossible. D.BargainingpricesthroughtheInternet.（4）What'sthepurposeofthetext?Toshowtheadvantagesofonlineservice.Toteachtheimportanceofrunningawayfromwork.Tohelppeoplehavefunatlessexpense.Tointroducenewdestinationsfornaturelovers.【答案】（1）C（2）D（3）A（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，提供了幾種節(jié)省游玩花費(fèi)的方式。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)Roadtrip部分中的"Tolearnmore,visit」可知，如果要了解motorhomes的相關(guān)信息可以瀏覽此網(wǎng)站。故選C。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)Backtonature部分中的"Ifyou'reacampingbeginner,beawareofsafetymeasuresandgetyourquestionsansweredontheInternet.“可知，如果你是首次露營(yíng)，要注意安全問(wèn)題，如果有疑問(wèn)一定要在網(wǎng)上問(wèn)清楚。故選D。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)Planahead部分中的"Findafewhotelsyoulike,askabouttheirvacantrooms,thenwaitafewweeksandcallagain.Iftheystillhaverooms,you'reatanadvantagetoaskforabetterprice.“可知，找到想預(yù)定的房間后，再等幾周進(jìn)行預(yù)定會(huì)節(jié)省不少費(fèi)用。故選A。（4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)Roadtrip部分中的"Forjust$1aday,youcanhireafully-equippedmotorhome,“一美元一天租用裝備完全的motorhome；Planahead部分中的"Iftheystillhaverooms,you'reatanadvantagetoaskforabetterprice.“用更少的錢預(yù)定房間；Backtonature部分中的”Wildcampingappealstonatureloversandcostsnothing”不花錢露營(yíng)；和Swapmeet部分中的”Fora$250yearlyjoiningcost,youcanstayinsomeone'shomeinaninternationalplaceofyourchoice”250美元一年交換房子居住?？芍?，本文的主要目的是介紹幾種可以花費(fèi)很低費(fèi)用的游玩方式。故選C?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇介紹類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。7．閱讀理解Accordingtoateamofresearchers,ananimal'sabilitytoperceive（感知）timeislinkedtotheirpaceoflife."Ourresultslendsupporttotheimportanceoftimeperceptioninanimalswheretheabilitytoperceivetimeinaveryshorttimemaybethedifferencebetweenlifeanddeathforfastmovingcreatures."commentedleadauthorKevinHealyfromTrinityCollegeDublin.Thestudywasdonewithavarietyofanimalsusingphenomenonbasedonthemaximumspeedofflashesoflightanindividualcanseebeforethelightsourceisseenasconstant.Dogs,forexample,haveeyeswitharefreshratehigherthanhumans.Oneexampleofthisphenomenonatwork,theauthorssay,isthehouseflyanditsabilitytoavoidbeinghit.Theresearchshowedflies"observemotioninashortertimethanourowneyescanachieve,"whichallowsthemtoavoidbeinghit.ProfessorGraemeRuxtonoftheUniversityofStAndrewsinScotland,whoworkedjointlyontheresearchproject,saidinastatement,"Havingeyesthatsendupdatestothebrainatmuchhigherfrequenciesthanoureyesdoisofnovalueifthebraincannotprocessthatinformationequallyquickly.Thus,thisworkhighlightstheimpressiveabilitiesofeventhesmallestanimalbrains.Fliesmightnotbedeepthinkers,buttheycanmakegooddecisionsveryquickly."Incomparison,thetigerbeetle（虎甲蟲）runsfasterthanitseyescankeepup,basicallybecomingblind,whichrequiresittostopperiodicallytore-evaluateitsprey's（獵物）position.Ourresultssuggestthattimeperceptionoffersanasyetunstudieddimensionalongwhichanimalscanspecializeandthereisconsiderablerangetostudythissysteminmoredetail.（1）Whatistheresearchmentionedinthepassagemainlyabout？A.Paceoflifeofanimals. B.Impressiveabilitiesofanimals.C.Lifetimeofsmallanimals. D.Timeperceptionofanimals.（2）WhatdoesKevinHealy'scommentmeaninPara.2？Thesurvivaloffastmovinganimalsreliesontheirabilitytoperceivetime.Animalswithquickerpaceoflifehavebetterperceptionoftime.Theabilityofanimalstoperceivetimedependsontheirhighmovingspeed.Animalswithpoorabilityoftimeperceptionhaveashorterlife.（3）Whycanhousefliesavoidbeinghit?Theycanthinkverydeeplybeforetheyact.Theycanprocesstheinformationasquicklyastheyreceiveit.Theycanflymuchfasterthantheireyescankeepup.Theycansendinformationtobrainmorequicklythantotheireyes.（4）Whatwillatigerbeetlehavetodotocatchamovingprey?Slowdowntogainitstimeperception.B.Preventitselffrombecomingblind.C.Stopoccasionallytospotthepreyagain.D.Trytorunasfastasitcan.【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）B（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了對(duì)動(dòng)物時(shí)間感知的研究。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“Accordingtoateamofresearchers,ananimal'sabilitytoperceive（感知）timeislinkedtotheirpaceoflife.”可知，據(jù)一組研究人員稱，動(dòng)物感知時(shí)間的能力與它們的生活節(jié)奏有關(guān)，由此可知，文中提到的這個(gè)研究是關(guān)于動(dòng)物的時(shí)間感知的，故選D。（2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“theimportanceoftimeperceptioninanimalswheretheabilitytoperceivetimeinaveryshorttimemaybethedifferencebetweenlifeanddeathforfastmovingcreatures.”可知，對(duì)于能快速移動(dòng)的動(dòng)物而言，在極短的時(shí)間內(nèi)感知時(shí)間的能力可能是生與死的區(qū)別，由此可知，KevinHealy說(shuō)的意思是快速移動(dòng)的動(dòng)物的生存依賴于它們對(duì)時(shí)間的感知能力，故選A。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的“Theresearchshowedflies/observemotioninashortertimethanourowneyescanachieve，/whichallowsthemtoavoidbeinghit.”可知，家蠅觀察物體運(yùn)動(dòng)的時(shí)間比我們?nèi)搜鬯苓_(dá)到的時(shí)間要短，這使得它們能夠避免被擊中；再結(jié)合第五段中的“buttheycanmakegooddecisionsveryquickly."可知，它們可以很快做出好的決定，也就是說(shuō)它們可以盡快處理收到的信息，故選B。（4）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“thetigerbeetle（虎甲蟲）runsfasterthanitseyescankeepup，basicallybecomingblind，whichrequiresittostopperiodicallytore-evaluateitsprey's（獵物）position〃可知，虎甲蟲的移動(dòng)比眼睛快，基本上是盲目的，這就要求它不時(shí)地停下來(lái)，重新評(píng)估獵物的位置，由此可知，為了抓住移動(dòng)的獵物，虎甲蟲需要不時(shí)地停下來(lái)確定獵物的位置，故選C?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。8．閱讀理解Theageofadulthoodisbydefinitionarbitrary.Ifeveryonematuredatthesame,fixedrate,itwouldn'tbeahumanprocess.Indeed,maturationhappensatvaryingspeedsacrossdifferentcategorieswithinthesameindividual,soI'dsayIwaseasilyoldenoughtovoteat16,butnobodyshouldhavegivenmeacreditcarduntilIwas32,andI'vegotthecountycourtjudgmenttoproveit.However,webroadlyagreethatthere'sadifferencebetweenachildandanadult,evenifwemightargueaboutthetransitionpoint.SothepoliticaltheoristDavidRunciman'sviewthatsix-year-oldsshouldbeallowedtovotegoesagainstanystandardargumentabouttheageofcivicresponsibility.Nobodywouldsaythatasix-year-oldcouldbeheldcriminallyresponsible,couldbesenttowar,couldbecapableofconsent,couldbegivenresponsibilityforanything.Soallowingthemthevote—alongwith,unavoidably,seven-year-oldswhoareevensillier,ifanything—isquiteanamusingproposal.Runciman'sargumentisthatthisistheonlywaytorebalancepoliticallife,whichiscurrentlytwistedinfavoroftheold,whodon't（headded）everneedtodemonstratementalcapacity,evenlongafterthey'velostit.Thefirstpartofhiscaseisself-evident:pensionsareprotectedwhilechildren'scentersareclosed,conceptssuchassovereignty（最高權(quán)威）areprioritizedoverthefarmoreurgentbusinessofthefuture:climatechange.Nostalgia（懷念）forapasttheyoungwouldn'tevenrecognizeplaysacentralrole,whichiscompletelyunfair.Mostoftheargumentsagainstgivingsix-year-oldsavotearethatchildrenwouldendupvotingforsomethingdamagingandchaotic,ifsomeonemadeunrealisticpromisestothem,whichcouldneverberealized.Well,it'snotchildren'sfault.Havingsaidthat,childrendotendtowardstheprogressive,havinganaturalsenseofjustice（whichkicksinattheageofsixmonths,psychologistshaveshown,bycreatingscenesofgreatunfairnesstobabies,andmakingthemcry）andanunderdevelopedsenseofself-interest.Mykid,whenhewassix,madequiteaforcefulcaseagainstprivateproperty,onthebasisthat,sinceeverybodyneededahouse,theyshouldn'tcostmoney,becausenobodywouldwantanyoneelsenottohaveone.Also,foodshouldbefree.Itwasakindofpre-Marxcommunism,whereyoulimitthecoverageofthemarkettoonlythosethingsthatyouwouldn'tmindsomeoneelsenothaving.Onthatparticularday,whenwewereregisteredasvoters,mykidwasquitefartotheleftofme,butinthenormalrunofthings,we'reunited,whichbringsustothepointoftheproblem:childrenobeyyouonalmostnothing,buttheydoseemtobelieveinyourpoliticsuntilthey'readolescent.Sogivingkidsthevoteisreallyjustawayofgivingparentsextravotes.Andwhatcanstopushavingevenmorechildren,oncethere'ssomuchenfranchisement（選舉權(quán)）initforus?Now,ifparentscouldbetrustedtousetheirinfluencewisely,andhammerintochildrenthepoliticsitwilltaketoassureabetterfuture,thenIwouldn'tnecessarilyhaveaproblemwiththat,apartfrom,obviously,thatcultureisalreadywildlytwistedtowardsparents,andIcanimagineafewnon-parentsboilingwithfierceanger