單片機(jī)外文翻譯

單片機(jī)外文翻譯河北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）外文資料翻譯院（系）:信息科學(xué)與技術(shù)學(xué)院專業(yè):電子信息科學(xué)與技術(shù)姓名:李洋學(xué)號(hào):2007234020316外文出處:frominternetStructureandfunctionoftheMCS-51series附件:1.外文資料翻譯譯文,2.外文原文。完成日期:2011年3月1日1.外文資料翻譯譯文:51系列單片機(jī)的結(jié)構(gòu)和功能51系列單片機(jī)是英特爾公司生產(chǎn)的具有一定結(jié)構(gòu)和功能的單片機(jī)產(chǎn)品。這家公司在1976年引入8位MCS-48系列單片機(jī)后，于1980年又推出了8位高檔的MCS-51系列，8031，8751，80C51BH，80C31BH等，單片機(jī)。它包含很多種這類型的單片機(jī)，如8051它們的基本組成，基本性能和指令系統(tǒng)都是一樣的。一般情況習(xí)慣用8051來代表51系列單片機(jī)。一個(gè)單片機(jī)的系統(tǒng)是由以下幾部分組成:（1）一個(gè)8位CPU微處理器。（2）靜態(tài)隨機(jī)存取存儲(chǔ)器，能夠儲(chǔ)存程序運(yùn)行過程中產(chǎn)生的數(shù)據(jù)。（3）程序存儲(chǔ)器ROM/EPROM中（4KB/8KB），用來保存程序和一些初始數(shù)據(jù)。但是在一些單片機(jī)中不使用ROM/EPROM中，如8031，8032，80c系列等。（4）4個(gè)8排的I/O并行接口P0?P3,每個(gè)口可以用作輸入，也可以用作輸出。（5）2個(gè)定時(shí)器/計(jì)數(shù)器，每個(gè)定時(shí)器/計(jì)數(shù)器可設(shè)置計(jì)數(shù)用來計(jì)數(shù)外部事件，可以設(shè)置成常用的定時(shí)方式，并可以根據(jù)計(jì)算或結(jié)果控制單片機(jī)的運(yùn)行。（6）五個(gè)中斷源控制系統(tǒng)。（7）1個(gè)雙向串行I/。口的UART（通用異步接收器/發(fā)送器UART）,用于實(shí)現(xiàn)單片機(jī)的串行通信。（8）振蕩器和時(shí)鐘產(chǎn)生電路，需要外部電源的石英晶體微調(diào)電路，允許接在12V的振蕩頻率上。上述部分通過內(nèi)部數(shù)據(jù)總線連接。其中，CPU是單片機(jī)的核心，它是單片機(jī)的控制和指揮中心，ALU算數(shù)邏輯運(yùn)算單元可進(jìn)行算術(shù)運(yùn)算和邏輯運(yùn)算，由1個(gè)8暫時(shí)存儲(chǔ)器，和2個(gè)8位的累加器組成。Acc累加器是ALU運(yùn)算結(jié)果的存放單元，一般數(shù)據(jù)通過它來傳送。此外，Acc往往被視為對(duì)8051內(nèi)的數(shù)據(jù)傳輸中轉(zhuǎn)站。和通常的微處理器一樣，它是最繁忙的寄存器。有記憶功能并執(zhí)行命令。該控制器包括程序計(jì)數(shù)器，可讀寫的存儲(chǔ)器，振蕩器和定時(shí)電路等。該程序計(jì)數(shù)器是有兩對(duì)8或16位計(jì)數(shù)器，它是一個(gè)字節(jié)地址計(jì)數(shù)器，在個(gè)人電腦運(yùn)行程序時(shí)，執(zhí)行下一個(gè)單元的內(nèi)容，程序執(zhí)行時(shí)可以改變它的內(nèi)容從而改變運(yùn)行的結(jié)果。在8051芯片震蕩電路中，需要外接石英晶體和微調(diào)電容，其頻率范圍為1.2MHz—12MHz。該脈沖信號(hào)，即為8051的工作周期，是最小的時(shí)間單位。8051和其他單片機(jī)一樣，都有相同的控制和功能，就像樂隊(duì)也有打擊樂器一樣。在8051中有ROM（程序存儲(chǔ)器，只能讀?。蚏AM（數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)器，可以讀和寫），他們有各自獨(dú)立的內(nèi)存地址空間，也有相同的處理方式。8051和8751的程序存儲(chǔ)器的存儲(chǔ)容量為4KB，地址從0000H開始，在使用過程中其中的數(shù)據(jù)不變。8051、8751、8031數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)器的內(nèi)存為128B，默認(rèn)地址是00FH，用于保存中間數(shù)據(jù)和緩存。在這128B的內(nèi)存中，有32byteses，被稱作工作寄存器，和常用的微處理器不同的是，8051的RAM是按功能來劃分模塊的。MCS-51系列單片機(jī)和一般電腦的處理方式不同。一般電腦會(huì)自動(dòng)分配地址空間，ROM和RAM的計(jì)算機(jī)可以安排在不同的空間內(nèi)，地址范圍會(huì)根據(jù)ROM和RAM的位置分配不同地址空間。在訪問的內(nèi)存，不管是ROM和RAM,只有一個(gè)地址對(duì)應(yīng)一個(gè)內(nèi)存單元，都要按這個(gè)順序訪問。這種內(nèi)存結(jié)構(gòu)是所謂的普林斯頓結(jié)構(gòu)。8051的存儲(chǔ)器按物理結(jié)構(gòu)劃分可分為程序存儲(chǔ)器空間和數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)空間，共有四個(gè)內(nèi)存空間，按結(jié)構(gòu)位置的不同分為內(nèi)部程序存儲(chǔ)空間、外部程序存儲(chǔ)空間、內(nèi)部數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)空間和外部數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)空間。但從用戶的使用角度看，8051存儲(chǔ)器地址空間被分成三類：（1）片內(nèi)，安排FFFFH的塊，片外的（使用16個(gè)地址）串口0000H地址。（2）外部數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)器地址空間為64KB，地址是從0000H到FFFFH（含16個(gè)地址）的位置排列也。（3）256B的數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)器（使用8個(gè)地址）的地址空間。上述三個(gè)重疊的內(nèi)存空間地址，用8051指令系統(tǒng)的傳輸不同的數(shù)據(jù)和使用的功能區(qū)分。CPU的訪問內(nèi)存時(shí)，訪問ROM使用MOVC語句，訪問RAM塊順序使用片外操作的MOVX語句，訪問內(nèi)存片段使用MOV語句。8051單片機(jī)有4個(gè)8并行的I/。端口，分別為P0，P1，P2和P3。每個(gè)端口是8位精確的雙向口，共占了32針。每一個(gè)I/O線可作為獨(dú)立的入口和出口。每個(gè)端口包括一個(gè)鎖存器（即特殊功能寄存器），一個(gè)出口驅(qū)動(dòng)器和引進(jìn)緩沖器。使數(shù)據(jù)能夠鎖存輸出，數(shù)據(jù)可以及時(shí)緩沖，其余四個(gè)具有相同的功能。接外部存儲(chǔ)擴(kuò)大它們的內(nèi)存時(shí)，這四個(gè)口就可作為雙向口常用的I/。口，這是，P2口看到高8位地址，P0口是一個(gè)公共兩用口，傳送輸出低8的地址和數(shù)據(jù)。P3口的輸出級(jí)別小于P1,可以在里面繪制負(fù)載電阻，每一個(gè)都能驅(qū)動(dòng)4個(gè)LS型TTL-P3負(fù)載輸出。作為輸入口時(shí)，所有TTL或NMOS電路都可以驅(qū)動(dòng)一個(gè)正常的方式8051口作為單片機(jī)的P1口?？梢岳酶淖冸娮璧妮敵龃笮。苯拥爻洚?dāng)震蕩開路，不需要添加外部電阻。其中每個(gè)口都是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的雙向口。當(dāng)在當(dāng)做輸入口時(shí)，必須把相應(yīng)的端口置1來鎖閉輸出。比如8051單片機(jī)，所有端口提供的輸出電流只能幾毫安，用作輸出口時(shí)接一個(gè)普通的晶體管，要穩(wěn)定使用，還要接一定電阻。其主要功能是把初始地址設(shè)為0000H，使單片機(jī)從0000H的地址開始運(yùn)行程序。除了正常進(jìn)入系統(tǒng)的初始化，由于操作失誤或操作過程錯(cuò)誤，也要能夠解決錯(cuò)誤，重新運(yùn)行。在8051中RST引腳是一個(gè)輸入復(fù)位鍵，復(fù)位鍵高電平信號(hào)有效，要保證24倍以上的時(shí)鐘周期（即2個(gè)機(jī)器周期）。如果收到高頻的6丫輸入信號(hào)，單片機(jī)就會(huì)復(fù)位。初始化時(shí)，需要兩部分外部電路。外部電路采用施密特觸發(fā)方式觸發(fā)了復(fù)位鍵（RST），形成了復(fù)位信號(hào)輸出電路，并把信號(hào)傳送到每個(gè)引腳，按順序到了復(fù)位引腳，就會(huì)迅速響應(yīng)信號(hào)指令。復(fù)位功能的可靠性，適合6V電壓的電容震蕩電路，復(fù)位信號(hào)的周期可以大于兩個(gè)機(jī)器周期。雖然復(fù)位電路的結(jié)構(gòu)很簡(jiǎn)單，但它的功能是非常重要的。一個(gè)單片機(jī)系統(tǒng)能否正常運(yùn)行，應(yīng)先檢查它有沒有正確的復(fù)位電路。檢查和檢測(cè)其發(fā)出信號(hào)，用示波器顯示時(shí)，結(jié)合復(fù)位電路很重要，觀察波形時(shí)，輸出口（瞬時(shí)）的波動(dòng)范圍是很大的，也可以通過復(fù)位電路對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)進(jìn)行有必要的改變。.外文原文:StructureandfunctionoftheMCS-51seriesStructureandfunctionoftheMCS-51seriesone-chipcomputerMCS-51isanameofapiece2ofone-chipcomputerserieswhichIntelCompanyproduces.Thiscompanyintroduced8top-gradeone-chipcomputersofMCS-51seriesin1980afterintroducing8one-chipcomputersofMCS-48seriesin1976.Itbelongtoalotofkindsthislineofone-chipcomputerthechipshaVe,suchas8051,8031,8751,80C51BH,80C31BH,etc.,theirbasiccomposition,basicperformanceandinstructionsystemareallthesame.8051dailyrepresentatives-51serialone-chipcomputers.Anone-chipcomputersystemismadeupofseveralfollowingparts:(1)Onemicroprocessorof8(CPU).(2)AtslicedatamemoryRAM(128B/256B),itusenotdeposittingnotcanreading/datathatwrite,suchasresultnotmiddleofoperation,finalresultanddatawantedtoshow,etc.(3)ProcedurememoryROM/EPROM(4KB/8KB),isusedtopreservetheprocedure,someinitialdataandforminslice.ButdoesnottakeROM/EPROMwithinsomeone-chipcomputers,suchas8031,8032,80C,etc..(4)Four8runsidebysideI/OinterfaceP0fourP3,eachmouthcanuseasintroduction,mayuseasexportingtoo.(5)Twotimer/counter,eachtimer/countermaysetupandcountintheway,usedtocounttotheexternalincident,cansetupintoatimingwaytoo,andcanaccordingtocountorresultoftimingrealizethecontrolofthecomputer.(6)Fivecutoffcuttingoffthecontrolsystemofthesource.(7)OneallduplexingserialI/OmouthofUART(universalasynchronousreceiver/transmitter(UART)),isitrealizeone-chipcomputerorone-chipcomputerandserialcommunicationofcomputertousefor.(8)Stretchoscillatorandclockproducecircuit,quartzcrystalfinelytuneelectriccapacityneedouter.Allowoscillationfrequencyas12megahertasnowatmost.Everytheabove-mentionedpartwasjoinedthroughtheinsidedatabus.Amongthem,CPUisacoreoftheone-chipcomputer,itisthecontrolofthecomputerandcommandcentre,madeupofsuchpartsasarithmeticunitandcontroller,etc..Thearithmeticunitcancarryon8personsofarithmeticoperationandunitALUoflogicoperationwhileincludingone,the1storingdevicetemporariliesof8,storingdevice2temporarily,8'saccumulationdeviceACC,registerBandprocedurestateregisterPSW,etc.PersonwhoaccumulateACCcountby2inputendsenteredofcheckingetc.temporarilyasoneoperationoften,comefrompersonwhostore1operationisitisitmakeoperationtogoontocounttemporarily,operationresultandloopbackACCwithanotherone.Inaddition,ACCisoftenregardedasthetransferstationofdatatransmissionon8051inside.Thesameasgeneralmicroprocessor,itisthebusiestregister.HelprememberingthatagreeingwithAexpressesintheorder.Thecontrollerincludestheprocedurecounter,theorderisdepositted,theorderdecipher,theoscillatorandtimingcircuit,etc.Theprocedurecounterismadeupofcounterof8fortwo,amountsto16.Itisabyteaddresscounteroftheprocedureinfact,thecontentisthenextIAthatwillcarriedoutinPC.Thecontentwhichchangesitcanchangethedirectionthattheprocedurecarriesout.Shakethecircuitin8051one-chipcomputers,onlyneedouter3quartzcrystalandfrequencytofinelytunetheelectriccapacity,itsfrequencyrangeisits12MHZof1.2MHZ.Thispulsesignal,as8051basicbeatsofworking,namelytheminimumunitoftime.8051isthesameasothercomputers,theworkinharmonyunderthecontrolofthebasicbeat,justlikeanorchestraaccordingtothebeatplaythatiscommanded.ThereareROM(procedurememory,canonlyread)andRAMin8051slices(datamemory,canisitcanwrite)twotoread,theyhaveeachindependentmemoryaddressspace,disposewaytobethesamewithgeneralmemoryofcomputer.Procedure8051memoryand8751sliceprocedurememorycapacity4KB,addressbeginfrom0000H,usedforpreservingtheprocedureandformconstant.Data8051-87518031ofmemorydatamemory128B,addressfalse00FH,useformiddleresulttodepositoperation,thedataarestoredtemporarilyandthedataarebufferedetc..InRAMofthis128B,thereisunitof32bytesesthatcanbeappointedasthejobregister,thisandgeneralmicroprocessorisdifferent,8051sliceRAMandjobregisterrankoneformationthesametoarrangethelocation.ItisnotverythesamethatthememoryofMCS-51seriesone-chipcomputerandgeneralcomputerdisposesthewayinaddition.Generalcomputerforfirstaddressspace,ROMandRAMcanarrangeindifferentspacewithintherangeofthisaddressatwill,namelytheaddressesofROMandRAM,withdistributingdifferentaddressspaceinaformation.Whilevisitingthememory,correspondingandonlyanaddressMemoryunit,canROM,itcanbeRAMtoo,andbyvisitingtheordersimilarly.ThiskindofmemorystructureiscalledthestructureofPrinceton.8051memoriesaredividedintoprocedurememoryspaceanddatamemoryspaceonthephysicsstructure,therearefourmemoryspacesinall:Theprocedurestoresinoneanddatamemoryspaceoutsidedatamemoryandoneinprocedurememoryspaceandoneoutsideone,thestructureformsofthiskindofproceduredeviceanddatamemoryseparatedformdatamemory,calledHarvardstructure.Butusetheanglefromusers,8051memoryaddressspaceisdividedintothreekinds:(1)Intheslice,arrangeblocksofFFFFH,0000Hoflocation,inunisonoutsidetheslice(use16addresses).(2)Thedatamemoryaddressspaceoutsideoneof64KB,theaddressisarrangedfrom0000H64KBFFFFH(with16addresses)tootothelocation.(3)Datamemoryaddressspaceof256B(use8addresses).Threeabove-mentionedmemoryspaceaddressesoverlap,fordistinguishinganddesigningtheordersymbolofdifferentdatatransmissionintheinstructionsystemof8051:CPUvisitslice,ROMorderspendMOVC,visitblockRAMorderusesMOVXoutsidetheslice,RAMorderusesMOVtovisitinslice.8051one-chipcomputerhavefour8walkabreastI/Oport,callP0,P1,P2andP3.Eachportis8accuratetwo-waymouths,accountsfor32pinsaltogether.EveryoneI/Olinecanbeusedasintroductionandexportedindependently.Eachportincludesalatch(namelyspecialfunctionregister),oneexportsthedriverandaintroductionbuffer.Makedatacanlatchwhenoutputting,4datacanbufferwhenmakingintroduction,butfourfunctionofpasswaytheseself-same.Expandamongthesystemofmemoryoutsidehavingslice,fourportthesemayserveasaccuratetwo-waymouthofI/Oincommonuse.Expandamongthesystemofmemoryoutsidehavingslice,P2mouthseehigh8addressoff;P0mouthisatwo-waybus,sendtheintroductionof8lowaddressesanddata/exportintimesharingOutputgrade,P3ofmouth,P1ofP1,connectwithinsidehaveloadresistanceofdrawing,everyoneoftheycandrive4ModelLSTTLloadtooutput.Aswhileinputtingthemouth,anyTTLorNMOScircuitcandriveP1of8051one-chipcomputersasP3mouthinanormalway.Becausedrawresistanceonoutputgradeofthemhave,canopenawaycollectortooordrain-sourceresistanceisiturgetoopenaway,donotneedtohavetheresistanceofdrawingouterly.Mouthsareallaccuratetwo-waymouthstoo.Whentheconductisinput,mustwritethecorrespondingportlatchwith1first.Asto80C51one-chipcomputer,portcanonlyoffermilliampereofoutputelectriccurrents,isitoutputmouthgowhenurgingoneordinarybasingoftransistortoregardas,shouldcontactaresistanceamongtheportandtransistorbase,inordertotheelectricitywhilerestrainingthehighlevelfromexportingP1~P3Beingrestoredtothethroneistheoperationofinitializingofanone-chipcomputer.ItsmainfunctionistoturnPCinto0000Hinitially,maketheone-chipcomputerbegintoholdtheconductprocedurefromunit0000H.Exceptthattheonesthatenterthesystemareinitializednormally,asbecauseprocedureoperateitmakemistakesoroperatetherearen'tmistake,inordertoextricateoneselffromapredicament,needtobepressedandrestoredtothethronethekeyrestartingtoo.Itisaninputendwhichisrestoredtothethronethesignalin8051ChinaRSTpin.Restoretothethronesignalhighleveleffective,shouldsustain24shakecycle(namely2machinecycles)theaboveitseffectivetimes.If6offrequencyofutilizationbrillianttoshake,restoretothethronesignaldurationshouldexceed4delicatetofinishrestoringtothethroneandoperating.Producethelogicpictureofcircuitwhichisrestoredtothethronethesignal:Restoretothethronethecircuitandincludetwopartsoutsideinthechipentirely.Outsidethatcircuitproducetorestoretothethronesignal(RST)handovertoSchmitt'strigger,restoretothethronecircuitsampletooutput,SchmittoftriggerconstantlyineachS5P2,machineofcycleinhavingonemore,thenjustgotandrestoredtothethroneandoperatedthenecessarysignalinsidly.Restoretothethroneresistanceofcircuitgenerally,electriccapacityparametersuitablefor6brillianttoshake,canisitrestoretothethronesignalhighleveldurationgreaterthan2machinecyclestoguarantee.Beingrestoredtothethroneinthecircuitissimple,itsfunctionisveryimportant.Piecesofone-chipcomputersystemcouldnormalrunning,shouldfirstcheckitcanrestoretothethronenotsucceeding.Checkingandcanpopone'sheadandmonitorthepinwiththeoscillographtentatively,pushandisrestoredtothethronethekey,the5waveformthatobservesandhasenoughrangeisexported(instantaneous),canalsothroughisitrestoretothethronecircuitgroupholdingvaluecarryontheexperimenttochange.Withthecostantgrowingconsumptionoffossilenergy,globalenergycrisisandenvironmentalproblemshavebecomemoreandmoreacute.Amongvariousgreenrenewableenergyresources,solarenergyhasdrawntheattentionfromthescientificcirclesofvariouscountriesduetoitsuniqueadvantagessuchasbountlessstoragecontent,cleanessandsafety,andeasinesstoobtain.Inparticular,theapplicationofsolarphotovoltaictechnologyhasbecomeauniversalfocus.Chinahasrelativelyscarcefossilenergyresourceswhileahugeenergyconsumption.Therefore,theresearchandapplicationofsolarphotovoltaictechnologyhasimportantstrategicmeaningforthefutureeconomicdevelopmentofChina.Abasicsolarphotovoltaicsystemisgenerallycomposedofsolarpanels,storagebatteries,DC(directcurrent)controlsystemandinverters,amongwhich,DCcontrolsystemisthecentralpartofthesolarphotovoltaicsystem.隨著化石能源消耗的不斷增長(zhǎng)，世界性的能源危機(jī)和環(huán)境問題已經(jīng)日益突出。在綠色可再生能源中，太陽能憑借其存儲(chǔ)量無限、清潔安全以及易于獲取等獨(dú)特優(yōu)點(diǎn)而受到了世界各國科研領(lǐng)域的普遍關(guān)注，太陽能光伏發(fā)電技術(shù)的應(yīng)用更是普遍關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)。我國化石能源相對(duì)貧乏而能源消耗量巨大，因此展開對(duì)太陽能光伏發(fā)電技術(shù)的研究和應(yīng)用上的普及對(duì)我國未來的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展有著非常重要的戰(zhàn)略意義。一套基本的光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)一般由太陽能電池板、蓄電池、直流控制系統(tǒng)和逆變器組成。其中，直流控制系統(tǒng)是光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的核心部分。本課題的主要內(nèi)容包括太陽能光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展和應(yīng)用，太陽能光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的分類，太陽能光伏電池和蓄電池的選型，直流控制系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)，太陽能電池最大功率點(diǎn)的跟蹤設(shè)置，逆變器容量的確定及電路設(shè)計(jì)，三相變壓器及交流配電系統(tǒng)的設(shè)置。關(guān)鍵詞:太陽能光伏發(fā)電;光伏電池;直流控制系統(tǒng);交流配電系統(tǒng)6Themajorcontentofthissubjectincludesthedevelopmentandapplicationofthesolarphotovoltaicsystem,theclassificationofthesolarphotovoltaicsystem,solarphotovoltaiccells,thedesignofDC(directcurrent)controlsystem,settingsofmaximumpowerpointtracking,circuitdesignanddeterminationofthecapacityoftheinverter,andthesettingsofthree-phasetransformerandtheAC(alternatingcurrent)distributionsystem.Keywords:solarphotovoltaicpower,photovoltaiccells,DC(directcurrent)controlsystem,AC(alternatingcurrent)distributionsystemProspects:根據(jù)我國路燈照明現(xiàn)狀，小城市在晚上9點(diǎn)后，大中城市在凌晨2點(diǎn)以后，道路上行人、車輛已逐漸稀少。AccordingtothestatusquoofChina'sstreetlighting,smallcitiesinthe21o'clock,thelargeandmediumcitiesin2:00later,theroadtopedestrians,vehicleshavebeengraduallyscarce.從這一時(shí)段直至清晨6點(diǎn)，在如此低交通流量的道路上仍然保持較高照度顯然沒有必要。Fromthistimeuntil6am,atsuchalowtrafficroadisstillclearthatthereisnoneedtomaintainahighillumination.據(jù)了解，城市公共照明在我國照明耗電中占30,的比例，約439億卜亞^以平均電價(jià)0(65元,kWh計(jì)算，一年開支285億元。ItisunderstoodthatthecitypubliclightinglightingpowerconsumptioninChinaaccountedfor30%oftheproportionofabout43.9billionkWh,withanaverageprice0.65yuan/kWhcalculation,theannualexpenditureof28.5billion.在市政開支極度緊張的今天，國內(nèi)絕大部分的城市和地區(qū)幾乎不約而同地采用了的路燈隔盞關(guān)燈的省錢方法，不僅導(dǎo)致了路面照度分布不均，給治安及交通安全埋下了隱患，而且后半夜電網(wǎng)電壓升高對(duì)路燈壽命造成損害，每年需更換大量燈具,因此不能稱作是真正意義上的節(jié)能。Extremetensioninthemunicipalspendingtoday,thevastmajorityofcitiesandregionsofChinaisalmostinvariablyusedinstreetlightstosavemoneyeveryothermethodoflights,notonlyledtotheunevendistributionofsurfaceillumination,givinglawandorderandtrafficsafetylayahiddendanger,andlateatnightonthestreetlifeofmainsvoltageincreasesdamagecausedbytheneedtoreplacealargenumberoflampseveryyearandthereforecannotbecalledarealsenseofenergysavings.節(jié)能是在保證照明效果下點(diǎn)著燈節(jié)電。Energy-savinglightingeffectsareguaranteedunderthepointofthepower-savinglamps.以上智能控制的主要優(yōu)點(diǎn)是大幅降低了耗電，節(jié)約耗電達(dá)40%以上，避免了隔盞關(guān)燈的隱患。Themainadvantageoftheaboveintelligentcontrolistodramaticallyreducethepowerconsumption,savepowerconsumptionupto40%ormoretoavoidthelightsofthehiddencompartmentlights.對(duì)于推廣高效、節(jié)能智能照明器具，配合照明實(shí)際情況有效進(jìn)行光能利用，節(jié)約照明用電具有極其深遠(yuǎn)的意義。Forthepromotionofefficientandintelligentenergy-savinglightingappliances,lightingtheactualsituationwiththe7effectiveuseofsolarenergy,savinglightingelectricitywithextremelyfar-reachingsignificance.[編輯本段][Editthisparagraph]原理:Principle:智能型路燈充分考慮了城市道路照明的實(shí)際狀況，采用單片機(jī)控制技術(shù)對(duì)路燈照度進(jìn)行動(dòng)態(tài)智能化管理，實(shí)現(xiàn)路燈人性化。Intelligentstreetfullconsiderationtotheactualsituationofurbanroadlighting,usingmicrocomputercontroltechnologyfordynamicilluminationofthelampsintelligentmanagement,anduser-friendlystreet.由于LED路燈具有其它路燈所沒有的瞬態(tài)響應(yīng)極快的特性，電路上極易實(shí)現(xiàn)使用KHZ級(jí)的脈寬調(diào)制(PWM)方式對(duì)LED路燈的亮滅進(jìn)行占空比調(diào)節(jié)，(例如1ms內(nèi)亮0.5ms亮0.5ms滅此時(shí)其亮度為全亮?xí)r的50%)即調(diào)節(jié)了整體燈具亮度。AswiththeotherlightsareLEDlightsdonothavefasttransientresponsecharacteristics,circuiteasilyachievedusingtheKHZ-levelpulse-widthmodulation(PWM)modetothebrightLEDlightstoeliminateduty-cycleregulator,(forexampl