高考英語(yǔ)名詞專項(xiàng)練習(xí)之精選及論大學(xué)生寫(xiě)作能力

.高考英語(yǔ)短文改錯(cuò)及語(yǔ)法填空考點(diǎn)分析及訓(xùn)練·名詞考點(diǎn)規(guī)律分析：短文改錯(cuò)的名詞考點(diǎn)主要涉及名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)問(wèn)題，即在該用復(fù)數(shù)的地方誤用其單數(shù)，或在該用單數(shù)的地方誤用其復(fù)數(shù)。此外，還常考名詞的所有格、名詞與其他詞類之間的轉(zhuǎn)換等。語(yǔ)法填空主要考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)以及名詞與其他詞類之間的轉(zhuǎn)換。名詞單句改錯(cuò)之真題訓(xùn)練：1.Westoppedtorestforawhileandtodrinksomewatersfromastream.2.Weclimbeverywhere,notonlyinAmerica.WehavebeentoEuropemanytime.3.Therearebranchlibraryinmanyvillages.4.Ihopethatyoutwocouldcomeandvisitussometimessoon.5.TodayIvisitedtheSmiths—myfirsttimevisittoanAmericanfamily.6.TheywereeagertoknoweverythingaboutChinaandaskedmelotsofquestion.7.Westudyquiteafewsubject,suchasmaths,Chinese,Englishandphysics.8.…andoftenwatchfootballmatchonTVtogether.9.Happybirthday,Peter,andmanyhappyreturnoftheday!10.Shesaidthatsheandmyschoolmateallwishedmesuccess.11.Iusedtolovescienceclass—allofthem—biology,chemistry,geography,physics.12.Theydidnotwantmetodoanyworkatfamily.13.…sothatI’llgetgoodmarksinallmysubject.14.OnthewayupIwasbusytakingpicturesincethescenerywassobeautiful.15.Nooneworriesmuchabouttheradioprogramyoungpeoplelistento.16.Theirwordwereagreatencouragementtome.17.Youknow,thatwasadinnerwehadwaitedforseveralmonth.”18.…butafterclasswebecomestrangeratonce.19.YoucanfindallkindsofinformationinjustafewminuteontheInternet.20.Nowadaysmillionsofpeopleofallagetakepleasureinahobby…21.ShewasdoingherhomeworksoneSundaymorningwhen…22.Withoutenoughknowledges,youcanneverteachwell.23..Theairswebreatheisgettingdirtieranddirtier.名詞單句改錯(cuò)之模擬訓(xùn)練：1.Womenlivelongerthanmeninmostcountry.2.Thefilmisveryinteresting.Ihaveseenitmanytime.3.It’ssaidthatallthetickethavebeensoldout.4.ThechildrenspendalotoftimeswatchingTV.5.Imetalotofinterestingpeoplesonholiday.6.Theflowerintheparkwereallpleasing.7.Asthedaywentby,shebecamelessanxious.8.Computerarebecomingmoreandmorepopularinthecountry.9.It’soneofthemostinterestingbookthatI’veeverread.10.HemadehisfirsttimevisittoChinawhenhewas18.11.Hearingthenews,thewomanburstintotear.12.Hehasn’tlivedherelong,buthehasagreatmanyfriendhere.13.IwasafraidshewouldhaveleftforfamilywhenIgotthere.14.He’sgettingmarriednextmonthanddecidestobuysomefurnitures.15.There’sapaper’sfactorynearourschool.名詞單句改錯(cuò)之提升訓(xùn)練：A級(jí)1.Fromthenon,webecamegoodfriendandoftenplayedtogether.2.BothMarxandEngelswereGermen.3.Didyoutaketheiradvicesyesterday?4.Mostofthemarewomandoctors.5.Wecanhavefunsattheseasidethisweekend.6.Therearefourbasketsofappleinthatroom.7.Thiscomputercostmeeightthousandsyuan.8.Tomlookshappytoday.He’sgotmanygoodnewsfromhere.9.Thishatofmyfatherisratherold.10.Hemademanymistakeintheexambecauseofcarelessness.11.Iwenttoanearbyfoodstoretobuysomebreadsthismorning.12.Iameighteenyearoldnow.13.Ihavecaringteachersandfriendlyclassmateinmyclass.14.Asstudent,Iwillstudyhardandtrytopasstheexam.15.Nowadays,wecangetmanyinformationontheinternet.B級(jí)1.Willyoupleasemakearoomfortheladyoutside?2.Thenumberofthestudentsinourschoolareincreasing.3.ShehasmadesomeprogressesinEnglish.4.Hisworkisbetterthananyoneelse.5.We'vemissedthelastbus.I'mafraidwehavenochoicesbuttotakeataxi.6.Hedroppedthecoffee'scupandbrokeit.7.Hegainedhiswealthsbyprintingworksoffamouswriters.8.Mybrotherhashadoneofhistoothtakenout.9.You'llfindthismapofgreatvaluableinhelpingyoutogetroundLondon.10.Whatabeautifulweatherwearehavingrecently!11.Tablesaremadeofwoods.12.It’simpossibleforsofewworkerstodosomanyworkinasingleday.13.Whathappenedtoyourvoices?Whycouldn’twehearyou?14.WhatalotofworksIhavetofinishtoday!15.Atmealtimes，somecustomerhavetowaitoutsidetherestaurant.16.Asawriter，heissuccessbecausehehaswrittenmanygreatworks.名詞單句語(yǔ)法填空之真題訓(xùn)練：1.Chengduhasdozensofnewmillionaires,Asia’sbiggestbuilding,andfancynewhotels.Butfortouristslikeme,pandasareitstop______________(attract)．2.Thenurseryteamswitcheshimeveryfew______________(day)withhissister.3.Handlethemostimportanttasksfirstsoyou’llfeelarealsenseof______________(achieve)．4.Recent_____________(study)showthatwearefarmoreproductiveatworkifwetakeshortbreaksregularly.5.Visitinganappleeventisagoodchancetosee,andoftentaste,awidevarietyof______________(apple)．6.Althoughthese______________(measure)arenoteffectiveforever,theyarevitalfornow.7.Thecollegeyearsaresupposedtobeatimeforimportant______________(grow)inautonomy(自主性)andthedevelopmentofadultidentity.8.The________(life)ofthesepeoplehavefinallybeenrecordedthankstotheeffectsofaFrenchmanfromPariscalledGin.9.Theweather______________(effect)bothgoodandbad,arefeltinmanyplaces.10.Someschoolswillhavetomake___________(adjust)inagreementwiththenationalsoccerreform.11.—GoandsaysorrytoyourMom,Dave.—I'dliketo,butI'mafraidshewon'tbehappywithmy______________(apologize)．12.Oneofthemosteffectivewaystoreduce________(stressful)istotalkaboutfeelingswithsomeoneyoutrust.13.Whenhewasrunningafterhisbrother,theboylosthis______________(balanced)andhadabadfall.14.Thereisnoneedtotellmeyouranswernow.Giveitsome______________(think)andthenletmeknow.15.—Whynotbuyasecond-handcarfirstifyoudon'thaveenoughmoneyforanewone?—That'sagood_______________(suggest)．16.Her______________(motivate)forwritingwasadesireforwomentogettherighttohighereducation.名詞單句語(yǔ)法填空之模擬訓(xùn)練：1.Antsaregatheringintheirwinterfoodinthemiddleofsummerandmake___________(prepare)forthelongcoldwinter.2.Withgreat______________(satisfy)，hesoonfellasleep.3.It'sstillausefulandpleasantformof_____________(communicate)．4.Ihadno____________(choose)buttoprepareforit,though.5.Thestudentswithhobbiesleftschoolwithmanyextra_____________(skill)．6.Ontheotherhand,chopsticksreflect_____________(gentle)andkindness.7.Soaremostofthe___________(express)madewiththewordhot.8.Actuallywecanencourageourselvestoworkefficiently,fullof______________(determine)．9.Inamedthem“cookies”becauseIalwaysfeelthatchildrencanbringgreathappinessand___________(excite)tomylife.10.The________(change)aregradualandrequirealotofeffortsandwork，likecleaningupapollutedriver.

論大學(xué)生寫(xiě)作能力寫(xiě)作能力是對(duì)自己所積累的信息進(jìn)行選擇、提取、加工、改造并將之形成為書(shū)面文字的能力。積累是寫(xiě)作的基礎(chǔ)，積累越厚實(shí)，寫(xiě)作就越有基礎(chǔ)，文章就能根深葉茂開(kāi)奇葩。沒(méi)有積累，胸?zé)o點(diǎn)墨，怎么也不會(huì)寫(xiě)出作文來(lái)的。寫(xiě)作能力是每個(gè)大學(xué)生必須具備的能力。從目前高校整體情況上看，大學(xué)生的寫(xiě)作能力較為欠缺。一、大學(xué)生應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作能力的定義那么，大學(xué)生的寫(xiě)作能力究竟是指什么呢？葉圣陶先生曾經(jīng)說(shuō)過(guò)，“大學(xué)畢業(yè)生不一定能寫(xiě)小說(shuō)詩(shī)歌，但是一定要寫(xiě)工作和生活中實(shí)用的文章，而且非寫(xiě)得既通順又扎實(shí)不可?！睂?duì)于大學(xué)生的寫(xiě)作能力應(yīng)包含什么，可能有多種理解，但從葉圣陶先生的談話中，我認(rèn)為：大學(xué)生寫(xiě)作能力應(yīng)包括應(yīng)用寫(xiě)作能力和文學(xué)寫(xiě)作能力，而前者是必須的，后者是“不一定”要具備，能具備則更好。眾所周知，對(duì)于大學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō)，是要寫(xiě)畢業(yè)論文的，我認(rèn)為寫(xiě)作論文的能力可以包含在應(yīng)用寫(xiě)作能力之中。大學(xué)生寫(xiě)作能力的體現(xiàn)，也往往是在撰寫(xiě)畢業(yè)論文中集中體現(xiàn)出來(lái)的。本科畢業(yè)論文無(wú)論是對(duì)于學(xué)生個(gè)人還是對(duì)于院系和學(xué)校來(lái)說(shuō)，都是十分重要的。如何提高本科畢業(yè)論文的質(zhì)量和水平，就成為教育行政部門(mén)和高校都很重視的一個(gè)重要課題。如何提高大學(xué)生的寫(xiě)作能力的問(wèn)題必須得到社會(huì)的廣泛關(guān)注，并且提出對(duì)策去實(shí)施解決。二、造成大學(xué)生應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作困境的原因：（一）大學(xué)寫(xiě)作課開(kāi)設(shè)結(jié)構(gòu)不合理。就目前中國(guó)多數(shù)高校的學(xué)科設(shè)置來(lái)看，除了中文專業(yè)會(huì)系統(tǒng)開(kāi)設(shè)寫(xiě)作的系列課程外，其他專業(yè)的學(xué)生都只開(kāi)設(shè)了普及性的《大學(xué)語(yǔ)文》課。學(xué)生寫(xiě)作能力的提高是一項(xiàng)艱巨復(fù)雜的任務(wù)，而我們的課程設(shè)置僅把這一任務(wù)交給了大學(xué)語(yǔ)文教師，可大學(xué)語(yǔ)文教師既要在有限課時(shí)時(shí)間內(nèi)普及相關(guān)經(jīng)典名著知識(shí)，又要適度提高學(xué)生的鑒賞能力，且要教會(huì)學(xué)生寫(xiě)作規(guī)律并提高寫(xiě)作能力，任務(wù)之重實(shí)難完成。（二）對(duì)實(shí)用寫(xiě)作的普遍性不重視?！按髮W(xué)語(yǔ)文”教育已經(jīng)被嚴(yán)重地“邊緣化”。目前對(duì)中國(guó)語(yǔ)文的態(tài)度淡漠，而是呈現(xiàn)出全民學(xué)英語(yǔ)的大好勢(shì)頭。中小學(xué)如此，大學(xué)更是如此。對(duì)我們的母語(yǔ)中國(guó)語(yǔ)文，在大學(xué)反而被漠視，沒(méi)有相關(guān)的課程的設(shè)置，沒(méi)有系統(tǒng)的學(xué)習(xí)實(shí)踐訓(xùn)練。這其實(shí)是國(guó)人的一種偏見(jiàn)。應(yīng)用寫(xiě)作有它自身的規(guī)律和方法。一個(gè)人學(xué)問(wèn)很大，會(huì)寫(xiě)小說(shuō)、詩(shī)歌、戲劇等，但如果不曉得應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作的特點(diǎn)和方法，他就寫(xiě)不好應(yīng)用文。（三）部分大學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)態(tài)度不端正。很多非中文專業(yè)的大學(xué)生對(duì)寫(xiě)作的學(xué)習(xí)和訓(xùn)練都只是集中在《大學(xué)語(yǔ)文》這一門(mén)課上，大部分學(xué)生只愿意被動(dòng)地接受大學(xué)語(yǔ)文老師所講授的文學(xué)經(jīng)典故事，而對(duì)于需要學(xué)生動(dòng)手動(dòng)腦去寫(xiě)的作文，卻是盡可能應(yīng)付差事，這樣勢(shì)必不能讓大學(xué)生的寫(xiě)作水平有所提高。（四）教師的實(shí)踐性教學(xué)不強(qiáng)。學(xué)生寫(xiě)作能力的提高是一項(xiàng)艱巨復(fù)雜的任務(wù)，但在教學(xué)中有不少教師過(guò)多注重理論知識(shí)，實(shí)踐性教學(xué)環(huán)節(jié)卻往往被忽視。理論講了一大堆，但是實(shí)踐卻幾乎沒(méi)有，訓(xùn)練也少得可憐。閱讀與寫(xiě)作都需要很強(qiáng)的實(shí)踐操作，學(xué)習(xí)理論固然必不可少，但是閱讀方法和寫(xiě)作技巧的掌握才是最重要的。由于以上的原因，我們的大學(xué)生的寫(xiě)作水平著實(shí)令人堪憂，那么如何走出這一困境，筆者提出一些建議，希望能對(duì)大學(xué)生寫(xiě)作水平的提高有所幫助。三、提高大學(xué)生應(yīng)用寫(xiě)作能力的對(duì)策（一）把《應(yīng)用寫(xiě)作》課設(shè)置為大學(xué)生的必修課。在中國(guó)的每一所大學(xué)，《應(yīng)用寫(xiě)作》應(yīng)該成為大學(xué)生的必修課。因?yàn)樵谶@個(gè)被某些人形容為實(shí)用主義、功利主義甚囂塵上的時(shí)代，也是個(gè)人生存競(jìng)爭(zhēng)最激烈的時(shí)代，人們比任何時(shí)代都更需要學(xué)會(huì)寫(xiě)作實(shí)用性的文章，比如職場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中的求職信，生活中的財(cái)經(jīng)文書(shū)、法律文書(shū)等，以提高個(gè)人的生存競(jìng)爭(zhēng)能力。（二）端正大學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)態(tài)度。首先，要讓大學(xué)生充分認(rèn)識(shí)到實(shí)用