土木工程英語證書(PEC)考試-結構力學詞匯

土木工程英語證書(PEC)考試-構造力學詞匯構造力學structuralmechanics構造分析structuralanalysis構造動力學structuraldynamics拱Arch三鉸拱three-hingedarch拋物線拱parabolicarch圓拱circulararch穹頂Dome空間構造spacestructure空間桁架spacetruss雪載[荷]snowload風載[荷]windload土壓力earthpressure地震載荷earthquakeloading彈簧支座springsupport支座位移supportdisplacement支座沉降supportsettlement超靜定次數(shù)degreeofindeterminacy機動分析kinematicanalysis結點法methodofjoints截面法methodofsections結點力jointforces共軛位移conjugatedisplacement影響線influenceline三彎矩方程three-momentequation單位虛力unitvirtualforce剛度系數(shù)stiffnesscoefficient柔度系數(shù)flexibilitycoefficient力矩分派momentdistribution力矩分派法momentdistributionmethod力矩再分派momentredistribution分派系數(shù)distributionfactor矩陣位移法matridisplacementmethod單元剛度矩陣elementstiffnessmatrix單元應變矩陣elementstrainmatrix總體坐標globalcoordinates貝蒂定理Bettitheorem高斯--若爾當消去法Gauss-JordaneliminationMethod屈曲模態(tài)bucklingmode復合材料力學mechanicsofcomposites復合材料compositematerial纖維復合材料fibrouscomposite單向復合材料unidirectionalcomposite泡沫復合材料foamedcomposite顆粒復合材料particulatecomposite層板Laminate夾層板sandwichpanel正交層板cross-plylaminate斜交層板angle-plylaminate層片Ply多胞固體cellularsolid膨脹Expansion壓實Debulk劣化Degradation脫層Delamination脫粘Debond纖維應力fiberstress層應力plystress層應變plystrain層間應力interlaminarstress比強度specificstrength強度折減系數(shù)strengthreductionfactor強度應力比strength-stressratio橫向剪切模量transverseshearmodulus橫觀各向同性transverseisotropy正交各向異Orthotropy剪滯分析shearlaganalysis短纖維choppedfiber長纖維continuousfiber纖維方向fiberdirection纖維斷裂fiberbreak纖維拔脫fiberpull-out纖維增強fiberreinforcement致密化Densification最小重量設計optimumweightdesign網(wǎng)格分析法nettinganalysis混合律ruleofmixture失效準則failurecriterion蔡--吳失效準則Tsai-Wufailurecriterion達格代爾模型Dugdalemodel斷裂力學fracturemechanics概率斷裂力學probabilisticfractureMechanics格里菲思理論Griffiththeory線彈性斷裂力學linearelasticfracturemechanics,LEFM彈塑性斷裂力學elastic-plasticfracturemecha-nics,EPFM斷裂Fracture脆性斷裂brittlefracture解理斷裂cleavagefracture蠕變斷裂creepfracture延性斷裂ductilefracture晶間斷裂inter-granularfracture準解理斷裂quasi-cleavagefracture穿晶斷裂trans-granularfracture裂紋Crack裂縫Flaw缺陷Defect割縫Slit微裂紋Microcrack折裂Kink橢圓裂紋ellipticalcrack深埋裂紋embeddedcrack[錢]幣狀裂紋penny-shapecrack預制裂紋Precrack短裂紋shortcrack表面裂紋surfacecrack裂紋鈍化crackblunting裂紋分叉crackbranching裂紋閉合crackclosure裂紋前緣crackfront裂紋嘴crackmouth裂紋張開角crackopeningangle,COA裂紋張開位移crackopeningdisplacement,COD裂紋阻力crackresistance裂紋面cracksurface裂紋尖端cracktip裂尖張角cracktipopeningangle,CTOA裂尖張開位移cracktipopeningdisplacement,CTOD裂尖奇異場cracktipsingularityField裂紋擴展速率crackgrowthrate穩(wěn)定裂紋擴展stablecrackgrowth定常裂紋擴展steadycrackgrowth亞臨界裂紋擴展subcriticalcrackgrowth裂紋[擴展]減速crackretardation止裂crackarrest止裂韌度arresttoughness斷裂類型fracturemode滑開型slidingmode張開型openingmode撕開型tearingmode復合型mixedmode扯破Tearing扯破模量tearingmodulus斷裂準則fracturecriterionJ積分J-integralJ阻力曲線J-resistancecurve斷裂韌度fracturetoughness應力強度因子stressintensityfactorHRR場Hutchinson-Rice-RosengrenField守恒積分conservationintegral有效應力張量effectivestresstensor應變能密度strainenergydensity能量釋放率energyreleaserate內聚區(qū)cohesivezone塑性區(qū)plasticzone張拉區(qū)stretchedzone熱影響區(qū)heataffectedzone,HAZ延脆轉變溫度brittle-ductiletransitiontemperature剪切帶shearband剪切唇shearlip無損檢測non-destructiveinspection雙邊缺口試件doubleedgenotchedspecimen,DENspecimen單邊缺口試件singleedgenotchedspecimen,SENspecimen三點彎曲試件threepointbendingspecimen,TPBspecimen中心裂紋拉伸試件centercrackedtensionspecimen,CCTspecimen中心裂紋板試件centercrackedpanelspecimen,CCPspecimen緊湊拉伸試件compacttensionspecimen,CTspecimen大范圍屈服largescaleyielding小范圍攻屈服smallscaleyielding韋布爾分布Weibulldistribution帕里斯公式parisformula空穴化Cavitation應力腐蝕stresscorrosion概率風險鑒定probabilisticriskassessment,PRA損傷力學damagemechanics損傷Damage持續(xù)介質損傷力學continuumdamagemechanics細觀損傷力學microscopicdamagemechanics累積損傷accumulateddamage脆性損傷brittledamage延性損傷ductiledamage宏觀損傷macroscopicdamage細觀損傷microscopicdamage微觀損傷microscopicdamage損傷準則damagecriterion損傷演化方程damageevolutionequation損傷軟化damagesoftening損傷強化damagestrengthening損傷張量damagetensor損傷閾值damagethreshold損傷變量damagevariable損傷矢量damagevector損傷區(qū)damagezone疲勞Fatigue低周疲勞lowcyclefatigue應力疲勞stressfatigue隨機疲勞randomfatigue蠕變疲勞creepfatigue腐蝕疲勞corrosionfatigue疲勞損傷fatiguedamage疲勞失效fatiguefailure疲勞斷裂fatiguefracture疲勞裂紋fatiguecrack疲勞壽命fatiguelife疲勞破壞fatiguerupture疲勞強度fatiguestrength疲勞輝紋fatiguestriations疲勞閾值fatiguethreshold交變載荷alternatingload交變應力alternatingstress應力幅值stressamplitude應變疲勞strainfatigue應力循環(huán)stresscycle應力比stressratio安全壽命safelife過載效應overloadingeffect循環(huán)硬化cyclichardening循環(huán)軟化cyclicsoftening環(huán)境效應environmentaleffect裂紋片crackgage裂紋擴展crackgrowth,crackPropagation裂紋萌生crackinitiation循環(huán)比cycleratio試驗應力分析experimentalstressAnalysis工作[應變]片active[strain]gage基底材料backingmaterial應力計stressgage零[點]飄移zeroshift,zerodrift應變測量strainmeasurement應變計straingage應變指示器strainindicator應變花strainrosette應變敏捷度strainsensitivity機械式應變儀mechanicalstraingage直角應變花rectangularrosette引伸儀Extensometer應變遙測telemeteringofstrain向敏捷系數(shù)transversegagefactor橫向敏捷度transversesensitivity焊接式應變計weldablestraingage平衡電橋balancedbridge粘貼式應變計bondedstraingage粘貼箔式應變計bondedfoiledgage粘貼絲式應變計bondedwiregage橋路平衡bridgebalancing電容應變計capacitancestraingage賠償片compensationtechnique賠償技術compensationtechnique基準電橋referencebridge電阻應變計resistancestraingage溫度自賠償應變計self-temperaturecompensatinggage半導體應變計semiconductorstrainGage集流器slipring應變放大鏡strainamplifier疲勞壽命計fatiguelifegage電感應變計inductance[strain]gage光[測]力學Photomechanics光彈性Photoelasticity光塑性Photoplasticity楊氏條紋Youngfringe雙折射效應birefrigenteffect等位移線contourofequalDisplacement暗條紋darkfringe條紋倍增fringemultiplication干涉條紋interferencefringe等差線Isochromatic等傾線Isoclinic等和線isopachic應力光學定律stress-opticlaw主應力跡線Isostatic亮條紋lightfringe光程差opticalpathdifference熱光彈性photo-thermo-elasticity光彈性貼片法photoelasticcoatingMethod光彈性夾片法photoelasticsandwichMethod動態(tài)光彈性dynamicphoto-elasticity空間濾波spatialfiltering空間頻率spatialfrequency起偏鏡Polarizer反射式光彈性儀reflectionpolariscope殘存雙折射效應residualbirefringentEffect應變條紋值strainfringevalue應變光學敏捷度strain-opticsensitivity應力凍結效應stressfreezingeffect應力條紋值stressfringevalue應力光圖stress-opticpattern臨時雙折射效應temporarybirefringentEffect脈沖全息法pulsedholography透射式光彈性儀transmissionpolariscope實時全息干涉法real-timeholographicinterferometry網(wǎng)格法gridmethod全息光彈性法holo-photoelasticity全息圖Hologram全息攝影Holograph全息干涉法holographicinterferometry全息云紋法holographicmoiretechnique全息術Holography全場分析法whole-fieldanalysis散斑干涉法speckleinterferometry散斑Speckle錯位散斑干涉法speckle-shearinginterferometry,shearography散斑圖Specklegram白光散斑法white-lightspecklemethod云紋干涉法moireinterferometry[疊柵]云紋moirefringe[疊柵]云紋法moiremethod云紋圖moirepattern離面云紋法off-planemoiremethod參照柵referencegrating試件柵specimengrating分析柵analyzergrating面內云紋法in-planemoiremethod脆性涂層法brittle-coatingmethod條帶法stripcoatingmethod坐標變換transformationofCoordinates計算構造力學computationalstructuralmechanics加權殘量法weightedresidualmethod有限差分法finitedifferencemethod有限[單]元法finiteelementmethod配點法pointcollocation里茨法Ritzmethod廣義變分原理generalizedvariationalPrinciple最小二乘法leastsquaremethod胡[海昌]一鷲津原理Hu-Washizuprinciple赫林格-賴斯納原理Hellinger-ReissnerPrinciple修正變分原理modifiedvariationalPrinciple約束變分原理constrainedvariationalPrinciple混合法mixedmethod雜交法hybridmethod邊界解法boundarysolutionmethod有限條法finitestripmethod半解析法semi-analyticalmethod協(xié)調元conformingelement非協(xié)調元non-conformingelement混合元mixedelement雜交元hybridelement邊界元boundaryelement強迫邊界條件forcedboundarycondition自然邊界條件naturalboundarycondition離散化Discretization離散系統(tǒng)discretesystem持續(xù)問題continuousproblem廣義位移generalizeddisplacement廣義載荷generalizedload廣義應變generalizedstrain廣義應力generalizedstress界面變量interfacevariable節(jié)點node,nodalpoint[單]元Element角節(jié)點cornernode邊節(jié)點mid-sidenode內節(jié)點internalnode無節(jié)點變量nodelessvariable桿元barelement桁架桿元trusselement梁元beamelement二維元two-dimensionalelement一維元one-dimensionalelement三維元three-dimensionalelement軸對稱元axisymmetricelement板元plateelement殼元shellelement厚板元thickplateelement三角形元triangularelement四邊形元quadrilateralelement四面體元tetrahedralelement曲線元curvedelement二次元quadraticelement線性元linearelement三次元cubicelement四次元quarticelement等參[數(shù)]元isoparametricelement超參數(shù)元super-parametricelement亞參數(shù)元sub-parametricelement節(jié)點數(shù)可變元variable-number-nodeelement拉格朗日元Lagrangeelement拉格朗日族Lagrangefamily巧湊邊點元serendipityelement巧湊邊點族serendipityfamily無限元infiniteelement單元分析elementanalysis單元特性elementcharacteristics剛度矩陣stiffnessmatrix幾何矩陣geometricmatrix等效節(jié)點力equivalentnodalforce節(jié)點位移nodaldisplacement節(jié)點載荷nodalload位移矢量displacementvector載荷矢量loadvector質量矩陣massmatrix集總質量矩陣lumpedmassmatrix相容質量矩陣consistentmassmatrix阻尼矩陣dampingmatrix瑞利阻尼Rayleighdamping剛度矩陣旳組集assemblyofstiffnessMatrices載荷矢量旳組集consistentmassmatrix質量矩陣旳組集assemblyofmassmatrices單元旳組集assemblyofelements局部坐標系localcoordinatesystem局部坐標localcoordinate面積坐標areacoordinates體積坐標volumecoordinates曲線坐標curvilinearcoordinates靜凝聚staticcondensation協(xié)議變換contragradienttra