其他精講精練專題08定語(yǔ)從句

定語(yǔ)從句講義(一)限制性定語(yǔ)從句與非限制性定于從句限制性定語(yǔ)從句對(duì)先行詞起修飾限制作用，翻譯為“___________________”；非限制性定語(yǔ)從句對(duì)先行詞起___________________作用，通常翻譯為兩個(gè)并列句。非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，先行詞與定語(yǔ)從句往往有___________________隔開(kāi)?！难a(bǔ)充說(shuō)明逗號(hào)(二) 關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞有兩類:___________________詞和___________________詞關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞1.在限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，關(guān)系代詞的作用分三類:1)___________________作用:關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)從句，把從句和主句連接起來(lái)；2)___________________作用:關(guān)系代詞在從句中替代它所修飾的先行詞；3)___________________作用:關(guān)系代詞在從句中總是充當(dāng)句子成分。連接作用代替作用成分作用1.在限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，關(guān)系代詞的作用分三類:that:指____________，可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)(可省略)、表語(yǔ)which:指_________________，可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)(可省略)who:指__________________，可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)(可省略)whom:指___________________，可作賓語(yǔ)(可省略)whose:指___________________，可作定語(yǔ)指人/物指物指人指人指人的/物的*關(guān)系代詞作___________________*關(guān)系代詞作___________________主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)2.在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，關(guān)系代詞的作用分三類:1)___________________作用:關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)從句，把從句和主句連接起來(lái)2）___________________作用:關(guān)系代詞在從句中替代先行詞或主句；3)___________________作用:關(guān)系代詞在從句中總是充當(dāng)句子成分。連接作用代替作用成分作用2.在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，關(guān)系代詞的作用分三類:which:指___________________，可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)as:指___________________，可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)who:指___________________，可作主語(yǔ)whom:指___________________，可作賓語(yǔ)whose/ofwhich:指___________________，可作定語(yǔ)指物指人/物指人指人指人的/物的3.在限制性定語(yǔ)從句和非限定性定語(yǔ)從句中，關(guān)系副詞的作用分兩類:1)___________________作用:關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)從句，把從句和主句連接起來(lái)2)___________________作用:關(guān)系副詞在從句中充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)成分。when:指___________________，可作狀語(yǔ)where:指___________________，可作狀語(yǔ)why:指___________________，可作狀語(yǔ)連接作用成分作用指時(shí)間指地點(diǎn)指原因(三) 考點(diǎn)1.關(guān)系代詞that和which的用法區(qū)別1)在限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，必須用關(guān)系代詞that的情況：①②當(dāng)先行詞前有theonly，__________(恰恰，正好)，any，few，little，no，all等詞修飾時(shí)。③當(dāng)先行詞是________________________前面有形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。④當(dāng)主句的主語(yǔ)是疑問(wèn)詞________或___________時(shí)。thevery形容詞最高級(jí)或先行詞whowhich2)當(dāng)先行詞指___________________時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系代詞必須用which的情況①在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，只用___________________，不用___________________。指事/物whichthat2.關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞定語(yǔ)從句連接詞分類定語(yǔ)從句連接詞連接詞在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞株P(guān)系代詞thatwhichwhowhomwhose

主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)

關(guān)系副詞wherewhenwhy

狀語(yǔ)3.關(guān)系代詞的選擇1)根據(jù)所引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句是___________________還是___________________；2)根據(jù)所替代的先行詞是指__________還是指__________；3)根據(jù)它在從句中所充當(dāng)?shù)某煞帧髡Z(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)。限制性非限制性指人指物課文回顧28課視頻JasperWhiteisoneofthoserarepeoplewhobelievesinancientmyths.hehasjustboughtanewhouseinthecity,buteversincehemovedin,hehashadtroublewithcarsandtheirowners.Whenhereturnshomeatnight,healwaysfindsthatsomeonehasparkedacaroutsidehisgate.Becauseofthis,hehasnotbeenabletogethisowncarintohisgarageevenonce.Jasperhasputup'NoParking'signsoutsidehisgate,butthesehavenothadanyeffect.Nowhehasputanuglystoneheadoverthegate.ItisoneoftheugliestfacesIhaveeverseen.IaskedhimwhatitwasandhetoldmethatitwasMedusa,theGorgon.jasperhopesthatshewillturncarsandtheirownerstostone.Butnoneofthemhasbeenturnedtostoneyet!JasperWhiteisoneofthoserarepeoplewhobelievesinancientmyths.hehasjustboughtanewhouseinthecity,buteversincehemovedin,hehashadtroublewithcarsandtheirowners.Whenhereturnshomeatnight,healwaysfindsthatsomeonehasparkedacaroutsidehisgate.Becauseofthis,hehasnotbeenabletogethisowncarintohisgarageevenonce.Jasperhasputup'NoParking'signsoutsidehisgate,butthesehavenothadanyeffect.Nowhehasputanuglystoneheadoverthegate.ItisoneoftheugliestfacesIhaveeverseen.IaskedhimwhatitwasandhetoldmethatitwasMedusa,theGorgon.jasperhopesthatshewillturncarsandtheirownerstostone.Butnoneofthemhasbeenturnedtostoneyet!29課視頻CaptainBenFawcetthasboughtanunusualtaxiandhasbegunanewservice.The'taxi'isasmallSwissaeroplanecalleda'PilatusPorter'.Thiswonderfulplanecancarrysevenpassengers.Themostsurprisingthingaboutit,however,isthatitcanlandanywhere:onsnow,water,orevenonaploughedfield.CaptainFawcett'sfirstpassengerwasadoctorwhoflewfromBirminghamtoalonelyvillageintheWelshmountains.Sincethen,CaptainFawcetthasflownpassengerstomanyunusualplaces.Oncehelandedontheroofofablockofflatsandonanotheroccasion,helandedinadesertedcarpark.CaptainFawcetthasjustrefusedastrangerequestfromabusinessman.ThemanwantedtoflytoRockall,alonelyislandintheAtlanticOcean,butCaptainFawcettdidnottakehimbecausethetripwastoodangerous.CaptainBenFawcetthasboughtanunusualtaxiandhasbegunanewservice.The'taxi'isasmallSwissaeroplanecalleda'PilatusPorter'.Thiswonderfulplanecancarrysevenpassengers.Themostsurprisingthingaboutit,however,isthatitcanlandanywhere:onsnow,water,orevenonaploughedfield.CaptainFawcett'sfirstpassengerwasadoctorwhoflewfromBirminghamtoalonelyvillageintheWelshmountains.Sincethen,CaptainFawcetthasflownpassengerstomanyunusualplaces.Oncehelandedontheroofofablockofflatsandonanotheroccasion,helandedinadesertedcarpark.CaptainFawcetthasjustrefusedastrangerequestfromabusinessman.ThemanwantedtoflytoRockall,alonelyislandintheAtlanticOcean,butCaptainFawcettdidnottakehimbecausethetripwastoodangerous.36課視頻DebbieHartisgoingtoswimacrosstheEnglishChanneltomorrow.SheisgoingtosetoutfromtheFrenchcoastatfiveo'clockinthemorning.Debbieisonlyelevenyearsoldandshehopestosetupanewworldrecord.Sheisastrongswimmerandmanypeoplefeelthatsheissuretosucceed.Debbie'sfatherwillsetoutwithherinasmallboat.Mr.Harthastrainedhisdaughterforyears.TomorrowhewillbewatchingheranxiouslyassheswimsthelongdistancetoEngland.Debbieintendstotakeshortrestseverytwohours.Shewillhavesomethingtodrinkbutshewillnoteatanysolidfood.MostofDebbie'sschoolfriendswillbewaitingforherontheEnglishcoast.AmongthemwillbeDebbie'smother,whoswamtheChannelherselfwhenshewasagirl.DebbieHartisgoingtoswimacrosstheEnglishChanneltomorrow.SheisgoingtosetoutfromtheFrenchcoastatfiveo'clockinthemorning.Debbieisonlyelevenyearsoldandshehopestosetupanewworldrecord.Sheisastrongswimmerandmanypeoplefeelthatsheissuretosucceed.Debbie'sfatherwillsetoutwithherinasmallboat.Mr.Harthastrainedhisdaughterforyears.TomorrowhewillbewatchingheranxiouslyassheswimsthelongdistancetoEngland.Debbieintendstotakeshortrestseverytwohours.Shewillhavesomethingtodrinkbutshewillnoteatanysolidfood.MostofDebbie'sschoolfriendswillbewaitingforherontheEnglishcoast.AmongthemwillbeDebbie'smother,whoswamtheChannelherselfwhenshewasagirl.48課視頻Dentistsalwaysaskquestionswhenitisimpossibleforyoutoanswer.Mydentisthadjustpulledoutoneofmyteethandhadtoldmetorestforawhile.Itriedtosaysomething,butmymouthwasfullofcottonwool.HeknewIcollectedmatchboxesandaskedmewhethermycollectionwasgrowing.HethenaskedmehowmybrotherwasandwhetherIlikedmynewjobinLondon.InanswertothesequestionsIeithernoddedormadestrangenoises.Meanwhile,mytonguewasbusysearchingouttheholewherethetoothhadbeen.Isuddenlyfeltveryworried,butcouldnotsayanything.Whenthedentistatlastremovedthecottonwoolfrommymouth,Iwasabletotellhimthathehadpulledoutthewrongtooth.Dentistsalwaysaskquestionswhenitisimpossibleforyoutoanswer.Mydentisthadjustpulledoutoneofmyteethandhadtoldmetorestforawhile.Itriedtosaysomething,butmymouthwasfullofcottonwool.HeknewIcollectedmatchboxesandaskedmewhethermycollectionwasgrowing.HethenaskedmehowmybrotherwasandwhetherIlikedmynewjobinLondon.InanswertothesequestionsIeithernoddedormadestrangenoises.Meanwhile,mytonguewasbusysearchingouttheholewherethetoothhadbeen.Isuddenlyfeltveryworried,butcouldnotsayanything.Whenthedentistatlastremovedthecottonwoolfrommymouth,Iwasabletotellhimthathehadpulledoutthewrongtooth.85課視頻Ihavejustreceivedaletterfrommyoldschool,informingmethatmyformerheadmaster,Mr.StuartPage,willberetiringnextweek.Pupilsoftheschool,oldandnew,willbesendinghimapresenttomarktheoccasion.Allthosewhohavecontributedtowardsthegiftwillsigntheirnamesinalargealbumwhichwillbesenttotheheadmaster'shome.WeshallallrememberMr.Pageforhispatienceandunderstandingandforthekindlyencouragementhegaveuswhenwewentsounwillinglytoschool.AgreatmanyformerpupilswillbeattendingafarewelldinnerinhishonournextThursday.Itisacuriouscoincidencethatthedaybeforehisretirement,Mr.Pagewillhavebeenteachingforatotaloffortyyears.Afterhehasretired,hewilldevotehimselftogardening.Forhim,thiswillbeanentirelynewhob