2018年高考英語一輪(課標(biāo)通用)課件專題16詞義猜測(共192張)

2018年高考英語一輪(課標(biāo)通用)課件專題16詞義猜測(共192張)第一頁，共192頁。1.構(gòu)詞猜詞法:掌握考綱規(guī)定的詞匯后,利用構(gòu)詞法的基本知識(shí)理解單詞的意義。這要求我們要了解英語構(gòu)詞法中常用的詞根、前綴和后綴含義及功能,準(zhǔn)確地推測出它們相互組合形成的整體詞義。

2.上下語境法:詞不離句,句不離篇;篇中求句,句中識(shí)詞。猜測詞義最常用到的方法是結(jié)合上下文的語境,即文章的意義、線索和內(nèi)在邏輯關(guān)系進(jìn)行猜測。通常情況下,所考詞匯與上下文所提示的意義通常存在同義、反義或解釋等的關(guān)系,可直接確定詞義。

要做好詞義猜測題,考生既要掌握基本的構(gòu)詞方法,還要學(xué)會(huì)根據(jù)上下文語意,運(yùn)用一定的猜詞技巧,進(jìn)行合理的推測,詞義猜測題常用的解題方法有:第二頁，共192頁。3.詞句代入法:詞句代入法是指把四個(gè)選項(xiàng)分別代入所要猜詞的詞句處,結(jié)合語意、句法和內(nèi)在邏輯進(jìn)行綜合判斷,從而理解詞句意義。

4.指代分析法:考查指代關(guān)系的題目通常為就近指代,解題時(shí)一要分析代詞的對(duì)象和特征:指人還是物、單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)、主格還是賓格等;二要結(jié)合上下文意義和邏輯通篇考慮,正確的選項(xiàng)意義上是通順的,并且邏輯上是合理的。北京大學(xué)張雪睿

第三頁，共192頁。第四頁，共192頁。試做真題透析真題高手必備萃取高招對(duì)點(diǎn)精練Passage

1(2017全國Ⅰ,D)Abuild-it-yourselfsolarstill(蒸餾器)isoneofthebestwaystoobtaindrinkingwaterinareaswheretheliquidisnotreadilyavailable.DevelopedbytwodoctorsintheU.S.DepartmentofAgriculture,it’sanexcellentwatercollector.Unfortunately,youmustcarrythenecessaryequipmentwithyou,sinceit’sallbutimpossibletofindnaturalsubstitutes.Theonlycomponentsrequired,though,area5'×5'sheetofclearorslightlymilkyplastic,sixfeetofplastictube,andacontainer—perhapsjustadrinkingcup—tocatchthewater.Thesepiecescanbefoldedintoaneatlittlepackandfastenedonyourbelt.第五頁，共192頁。試做真題透析真題高手必備萃取高招對(duì)點(diǎn)精練Toconstructaworkingstill,useasharpstickorrocktodigaholefourfeetacrossandthreefeetdeep.Trytomaketheholeinadampareatoincreasethewatercatcher’sproductivity.Placeyourcupinthedeepestpartofthehole.Thenlaythetubeinplacesothatoneendrestsallthewayinthecupandtherestofthelinerunsup—andout—thesideofthehole.

Next,covertheholewiththeplasticsheet,securingtheedgesoftheplasticwithdirtandweightingthesheet’scenterdownwitharock.Theplasticshouldnowformacone(圓錐體)with45-degree-angledsides.Thelowpointofthesheetmustbecentereddirectlyover,andnomorethanthreeinchesabove,thecup.第六頁，共192頁。試做真題透析真題高手必備萃取高招對(duì)點(diǎn)精練Thesolarstillworksbycreatingagreenhouseundertheplastic.Groundwaterevaporates(蒸發(fā))andcollectsonthesheetuntilsmalldropsofwaterform,rundownthematerial,andfalloffintothecup.Whenthecontainerisfull,youcansucktherefreshmentoutthroughthetube,andwon’thavetobreakdownthestilleverytimeyouneedadrink.【語篇解讀】美國農(nóng)業(yè)部的兩位博士研制出一種蒸餾器。在水資源短缺的區(qū)域,這是一種非常不錯(cuò)的獲得飲用水的設(shè)備。第七頁，共192頁。試做真題透析真題高手必備萃取高招對(duì)點(diǎn)精練1.What

do

weknowaboutthe

solar

still

equipment

from

the

first

paragraph?A.It’s

delicate.

B.It’s

expensive.C.It’s

complex.

D.It’s

portable.【答案】D【解析】

推理判斷題。從文章第一段的“These

pieces

can

be

folded

into

a

neat

little

pack

and

fastened

on

your

belt.”可知,這種集水器設(shè)備攜帶起來很方便。人們可以把它折疊成一個(gè)小包并系在腰帶上。第八頁，共192頁。試做真題透析真題高手必備萃取高招對(duì)點(diǎn)精練2.What

does

the

underlined

phrase

“the

water

catcher”

in

paragraph

2

refer

to?A.Thetube. B.Thestill.C.Thehole. D.Thecup.【答案】B【解析】

詞義猜測題。從文章第二段的“To

construct

a

working

still...”和畫線詞后的productivity可推斷出畫線部分指的是the

still。第九頁，共192頁。試做真題透析真題高手必備萃取高招對(duì)點(diǎn)精練3.What

is

thelaststep

of

constructing

a

working

solar

still?A.Dig

a

hole

of

a

certain

size.

B.Put

the

cup

in

place.C.Weight

the

sheet’s

center

down.

D.Cover

the

hole

with

the

plastic

sheet.【答案】C【解析】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從文章第三段的“Next,cover

the

hole

with

the

plastic

sheet,securing

the

edges

of

the

plastic

with

dirt

and

weighting

the

sheet’s

center

down

with

a

rock.”可知,用塑料布把洞穴覆蓋,并把塑料布的邊緣用泥土弄牢。最后把一塊石頭壓在塑料布的中心。因此選C項(xiàng)。第十頁，共192頁。試做真題透析真題高手必備萃取高招對(duì)點(diǎn)精練4.When

a

solar

still

works,drops

of

water

come

into

the

cup

from

.

A.the

plastic

tube

B.outside

the

holeC.the

open

air

D.beneath

the

sheet【答案】D【解析】

推理判斷題。從文章最后一段的“Ground

water

evaporates

and

collects

on

the

sheet

until

small

drops

of

water

form,run

down

the

material

and

fall

off

into

the

cup.”可知,這種蒸餾器的工作原理是創(chuàng)造一個(gè)溫室。地面的水向上蒸發(fā)并在塑料布上聚集形成小水滴,然后水滴順著塑料布流下來落到杯子里。第十一頁，共192頁。試做真題透析真題高手必備萃取高招對(duì)點(diǎn)精練Passage

2(2017全國Ⅱ,B)IfirstmetPaulNewmanin1968,whenGeorgeRoyHill,thedirectorofButch

Cassidy

and

the

Sundance

Kid,introducedusinNewYorkCity.Whenthestudiodidn’twantmeforthefilm—itwantedsomebodyaswellknownasPaul—hestoodupforme.Idon’tknowhowmanypeoplewouldhavedonethat;theywouldhavelistenedtotheiragentsorthestudiopowers.第十二頁，共192頁。試做真題透析真題高手必備萃取高招對(duì)點(diǎn)精練ThefriendshipthatgrewoutoftheexperienceofmakingthatfilmandThe

Stingfouryearslaterhaditsrootinthefactthatalthoughtherewasanagedifference,webothcamefromatraditionoftheaterandliveTV.Wewererespectfulofcraft(技藝)andfocusedondiggingintothecharactersweweregoingtoplay.BothofushadthequalitiesandvirtuesthataretypicalofAmericanactors:humorous,aggressive,andmakingfunofeachother—butalwayswithanunderlyingaffection.Thosewerealsoatthecore(核心)ofourrelationshipoffthescreen.第十三頁，共192頁。試做真題透析真題高手必備萃取高招對(duì)點(diǎn)精練Wesharedthebeliefthatifyou’refortunateenoughtohavesuccess,youshouldputsomethingback—hewithhisNewman’sOwnfoodandhisHoleintheWallcampsforkidswhoareseriouslyill,andmewithSundanceandtheinstituteandthefestival.PaulandIdidn’tseeeachotherallthatregularly,butsharingthatbroughtustogether.Wesupportedeachotherfinanciallyandbyshowingupatevents.Ilastsawhimafewmonthsago.He’dbeeninandoutofthehospital.HeandIbothknewwhatthedealwas,andwedidn’ttalkaboutit.Ourswasarelationshipthatdidn’tneedalotofwords.【語篇解讀】作者通過回憶自己與好友的初次見面,兩人友誼的發(fā)展,相同的性格,以及共同的信仰,來紀(jì)念這位好朋友。第十四頁，共192頁。試做真題透析真題高手必備萃取高招對(duì)點(diǎn)精練1.Why

was

thestudiounwilling

to

give

the

role

to

the

author

at

first?A.Paul

Newman

wanted

it.

B.The

studio

powers

didn’t

like

his

agent.C.He

wasn’t

famous

enough.

D.The

director

recommended

someone

else.【答案】C【解析】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“When

the

studio

didn’t

want

me

for

the

film

—

it

wanted

somebody

as

well

known

as

Paul...”可知,工作室不想把那個(gè)角色給作者的原因是他不出名,故C項(xiàng)正確。第十五頁，共192頁。試做真題透析真題高手必備萃取高招對(duì)點(diǎn)精練2.Why

did

Paul

and

the

author

have

a

lasting

friendship?A.They

were

of

the

same

age.B.They

worked

in

the

same

theater.C.They

were

both

good

actors.D.They

had

similar

characteristics.【答案】D【解析】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段尤其是第三、四句“Both

of

us

had

the

qualities

and

virtuesThose

were

also

at

the

core(核心)

of

our

relationship

off

the

screen.”可知,作者和Paul有著相似的品質(zhì)和美德,因而他們之間的友誼持久。故D項(xiàng)正確。第十六頁，共192頁。試做真題透析真題高手必備萃取高招對(duì)點(diǎn)精練3.What

does

the

underlined

word

“that”

in

paragraph

3

refer

to?A.Theirbelief. B.Theircareforchildren.C.Theirsuccess. D.Theirsupportforeachother.【答案】A【解析】

詞義猜測題。本段講的是他們共同的信仰。開頭說“We

shared

the

belief

that...”,這里又說“but

sharing

that

brought

us

together”,畫線詞that就是指他們共同的信仰(belief)。故A項(xiàng)正確。第十七頁，共192頁。試做真題透析真題高手必備萃取高招對(duì)點(diǎn)精練4.What

istheauthor’spurposeinwriting

the

text?A.To

show

his

love

of

films.

B.To

remember

a

friend.C.To

introduce

a

new

movie.

D.To

share

his

acting

experience.【答案】B【解析】

推理判斷題。作者在開始講述自己第一次見到

Paul

Newman的情景,后面敘述兩人的友誼,相同的性格,共同的信仰。最后一段提到最后一次見他。作者寫作的目的就是懷念一位朋友,因此B項(xiàng)正確。第十八頁，共192頁。試做真題透析真題高手必備萃取高招對(duì)點(diǎn)精練Passage

3(2017全國Ⅲ,C)Afteryearsofheateddebate,graywolveswerereintroducedtoYellowstoneNationalPark.FourteenwolveswerecaughtinCanadaandtransportedtothepark.Bylastyear,theYellowstonewolfpopulationhadgrowntomorethan170wolves.GraywolvesoncewereseenhereandthereintheYellowstoneareaandmuchofthecontinentalUnitedStates,buttheyweregraduallydisplacedbyhumandevelopment.Bythe1920s,wolveshadpracticallydisappearedfromtheYellowstonearea.TheywentfarthernorthintothedeepforestsofCanada,wheretherewerefewerhumansaround.第十九頁，共192頁。試做真題透析真題高手必備萃取高招對(duì)點(diǎn)精練Thedisappearanceofthewolveshadmanyunexpectedresults.Deerandelkpopulations-majorfoodsources(來源)forthewolf-grewrapidly.Theseanimalsconsumedlargeamountsofvegetation(植被),whichreducedplantdiversityinthepark.Intheabsenceofwolves,coyotepopulationsalsogrewquickly.Thecoyoteskilledalargepercentageofthepark’sredfoxes,andcompletelydroveawaythepark’sbeavers.Asearlyas1966,biologistsaskedthegovernmenttoconsiderreintroducingwolvestoYellowstonePark.Theyhopedthatwolveswouldbeabletocontroltheelkandcoyoteproblems.Manyfarmersopposedtheplanbecausetheyfearedthatwolveswouldkilltheirfarmanimalsorpets.第二十頁，共192頁。試做真題透析真題高手必備萃取高招對(duì)點(diǎn)精練Thegovernmentspentnearly30yearscomingupwithaplantoreintroducethewolves.TheU.S.FishandWildlifeServicecarefullymonitorsandmanagesthewolfpacksinYellowstone.Today,thedebatecontinuesoverhowwellthegraywolfisfittinginatYellowstone.Elk,deer,andcoyotepopulationsaredown,whilebeaversandredfoxeshavemadeacomeback.TheYellowstonewolfprojecthasbeenavaluableexperimenttohelpbiologistsdecidewhethertoreintroducewolvestootherpartsofthecountryaswell.【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。文章主要介紹美國黃石公園重新引進(jìn)灰狼,以改善公園的生態(tài)平衡的舉措。第二十一頁，共192頁。試做真題透析真題高手必備萃取高招對(duì)點(diǎn)精練1.What

is

the

text

mainly

about?A.Wildlife

research

in

the

United

States.B.Plant

diversity

in

the

Yellowstone

area.C.The

conflict

between

farmers

and

gray

wolves.D.The

reintroduction

of

wolves

to

Yellowstone

Park.【答案】D【解析】

主旨大意題。通讀全文,尤其是首尾兩段可知,文章主要介紹黃石公園重新引進(jìn)灰狼的事情。第二十二頁，共192頁。試做真題透析真題高手必備萃取高招對(duì)點(diǎn)精練2.What

does

the

underlined

word

“displaced”

in

paragraph

2

mean?A.Tested.

B.Separated.C.Forcedout. D.Trackeddown.【答案】C【解析】

詞義猜測題。從第二段第一句“Gray

wolves

once

were

seen

here

and

there

in

the

Yellowstone

area

and

much

of

the

continental

United

States,but

they

were

gradually

displaced

by

human

development.”可知,過去灰狼在黃石公園隨處可見,但由于人類的發(fā)展,灰狼就逐漸被迫撤出了這個(gè)地方?？赏茰ydisplace意為“被迫離開”。第二十三頁，共192頁。試做真題透析真題高手必備萃取高招對(duì)點(diǎn)精練3.What

did

the

disappearance

of

gray

wolves

bring

about?A.Damage

to

local

ecology.B.A

decline

in

the

park’s

income.C.Preservation

of

vegetation.D.An

increase

in

the

variety

of

animals.【答案】A【解析】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第三段可知,灰狼的消失帶來了許多意想不到的結(jié)果:鹿群數(shù)量迅速增多,消耗大量植被;草原狼增多,吃掉了公園里占很大比例的紅狐貍;完全趕走了公園里的河貍。也就是說灰狼的消失破壞了當(dāng)?shù)氐纳鷳B(tài)平衡。第二十四頁，共192頁。試做真題透析真題高手必備萃取高招對(duì)點(diǎn)精練4.What

is

the

author’s

attitude

towards

the

Yellowstone

wolf

project?A.Doubtful.

B.Positive.C.Disapproving.

D.Uncaring.【答案】B【解析】

推理判斷題。從文章最后一句“The

Yellowstone

wolf

project

has

been

a

valuable

experiment

to

help

biologists

decide

whether

to

reintroduce

wolves

to

other

parts

of

the

country

as

well.”可推知,作者對(duì)于黃石公園引進(jìn)灰狼群持肯定態(tài)度。第二十五頁，共192頁。試做真題透析真題高手必備萃取高招對(duì)點(diǎn)精練Passage

4(2016全國Ⅱ,C)Readingcanbeasocialactivity.Thinkofthepeoplewhobelongtobookgroups.Theychoosebookstoreadandthenmeettodiscussthem.Now,thewebsiteBookCturnsthepageonthetraditionalideaofabookgroup.Membersgoonthesiteandregisterthebookstheyownandwouldliketoshare.BookCrossingprovidesanidentificationnumbertostickinsidethebook.Thenthepersonleavesitinapublicplace,hopingthatthebookwillhaveanadventure,travelingfarandwidewitheachnewreaderwhofindsit.BrucePederson,themanagingdirectorofBookCrossing,says,“Thetwothingsthatchangeyourlifearethepeopleyoumeetandbooksyouread.BookCrossingcombinesboth.”第二十六頁，共192頁。試做真題透析真題高手必備萃取高招對(duì)點(diǎn)精練Membersleavebooksonparkbenchesandbuses,intrainstationsandcoffeeshops.Whoeverfindstheirbookwillgotothesiteandrecordwheretheyfoundit.Peoplewhofindabookcanalsoleaveajournalentrydescribingwhattheythoughtofit.E-mailsarethensenttotheBookCrosserstokeepthemupdatedaboutwheretheirbookshavebeenfound.BrucePedersonsaystheideaisforpeoplenottobeselfishbykeepingabooktogatherdustonashelfathome.BookCrossingispartofatrendamongpeoplewhowanttogetbacktothe“real”andnotthevirtual(虛擬).Thesitenowhasmorethanonemillionmembersinmorethanonehundredthirty-fivecountries.第二十七頁，共192頁。試做真題透析真題高手必備萃取高招對(duì)點(diǎn)精練【語篇解讀】

本文為說明文。主要介紹一個(gè)面向全球的圖書分享網(wǎng)站BookC。人們通過該網(wǎng)站可以把書放在指定地點(diǎn),由其他參與者自由獲取,同時(shí)也能相互交流閱讀體驗(yàn)。1.Why

does

the

author

mention

book

groups

in

the

first

paragraph?A.To

explain

what

they

are.B.To

introduce

BookCrossing.C.To

stress

the

importance

of

reading.D.To

encourage

readers

to

share

their

ideas.【答案】B【解析】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句“Now,the

website

BookC

turns

the

page

on

the

traditional

idea

of

a

book

group.”可知,現(xiàn)如今這個(gè)稱之為BookC的網(wǎng)站推翻了人們傳統(tǒng)觀念中的“讀書會(huì)”的概念。由此引出下文對(duì)這一網(wǎng)站的介紹。故此處提及book

groups是為了引出話題。因此B項(xiàng)正確。第二十八頁，共192頁。試做真題透析真題高手必備萃取高招對(duì)點(diǎn)精練2.What

does

the

underlined

word

“it”

in

Paragraph

2

refer

to?A.Thebook. B.Anadventure.C.Apublicplace. D.Theidentificationnumber.【答案】A【解析】

詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文章第二段最后一句可以得知,此人將書放于一公眾場所,盼著它能有一番奇遇,隨著發(fā)現(xiàn)它的每一位新讀者到處旅行。因此此處it指代上文提到的the

book。第二十九頁，共192頁。試做真題透析真題高手必備萃取高招對(duì)點(diǎn)精練3.What

will

a

BookCrosser

do

with

a

book

after

reading

it?A.Meet

other

readers

to

discuss

it.B.Keep

it

safe

in

his

bookcase.C.Pass

it

on

to

another

reader.D.Mail

it

back

to

its

owner.【答案】C【解析】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段及第四、五段可知,這些書會(huì)放在一些公共場所,發(fā)現(xiàn)者要將信息上傳至網(wǎng)站,以便人們及時(shí)掌握這些書籍的動(dòng)向。因此可以得知,當(dāng)人們閱讀完后,會(huì)將其傳給其他人,故選C項(xiàng)。第三十頁，共192頁。試做真題透析真題高手必備萃取高招對(duì)點(diǎn)精練4.What

is

the

best

title

for

the

text?A.Online

Reading:A

Virtual

TourB.Electronic

Books:A

New

TrendC.A

Book

Group

Brings

Tradition

BackD.A

Website

Links

People

through

Books【答案】D【解析】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可以得知,本文主要介紹了一個(gè)圖書分享網(wǎng)站BookC,故只有D項(xiàng)最合適。A項(xiàng)表示“網(wǎng)上閱讀”,virtual為錯(cuò)誤信息;B項(xiàng)表示“電子書”,electronic為錯(cuò)誤信息;C項(xiàng)表示“帶回傳統(tǒng)”,a

book

group為錯(cuò)誤信息。第三十一頁，共192頁。試做真題透析真題高手必備萃取高招對(duì)點(diǎn)精練Passage

5(2016全國Ⅰ,C)IamPeterHodes,avolunteerstemcellcourier.SinceMarch2012,I’vedone89trips—ofthose,51havebeenabroad.Ihave42hourstocarrystemcells(干細(xì)胞)inmylittleboxbecauseI’vegottwoicepacksandthat’showlongtheylast.Inall,fromthetimethestemcellsareharvestedfromadonor(捐獻(xiàn)者)tothetimetheycanbeimplantedinthepatient,we’vegot72hoursatmost.SoIamalwaysconsciousoftime.第三十二頁，共192頁。試做真題透析真題高手必備萃取高招對(duì)點(diǎn)精練IhadonetriplastyearwhereIwascaughtbyahurricaneinAmerica.IpickedupthestemcellsinProvidence,RhodeIsland,andwasmeanttoflytoWashingtonthenbacktoLondon.ButwhenIarrivedatthecheck-indeskatProvidence,theladyonthedesksaid:“Well,I’mreallysorry,I’vegotsomebadnewsforyou-therearenoflightsfromWashington.”SoItookmyboxandputitonthedeskandIsaid:“Inthisboxaresomestemcellsthatareurgentlyneededforapatient-please,please,you’vegottogetmebacktotheUnitedKingdom.”Shejustdroppedeverything.Shearrangedforaflightonasmallplanetobeheldforme,re-routed(改道)methroughNewarkandgotmebacktotheUKevenearlierthanoriginallyscheduled.Forthiscourierjob,you’reconsciouslyawarethatinthatboxyou’vegotsomethingthatispotentiallygoingtosavesomebody’slife.第三十三頁，共192頁。試做真題透析真題高手必備萃取高招對(duì)點(diǎn)精練【語篇解讀】

本文為記敘文。文章以第一人稱的口吻介紹了一位志愿者的特殊工作:運(yùn)送干細(xì)胞。作者講述了自己運(yùn)送干細(xì)胞的過程中遭遇的一次意外。1.Which

of

the

following

can

replace

the

underlined

word

“courier”

in

Paragraph

1?A.provider B.deliverymanC.collector D.medicaldoctor【答案】B【解析】

詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第一段第二、三句內(nèi)容,特別是里面出現(xiàn)的關(guān)鍵詞trips,carry可推斷,該詞指的是“運(yùn)送者,快遞者”。第三十四頁，共192頁。試做真題透析真題高手必備萃取高招對(duì)點(diǎn)精練2.Why

does

Peter

have

to

complete

his

trip

within

42

hours?A.He

cannot

stay

away

from

his

job

too

long.B.The

donor

can

only

wait

for

that

long.C.The

operation

needs

that

much

time.D.The

ice

won’t

last

any

longer.【答案】D【解析】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第三句中的“...that’s

how

long

they

last.”可知,Peter必須在42小時(shí)內(nèi)完成他的行程,因?yàn)楸氖褂脮r(shí)間有限。第三十五頁，共192頁。試做真題透析真題高手必備萃取高招對(duì)點(diǎn)精練3.Which

flightdidthewoman

put

Peter

on

first?A.To

London.

B.To

Newark.C.To

Providence.

D.To

Washington.【答案】B【解析】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句,特別是其中的re-routed(改道)

me

through

Newark可知,Peter坐的班機(jī)最先到達(dá)Newark。第三十六頁，共192頁。試做真題透析真題高手必備萃取高招對(duì)點(diǎn)精練Passage

6(2016全國Ⅲ,C)Ifyouareafruitgrower—orwouldliketobecomeone—takeadvantageofAppleDaytoseewhat’saround.It’scalledAppleDaybutinpracticeit’smorelikeAppleMonth.ThedayitselfisonOctober21,butsinceithascaughton,eventsnowspreadoutovermostofOctoberaroundBritain.Visitinganappleeventisagoodchancetosee,andoftentaste,awidevarietyofapples.TopeoplewhoareusedtothelimitedchoiceofapplessuchasGoldenDeliciousandRoyalGalainsupermarkets,itcanbequiteaneyeopenertoseetherangeofclassicalapplesstillinexistence,suchasDeciowhichwasgrownbytheRomans.Althoughitdoesn’ttasteofanythingspecial,it’sstillworthatry,asistheknobbly(多疙瘩的)Cat’sHeadwhichismoreofacuriositythananythingelse.第三十七頁，共192頁。試做真題透析真題高手必備萃取高招對(duì)點(diǎn)精練Therearealsovarietiesdevelopedtosuitspecificlocalconditions.OneoftheverybestvarietiesforeatingqualityisOrleansReinette,butyou’llneedawarm,shelteredplacewithperfectsoiltogrowit,soit’sapipedreamformostappleloverswhofallforit.

Attheevents,youcanmeetexpertgrowersanddiscusswhichoneswillbestsuityourconditions,andbecausethesearefamilyaffairs,childrenarewellcateredforwithapple-themedfunandgames.AppleDaysarebeingheldatallsortsofplaceswithaninterestinfruit,includingstatelygardensandcommercialorchards(果園).Ifyouwanttohavearealorchardexperience,tryvisitingtheNationalFruitCollectionatBrogdale,nearFavershaminKent.第三十八頁，共192頁?！菊Z篇解讀】

本文為說明文。文章介紹了蘋果節(jié)舉辦的時(shí)間、項(xiàng)目及地點(diǎn)。重點(diǎn)提到蘋果節(jié)上種類豐富的蘋果品種和有關(guān)蘋果種植的相關(guān)知識(shí),特別指出可以與蘋果種植專家進(jìn)行討論等。再加上孩子們喜歡的以蘋果為主題的趣味游戲,可以說,對(duì)于那些對(duì)蘋果及蘋果種植感興趣的人極具吸引力。1.What

can

people

do

at

the

apple

events?A.Attend

experts’

lectures.B.Visit

fruit-loving

families.C.Plant

fruit

trees

in

an

orchard.D.Taste

many

kinds

of

apples.【答案】D【解析】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段第一句“Visiting

an

apple

event

is

a

good

chance

to

see,and

often

taste,a

wide

variety

of

apples.”可知,在蘋果節(jié)的活動(dòng)中,人們可以品嘗到各種蘋果。故選D項(xiàng)。試做真題透析真題高手必備萃取高招對(duì)點(diǎn)精練第三十九頁，共192頁。試做真題透析真題高手必備萃取高招對(duì)點(diǎn)精練2.What

can

we

learn

about

Decio?A.It

is

a

new

variety.

B.It

has

a

strange

look.C.It

is

rarely

seen

now.

D.It

has

a

special

taste.【答案】C【解析】

推理判斷題。由第二段第二句中的“...it

can

be

quite

an

eye

opener

to

see

the

range

of

classical

apples

still

in

existence,such

as

Decio

which

was

grown

by

the

Romans.”可推知,Decio是以前由羅馬人種植的一種蘋果,現(xiàn)在的人們能夠看到這種蘋果就算是大開眼界了。由此推知現(xiàn)在Decio蘋果非常罕見。故選C項(xiàng)。第四十頁，共192頁。試做真題透析真題高手必備萃取高招對(duì)點(diǎn)精練3.What

does

the

underlined

phrase

“a

pipe

dream”

in

Paragraph

3

mean?A.Apracticalidea. B.Avainhope.C.Abrilliantplan. D.Aselfishdesire.【答案】B【解析】

詞義猜測題。由第三段第二句可知,Orleans

Reinette

果品上佳,但是對(duì)溫度、環(huán)境、土壤的要求很高,因此,對(duì)大多數(shù)喜歡種植該蘋果的愛好者來說是a

pipe

dream

(白日夢)。第四十一頁，共192頁。試做真題透析真題高手必備萃取高招對(duì)點(diǎn)精練4.What

is

the

author’s

purpose

in

writing

the

text?A.To

show

how

to

grow

apples.B.To

introduce

an

apple

festival.C.To

help

people

select

apples.D.To

promote

apple

research.【答案】B【解析】

主旨大意題。通讀全篇,文章主要介紹一個(gè)關(guān)于蘋果的節(jié)日——蘋果節(jié)。故選B項(xiàng)。第四十二頁，共192頁。試做真題透析真題高手必備萃取高招對(duì)點(diǎn)精練Passage

7(2016四川,B)Ifyoucouldhaveonesuperpower,whatwoulditbe?Dreamingaboutwhetheryouwouldwanttoreadminds,seethroughwalls,orhavesuperhumanstrengthmaysoundsilly,butitactuallygetstotheheartofwhatreallymattersinyourlife.

Everydayinourwork,weareinspiredbythepeoplewemeetdoingextraordinarythingstoimprovetheworld.Theyhaveadifferentkindofsuperpowerthatallofuspossess:thepowertomakeadifferenceinthelivesofothers.第四十三頁，共192頁。試做真題透析真題高手必備萃取高招對(duì)點(diǎn)精練We’renotsayingthateveryoneneedstocontributetheirlivestothepoor.Yourlivesarebusyenoughdoinghomework,playingsports,makingfriends,seekingafteryourdreams.Butwedothinkthatyoucanliveamorepowerfullifewhenyoudevotesomeofyourtimeandenergytosomethingmuchlargerthanyourself.Findanissueyouareinterestedinandlearnmore.Volunteeror,ifyoucan,contributealittlemoneytoacause.Whateveryoudo,don’tbeabystander.Getinvolved.Youmayhavetheopportunitytomakeyourbiggestdifferencewhenyou’reolder.Butwhynotstartnow?Ourownexperienceworkingtogetheronhealth,development,andenergythelasttwentyyearshasbeenoneofthemostrewardingpartsofourlives.Ithaschangedwhoweareandcontinuestofuelouroptimismabouthowmuchthelivesofthepoorestpeoplewillimproveintheyearsahead.第四十四頁，共192頁?！菊Z篇解讀】

本文為說明文。如果你能擁有一種超能力,你希望會(huì)是哪一種?你的選擇,會(huì)反映出你的人生觀和價(jià)值觀。在工作中,我們每天都受到一些人的鼓舞,他們做著非凡的事情來改善這個(gè)世界。作者建議:找到你感興趣的東西,學(xué)習(xí)更多的知識(shí)。無論做什么,都不要做旁觀者。1.What

does

the

underlined

part

in

Paragraph

2

refer

to?A.Yourlifestyle. B.Yourlifevalue.C.Yourtroubleinlife. D.Yourlifeexperience.【答案】B【解析】

詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文章第一段及第二段可知,如果可以擁有一種超能力,有的人想要讀心術(shù)、有的人想能看穿墻壁、有的人想擁有超人的力量,這聽起來都很傻,但這確實(shí)反映了你內(nèi)心的真實(shí)想法,也就是你的人生觀和價(jià)值觀。由此可以判斷,畫線部分的含義為“你的人生價(jià)值觀”,故選B項(xiàng)。試做真題透析真題高手必備萃取高招對(duì)點(diǎn)精練第四十五頁，共192頁。試做真題透析真題高手必備萃取高招對(duì)點(diǎn)精練2.Why

does

the

author

say

they

are

inspired

every

day?A.They

possess

different

kinds

of

superpowers.B.They

have

got

the

power

to

change

the

world.C.Some

people

around

them

are

making

the

world

better.D.There

are

many

powerful

people

in

their

life

and

work.【答案】C【解析】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段的內(nèi)容可知,在工作中,我們每天都受到一些人的鼓舞,他們做著非凡的事情來改善這個(gè)世界。由此可以推斷,人們之所以受到鼓舞,是因?yàn)橹車娜硕荚诟淖冎澜?使世界變得更美好,故選C項(xiàng)。第四十六頁，共192頁。試做真題透析真題高手必備萃取高招對(duì)點(diǎn)精練3.What

does

the

author

stress

in

Paragraph

5?A.Learning

more

and

contributing

more

to

a

cause.B.Rising

above

self

and

acting

to

help

others.C.Working

hard

to

get

a

bigger

opportunity.D.Trying

your

best

to

help

the

poor.【答案】B【解析】

段落大意題。作者在第五段第一句指出,我們并不是說每個(gè)人都需要為窮人貢獻(xiàn)自己的生命。然后指出了自己的觀點(diǎn)“But

we

do

think

that

you

can

live

a

more

powerful

life

when

you

devote

some

of

your

time

and

energy

to

something

much

larger

than

yourself.”,可知當(dāng)你把你的時(shí)間和精力投入到更大的事情上時(shí),你可以活得更有力量。由此可以推斷,作者強(qiáng)調(diào)的是要提升自己,幫助他人,故B項(xiàng)正確。第四十七頁，共192頁。試做真題透析真題高手必備萃取高招對(duì)點(diǎn)精練4.What

can

be

inferred

from

the

last

paragraph?A.The

author

believes

the

lives

of

the

poorest

will

get

better.B.Much

more

progress

will

be

made

in

the

near

future.C.The

work

on

health

is

the

most

valuable

experience.D.People’s

efforts

have

been

materially

rewarded.【答案】A【解析】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中的“It

has

changed

who

we

are

and

continues

to

fuel

our

optimism

about

how

much

the

lives

of

the

poorest

people

will

improve

in

the

years

ahead.”可知,它改變了我們,并繼續(xù)讓我們對(duì)改善貧窮人口的生活保持樂觀的情緒。由此可以推斷,作者堅(jiān)信,窮人的生活會(huì)變得更好。故選A項(xiàng)。第四十八頁，共192頁。試做真題透析真題高手必備萃取高招對(duì)點(diǎn)精練Passage

8(2016天津,C)WhenJohnwasgrowingup,otherkidsfeltsorryforhim.Hisparentsalwayshadhimweedingthegarden,carryingoutthegarbageanddeliveringnewspapers.ButwhenJohnreachedadulthood,hewasbetteroffthanhischildhoodplaymates.Hehadmorejobsatisfaction,abettermarriageandwashealthier.Mostofall,hewashappier.Farhappier.Thesearethefindingsofa40-yearstudythatfollowedthelivesof456teenageboysfromBoston.Thestudyshowedthatthosewhohadworkedasboysenjoyedhappierandmoreproductivelivesthanthosewhohadnot.“Boyswhoworkedinthehomeorcommunitygainedcompetence(能力)andcametofeeltheywereworthwhilemembersofsociety,”saidGeorgeVaillant,thepsychologist(心理學(xué)家)whomadethediscovery.“Andbecausetheyfeltgoodaboutthemselves,othersfeltgoodaboutthem.”第四十九頁，共192頁。試做真題透析真題高手必備萃取高招對(duì)點(diǎn)精練Vaillant’sstudyfollowedthesemalesingreatdetail.Interviewswererepeatedatages25,31and47.UnderVaillant,theresearcherscomparedthemen’smental-healthscoreswiththeirboyhood-activityscores.Pointswereawardedforpart-timejobs,housework,effortinschool,andabilitytodealwithproblems.Thelinkbetweenwhatthemenhaddoneasboysandhowtheyturnedoutasadultswassurprisinglysharp.Thosewhohaddonethemostboyhoodactivitiesweretwiceaslikelytohavewarmrelationswithawidevarietyofpeople,fivetimesaslikelytobewellpaidand16timeslesslikelytohavebeenunemployed.TheresearchersalsofoundthatIQandfamilysocialandeconomicclassmadenorealdifferenceinhowtheboysturnedout.第五十頁，共192頁。試做真題透析真題高手必備萃取高招對(duì)點(diǎn)精練Working—atanyage—isimportant.Childhoodactivitieshelpachilddevelopresponsibility,independence,confidenceandcompetence—theunderpinnings(基礎(chǔ))ofemotionalhealth.Theyalsohelphimunderstandthatpeoplemustcooperateandworktowardcommongoals.Themostcompetentadultsarethosewhoknowhowtodothis.Yetworkisn’teverything.AsTolstoyoncesaid,“Onecanlivemagnificentlyinthisworldifoneknowshowtoworkandhowtolove,toworkforthepersononelovesandtoloveone’swork.”【語篇解讀】

本文為議論文。研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn),一個(gè)在童年時(shí)期曾在家里或社區(qū)工作過的男人長大后會(huì)擁有更大的社會(huì)價(jià)值感,他的個(gè)人幸福指數(shù)也會(huì)更高。而且這種感覺會(huì)在他人生中的各個(gè)階段都有所體現(xiàn)。第五十一頁，共192頁。試做真題透析真題高手必備萃取高招對(duì)點(diǎn)精練1.WhatdoweknowaboutJohn?A.Heenjoyedhiscareerandmarriage.B.Hehadfewchildhoodplaymates.C.Hereceivedlittlelovefromhisfamily.D.Hewasenviedbyothersinhischildhood.【答案】A【解析】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段第四句“He

had

more

job

satisfaction,a

better

marriage

and

was

healthier.”可知,他對(duì)自己的工作和婚姻狀況都比較滿意。故選A項(xiàng)。第五十二頁，共192頁。試做真題透析真題高手必備萃取高招對(duì)點(diǎn)精練2.Vaillant’s

words

in

Paragraph

2

serve

as

.

A.a

descri