2021-2022年四川省成都市大學(xué)英語6級(jí)大學(xué)英語六級(jí)模擬考試(含答案)

2021-2022年四川省成都市大學(xué)英語6級(jí)大學(xué)英語六級(jí)模擬考試(含答案)學(xué)校:________班級(jí):________姓名:________考號(hào):________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20題)1.

ThepassageimpliesthatPatCauleygotochurchfor______.

2.ChineseEconomy

ThesizeoftheChineseeconomyislikelytoclimb,inworldrankings,fromitscurrentpositionasthesixthlargesttothesecondlargestby2030,saideconomistswithglobalinvestmentbankLehmanBrothers.

Withitsgrossdomesticproduct(GDP)growingatanannualrateof6percent,ChinawillcomeinaftertheUnitedStatestosecurethesecondplacespot,theeconomistssaid.

Suchaneconomystandstoofferexcitingbusinessandcapitalmarketopportunitiestoforeignersoverthenext10yearsorso,saidRobertSubbaraman,aLehmanBrotherssenioreconomistwhoistheco-authorofanewlyreleasedcomprehensivereportonChina'seconomic,political,socialandforeignpolicyprospectsoverthenext10years.

AtapressconferencelastweekinBeijing,Subbaramanandhiscolleaguesoffereddetailedexplanationsoftheirforecastsregardingtheimpactofthecountry'saccessiontotheWorldTradeOrganization(WTO),growthopportunitiesandhowtodobusinessinChina.

WTOImpact

China'seconomywillbedisruptedintheshortterm,butinthelongrun,itcanbenefitimmenselyfromitsWTOentry,saidSubbaraman.

Risingnumbersofbankruptciesanddisplacedworkersarelikely,asincreasedtradecompetitionaftertheWTOforcesareallocationofresourcesawayfromprotectedandlesscompetitiveindustriestosectorswhereChinahasmoreofacomparativeadvantage,hesaid.

AccordingtotheInternationalMonetaryFund,WTOaccessionwillsubtract0.3percentfromChina'srealGDPgrowthinthefirstyear.

Subbaramansaidpotentiallosersfromtheaccessionincludethehighlyprotectedagricultural,telecommunicationsandbankingsectorsandsomeofthemorecapital-intensiveonessuchastheautoindustry.

Besidesshort-termadjustmentcosts,WTOaccessionwillhaveaprofoundeffectonthecompositionofChina'sbalanceofpayments,hesaid.

Thereductionintradebarrierswillleadtoasubstantialincreaseinmerchandiseimportsbutonlyamodestriseinexports.

Furthermore,WTOhebankandenterprisesectors,thuscreatingdemandforforeignservices—financial,accounting,managementconsultancyandlegal—tosupportrestructuring.

Asaresult,thecurrentaccountsurplusofUS$20.5billionin2000islikelytodecreaseandcouldsinkintoasmalldeficitby2003,Subbaramansaidinhisreport.

However,thedecreaseinChinasscurrentaccountshouldbemorethanoffsetbyanimprovementinthecapitalaccount,notedPaulSheard,chiefeconomistforLehmanBrothersAsia.

TheliberalizationofChina'sservicessectorshouldattractstrongerFDI(foreigndirectinvestment)inflows,whilemeasurestostrengthentheruleoflawandtobroadenanddeepenthebondandequitymarketsshouldhelpdeterportfoliocapitalflight.

"Onourestimates,actualFDIwillsoarfromUS$46.8billiontodaytoaroundUS$65billionbytheendof2003,”hesaid,addingthatChina'soverallbalanceofpaymentssurplusisexpectedtoincreasesteadilyinthecomingyears.

"ThismeansthatthetendencyfortheRMBwillbetoappreciateonceChinabeginstomovetowardamoreflexibleexchangerateregime,"hesaid.

Inthelongrun,WTOentryisexpectedtoaddaround1.3percentperannumtoChina'sGDPgrowth,headded.

"WeareoptimisticthatChinawillachieveanaverage6percentgrowthoverthenexttwodecades,"hesaidatthepressconference.

BusinessBible

Inthereport,Subbaramansaidtheanswertothequestion:"Shouldwebethere?isacautious"yes”formultinationalinv

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3.

ThisarticletellsusthatfurtherstudiesareneededtoassessthepotentialrisksofGMfoodseventhoughthetechnologypromisesmanybenefits.

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4.

Theauthorsaysthatforegoingacollegeeducationisoftennotawisechoicebecause______ofthe50highestpayingjobsrequireafour-yearcollegedegreeexceptforairtrafficcontrollersandnuclearpowerreactoroperators.

5.

ManyChristiansnowreenactLastSuppertosymbolizeJudasIscariot'sbetrayalofJesus.

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6.

Theprimarypurposeofthisarticleistoinstructthereaderto______.

7.

Humanresponsetostressisindividual.

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8.

Thenetworksofcommunicationsystemwhicharepeer-to-peerareonepropertyof4Gwirelesscommunication.

9.

Besidespregnantwomen,peopleoversixty-five,influenzacanbeanespeciallyseriousdiseaseforpeople______.

10.

TheneedsofthoseIndiansin______with4areasformedbytheAndeanMissionarethegreatestamongallIndiansinthethreeSouthAmericancountries.

11.Rainforests

Tropicalrainforestsarethemostdiverseecosystem(生態(tài)系統(tǒng))onEarth,andalsotheoldest.Today,tropicalrainforestscoveronly6percentoftheEarth'sgroundsurface,buttheyarehometooverhalfoftheplanet'splantandanimalspecies.

WhatisaRainforest?

Generallyspeaking,arainforestisanenvironmentthatreceiveshighrainfallandisdominatedbytalltrees.Awiderangeofecosystemsfallintothiscategory,ofcourse.Butmostofthetimewhenpeopletalkaboutrainforests,theymeanthetropicalrainforestslocatedneartheequator.

Theseforestsreceivebetween160and400inchesofrainperyear.Thetotalannualrainfallisspreadprettyevenlythroughouttheyear,andthetemperaturerarelydipsbelow60degreesFahrenheit.

Thissteadyclimateisduetothepositionofrainforestsontheglobe.BecauseoftheorientationoftheEarth'saxis,theNorthernandSouthernhemisphereseachspendpartoftheyeartiltedawayfromthesun.Sincerainforestsareatthemiddleoftheglobe,locatedneartheequator,theyarenotespeciallyaffectedbythischange.Theyreceivenearlythesameamountofsunlight,andthereforeheat,allyear.Consequently,theweatherintheseregionsremainsfairlyconstant.

Theconsistentlywet,warmweatherandamplesunlightgiveplantlifeeverythingitneedstothrive.Treeshavetheresourcestogrowtotremendousheights,andtheyliveforhundreds,eventhousands,ofyears.Thesegiants,whichreach60to150ftintheair,form.thebasicstructureoftherainforest.Theirtopbranchesspreadwideinordertocapturemaximumsunlight,Thiscreatesathickcanopy(樹冠)levelatthetopoftheforest,withthinnergreenerylevelsunderneath.Somelargetreesgrowsotallthattheyeventoweroverthecanopylayer.Asyougolower,downintotherainforest,youfindlessandlessgreenery.Theforestfloorismadeupofmoss,fungi,anddecayingplantmatterthathasfallenfromtheupperlayers.Thereasonforthisdecreaseingreeneryisverysimple:Theoverabundanceofplantsgatheringsunlightatthetopoftheforestblocksmostsunlightfromreachingthebottomoftheforest,makingitdifficultforrobustplantstothrive.

TheForestfortheTrees

Theamplesunlightandextremelywetclimateofmanytropicalareasencouragethegrowthoftoweringtreeswithwidecanopies.Thisthicktoplayeroftherainforestdictatesthelivesofallotherplantsintheforest.Newtreeseedlingsrarelysurvivetomakeittothetopunlesssomeoldertreesdie,creatinga"hole"inthecaneby.Whenthishappens,alloftheseedlingsonthegroundlevelcompeteintenselytoreachthesunlight.

Manyplantspeciesreachthetopoftheforestbyclimbingthetalltrees.Itismucheasiertoascendthisway,becausetheplantdoesn'thavetoform.itsownsupportingstructure.

Someplantspecies,calledepiphytes,growdirectlyonthesurfaceofthegianttrees.Theseplants,whichincludeavarietyoforchidsandferns,makeupmuchoftheunderstory,thelayeroftherainforestfightbelowthecanopy.Epiphytesarecloseenoughtothetoptoreceiveadequatelight,andtherunofffromthecanopylayerprovidesallthewaterandnutrients(養(yǎng)分)theyneed,whichisimportantsincetheydon'thaveaccesstothenutrientsintheground.

StranglersandButtresses

Someepiphyteseventuallydevelopintostranglers.Theygrowlong,thickrootsthatextenddownthetreetrunkintotheground.Astheycontinuetogrow,therootsform.asortofwebstructureallaroundthetree.Atthesametime,thestranglerplant'sbranchesextendupward,spreadingoutintothecanopy.Eventually,thestranglermayblocksomuchlightfromabove,andabsorbsuchahighpercentageofnutrientsfromthegroundbelow,thatthehosttreedies.

Competitionover

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12.

OnlylargecompaniesandbusinessesusetheInternettodobusiness.

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13.

ThebookSilentSpringhaschangedourthinkingbyprovidinguswithanentirelynewanddifferentwayof______.

14.

Thoughthegrindhavegoodgrades,whatdotheystilllack?

A.Self-discipline.

B.Goodmemory.

C.Originalopinions.

D.Writingpractice.

15.

Theexistingsatellitesarenotgoodatdetectingthethicknessoftheicepartlybecausetheorbitsofsatelliteswith______donotcovereveryportionoftheocean.

16.

Inanonlinedatingsite,users'informationisavailabletoallvisitors,sotheusershaveagreaterchancetomeettheirsoulmates.

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17.

AsissuggestedbyWilliamA.Banks,______isespeciallygoodforpeoplewithjointproblemsorobesity.

18.

Ifyouwanttoanswerthe12questionshonestly,youshouldknowwhatmakesyounotblindlyblameyourdepartmentfor______.

19.

Somehurricanes,whenformedwillmoveinthesamedirection;

20.

Organicfoodisnotnecessarilybetterthanconventionalfoodintempsofnutrition,safetyortaste.

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二、3.ListeningComprehension(20題)21.(22)

A.Heknowsclearlywhatheneedsandwants.

B.Hehastogivehisaudiencesomein-depthviews.

C.Heknowsit'sveryimportanttoattracttheattentionofhisaudience.

D.Heknowshowhedelivershisspeechdeterminestheaudience'sfeedback.Questions22to25arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

22.(17)

A.Husbandandwife.

B.Teacherandstudent.

C.Policemananddriver.

D.Motherandson.

23.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.

聽力原文：M:Womenwhoaremarried,havechildren,andworkfeelguiltybecausethey'renotraisingtheirchildrenthemselves.

W:Butwomenwhoaremarried,workanddon'thavechildrenarepressuredtohavechildren.

Whatdoesthemanimply?

(12)

A.Marriedwomendonothavetofeelguiltyfornotraisingchildrenthemselves.

B.Marriedwomendonothavetocareaboutthepressuretohavechildren.

C.Marriedwomenshouldnotworkiftheyhavegotchildren.

D.Marriedwomencanworkeventheyhavegotchildrenathome.

24.SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

聽力原文：EmilyDickinsonisoneofthegreatestAmericanpoets.ShewasborninatypicalNewEnglandvillageinMassachusettsonDecember10,1830.Shewasthesecondchildofthefamily,Shediedinthesamehousefifty-sixyearslater.Duringherlifetimesheneverlefthernativeland.Sheleftherhomestateonlyonce.Shelefthervillageveryfewtimes.Andafter1872sherarelyleftherhouseandyard.Inthelastyearsofherlifesheretreatedtoasmallerandsmallercircleoffamilyandfriends.Inthoselateryearsshedressedinwhiteandavoidedstrangers.Thedoctorwhoattendedherillnesswasallowedto"examine"herfromanotherroom,seeingherwalkbyanopeneddoor.Shewasthoughtofasa"strange"figureinherhomevillage.WhenshediedonMay15th,1886,shewasunknowntotherestoftheworld.Onlysevenofherpoemshadappearedinprint.ButtothinkofEmilyDickinsononlyasastrangefigureisaseriousmistake.Shelivedsimplyanddeliberately.Shefacedtheessentialfactsoflife.AccordingtoHenryJames,afamousAmericannovelist,shewasoneofthoseonwhomnothingwaslost.OnlybythuslivingcouldDickinsonmanagebothtofulfillherobligationsasadaughter,asister,andahousekeeperandtowriteontheaverageonepoemaday.Shereadonlyafewbooksbutknewthemdeeply.Herpoemsaresimplebutremarkablyrich.NotuntiltheI950swassherecognizedasoneofthegreatestAmericanpoets.

(27)

A.Almostallherlife.

B.Lessthanhalfherlife.

C.Until1830.

D.Before1872.

25.

【B5】

26.(28)

A.Heistoosloppy.

B.HeborrowsColin'sthings.

C.Hebringsguestsovertotheapartment.

D.Hedoesn'tusethekitchenenough.

27.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

Theoriginsofbottledwatercanbe【B1】______backtotheearliest【B2】______.Wellawareofwater'shealthfacts,theRomanssearchedforanddevelopedsourcesastheysetabout【B3】______theirempire.

Thespamovementthatbeganto【B4】______inEuropeintheeighteenthcenturyhaditsoriginsinbathsdatingfromRomantimes.Scienceand【B5】______toutednaturalmineralwater's【B6】______effectsforbathing,showeringanddrinking.Forexample,asearlyas1760,peoplecametoContrexevilleinFranceforacureto【B7】______kidneystones.Thespatraditionwasalsodevelopinginmanyothercountries,includingItalyandtheAmericas.

ColdspawaterswerebottledforthefirsttimeinFranceinthe1850s.ThelegalpermittobottleVittelGrandeSourcenaturalmineralwaterwas【B8】______searlyas1855.

【B9】__________________________.In1845,PolandSpringwaterwasbottledforsaleinthreegallondemi-johns.InSouthAmerica,SaoLourencobottledwaterappearedinBrazilin1890.【B10】_____________________thehautebourgeoisie,captainsofindustry,politicians,royalty,andsoon.Itwasbottledinglassorstoneware,withporcelainorcorkstoppers.Bythemid-nineteenthcentury,however,【B11】____________________________.Bottlingmethodschangedasconsumptionspread,andbythemid-twentiethcentury,globalproductionhadclimbedtoseveralhundredmillionbottles.

【B1】

28.聽力原文：W:Theadmissionpriceis$90perperson.That'sreallyexpensiveforjustoneshow.

M:You'reright.Butifyouhaveastudentcard,you'llgetinfor$30.

Q:Howmuchwillastudenthavetopayfortheshow?

(17)

A.Sixtydollars.

B.Thirtydollars.

C.Ninetydollars.

D.Onehundredandtwentydollars.

29.聽力原文：W:Haveyougotajobwaitingforyou?

M:No,IgaveupmyjobwhenIcamehere.Iworkedinashippingcompany,butitwasdocuments,documents,alldaylong.SoIdecidedIneededachange.NowI'mgoingtotryandgetajobwithatravelfirm.I'dlikeajobdealingwithpeople.

Q:Whatsortofafirmwouldsheliketoworkfor?

(15)

A.Theshippingcompany.

B.Thetravelfirm.

C.Thefirmdealingwithdocuments.

D.Thefirmwithalotofpeople.

30.(24)

A.Heisacollegeprofessor.

B.Heisintheacomputercompany.

C.Heisintheadvertisingbusiness.

D.Heisacomputerspecialist.

31.(26)

A.Youcangrowvegetablesvertically.

B.Youcanraiseplantsinaconfinedarea.

C.Youcanplantawidevarietyofplainstogether.

D.Youcanenjoythebeautifulscenery.

32.聽力原文：M:Beinganefficientsecretary,youshouldhavetofinishyourworkpunctuallyattheoffice,nottodoitnowathome.

W:Iknowthat.ButIhavebeenverybusyandIcouldn'tfinishitwhentheofficehourwasover.

Q:What'sprobablytherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?

(18)

A.Classmates.

B.Bossandsecretary.

C.Husbandandwife.

D.Teacherandstudent.

33.聽力原文：W:Hi,Steve!

M:Hi,Jan.I'mplanningtogotoLondonbytrain.Doyouwanttocomewithme?

W:Butit'dbecheaperbybus.

M:I'vegotastudenttravelcard.Youcangetcheaptrainticketswithit.

W:Thatsoundsgood.Howmuchdoesitcost?

M:Acardforsixmonthsissixteenpounds.

W:SohowdoIgetone?

M:Youneedtwophotographs—oneforthecardandonefortheform.

W:There'saphotomachineinthepostoffice.Itgivesyoufourphotosforthreepounds.

M:Sodoestheoneinthelibrary.ButIwenttoaphotographer'sstudio.Itwascheaper.

W:Idon'thavetoshowmypassportormydrivinglicense,doI?

M:No,Jan,youonlyneedaletterfromyourcollege.

W:OK,I'llaskmyteacherforone.

M:Andthenyoutakeeverythingtothetouristofficeandaskthetravelagent.

W:Great,nexttimeyougotoLondon,I'llcometoo!

(23)

A.￡6.B.￡16.C.￡60.D.￡66.

34.(42)

35.聽力原文：Togetadriver'slicenseintheU.S.,allstatesrequirethatyoubeaboveacertainage,thatyouknowhowtodrive,andthatyouknowabouttrafficlawsandsafetyrules.

Inmoststates,youhavetobeatleastsixteenyearsoldtostartlearningtodrive.Anyoneyoungerthanthatwhositsbehindthewheelofamovingcarisviolatingthelaw,evenffheorsheiscloselysupervised.Agesixteenisalsotheminimumageinmoststatesfortakingdriver'seducationcoursesinschools.

Driver'seducationcoursesbeginwithclassroominstructionontherulesoftheroadandtrafficlaws.Youlearn,forexample,howfastitissafetogoincertainareas,whattodoffafireengineisnear,andwhatthedifferentroadsignsmean,Whenyoufinishtheclassroomcourse,youcanapplyforaLearner'sPermit.Insomestatesyouhavetotakeatestbeforeyoureceivethepermit.

WhenyouhaveyourLearner'sPermit,youareallowedtodriveacarundersupervision.Thismeansthatyoucandriveonlywhenyouareaccompaniedbyalicenseddriver.Itisduringthisperiodthatyouactuallylearntodrive.Youlearntosteerthecar,tostartit,topassothercars,toparkandalltheotherpracticalthingsyouwillneedtoknow.

YourLearner'sPermitisgoodforonlyalimitedamountoftime,sinceitisexpectedthatyouwillbereadytotakethetestforyourlicenseafterarelativelyshortperiodofinstruction.

(30)

A.Howtodriveacar.

B.HowtogetadrivinglicenseinAmerica.

C.TrafficlawsandsafetyrulesinAmerica.

D.Theagerequirementfordrivingacar.

36.聽力原文：M：DidyouhearthatBobgotsickyesterdayduringthefinalexamination?

W：Yes，Idid．Ithinklatelyhehasbittenoffmorethanhecanchewinstudyingandworking．

Q：Whatdoesthewomanmean?

(14)

A.Healwayseatsmorethanhecanchew.

B.Heeatswhilestudyingandworking.

C.Hegotsickbecauseheatetoomuch.

D.Bobistryingtostudyandworktoomuch.

37.(36)

A.Hewashidingfromthestormunderatree.

B.Heawokewithhisfaceinapuddleofwater.

C.Hewashappywhenhesawhiswifeforthefirsttimeinnineyears.

D.Theexacttimewhenhebecameblind.

38.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

Therearemanyexpensesincludedinmilitaryoperations.Themore(36)______themilitaryis,themorecostsare(37)______.Wheredoesacountrygetthemoneytogotowar?DuringWorldWarⅡ,itwasthroughthesaleofwarbonds.

Itwasinthespringof1941.Anditbecame(38)______obviousthattheU.S.wouldbedrawnintotheEuropean(39)______.InMay,theseriesEDefenseBondswereissued.Whenwarwas(40)______,thenameofthebondswaschangedfromdefensetowarto(41)______thepatriotismofthepeople.TheWarBondsnotonlyraisedmoneyforthegovernmentbutalsoactedasaninvestmentforthegeneralpublic.Atendollarbondwas(42)______for$7.50or75%ofitsfacevalue.Intenyearsthebondwouldreach(43)______andbeworthitsfacevalue.(44)____________.Manypeoplecouldnotaffordeventheleastexpensivebonds,yettheywantedtoparticipate.

ThekeytosellingthebondsandpayingthecostofthewarrestedupontheFederalgovernment'sabilitytogetthewordout.(45)____________.SotheWarFinanceCommitteethoughtofadvertising,andturnedtothenewspapersandradionetworksforhelp.(46)____________.Theyconsideredittheirpatrioticduty.Afterthefirstmonthofadvertising,pollsshowedthat90%ofthepublicknewaboutthedifferentwaystobuyWarBonds.

39.(34)

A.Theylivedasimplerlifethanvillagerstoday.

B.Theyknewfewerpeoplethanvillagerstoday.

C.Theyfounditdifficulttoenjoythemselves.

D.Theyhadnothingtodointheevenings.

40.聽力原文：W:Wow,lookatalltheseoldbooksonthisShelf.They'vegottobeatleastonehundredyearsold.I'llbetthey'reworthalottocollectors.

M:Well,they'vegotalotofsentimentalValueforme,butthat'saboutit.

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

(15)

A.Heplanstosellthebookstoacollector.

B.Theoldbooksareworthalottocollectors.

C.Hewon'tsellthebooksuntilhehasreadthem.

D.Thebooksprobablyaren'tworthmuchintermsofmoney.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20題)41.

Whatdoestheunderlinedword"cross"inthefirstparagraphreferto?

42.

Theviewersofthelivevideoarefromaroundtheworldandmanyofthemare______.

43.Whatshouldbediscussedonspankingaccordingtotheauthor?

A.Whichpartofbodyshouldbehit.

B.Whatpotentialsideeffectsithas.

C.Whetherparentshaverightstospank.

D.Howtopreventinjurywhenspanking.

44.

Whichofthefollowingdoestheauthorseemtoprefer?

A.Thattheearthbehavesasaliquidresultinmanygreatoceans.

B.Thetemperatureofthesinkingplateislowerthanitssurrounding.

C.Thetraditionalviewoftheoriginoftheoceanbasinisthoroughlywrong.

D.NeithertheAfricannortheAmericanplatemovesaccordingtothealternativetheory.

45.

Whatisthegovernor'sattitudetowardthedemonstration?

46.

Theword"them"(Line6,Para.3)refersto______.

A.gaps

B.roadcourtesies

C.otherdriversontheroad

D.chancesforadrivertoaccelerate

47.

Whatcanbeinferredfromthesecondsentenceofthelastparagraph?

A.Energyparkswillbebuiltuponpreviouslyundevelopedsites.

B.Energyparkswillbebuiltinareasremotefrommajorpopulationcenters.

C.Energyparkscanbebuiltinaconcentratedplacetoserveabigcity.

D.Energyparkswillbebuiltatsitesthatarenearfuelsourcessuchascoal.

48.

BecauseoftheAscotwoman's______,thestickhadtobepulledoutfromtheground.

49.

Whatisscientists'attitudetowardsthefutureofChadLake?

A.Pessimism.B.Hopeful.C.Indifferent.D.Doubtful.

50.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

Anindustrialsociety,especiallyoneascentralizedandconcentratedasthatofBritain,isheavilydependentoncertainessentialservices:forinstance,electricitysupply,water,railandroadtransport,theharbors.Theareaofdependencyhaswidenedtoincluderemovingrubbish,hospitalandambulanceservices,and,astheeconomydevelops,centralcomputerandinformationservicesaswell.Ifanyoftheseservicesceasestooperate,thewholeeconomicsystemisindanger.

Itisthiseconomicinterdependencyoftheeconomicsystemwhichmakesthepoweroftradeunionsuchanimportantissue.Singletradeunionshavetheabilitytocutoffmanycountries'economicbloodsupply.ThiscanhappenmoreeasilyinBritainthaninsomeothercountries,inpartbecausethelaborforceishighlyorganized.About55percentof'Britainworkersbelongtounions,comparedtounderaquarterintheUnitedstates.Forhistoricalreasons,Britain'sunionshavetendedtodevelopalongtradeandoccupationallines,ratherthanonanindustry-by-industrybasis,whichmakesawagespolicy,democracyinindustryandtheimprovementofprocedureforfixingwagelevelsdifficulttoachieve.

Thereareconsiderablestrainsandtensionsinthetradeunionmovement,someofthemarisingfromtheiroutdatedandinefficientstructure.Someunionshavelostmanymembersbecauseoftheirindustrialchanges.Othersareinvolvedinargumentsaboutwhoshouldrepresentworkersinnewtrades.Unionsforskilledtradesareseparatefromgeneralunions,whichmeanthatdifferentlevelsofwagesforcertainjobsareoftenasourceofbadfeelingbetweenunions.Intraditionaltradeswhicharebeingpushedoutofexistencebyadvancingtechnologies,unionscanfightfortheirmembers'disappointingjobstothepointwherethejobsofotherunionmembers'arethreatenedordestroyed.TheprintingofnewspapersbothintheUnitedStatesandinBritainhasfrequentlybeenhaltedbytheeffortsofprinterstoholdontotheirtraditionalhighlypaidjobs.

Tradeunionshaveproblemsofinternalcommunicationjustasmanagersincompaniesdo,problemswhichmultiplyinverylargeunionsorinthosewhichbringworkersinverydifferentindustriestogetherintoasinglegeneralunion.Sometradeunionofficialshavetobere-electedregularly;othersareelected,orevenappointed,forlife.Tradeunionofficialshavetoworkwithasystemof"shopsteward"inmanyunions,"shopsteward"beingworkerselectedbyotherworkersastheirrepresentativesatfactoryorworkslevel.

Britain'sdependencyoncertainessentialserviceshasgreatlywidenedandbecomeakeyroleinthecountry's______.

51.Theenergycrisis,whichisbeingfeltaroundtheworld,hasdramatizedhowthecarelessuseoftheearth'sresourceshasbroughtthewholeworldtothebrinkofdisaster.Theov