2015年英語四級(jí)長(zhǎng)篇閱讀匹配練習(xí)題

2015年英語四級(jí)長(zhǎng)篇閱讀匹配練習(xí)題(7)頁(yè)年英語四級(jí)長(zhǎng)篇閱讀匹配練習(xí)題(7)Exorbitant(過分的)PrivilegeA.IN2012ICBC，astate．controlledChinesecompanythatistheworld’smostvaluablebank，boughtfour-fifthsoftheArgentinesubsidiaryofStandardBank，aSouthAfricanfirm．ThedeA.washailedasaleapforwardfor“South-South”co-operation—directeconomictiesbetweenemergingmarkets(新興市場(chǎng))．Butonegroupoffich-worldmiddlemengotasliceoftheaction：lawyers．ICBCwasrepresentedbyLinklaters，anEnglishfirm，andStandardBankbyJonesDay,anAmericanone．ThedealwasmadeunderEnglishlaw,withanydifferencestobesettledinA.lEnglisharbitrationcenter．

B.ThoughemergingmarketsnowaccountforoverhA.ftheworld’sGDPatpurchasing-powerparity(購(gòu)買力平價(jià))，andtradebetweenthemisbooming，justtwodevelopedcountriesretainastrangleholdoncross-borderfinance，investment，mergersandacquisitions．JustasAmericabenefitsfromissuingtheworld’sreservecurrency,Americaanditsformercolonialmaster,Britain,enjoytheexorbitantprivilegeofissuingtheworld’s“reservelaw”．AglobalsurveybyQueenMaryUniversityinLondonin2010ofgeneralcounselsandlegal-departmentheadsfoundthat40％mostfrequentlydidbusinessusingEnglishlawandanother22％American．generallythelawofNewYorkstate．Noothercountry’slawgotasignificantshare．

C.AmericaandBritainreaplargerewardsfromtheirlegaldominance．oftheworld’s100highest-grossinglawfirms，91havetheirheadquartersinoneofthetwo．America’slegA.sectorisbiggerthantheGDPofPeru；thoughmuchofthatisbecauseofAmericans’litigiousness．a(chǎn)goodchunkcomesfromforeignwork．TheNewYorkofficesofAmericanfirmsearnaround$1．8billionannuallyfrominternational．disputeresolution．a(chǎn)lmosttwo．thirdsoflitigantsinEnglishcommerciA.courtsareforeign．At1．5％．thelegA.sector’sshareofBritishGDPisnearlydoublethatinotherbigEuropeancountries．

D.Otherbitsofbothcountries’economiesfeeltheripples(余波)，t00．Foreignersvisitingforlegalhearingsstayinhotelsandeatinrestaurants．Aspiringlawyersfromaroundtheworldpaytoattendtheiruniversitiesandspreadgoodwillwhentheygohome．DependenceonAmericanandBritishlawfirmsmakesitharderfordeA.makerstomovefromNewYorkandLondontoHongKongorFrankfurt．Britain’sgovernmentdescribeslawyersas“centraltotheexportofotherprofessionA.services”suchasaccounting，assetmanagementandbanking．

E.Thecompetitionisoftenweak：muchofChina’scommerciallawwaswrittenbyCommunistPartyofficialsandisfiddledwitherrors：andthoughIndiaadoptedmuchofEnglishcommonlaw,itscourtsarenotoriouslyslow．Buttheincumbents’biggestadvantageisthattheyhavecommon.lawsystemswithcenturiesofbindingprecedent．Thatmeanstheyofferasmuchcertaintyasanyjurisdiction(司法權(quán))can．Incivil-lawcountriessuchasFrance，PortugalandSpain，andtheirex-colonies，judgeshavewidelatitudetointerpretstatutes，increasingtheriskofnastylegalsurprises．Civilsystemsplacemorerestrictionsonacceptableclauses，andoftenconsidertheinterestsofthirdparties，suchasworkersorconsumers．

L.Inthelongrun，developingcountriesmaybebiggerlosers．Localarbitrationmayfacilitatedealsandbolstershort．termgrowth．Butifitreducesthepressurefrommultinationalsandlocalfinnsforsimplerlaws，berercourtsandlesspoliticalcorruption，itmaydelayattemptstoestablishlegalsystemsthatworknotjustforbusinessesb．utforeveryoneelsetoo．

46．ChinaandIndiawouldbeveryfragileinthecompetitionbecauseoftheirwrongcommerciallawsandinemcientcourts．

47．Theexorbitantprivilegeofissuingworld’s“reservelaw”makeAmericanandBritaintheabsolutewinnersinglobalbusinessresortingtotheirlaws．

48．Onthecontrary，domesticarbitrationisconsideredaslegalstandardstobeadoptedimmediately．

49．AmericaandBritainmostlygainprofitsfromtheirleadingroleinprovidinglegalrulings．

50．Thelawyers，middlemenofrichworld，tookashareofspoilsinthedeal．

51．Localarbitrationmaybringsomefacilitiesinashorttime，whileitdelaystheintentionforeveryonetoestablishlegalsystemsinthefuture．

52．Accordingtoarecentsurvey,ChinesejurisdictionhasbeenthesecondmostchallengingoneafterAmerica．

53．ItisawisechoiceforforeignfinnsinBraziltoacceptthelocA.arbitrationratherthanpoliticizedandinefficientcourts．

54．Itisatoughtasktobreakthisduopolyinashorttime．

55．StronglyrelyingonAmericanandBritainlawfirmsrenderitdifficultforpartiestotrustotherreliablefirms，suchasHongKongandFrankfurt．46．ChinaandIndiawouldbeveryfragileinthecompetitionbecauseoftheirwrongcommerciallawsandinefficientcourts．由于其錯(cuò)誤百出的商法和低效率的法庭，中國(guó)和印度完全沒有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。

【解析】E)根據(jù)題目中同時(shí)出現(xiàn)的China，competition和India可以將答案定位在E段的額句首。競(jìng)爭(zhēng)通常是無力的：中國(guó)的多數(shù)商法是由中共官員所撰寫，并且錯(cuò)誤百出，即使印度已經(jīng)大量引進(jìn)了英國(guó)普通法，他們的法庭是出名的沒效率。由此可知本題為此句的句意壓縮型同義轉(zhuǎn)換。故選E）

47．Theexorbitantprivilegeofissuingworld’s“reservelaw”makeAmericanandBritaintheabsolutewinnersinglobalbusinessresortingtotheirlaws．英美可以制定世界“儲(chǔ)備法”的過分特權(quán)使其在國(guó)際貿(mào)易中成為絕對(duì)的贏家，他們的法律是完成國(guó)際貿(mào)易的依據(jù)。

【解析】B)題中的exorbitantprivilege和reservelaw就是該題的題眼，由此答案鎖定在B段。美國(guó)從發(fā)行世界儲(chǔ)備貨幣中受益，因此，他和其起前殖民宗主國(guó)英國(guó)都在享受著凌駕于世界“儲(chǔ)備法”之上的特權(quán)。國(guó)家貿(mào)易多以英美法律為據(jù)，這表明該題目為此段落的句意總結(jié)。故選B)

48．Onthecontrary,domesticarbitrationisconsideredaslegalstandardstobeadoptedimmediately．相反地，國(guó)內(nèi)仲裁被看作是合法的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，應(yīng)該立刻被采納。

49．AmericaandBritainmostlygainprofitsfromtheirleadingroleinprovidinglegalrulings．英美大部分的收益源于其在提供合法裁決方面的領(lǐng)先地位。

50．Thelawyers，middlemenofrichworld，tookashareofspoilsinthedeal．作為發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的中間人，律師也在這次交易中分得一杯羹。

51．LocA.arbitrationmaybringsomefacilitiesinashorttime，whileitdelaystheintentionforeveryonetoestablishlegalsyst