2018年6月英語四級考試真題及答案-第1套

2018年6月英語四級考試真題及答案第1套PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayontheimportanceofreadingabilityandhowtodevelopit.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.PartIIListeningComprehension(25minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreenewsreports.Attheendofeachnewsreport,youwillheartwoorthreequestions.Boththenewsreportandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions1and2arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.1.A)Thereturnofabottledmessagetoitsowner'sdaughter.

B)ANewHampshireman'sjokewithfriendsonhiswife.

C)Afather'smessageforhisdaughter.

D)Thehistoryofacentury-oldmotel.

2.A)Shewantedtoshowgratitudeforhiskindness.

B)Shewantedtohonorherfather'spromise.

C)Shehadbeenaskedbyherfathertodoso.

D)Shewasexcitedtoseeherfather'shandwriting.Questions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.3.A)Peoplewereconcernedaboutthenumberofbees.

B)SeveralcasesofZikadiseasehadbeenidentified.

C)Twomillionbeeswereinfectedwithdisease.

D)Zikavirushaddestroyedsomebeefarms.

4.A)Itapologizedtoitscustomers.

B)Itwasforcedtokillitsbees.

C)Itlostahugestockofbees.

D)Itlost2.5milliondollars.Questions5to7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.5.A)Itstayedintheairforabouttwohours.

B)Ittookoffandlandedonafootballfield.

C)Itprovedtobeofhighcommercialvalue.

D)Itmadeaseriesofsharpturnsinthesky.

6.A)Engineeringproblems.

B)Theairpollutionitproduced.

C)Inadequatefunding.

D)Theoppositionfromthemilitary.

7.A)Itusesthelatestaviationtechnology.

B)Itfliesfasterthanacommercialjet.

C)Itisasafermeansoftransportation.

D)Itismoreenvironmentallyfriendly.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.8.A)Itseemsadepressingtopic.

B)Itsoundsquitealarming.

C)Ithaslittleimpactonourdailylife.

D)Itisgettingmoreseriousthesedays.

9.A)Themandoesn'tunderstandSpanish.

B)Thewomandoesn'treallylikedancing.

C)Theydon'twantsomethingtoonoisy.

D)Theycan'tmakeittothetheatreintime.

10.A)ItwouldbemorefunwithoutMr.Whiteheadhosting.

B)Ithastoomanyactstoholdtheaudience'sattention.

C)Itisthemostamusingshowhehaseverwatched.

D)Itisashowinappropriateforanightofcharity.

11.A)Watchacomedy.

B)Goandseethedance.

C)Booktheticketsonline.

D)Seeafilmwiththeman.SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.AnofficetoweronMillerStreetinManchesteriscompletelycoveredinsolarpanels.Theyareusedtocreatesomeoftheenergyusedbytheinsurancecompanyinside.Whenthetowerwasfirst26in1962,itwascoveredwiththinsquarestones.Thesesmallsquarestonesbecameaproblemforthebuildingandcontinuedtofalloffthefacefor40yearsuntilamajorrenovationwas27.Duringthisrenovationthebuilding'sowners,CIS,28thesolarpanelcompany,Solarcentury.Theyagreedtocovertheentirebuildinginsolarpanels.In2004,thecompletedCIStowerbecameEurope'slargest29ofverticalsolarpanels.Averticalsolarprojectonsuchalarge30hasneverbeenrepeatedsince.

Coveringaskyscraperwithsolarpanelshadneverbeendonebefore,andtheCIStowerwaschosenasoneofthe"10bestgreenenergyprojects".Foralongtimeafterthisrenovationproject,itwasthetallestbuildingintheUnitedKingdom,butitwas31overtakenbytheMillbankTower.

Greenbuildingslikethisaren't32cost-efficientfortheinvestor,butitdoesproducemuchlesspollutionthanthatcausedbyenergy33throughfossilfuels.Assolarpanelsget34,theworldislikelytoseemoreskyscraperscoveredinsolarpanels,collectingenergymuchliketreesdo.Imagineaworldwherebuildingthetallestskyscraperwasn'taraceof35,butratheronetocollectthemostsolarenergy.

A)cheaperB)cleanerC)collectionD)competedE)constructedF)consultedG)dimensionH)discoveredI)eventuallyJ)heightK)necessarilyL)productionM)rangeN)scaleO)undertakenSectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.SomeCollegeStudentsAreAngryThatTheyHavetoPaytoDoTheirHomeworkA)Digitallearningsystemsnowchargestudentsforaccesscodesneededtocompletecoursework,takequizzes,andturninhomework.Asuniversitiesgodigital,studentsarecomplainingofanewhittotheirfinancesthat'sreplacing—andsometimesjoining—expensivetextbooks:priceyonlineaccesscodesthatarerequiredtocompletecourseworkandsubmitassignments.

B)Thecodes—whichtypicallyrangeinpricefrom$80to$155percourse—givestudentsonlineaccesstosystemsdevelopedbyeducationcompanieslikeMcGrawHillandPearson.Thesecompanies,whichlongreapedbigprofitsastextbookpublishers,haveboastedthattheirnewonlineofferings,whenpushedtostudentsthroughuniversitiestheypartnerwith,representthefutureoftheindustry.

C)Butcriticssaythedigitalaccesscodesrepresentthesameprofit-seekingethos(觀念)ofthetextbookbusiness,andareevenharderforstudentstooptoutof.Whiletheycouldoncebuysecond-handtextbooks,orsharecopieswithfriends,thedigitalsystemsareessentiallyimpossibletoavoid.

D)"Whenwetalkabouttheaccesscodeweseeitasthenewfaceofthetextbookmonopoly(壟斷),anewwaytolockstudentsaroundthissystem,"saidEthanSenack,thehighereducationadvocatefortheU.S.PublicInterestResearchGroup,toBuzzFeedNews."Ratherthan$250(foraprinttextbook)you'repaying$120,"saidSenack."Butbecauseit'salldigitaliteliminatestheusedbookmarketandeliminatesanysharingandbecausehomeworkandtestsarethroughanaccesscode,iteliminatesanyabilitytooptout."

E)SarinaHarpet,a19-year-oldstudentatVirginiaTech,wasfacedwithatoughdilemmawhenshefirststartedcollegein2015—payrentorpaytoturninherchemistryhomework.ShetoldBuzzFeedNewsthatherfreshmanchemistryclassrequiredhertouseConnect,asystemprovidedbyMcGrawHillwherestudentscansubmithomework,takeexamsandtracktheirgrades.Butthecodetoaccesstheprogramcost$120—abigsumforHarper,whohadalreadyputdown$450fortextbooks,andhadrentdayapproaching.

F)Shedecidedtowaitforhernextwork-studypaycheck,whichwastypically$150-$200,topayforthecode.Sheknewthatherchemistrygrademaytakeadiveasaresult."It'sabalancingact,"shesaid."CanIreallyaffordtheseaccesscodesnow?"Shedidn'thandinherfirsttwoassignmentsforchemistry,whichstartedheroutintheclasswithafailinggrade.

G)Theaccesscodesmaybeanotherfinancialheadacheforstudents,butfortextbookbusinesses,they'rethefuture.McGrawHill,whichcontrols21%ofthehighereducationmarket,reportedinMarchthatitsdigitalcontentsalesexceededprintsalesforthefirsttimein2015.Thecompanysaidthat45%ofits$140millionrevenuein2015"wasderivedfromdigitalproducts."

H)APearsonspokespersontoldBuzzFeedNewsthat"digitalmaterialsarelessexpensiveandagoodinvestment"thatoffernewfeatures,likeaudiotexts,personalizedknowledgechecksandexpertvideos.Itsdigitalcoursematerialssavestudentsupto60%comparedtotraditionalprintedtextbooks,thecompanyadded.McGrawHilldidn'trespondtoarequestforcomment,butitsCEODavidLevintoldtheFinancialTimesinAugustthat"inhighereducation,theeraoftheprintedtextbookisnowover."

I)Thetextbookindustryinsiststheonlinesystemsrepresentabetterdealforstudents."Thesedigitalproductsaren'tjustmechanismsforstudentstosubmithomework,theyofferallkindsoffeatures,"DavidAnderson,theexecutivedirectorofhighereducationwiththeAssociationofAmericanPublishers,toldBuzzFeedNews."Ithelpsstudentsunderstandinawaythatyoucan'tdowithprinthomeworkassignments."

J)DavidHunt,anassociateprofessorinsociologyatAugustaUniversity,whichhasrolledoutdigitaltextbooksacrossitsmathandpsychologydepartments,toldBuzzFeedNewsthatheunderstandstheutilityofusingsystemsthatrequireaccesscodes.Buthedoesn'trequirehisstudentstobuyaccesstoalearningprogramthatcontrolstheclassassignments."Itrytomakethingsasinexpensiveaspossible,"saidHunt,whousesfreedigitaltextbooksforhisclassesbutdesignshisowncurriculum."TheonlinesystemsmaymakemylifealoteasierbutIfeellikeI'mgivingupcontrol.Thediscussionsarethethingswheremyexpertisecanbenefitthestudentsmost."

K)A20-year-oldjunioratGeorgiaSouthernUniversitytoldBuzzFeedNewsthatshenormallyspends$500-$600onaccesscodesforclass.Inonecase,theprofessordidn'trequirestudentstobuyatextbook,justanaccesscodetoturninhomework.Thisyearshesaidshespent$900onaccesscodestobooksandprograms."That'stwomonthsofrent,"shesaid."Youcan'tsellanyofitback.Withatraditionaltextbookyoucansellitfor$30-$50andthathelpstopayforyournewsemester'sbooks.Withanaccesscode,you'reoutofthatmoney."

L)BenjaminWolverton,a19-year-oldstudentattheUniversityofSouthCarolina,toldBuzzFeedNewsthat"it'sridiculousthatafterpayingtensofthousandsintuitionwehavetopayforalltheseaccesscodestodoourhomework."Manyoftheaccesscodeshe'spurchasedhavebeenrequiredsimplytocompletehomeworkorquizzes."Oftenit'sonly10%ofyourgradeinclass."hesaid."You'repayingsomuchmoneyforsomethingthathardlyaffectsyourgrade—butifyoudidn'thaveit,itwouldaffectyourgradesenough.ItwouldbebadtostartoutataBorC."Wolvertonsaidhespent$500onaccesscodesfordigitalbooksandprogramsthissemester.

M)Harper,apoultry(家禽)sciencemajor,istakingchemistryagainthisyearandhadtobuyanewaccesscodetohandinherhomework.Sherentedhereconomicsandstatisticstextbooksforabout$20each.Butheraccesscodesforhomework,whichcan'tberentedorboughtsecond-hand,werehermostexpensivepurchases:$120and$85.

N)Shestillremembersthestingofherfirstexperienceskippinganassignmentduetothehighprices."Wedon'treallyhaveamissedassignmentpolicy,"shesaid."Ifyoumissit,youjustmissit.Ijustgotzerosonacoupleoffirstassignments.Imanagedtopulleverythingbackup.Butasascaredfreshmanlookingattheirgrades,it'snotfun."

36.Astudent'syearlyexpensesonaccesscodesmayamounttotheirrentfortwomonths.

37.Theonlineaccesscodesmaybeseenasawaytotiethestudentstothedigitalsystem.

38.Ifastudenttakesacourseagain,theymayhavetobuyanewaccesscodetosubmittheirassignments.

39.McGrawHillaccountsforoverone-fifthofthemarketshareofcollegetextbooks.

40.Manytraditionaltextbookpublishersarenowofferingonlinedigitalproducts,whichtheybelievewillbethefutureofthepublishingbusiness.

41.Onestudentcomplainedthattheynowhadtopayforaccesscodesinadditiontothehightuition.

42.Digitalmaterialscancoststudentslessthanhalfthepriceoftraditionalprintedbooksaccordingtoapublisher.

43.Onestudentdecidednottobuyheraccesscodeuntilshereceivedthepayforherpart-timejob.

44.Onlinesystemsmaydepriveteachersofopportunitiestomakethebestuseoftheirexpertisefortheirstudents.

45.Digitalaccesscodesarecriticizedbecausetheyareprofit-drivenjustlikethetextbookbusiness.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46and50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Losingyourabilitytothinkandrememberisprettyscary.Weknowtheriskofdementia(癡呆癥)increaseswithage.Butifyouhavememoryslips,youprobablyneedn'tworry.Thereareprettycleardifferencesbetweensignsofdementiaandage-relatedmemoryloss.

Afterage50,it'squitecommontohavetroublerememberingthenamesofpeople,placesandthingsquickly,saysDr.KirkDaffnerofBrighamandWomen'sHospitalinBoston.

Thebrainagesjustliketherestofthebody.Certainpartsshrink,especiallyareasinthebrainthatareimportanttolearning,memoryandplanning.Changesinbraincellscanaffectcommunicationbetweendifferentregionsofthebrain.Andbloodflowcanbereducedasbloodvesselsnarrow.

Forgettingthenameofanactorinafavoritemovie,forexample,isnothingtoworryabout.Butifyouforgettheplotofthemovieordon'trememberevenseeingit,that'sfarmoreconcerning,Daffnersays.

Whenyouforgetentireexperiences,hesays,that's"aredflagthatsomethingmoreseriousmaybeinvolved."Forgettinghowtooperateafamiliarobjectlikeamicrowaveoven,orforgettinghowtodrivetothehouseofafriendyou'vevisitedmanytimesbeforecanalsobesignsofsomethinggoingwrong.

Buteventhen,Daffnersays,peopleshouldn'tpanic.Therearemanythingsthatcancauseconfusionandmemoryloss,includinghealthproblemsliketemporarystoppageofbreathingduringsleep,highbloodpressure,ordepression,aswellasmedications(藥物)likeantidepressants.

Youdon'thavetofigurethisoutonyourown.Daffnersuggestsgoingtoyourdoctortocheckonmedications,healthproblemsandotherissuesthatcouldbeaffectingmemory.Andthebestdefenseagainstmemorylossistotrytopreventitbybuildingupyourbrain'scognitive(認知的)reserve,Daffnersays.

"Readbooks,gotomovies,takeonnewhobbiesoractivitiesthatforceonetothinkinnovelways,"hesays.Inotherwords,keepyourbrainbusyandworking.Andalsogetphysicallyactive,becauseexerciseisaknownbrainbooster.

46.Whydoestheauthorsaythatoneneedn'tbeconcernedaboutmemoryslips?

A)Notallofthemaresymptomsofdementia.

B)Theyoccuronlyamongcertaingroupsofpeople.

C)Notallofthemarerelatedtoone'sage.

D)Theyarequitecommonamongfifty-year-olds.

47.Whathappensaswebecomeagedaccordingtothepassage?

A)Ourinteractionskillsdeteriorate.

B)Somepartsofourbrainstopfunctioning.

C)Communicationwithinourbrainweakens.

D)Ourwholebrainstartsshrinking.

48.Whichmemory-relatedsymptomshouldpeopletakeseriously?

A)Totallyforgettinghowtodoone'sdailyroutines.

B)Inabilitytorecalldetailsofone'slifeexperiences.

C)Failuretorememberthenamesofmoviesoractors.

D)Occasionallyconfusingtheaddressesofone'sfriends.

49.Whatshouldpeopledowhensignsofseriousmemorylossshowup?

A)Checkthebrain'scognitivereserve.

B)Stopmedicationsaffectingmemory.

C)Turntoaprofessionalforassistance.

D)Exercisetoimprovetheirwell-being.

50.WhatisDr.Daffner'sadviceforcombatingmemoryloss?

A)Havingregularphysicalandmentalcheckups.

B)Takingmedicinethathelpsboostone'sbrain.

C)Engaginginknownmemoryrepairactivities.

D)Stayingactivebothphysicallyandmentally.PassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.AletterwrittenbyCharlesDarwinin1875hasbeenreturnedtotheSmithsonianInstitutionArchives(檔案館)bytheFBIafterbeingstolentwice.

"Werealizedinthemid-1970sthatitwasmissing,"saysEffieKapsalis,headoftheSmithsonianInsitutionArchives."Itwasnotedasmissingandlikelytakenbyanintern(實習(xí)生),fromwhattheFBIistellingus.Wordgotoutthatitwasmissingwhensomeoneaskedtoseetheletterforresearchpurposes,"andtheinternputtheletterback."Theinternlikelytooktheletteragainoncenobodywaswatchingit."

Decadespassed.Finally,theFBIreceivedatipthatthestolendocumentwaslocatedveryclosetoWashington,D.C.Theirartcrimeteamrecoveredtheletterbutwereunabletopresschargesbecausethetimeoflimitationshadended.TheFBIworkedcloselywiththeArchivestodeterminethattheletterwasbothauthenticanddefinitelySmithsonian'sproperty.

TheletterwaswrittenbyDarwintothankanAmericangeologist,Dr.FerdinandVandeveerHayden,forsendinghimcopiesofhisresearchintothegeologyoftheregionthatwouldbecomeYellowstoneNationalPark.

Theletterisinfairlygoodcondition,inspiteofbeingoutofthecareoftrainedmuseumstaffforsolong."Itwasluckilyingoodshape,"saysKapsalis,"andwejusthavetodosomeminorthingsinordertobeabletounfoldit.Ithassomeglueonitthathascoloreditslightly,butnothingthatwillpreventusfromusingit.Afteritisrepaired,wewilltakedigitalphotosofitandthatwillbeavailableonline.Oneofourgoalsistogetitemsofhighresearchvalueorinteresttothepubliconline."

Itwouldnowbedifficultforanintern,visitororathieftostealadocumentlikethis."Archivingpracticeshavechangedgreatlysincethe1970s,"saysKapsalis,"andwekeepourhighvaluedocumentsinasafethatIdon'tevenhaveaccessto."

51.WhathappenedtoDarwin'sletterinthe1970s?

A)ItwasrecoveredbytheFBI.

B)Itwasstolenmorethanonce.

C)Itwasputinthearchivesforresearchpurposes.

D)ItwaspurchasedbytheSmithsonianArchives.

52.WhatdidtheFBIdoaftertherecoveryoftheletter?

A)Theyproveditsauthenticity.

B)Theykeptitinaspecialsafe.

C)Theyarrestedthesuspectimmediately.

D)Theypressedcriminalchargesinvain.

53.WhatisDarwin'sletterabout?

A)TheevolutionofYellowstoneNationalPark.

B)HiscooperationwithanAmericangeologist.

C)Somegeologicalevidencesupportinghistheory.

D)Hisacknowledgementofhelpfromaprofessional.

54.WhatwilltheSmithsonianInstitutionArchivesdowiththeletteraccordingtoKapsalis?

A)Reserveitforresearchpurposesonly.

B)Turnitintoanobjectofhighinterest.

C)Keepitapermanentsecret.

D)Makeitavailableonline.

55.WhathasthepasthalfcenturywitnessedaccordingtoKapsalis?

A)Growinginterestinrareartobjects.

B)Radicalchangesinarchivingpractices.

C)Recoveryofvariousmissingdocuments.

D)Increasesinthevalueofmuseumexhibits.PartIVTranslation(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouransweronAnswerSheet2.

過去，乘飛機出行對大多數(shù)中國人來說是難以想象的。如今，隨著經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展和生活水平的提高，越來越多的中國人包括許多農(nóng)民和外出務(wù)工人員都能乘飛機出行。他們可以乘飛機到達所有大城市，還有很多城市也在籌建機場。航空服務(wù)不斷改進，而且經(jīng)常會有廉價機票。近年來，節(jié)假日期間選擇乘飛機外出旅游的人數(shù)在不斷增加。2018年6月四級部分真題參考答案(完整版)PartⅠWritingTheImportanceofReadingAbilityandHowtoDevelopItIt'swellknownthatbooksarethequintessenceofhumanwisdom.Readingistothemindwhatexerciseistothebody.Therearemanyfamoussayingsaboutreadingthroughoutthehistorysuchas“Readingmakesafullman.”Indeed,theimportanceofreadingcanneverbetoomuchstressed.Thus,herecomestohowtodevelopsuchability.Tobeginwith,asanoldproverbsays,“Practicemakesperfect.”,whatweneedtodoistoreadasmorebooksaswecan,nomatterwhetheritisadigitalversionorhardcover.Secondly,sincet