高三下冊(cè)英語(yǔ)材料必修五知識(shí)點(diǎn)2023

高三下冊(cè)英語(yǔ)材料必修五知識(shí)點(diǎn)2023高三下冊(cè)英語(yǔ)必修五知識(shí)點(diǎn)1linkAtoB將A和B連接起來(lái)referto1)提及，指的是……e.g.Whenhesaid“somestudents”,doyouthinkhewasreferringtous?參考;查閱;詢問(wèn)e.g.Ifyoudon'tunderstandawordyoumayrefertoyourdictionaries.Pleaserefertothelastpageofthebookforanswers.關(guān)系到;關(guān)乎e.g.WhatIhavetosayreferstoallofyou.Thisrulereferstoeveryone.reference:n.參考e.g.referencebooks參考書toone'ssurprise(prep)“toone's+名詞”表“令某人……”常見(jiàn)的名詞有“delight,disappointment,enjoyment,astonishment等e.g.Idiscovered,tomyhorror,thatthegoodswereentirelyunfitforsale.ToJohn'sgreatrelieftheyreachedthehouseatlast.foundthemselvesunitedpeacefully“find+賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)(adj;adv;v-ing;pp;介詞短語(yǔ);不定式)”e.g.Acookwillbeimmediatelyfiredifheisfoundsmokinginthekitchen.You'llfindhimeasytogetalongwith.Theyfoundthemselvestrappedbythebushfire.WhenIwokeup,Ifoundmyselfinhospital.Icalledonhimyesterday,butIfoundhimout.getsthdone=havesthdone使某事被做…….get+n.+doingYou'llgethertoagree.I'llgetthecargoing.getdone:用于意想不到、突然或偶然發(fā)生，意為“被…….”e.g.Becarefulwhenyoucrossthisverybusystreet.10.breakaway(fromsb/sth)脫離;破除…e.g.Itisnoteasyforhimtobreakawayfrombadhabits.Themanbrokeawayfromhisguards.breakdown(會(huì)談)破裂，失敗;(汽車等)出故障;(人的健康狀況)變得惡劣;(情感)失控e.g.Hiscarbrokedownonthewaytoworkthismorning.Hishealthbrokedownunderthepressureofwork.Hebrokedownandweptwhenheheardthenews.breakoff中斷，折斷breakinto闖入breakout爆發(fā);發(fā)生breakup驅(qū)散;分散，拆散11.aswellas不僅…而且;既…又…e.g.Heisateacheraswellasawriter.Thechildrenaswellastheirfatherwereseenplayingfootballinthestreet.12.convenience:n.方便;便利e.g.Weboughtthishouseforitsconvenience.convenient:adj.13.attraction:吸引;引力(不可數(shù)n.)吸引人的東西;喜聞樂(lè)見(jiàn)的東西;精彩節(jié)目(可數(shù)n.)e.g.attractionofgravitation重力Hecan'tresisttheattractionoftheseaonahotday.Abigcityoffersmanyandvariedattractions.Whataretheprincipleattractionsthisevening?attract:v.14.influence1)v.對(duì)…產(chǎn)生影響e.g.Whatinfluenceyoutochooseacareerinteaching?2)可數(shù)n.產(chǎn)生影響的人或事e.g.Heisoneofthegoodinfluencesintheschool.3)(不可數(shù)n.)影響e.g.Ateacherhasgreatinfluenceoverhispupils.高三下冊(cè)英語(yǔ)必修五知識(shí)點(diǎn)2impressionn.印痕;印記;印象;感想常用結(jié)構(gòu)：haveanimpressionofsth./doingsth.對(duì)(做)某事有印象makeanimpressiononsb.給某人留下印象makenoimpressionon對(duì)……無(wú)影響/效果givesb.afavorableimpression給某人留下好印象animpressionofone’sfoot某人的腳印Yourperformancegavemeastrongimpression.你的表演給我留下了很深的印象。WhatIsaidmadenoimpressiononhim.我的話對(duì)他不起作用。聯(lián)想拓展impressv.留下印象impresssth.on/uponone’smind把……牢記在心上lackv.&n.缺乏;缺少的東西注意：lack作名詞時(shí)，后常接of。lack作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，既可作及物動(dòng)詞，也可以作不及物動(dòng)詞，作不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，后常接for或in。lack不用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。常用結(jié)構(gòu)：lacksth.缺少某物lackforsth.缺少;需要for/throughlackof...因缺乏……nolackof...不缺乏a/thelackof的缺乏Hedidn’tgotherebecausehelackedcourage.他沒(méi)去那里，因?yàn)樗狈τ職?。Theplantdiedforlackofwater.植物因缺水而死。Theylackedfornothing.他們無(wú)所需求。聯(lián)想拓展lackingadj.匱乏的;不足的;沒(méi)有的belackingin缺乏(品質(zhì)、特點(diǎn)等)sightn.視力;視覺(jué);看見(jiàn);光景，奇觀;名勝常用結(jié)構(gòu)：losesightof看不見(jiàn);忘記;失去catchsightofsth./sb.看見(jiàn)某物/人atfirstsight初看之下;乍看起來(lái)at(the)sightof一看見(jiàn)就……outofsight看不見(jiàn)beinsight看得見(jiàn)，在眼前Outofsight,outofmind.眼不見(jiàn),心不煩。LastsummerwehadseenthesightsofBeijing.去年夏天我們游覽了北京的名勝。Crusoewasfrightenedatthesightofaman’sfootprint.克魯索看到一行人的腳印，他非常害怕。requirevt.需要;要求;命令常用結(jié)構(gòu)：requirethat+主語(yǔ)+(should)+動(dòng)詞原形需要某人做某事requiresb.todosth.命令某人做某事requiresth.(ofsb.)要求(某人)某事Iwilldoeverythingthatisrequiredofme.凡是要求我的事，我都會(huì)辦到。ThesituationrequiresthatI(should)bethere.形勢(shì)需要我去那里。溫馨提示require后接賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句必須用shoulddo的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，其中should可以省略。另外，表示“需要”，且是物作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，后接動(dòng)詞?ing形式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義，可以等于不定式被動(dòng)形式;在這一點(diǎn)上，need和want用法相同。Thehouserequiresmending.Thehouserequirestobemended.房屋需要維修。Allcarsrequireservicingregularly.所有汽車都需要定期檢修。Theyrequiredhimtokeepitasecret.他們要求他對(duì)這事保密。assistvt.&vi.幫助;援助;參與;出席常用結(jié)構(gòu)：assistsb.in/withsth.幫助(某人)某事assistsb.indoingsth.幫助(某人)做某事assistsb.todosth.幫助(某人)做某事assistwith幫助(照料，做);在……上給予幫助Iamwillingtoassistyouwheneverthereisanopportunity.有機(jī)會(huì)我愿隨時(shí)幫你。I’mafraidIcan’tassistyou,youhavetogoandseethemanager.我恐怕幫不上忙，你得去找經(jīng)理。Theheadmasterassistswithalotofthingswhenfree.有空時(shí)校長(zhǎng)會(huì)幫忙做很多事。高三下冊(cè)英語(yǔ)必修五知識(shí)點(diǎn)3分詞的概念分詞是動(dòng)詞的一種非謂語(yǔ)形式，主要起形容詞和副詞的作用，可以作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或是狀語(yǔ)等。分詞有兩種，一種是現(xiàn)在分詞，一種是過(guò)去分詞。這兩種分詞在句子中能擔(dān)任的成分大體相同，主要是在“意思”上有主動(dòng)和被動(dòng)之分。過(guò)去分詞一般有被動(dòng)和完成兩大特征。過(guò)去分詞的定語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)功能定語(yǔ)表“完成”或“被動(dòng)”boiledwater開水fallenleaves落葉therisensun升起的太陽(yáng)selectedapples精選蘋果spokenEnglish英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)icedbeer冰鎮(zhèn)啤酒cookedfood熟食friedchips炸土豆條單個(gè)的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，一般放在被修飾詞語(yǔ)之前(如上例)，也可以放在所修飾詞語(yǔ)的后面。Hurryup，thereisonlyalittletimeleft.快點(diǎn)，時(shí)間不多了。Ifyouwisheverythingchanged，pleasesayso.你如果希望改變一切，請(qǐng)說(shuō)明。過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，須將分詞放在被修飾的詞語(yǔ)之后，功能相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。Nearthewindow，thereisabookshelffilledwithmanybooks(=whichisfilledwithmanybooks).靠近窗戶，有一個(gè)裝滿書的書架。Herdaughter，broughtupbyme(=whowasbroughtupbyme)hasbeguntoworknow.由我?guī)Т蟮乃呐畠含F(xiàn)在已經(jīng)參加工作了。當(dāng)“人”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)用過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)，表示主語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)或思想感情等。Whenweheardofit，weweredeeplymoved.當(dāng)我們聽(tīng)到這件事時(shí)，被深深地感動(dòng)了。Heseemedquitedelightedattheidea.聽(tīng)到這個(gè)想法，他似乎很高