高考英語主語從句講解

高考英語主語從句定義：用作主語的從句叫主語從句，它是名詞性從句之一。主語從句的時態(tài)：不受主句的時態(tài)影響和限制。引導(dǎo)主語從句的連接詞有：從屬連詞:that,whether；連接代詞:who(whoever),whom,whose,what(whatever)和which(whichever)；連接副詞:when,where,how和why。連接詞：1.從屬連詞：that，whether1）that引導(dǎo)主語從句只起引導(dǎo)作用，在主語從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，that本身無實際意義，但不能省略。2）whether意為“是否”，放在句首句末皆可。由whether引導(dǎo)的名詞從句做主語，表語，介詞賓語，同位語時！不可用if代替。a.Thatpricewillgoupiscertain.b.Whethertheywouldsupportuswasaproblem.他們是否會支持我們還是一個問題。2.連接代詞who，what，which,whatever,whichever,whoever(Who,whom,which,what可以和ever構(gòu)成合成詞，和what一樣引導(dǎo)從句，ever起到強(qiáng)調(diào)作用。此類主語從句不能用形式主語it引導(dǎo)，它們在句子中擔(dān)任成分，不能省略，語序為陳述語序，既有疑問含義,又起連接作用,同時在從句中充當(dāng)各種成分。Whichsidewillwinisnotclear.Whoeverbreaksthelawwillbepunished.Whateverhedidisright.Whokilledthescientistremainsaquestion.1）What和that引導(dǎo)的主語從句的區(qū)別：that只起引導(dǎo)作用，不充當(dāng)任何成分，沒有意思。What不僅起引導(dǎo)作用，還要充當(dāng)一定成分(主語、賓語或表語)，意思是：“什么”。Whatweneedismoney.Thathewillcomeiscertain.2）whatever/whoever的用法（~ever=nomatter~---讓步狀語從句中）

whatever/whoever可以引導(dǎo)主語從句,并在句中作主語、賓語、表語等,不含疑問意義。whatever相當(dāng)于anythingthat;whoever相當(dāng)于anyonewho。例如:Whoever(Anyonewho)wantstoenterintothisschoolmusttaketheexam.Whatever(Anythingthat)shedidwasright.3.連接副詞when，where，how，why等。既有疑問含義,又起連接作用,同時在從句中充當(dāng)各種成分。How

this

happened

is

not

clear

to

anyone.

Whenhewillbebackdependsontheweather.Whenwe’llstarttomorrowwillbetoldsoon.Wherethetestwillbegivenisnotyetdecided.4.主語從句后置：為了避免主語冗長,句子頭重腳輕,經(jīng)常用it作形式主語,主語從句放在后面作真正的主語.例:Thatweshallbelateiscertain.--It’scertainthatweshallbelate.1）用it作形式主語的結(jié)構(gòu)A.

It+be+形容詞+that從句(obvious,

true,

surprising,

good,

wonderful,

funny,

possible,

likely,

certain,

probable,

etc.)如：It

is

certain

that

she

will

do

well

in

her

exam.

B.

It+be+名詞詞組+that從句(an

honour,

a

fact,

a

pity,

etc）如：Itisapity/shamethat...遺憾的是……Itisasurprisethat…令人驚奇的是…Itisafactthat……是事實Itiscommonknowledgethat……是常識

It’s

a

pity

that

we

can’t

go.

C.

It+be+過去分詞+that從句(said,

reported,

thought,

expected,

decided,

announced,

etc。）如：It

is

said

that

Mr.

Green

has

arrived

in

Beijing.

D.

It+不及物動詞或短語+that從句(seem，happen,doesn’t

matter,turnout）。如：It

happened

that

I

was

out

that

day.

It

doesn’t

matter

whether

she

will

come

or

not.2)對于以連接代詞(副詞)引導(dǎo)的主語從句,可以使用形式主語代主語從句,也可直接在句首使用主語從23.____shecouldn’tunderstandwas_____fewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlessons.A.What;whyB.That;whyC.What;becauseD.Why;that24.Itwas____hesaid___disappointedme.A.What;thatB.That;thatC.What;whatD.That;what25.___isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It26.______leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.A.AnyoneB.ThepersonC.WhoeverD.Who27.________makesmistakesmustcorrectthem.A.WhatB.ThatC.WhoeverD.Whatever28.Isthisfactoryyouvisitedtheotherday?A.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.theone29.Whenandwhyhecamehere________yet.A.isnotknownB.arenotknownC.hasnotknownD.havenotknown30.________isnoreasonfordismissingher.A.BecauseshewasafewminuteslateB.OwingtoafewminuteslateC.ThefactthatshewasafewminuteslateD.Beingafewminuteslate31.________Tomlikedtoeatwasdifferentfrom________.A.That…thatyouhadexpectedB.What…thatyouhadexpectedC.That…whatyouhadexpectedD.What…whatyouhadexpected32.________wegoswimmingeveryday________usalotofgood.A.If...doB.That...doC.If...doesD.That...does33.It________Bobdrivesbadly.A.thinksthatB.isthoughtwhatC.thoughtthatD.isthoughtthatIt'suncertain________theexperimentisworthdoing.A.ifB.thatC.whetherD.how35.________theboydidn'ttakemedicinemadehismotherangry.A.ThatB.WhatC.HowD.Which36.____wecan'tgetseemsbetterthan____wehave.A.What,whatB.What,thatC.That,thatD.That,what____youdon'tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.A.WhatB.WhoC.ThatD.Whether38..____we'llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where39._________isgoingtodothejobwillbedecidedbythePartycommittee.A.ThatB.WhyC.HowD.Who40._______we'llfinishtranslatingthebookdependsonthetime.A.WhenB.WhyC.WhatD.That41.______hewon'tgothereiscleartoallofus.A.HowB.WhatC.WhyD.This42.______thehousewillbebuiltwillbediscussedattomorrow'smeeting.A.IfB.WhereC.ThatD.What43_______youcomeornotisuptoyou.A.WhatB.IfC.WhyD.Whether44._______teamwillwinthematchisamatterofpublicconcern.A.WhichB.ThatC.IfD.How45Isthisthefactory___someforeignfriendsvisitedotherday?At