內(nèi)容其他學(xué)習(xí)week

Week6(systems)

Enterprisesystem,integratethebusinessprocessfunctionalityandinformationfromallofanorganization'sfunctionalareas.Theymakepossiblethecoordinatedoperationofthesefunctionsandprovideacentralinformationresourcefortheorganization.

Theenterprisesystemcollectsdataabouteachbusinessevent,aswellasdataaboutanorganization'sbusinesspartnersandotheraspectsofthebusiness,suchasinventory,manufacturing,andhumanresources.Thisdatacontainsnuggetsofgoldthatmanagementcanmineandusetomonitortheorganization'soperations,improveperformance,andcreateadditionalbusinessopportunities.

?EnterpriseResource nning(ERP)

?SupplyChainManagement(SCM)

?rRelationshipManagement(SRM)

?CustomerRelationshipManagement( )

?ProductLifecycleManagement(PLM)

SAPandothersimilarproductsreflectlarge,monolithicERPsystemsmadeupofanumberofmodulesthatcanbeselectedforimplementation.

Aninformationsystemsupportsthefunctioningofanorganization.

First,itfacilitatesthefunctioningoftheorganization'soperationsasbusinesseventsoccur.Secondtheinformationsystemretainsrecordsaboutbusinesseventsthathaveoccurred.Third,theinformationsystemstoresdatathatisusefulfordecisionmaking.

SAP

SAP=Systems,Applications,andProductsinDataProcessing

OneofthepurposesfortheworldwideSAPimplementationwastostandardizeprocessandsystemsacrosstheorganization.

Sixmodules：Purchasing,financials,salesanddistribution,accountsreceivableandadvancednningandoptimization(APO)

Asaresultofusingonecommondatabase,discounttermsofferedbythesalesmanwerehonoredbyaccountsreceivable.Previously,withseparatedatabase,communicatingthesetermsproveddifficult.

MasterdatainSAP

?Isvery,verydetailed

?Isbrokendownintoaseriesof“views”whicharelinkedtothedifferentprocessesandpartsoftheorganizationusingthosedetails.

?Generalinformation,usedbythewholeorganizationisstoredat“”levelandmanypeoplewillviewthisdata

?Accountinginformationisstoredat“code”level,andaccountantswillviewthisdata

?Therearealsoviewsforthepurchasingorganization,marketingorganizationsetc.

ERP

Aresoftwarepackagesthatcanbeusedforthecoresystemsnecessarytosupportenterprisesystems.

WiththenewbusinessprocessandERPsystem,forecastsaremoreaccurate,whichresultsinreducedinventoryandcoststoredistributeinventorythathadresultedfromtoomuchproductbeingsenttooneceandnotenoughtoanother.

ModulesP35頁開始

: (customer relationship management) builds and maintains an organization'scustomer-relateddatabase.Thisdataiscollectedfrommultiplecustomerin ctions.

CSS:(Customerself-servicesoftware)anextensionofSEA:salesautomationsoftware

SCM:supplychainmanagementsoftware;helpnandexecutethestepsinanorganization'ssupplychain,includingdemandnning;acquiringinventory;andmanufacturing,distributingandsellingtheproduct.

PLM:productlifecyclemanagement

SRM:rrelationshipmanagement

BPM

Includesmodeling,automating,managingandoptimizingbusinessprocessAdesignenvironmentformodelingandingbusinessprocess

ABPMenginetoexecuteprocess

Flexibleinterfacesfordevelopers,usersandlinkingtootherapplicationsTheBPM-enginethatisseparatedfromdataandbusinessrules.

Anaudittrailofallprocessactivitytoprovidevisibilityaboutthestatusofprocessandto

enableprocessimprovementandoptimization.

DATAP47

Withenterprisesystems,therearetwobasictypesofdata:masterdata(event-typedata)andbusinesseventdata(entity-typedata).

Alltheinventorydataworldwideisavailableduringtheprocessingofcustomerorders.Thecentralizationofthedatapermitsanorganizationtohaveaccurateandreliabledataandto

operateitsbusinessprocessinaconsistentmannerthroughouttheorganization

EnterprisesystemssupportformajorbusinesseventprocessP53

Order-to-cashprocess:includetheeventssurroundingthesaleofgoodstoacustomer,therecognitionoftherevenue,andthecollectionofthecustomerpayment.

1,presalesactivities;2salesorderprocessing;3pickandpack;ship;5billing;6payment

Purchase-topayprocess:includetheeventssurroundingthepurchaseofgoodsfromavendor,therecognitionofthecostofthosegoods,andthepaymenttothevendor.

1,requirementsdetermination;2,purchaseorderprocessing;3,goodsreceipt;4,

verification;5paymentprocessing

Week4&5(Purchase)

這兩章大頭是流程圖，這個具體看PPT啦~我就把書上的概念理了一下~

Independentvendormasterdatamaintenance

Assumesthatthereisaseparationofdutiesbetweenthe nelwhocreatevendorrecordsandthosethatcreateandapprovePOs,recordaccountspayable,andapprovepayments.

Withoutthisseparation,abuyercouldexecuteapurchasewithavendorwithwhichthereissomearrangementofofinterests.Also,withoutthisseparation,accountspayablenelcouldcreateavendoraccounttofacilitatethecreationofaninvalid/fraudulent

thatwouldsubsequentlybepaid.

Steps

Comparevendorsforfavorableprices,terms,quality,andproductavailabilityApprovepurchaseorder

Confirmpurchaseordertorequestingdepartment

IndependentauthorizationtorecordreceiptCompareinputreceiptdatatoPOdata

P458-459ControlMatrixforpurchasingprocessinFigure圖表Exnationofcellentriesforthecontrolmatrixinfigure

P-1ApprovepurchaserequisitionP-2Useauthorizedvendordata

P-3Independentvendormasterdatainmaintenance

P-4Comparevendorsforfavorableprices,terms,quality,andproductavailabilityP-5Approvepurchaseorder

P-6ConfirmpurchaseordertorequestingdepartmentP-7Automateddataentry

P-8IndependentauthorizationtorecordreceiptP-9CompareinputreceiptdatatoPOdata

Countgoodsandcomparetovendorpackingslip

Inspectgoods

P496有 ControlMatrixfortheAP/CDProcess

Theorderentry/salesprocess

Theorderentry/salesprocessesincludethefirstfourstepsintheorder-to-cashprocess,presalesactivities,salesorderprocessing,pickingandpackingthegoods,andship.

Theorderentry/salesprocessreflectsaninctingstructureofpeople,equipment,activities,andcontrolsthatisdesignedtoachievecertaingoals.TheprimaryfunctionoftheOE/Sprocessistocreateinformationflowsthatsupportthefollowing

repetitiveworkroutinesofthesalesorderdepartment,creditdepartment,andshipdepartment

Decisionneedsofthosewhomanagevarioussalesandmarketingfunctions.

ModelerCapabilities

Modelingallowsyoutocreateagraphicdiagramorabusinessprocessplusalltherelatedprocessinformation.

Simulationsupportsthetimeandcostysisofaprocessunderreal-timeconditions.

ysisprovidesanumberoftoolstoextractdetailsfromthemodelandfromsimulationresults.

Reportingcreatesseveralsthatcanbeusedtocommunicatetheresultsofprocessationandysis.

Codegenerationgeneratescodethatcanbeusedasastartingpointforprocessautomation.

Modeler’sMultidimensionalBusinessModel(1)

WebSphereBusinessModelerusesseveraldifferentmodelstorepresentthedifferentaspectsofabusinessprocess.

Processmodel:Workbeingperformed

-Providesapictorialrepresentationoftheprocessmodel

2.Datamodel:Informationusedinthework

-Providesaviewofdataandobjectsusedinabusinessprocess

3.Resourcemodel:Whoperformsthework

-Definestheresourcetypesandinstancesassociatedtothemodel

4.Organizationmodel:Howprocessparticipantsareorganized

Definitionandstructureoftheorganizationandassociatedresources

5.ysismodel:Whatisyzed

Definitionofkeyprocessmetricsandattributesyzedinbothastaticanddynamicmanner

6.Collaborationmodel:Howystssharework

-Allowsformodelanddeploymentcollaborationonprocessmodels

7.Businessmeasuresmodel:Whatistobemonitored

-Definitionofkeyperformanceindicators(KPIs)andmetricstomeasuresystemandprocessperformancetriggers

書P237ControlGoals表格

RevisethecontrolmatrixesinChapters10and11.

(OE/Sprocess)好吧Matrixes這里沒找到，前面有標(biāo)了，這里我主要理的就是這個process

Inbusinessprocessysisanddesign,wemustcarefullyconsiderthebusinessprocessasawhole,includingalltheinterrelatedpartsthatworktowardthecommonpurposeofmeeting

businessprocessthatenableorganizationstosuccessfullyachievetheirorganizationalgoals

Theorderentry/sale(OE/S)processincludesthefirstfourstepsintheorder-to-cashprocess,presalesactivities,salesorderprocessing,pickingandpackingthegoods,andship.Thelast

twostepsbillingandprocessingthecustomerpayment.

Theorderentry/salesprocessreflectsanin ctingstructureofpeople,equipment,activities,andcontrolsthatisdesignedtoachievecertaingoals.

First,theOE/Sprocesssupportstherepetitiveworkroutinesofthesalesorder,credit,andshipdepartmentsbycapturing,recordingandcommunicatingsales-relateddata.

Second,theOE/sprocesssupportsthedecisionneedsofvarioussalesandmarketingmanagers.

Mostoftheprocesscanbeimplementedusingelectroniccommunicationsanddatastoreinanenterprisedatabase.

Datamaintenancemustbeperformedtocreateacustomermasterrecord,includingacreditlimit,andalsomustbeperformedtocreateoneormoreinventorymasterrecords,includingsaleprices.

Salesrelateddataarecapturedinthesalesorderdepartmentandthenflowverticallyto

managershousedwithinthemarketingorganizationalstructure.

ControlGoals(forOE/sprocess)P365

Effectivenessofoperations:identifythreerepresentativeeffectivenessgoalsfortheOE/Sprocess;addresstheissueofsatisfyingcustomers;creditworthiness

Efficientemploymentofresources:peopleandcomputers

Resourcesecurity:controlnshouldbeincetopreventtheftorunauthorizedsaleofmerchandiseinventory.Equallyimportantarensdesignedtoprecludeunauthorizedaccesstoorcopying,changing,selling,ordestroyingcustomermasterdata.

IV(inputvalidity)avalidsalesorderisfromanexisting,authorizedcustomer;avalidshipnoticeinputisonethatisonethatissupportedbybothapprovedsalesorderandanactualshipmen