語法精講突破系列(十主謂一致)

語法精講突破系列(十)主謂一致用所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空1.(2013·湖南高考)Theuniversityestimatesthatlivingexpensesforinternationalstudents___(be)around$8,450ayear,whichisaburdenforsomeofthem.2.(2012·湖南高考)Allthescientificevidenceshowsthatincreasinguseofchemicalsinfarming__(be)damagingourhealth.areis3.(2011·江蘇高考)Thefactthatsomanypeoplestillsmokeinpublicplaces_______(suggest)thatwemayneedanationwidecampaigntoraiseawarenessoftherisksofsmoking.4.(2013·福建高考)Thefamousmusician,aswellashisstudents,__________(invite)toperformattheopeningceremonyofthe2012TaipeiFlowerExpo.suggestswasinvited5.(2012·陜西高考)Thebasketballcoach,aswellashisteam,______________(interview)shortlyafterthematchfortheiroutstandingperformance.6.(2011·安徽高考)Thefactoryused65percentoftherawmaterials,therestofwhich__________(save)forotherpurposes.wasinterviewedweresaved7.(2013·湖北高考)Thechiefengineertogetherwithhiscolleagues_______________(look)fornewscientificmethodsoffarmingsincefiveyearsago.hasbeenlooking【加固訓(xùn)練】用所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空1.(2010·四川高考)SuchpoetsasShakespeare___widely____(read),ofwhoseworks,however,somearedifficulttounderstand.2.(2010·湖南高考)Listeningtoloudmusicatrockconcerts__________(cause)hearinglossinsometeenagers.arereadhascaused3.(2009·江蘇高考)ThepopulationofJiangsu_________(grow)tomorethantwicewhatitwasin1949.Thefigureisnowapproaching74million.4.(2010·全國卷Ⅱ)Barbaraiseasytorecognizeasshe’stheonlyoneofthewomenwho_____(wear)eveningdress.5.(2009·四川高考)Theteachertogetherwiththestudents___________(discuss)ReadingSkillsthatwasnewlypublishedinAmerica.hasgrownwearsisdiscussing6.(2009·山東高考)ThenumberofforeignstudentsattendingChineseuniversities_____________(rise)steadilysince1990.7.(2009·陜西高考)Dr.Smith,togetherwithhiswifeanddaughters,__(be)goingtovisitBeijingthissummer.8.(2009·湖南高考)Eitheryouoroneofyourstudents__(be)toattendthemeetingthatisduetomorrow.hasbeenrisingisis原則主語謂語典句例示語法一致原則單數(shù)單數(shù)Theboywasstrugglingforabetterlife.復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)Thestudentsareworkinghardtogotocollege.原則主語謂語典句例示就近一致原則由or,either...or...,neither...nor...,notonly...but(also)...等連接

與最近的主語在單復(fù)數(shù)上保持一致①Eithertheshirtsorthesweaterisworthbuying.②Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheirteacherisenjoyingthefilm.由there,here引起的主語不止一個(gè)時(shí)和最鄰近的主語保持一致Therearetwopencilsandapenonthedesk.原則主語謂語典句例示意義一致原則由連詞and連接的并列成分指的是同一概念,兼具身份或匹配出現(xiàn)

單數(shù)①Thepoetandwriterhascome.②Truthandhonestyisthebestpolicy.no/each/every/manya+單數(shù)名詞+and(+no/each/every/manya)+單數(shù)名詞

Eachboyandeachgirlhasanapple.one/everyone/each/either/thenumber+of/thevarietyof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞

Thenumberofstudentsfromthenorthissmall.原則主語謂語典句例示意義一致原則clothing,furniture,traffic,jewellery,baggage,equipment,luggage等無生命的集體名詞

單數(shù)Clothingisbadlyneededinthisfloodedarea.以-s結(jié)尾的表示學(xué)科、國家、機(jī)構(gòu)、書籍、報(bào)刊等名稱的詞

Politicsisoftenatopicfordiscussion.表示時(shí)間、重量、距離、價(jià)格、金錢、體積等復(fù)數(shù)名詞表達(dá)一個(gè)整體概念

Tenyearsisamomentinhistory.原則主語謂語典句例示意義一致原則由every-,any-,some-,no-和-one,-thing,-body等構(gòu)成的不定代詞

單數(shù)Iseverybodyheretoday?動(dòng)詞-ing形式、動(dòng)詞不定式和名詞性從句

①Persuadinghimtojoinusseemsreallyhard.②Whateverwasleftwastakenaway.由and連接的兩個(gè)并列成分表示兩個(gè)不同的概念

復(fù)數(shù)Apoetandawriterhavecome.people,police,cattle等有生命的集體名詞

Peoplereadforpleasureduringtheirsparetime.原則主語謂語典句例示意義一致原則一些常用作復(fù)數(shù)或只有復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞,如goods,stairs,arms等

復(fù)數(shù)Thegoodsaresoldout.山脈、群島、瀑布、運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)等以-s結(jié)尾的專有名詞

TheOlympicGamesareheldonceeveryfouryears.anumberof+名詞Anumberofstudentsarefromthesouth.原則主語謂語典句例示意義一致原則集體名詞class,family,army,team,club,company,population,minority,enemy,party,crowd,crew,audience,committee,government,majority,group等強(qiáng)調(diào)整體時(shí)謂語用單數(shù),指個(gè)體成員時(shí)謂語用復(fù)數(shù)

單復(fù)數(shù)視情況而定①Ourfamilyhasareunioneveryyear.②Hisfamilyarewaitingforhim.單復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞,如means,works,deer,fish,sheep等

①Everymeanshasbeentried.②Allpossiblemeanshavebeentried.原則主語謂語典句例示意義一致原則all,none,some,any等不定代詞

單復(fù)數(shù)視情況而定①Allisgoingonverywell.②Allarepresentbesidestheprofessor.“half/most/therest/thelast/lots/plenty/分?jǐn)?shù)/百分?jǐn)?shù)+of+名詞”作主語,謂語要和of之后的名詞單復(fù)數(shù)保持一致

①Aboutonethirdofthebooksareworthreading.②Only60percentoftheworkhasbeendone.特別提醒what和whatever引導(dǎo)主語從句時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)根據(jù)從句所表達(dá)的意義上的數(shù)確定

①Whathesaysanddoesdonotagree.②Whathesaysanddoesdoesnotconcernme.在定語從句中,關(guān)系代詞作主語,其謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)和先行詞保持一致,但“oneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”后面的定語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù),而在“the(only/very)oneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”后面所接的定語從句中,謂語動(dòng)詞卻用單數(shù)

①Heisoneofthestudentswhohavetakenpartintheactivity.②Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswhohastakenpartintheactivity.特別提醒當(dāng)主語后有介詞with,together/alongwith,including,like,but,except,otherthan和aswellas等時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)和前面的主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致

①Theteacheraswellasthestudentswasexcitedatthenews.②Nobodyexceptmyparentsknowsanythingaboutit.由兩部分構(gòu)成的表示物體的名詞,如trousers,glasses等作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞常用復(fù)數(shù),但是如果這類名詞前用了apairof/two(three)pairsof等來修飾,謂語動(dòng)詞在數(shù)上要與pair等保持一致

①Thesetrousersneedcleaning.②Thispairoftrousersismine.特別提醒a(bǔ)quantityof/quantitiesof和a(great,large)amountof/largeamountsof后既可接可數(shù)名詞,也可接不可數(shù)名詞,其謂語動(dòng)詞視情況而定

①Withmoreforestsbeingdestroyed,quantitiesofgoodeartharebeingwashedawayeachyear.

由“kind(form,type,sort)of”等修飾的主語,其謂語形式取決于這些詞的單復(fù)數(shù)

①Thisnewtypeofbusesisnowonshow.②Allkindsofdifficultieshavetobeovercome.特別提醒若用and連接兩個(gè)動(dòng)名詞、不定式短語或主語從句,表示兩個(gè)不同的概念則謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。若表示同一概念,則謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式

Ridingontheelephantsandrowingtheboatswerethechildren’sfavouritegames.manya,morethanone后加可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式,謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)

①M(fèi)anyastudenthasseenthefilm.②Morethanonepersonhasmadethesuggestion.

Ⅰ.用所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空1.Asaconsequenceofthesandstorm,threefourthsofthebridgesinthearea_______(require)toberepaired.2.Wherethere__(be)dirt,thereareflies.3.Largequantitiesofinformation,aswellassometimelyhelp,_________________(offer)sincetheorganizationwasbuilt.requireishavebeenoffered4.Whenandwheretogofortheon-salaryholiday___________________(not,decide)yet.5.TheLeaguesecretaryandmonitor_________(ask)tomakeaspeechatthemeetingheldyesterday.6.Everypossiblemeans_____________(try)topreventthespreadofdisease.hasnotbeendecidedwasaskedhasbeentried7.Acertainnumberoftourists____________________(complain)aboutthehighaccommodationpriceduringthelastmonth.8.Thestudentseach_____(have)anEnglish-Chinesedictionary.9.Thefather,alongwithhistwosons,_______________(rescue)fromthebigfirebythefirefighters.10.Eitheroftheseyoungladies__perfectly________(qualify)toteachGreek,LatinandFrench.havebeencomplaininghavehasbeenrescuedisqualifiedⅡ.語篇填空(用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

Ourschoollibrary,alongwithmanyotherbuildings,isverydifferentfromotherschools’.There1.________(be)twocomputerrooms,threeartrooms,ameetingroomandareadingroominthelibrarybuilding.Thenumberofthebooks2.________(be)large,andmaybethereare100,000booksinit.Itissaidthatallthebookscostourschool200,000dollars.Maybe200,000dollars3.________(be)largetoeverystudent.Intheeraofknowledgeexplosion,thenumberofthestudentswho4.________(have)athirstforknowledgeisincreasingdaybyday.Nowadays,ourlibraryhasbeendevelopedintoamultifunctionalbuilding.Thereare50computersinit.Manyastudent5.________(like)tosurftheInternetatweekendshere,andnowyoucanseethatmyclassmates,MikeandJohn6.________(play)computergamesthere.Whenyouturntoanotherroom,youwillfindthataprofessorandwriter7.________(deliver)aspeech.Eachboyandeachgirl8.__________(focus)onhisinterestingspeech.Everytimethereisawonderfulspeech,theaudiencealways9.__________