全國(guó)英語(yǔ)等級(jí)考試pets3級(jí)聽(tīng)力重難點(diǎn)解析

全國(guó)英語(yǔ)等級(jí)考試pets3級(jí)聽(tīng)力重難點(diǎn)解析\t"/pets/pets3/Heare/201705/_blank"全國(guó)英語(yǔ)等級(jí)考試pets3級(jí)聽(tīng)力重難點(diǎn)解析觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題型對(duì)話中對(duì)話者對(duì)他們談?wù)摰娜嘶蚴鲁质裁从^點(diǎn)或態(tài)度往往含而不露，考生只能根據(jù)對(duì)話內(nèi)容的關(guān)鍵詞、上下文甚至語(yǔ)氣、語(yǔ)調(diào)的內(nèi)涵意義并利用邏輯思維能力來(lái)進(jìn)行判斷，才能對(duì)傳遞的信息進(jìn)行比較深層次的理解。具體表達(dá)觀點(diǎn)、態(tài)度時(shí)，可能出現(xiàn)的模式有：間接表達(dá)式，不明說(shuō)贊成或反對(duì);反問(wèn)否定式，常委婉地表示質(zhì)疑和反對(duì);委婉謝絕式，先表示肯定、贊成、謝意等，隨后說(shuō)出真實(shí)看法;看似否定實(shí)為肯定式，如whynot,Ican’tagreeanymore等。常見(jiàn)的提問(wèn)方式有：Howdoestheman/womanfeelabout...?Whatdoestheman/womanthinkof...?Whatdoestheman/womansayabout...?Whatdoestheman/womanmean?地點(diǎn)方向題型這種類(lèi)型的考題主要考查學(xué)生對(duì)對(duì)話地點(diǎn)及人物去向的判斷。其中既有直接提問(wèn)的，也有間接提問(wèn)的。常見(jiàn)的提問(wèn)形式有：Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?Whereisthewomangoing?Wherearethetwospeakers?在這類(lèi)考題中，選項(xiàng)大部分是表示地點(diǎn)場(chǎng)所的名詞，同時(shí)需注意這些名詞前的介詞，如inabank,inadining-room,attheairport,athome,onthedesk,onthefloor等，這些介詞對(duì)判斷場(chǎng)所非常有幫助。另外，考生應(yīng)集中注意力去捕捉那些“關(guān)鍵詞”，抓住了“關(guān)鍵詞”，做題就容易多了。以下是一些常考的地點(diǎn)及相關(guān)詞，也就是剛才提及的“關(guān)鍵詞”，需重點(diǎn)記憶：學(xué)校(school)：requiredcourse,electivecourse,quiz,professor,thesis,make-up,credits,master,dormitory,department,lecture,essay,bookshelf,applicationform,entrance.旅館(hotel)：reception,book,reservation,tip,checkin,singleroom,doubleroom.飯店(restaurant)、酒吧(bar)：menu,bill,drink,dessert,soup,steak,beer,appetizer,barbecue,cheese,cream,roast,beer,drink,wine,cafeteria,dining,saloon,pub,snack,bar,recipe.商店(departmentstore)：supermarket,dress,color,style,fashion,price,bargain,reasonable.醫(yī)療(medicaltreatment)：doctor,nurse,patient,surgery,operation,medicine,dose,pill,temperature,headache,sorethroat,badcold,fever,cough,stomachache,heartdisease,cancer.火車(chē)(railway)、汽車(chē)(motor)、飛機(jī)(airplane)等交通設(shè)施：platform,trafficjam,airport,arrivaltime,departure,ticketagent,takeoff,board,land,flight,airlines,freight,passport,visa.練習(xí)：1.Whatdoesthewomanmean?[A]Sheknowstheguywhowillgivethelecture.[B]Shethinksthelecturemightbeinformative.[C]Shewantstoaddsomethingtoherlecture.[D]She’llfinishherreportthisweekend.2.Whoarethetwospeakers?[A]Teacherandstudent.轉(zhuǎn)折題型這種題型出現(xiàn)的頻率很高，其特征是：第一個(gè)說(shuō)話人所說(shuō)的不是十分重要;第二個(gè)說(shuō)話人的答話由兩部分組成：先是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的短句，緊接著是一個(gè)較長(zhǎng)的句子，短句與長(zhǎng)句之間常用but,though,however等轉(zhuǎn)折意思的詞語(yǔ)連接，從而引起的作者態(tài)度及談?wù)撝攸c(diǎn)的變化。人物身份題型在這類(lèi)對(duì)話中，由于說(shuō)話人之間的關(guān)系不同，其用詞、造句、語(yǔ)氣都有區(qū)別。這是聽(tīng)錄音時(shí)要抓的關(guān)鍵之一，在此基礎(chǔ)上再捕捉有關(guān)信息，然后判斷、推測(cè)人物之間的關(guān)系及其身份。這類(lèi)題比較簡(jiǎn)單，考生只要抓住那些與職業(yè)和身份有關(guān)的關(guān)鍵詞即可回答。這類(lèi)題目與詢(xún)問(wèn)地點(diǎn)的考題有類(lèi)似之處。常見(jiàn)的提問(wèn)形式有：Whoistheman/woman?Whatistheman’s/woman’sjob/profession/occupation?Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?Whoistheman/womanmostprobablyspeakingto?考題中常涉及的職業(yè)或人物身份關(guān)系及相關(guān)信息詞有：老師和學(xué)生(teacherandstudent)：grade,mark,score,term,course,assignment,pass,fail,scholarship,tuition,campus,dormitory,lab,experiment...醫(yī)生和病人(doctorandpatient)：fever,cough,cold,headache,injection,prescription,diagnose,temperature,medicine,bloodpressure,heartdisease,flu,surgery...侍者和顧客(waiter/waitressandcustomer)：menu,order,reserve,steak,ham,salad,soup,coffee,juice,hamburger,sandwiches,buffet,bar,brandy,whisky,dessert,tip...司機(jī)和乘客(driverandpassenger)：taxi,fare,getoff,change,tip,destination...老板和秘書(shū)(bossandsecretary)：typing,operating,copy,files,document,report,telephone,appointment,timetable,arrangement...理解歸納題型這類(lèi)對(duì)話題出現(xiàn)的頻率很高，問(wèn)題的答案在對(duì)話中沒(méi)有直接提供。要求考生把談話中提供的細(xì)節(jié)作為前提，進(jìn)行一定的邏輯推理才能找到答案，或根據(jù)提供的細(xì)節(jié)進(jìn)行歸納得出結(jié)論。常見(jiàn)的提問(wèn)方式有：Whatdoestheman/womanimply?Whatcanbeinferredfromtheconversation?Whatdowelearnabouttheman/woman/conversation?以上的四期節(jié)目我們歸納了短對(duì)話部分試題所涉及的類(lèi)型，也許目前你還是有聽(tīng)不懂的地方，it’snotabigdeal,正因如此，我們才需要不斷學(xué)習(xí)。重要的是你要養(yǎng)成一種靈活運(yùn)用自己聽(tīng)到的信息并大膽進(jìn)行推測(cè)的習(xí)慣。請(qǐng)參考錄音原文再聽(tīng)一遍對(duì)話，確信自己對(duì)于細(xì)節(jié)部分都可以聽(tīng)出來(lái)了，然后自己隨著錄音跟讀一次。短對(duì)話部分的復(fù)習(xí)到此就結(jié)束了，下星期我們將進(jìn)入長(zhǎng)對(duì)話和短文的復(fù)習(xí)，希望大家可以繼續(xù)眾眾的節(jié)目，讓我們一起攻克pets-3。練習(xí)：6.WhatdoesthemanimplyaboutMary?[A]Shewon’tbeabletocome.[B]She’snotgoingtograduate.[C]Shehasaweektodothework.[D]She’llvisithersisterinaweek.細(xì)節(jié)捕捉題細(xì)節(jié)題主要是指用Wh-問(wèn)題的形式對(duì)短文中有關(guān)人名、地名、時(shí)間、原因、數(shù)據(jù)、目的、年代等提出的問(wèn)題，有時(shí)也包括是非判斷題。由于是對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)的考查，這類(lèi)題也有一定的難度。答題時(shí)除了要把握準(zhǔn)有關(guān)細(xì)節(jié)信息，還要聽(tīng)清提問(wèn)的角度和具體要求。這類(lèi)提問(wèn)方式不拘一格，依考查的內(nèi)容而異，主要有以下幾種形式：Accordingtothepassage,when/where/who/what/why/howdid...?Whichofthefollowingadjectivesbestdescribes...?Whichofthefollowing(statements)istrue/nottrue?Whichofthefollowingismentioned/notmentioned?細(xì)節(jié)題以辨認(rèn)題居多。有可能幾個(gè)選項(xiàng)在文章中都有所提及，但只要仔細(xì)聽(tīng)，注意分別，就能在原文中找到各自的出處。概括主旨大意此類(lèi)題型要求考生對(duì)聽(tīng)到的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行整體的把握和全面的領(lǐng)會(huì)。任何一段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白都是圍繞一個(gè)中心展開(kāi)的，有時(shí)主旨大意較明顯，有時(shí)則需要?dú)w納。此類(lèi)題型常見(jiàn)的提問(wèn)方式有：Whatarethetwospeakerstalkingabout?Whatarethetwospeakersdoing?Whatisthetalk/dialogueabout?What’sthetopicofthepassage?學(xué)會(huì)細(xì)節(jié)題的尋找聽(tīng)力考題要求考生聽(tīng)清、聽(tīng)懂事實(shí)信息，精確理解具體細(xì)節(jié)、特殊信息，如時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、價(jià)錢(qián)、數(shù)量、原因、目的、結(jié)果等，同時(shí)還要對(duì)所聽(tīng)到的信息作簡(jiǎn)單的處理，比如數(shù)字的運(yùn)算、時(shí)間順序、比較篩選、同義轉(zhuǎn)換、因果關(guān)系、深層推理等。理解具體信息有助于把握話題內(nèi)容、領(lǐng)會(huì)說(shuō)話者意圖。常見(jiàn)的考查細(xì)節(jié)題的提問(wèn)方式有：Whenshould...?Whatis...?Howdoestheman...?Whereisthewomangoing?Whichofthefollowingisright/ture?Whydidthespeaker...?學(xué)會(huì)分析問(wèn)題之間的聯(lián)系和背景知識(shí)的綜合應(yīng)用考生應(yīng)當(dāng)在聽(tīng)力開(kāi)始之前，瀏覽試卷上的選項(xiàng)，特別是仔細(xì)分析幾道題之間的聯(lián)系，并根據(jù)常識(shí)、背景知識(shí)進(jìn)行積極地預(yù)測(cè)。主旨大意題顧名思義，主旨大意題要求考生在聽(tīng)懂短文的基礎(chǔ)上歸納出短文的主題思想，其中還包括為短文選擇最合適的題目和對(duì)作者的結(jié)論或意圖進(jìn)行判斷歸納。這類(lèi)題目主要著眼于對(duì)全篇總體上的理解。此類(lèi)題常見(jiàn)的提問(wèn)方式有：Whatisthemainidea/topic/subject/chiefpurposeofthispassage?Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?Whatdoesthepassagetellusessentially?Whatisthesubjecttheyaretalkingabout?Whatdidthespeakermainlydiscuss/talkabout?推理判斷題這類(lèi)題型要求考生根據(jù)所聽(tīng)到的內(nèi)容推斷出材料所暗示的內(nèi)容，例如：情節(jié)的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)，作者的態(tài)度、傾向性等。推斷題考查思維的邏輯性，要求能夠以語(yǔ)篇為基礎(chǔ)進(jìn)行合理的推測(cè)。該類(lèi)題型常見(jiàn)的提問(wèn)方式如下：Whatwillbedealtwithinthefollowingparagraph?Whatdoesthepassageprobablyimplyattheend?Whatcanwelearn/inferfromthepassage?Whatdoestheauthorimpiybysaying?Whatdoesthestoryimply?這類(lèi)題型有兩個(gè)特點(diǎn)：一是難度高;二是邏輯性強(qiáng)。推斷題不僅要求考生把握原文信息，還要能夠在此基礎(chǔ)上合理地進(jìn)行推斷。關(guān)鍵在于這個(gè)“合理”的尺度較難把握，因?yàn)榇蟛糠滞茢囝}只要求在材料論述的內(nèi)容范圍內(nèi)進(jìn)行推測(cè)。如何過(guò)多加入自己的理解，可能會(huì)超出材料內(nèi)容，選出錯(cuò)誤的結(jié)果。練習(xí)：Questions1——4arebasedonashortstory.1.Howdothehousewiveslearnabouttheofferoffreegroceries?[A]Ontheradio.[B]Atthesupermarket.[C]Fromthemanager.[D]Fromtheirfriends.2.WhatdidMrs.Edwardswantverymuch?[A]Getabasketoffreegoods.[B]Meetthemanager.[C]Getafreebasket.[D]Fillallhercupboards.3.WhydidMrs.Edwardsgobacktothesupermarketaftershehadfinishedshoppingoneday?[A]Becauseshehadtomeetthemanager.[B]Becauseshehadtobuyonemorething.[C]Becauseshehadtofindhershopping.[D]Becauseshehadtopayforhershopping.4.WhichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribesMrs.Edwardsfeelingattheendofthisstory?[A]Embarrassed.[B]Disappointed.[C]Delighted.[D]Proud.聽(tīng)力原文Allthehousewiveswhowenttothesupermarkethadonegreatambition:tobetheluckycustomerwhodidnothavetopayforhershopping.Forthiswaswhatthenoticejustinsidetheentrancepromised.Itsaid:“Remember,onceaweek,oneofourcustomersgetsfreegroceries.Thismaybeyourluckyday!”ForseveralweeksMrs.Edwardshoped,likemanyofherfriends,tobetheluckycustomer.Unlikeherfriends,shenevergaveuphope.Thecupboardsinherkitchenwerefullofthings,whichshedidnotneed.Invainherhusbandtriedtodissuadeher.Shedreamedofthedaywhenthemanagerofthesupermarketwouldapproachherandsay:“Madam,thisisyourluckyday.Everythinginyourbasketisfree.”O(jiān)neFridaymorning,aftershehadfinishedhershoppingandhadtakenittohercar,shefoundthatshehadforgottentobuytea.Shedashedbacktothesupermarket,gottheteaandwenttowardsthecashdesk.Asshedidso,shesawthemanagerofthesupermarketapproachher.“Madam,”hesaid,holdingouthishand,“Iwanttocongratulateyou!Youaretheluckycustomerandeverythinginyourbasketisfree!”答案：1.B2.A3.B4.B考生在備考長(zhǎng)對(duì)話時(shí)，可參考以下幾點(diǎn)技巧：1.長(zhǎng)對(duì)話出題的順序和文章的順序一致，因此在聽(tīng)力開(kāi)始前應(yīng)當(dāng)充分利用空隙時(shí)間迅速瀏覽四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，了解對(duì)話大意，做到有的放矢。2.和聽(tīng)力短文非常相似，長(zhǎng)對(duì)話在文章開(kāi)始時(shí)就點(diǎn)明文章大意，而且考題中也會(huì)考查文章的主題，因此考生在考試時(shí)應(yīng)當(dāng)集中注意力抓住主題。3.點(diǎn)明主題后，隨后的部分圍繞這一主題展開(kāi)，每個(gè)方面的論述類(lèi)似短對(duì)話的問(wèn)答形式，考試的重點(diǎn)往往落在回答中，因此考生如果能掌握短對(duì)話各種題型特點(diǎn)和應(yīng)試技巧，那么對(duì)這類(lèi)題目就會(huì)輕車(chē)熟路了。4.長(zhǎng)對(duì)話內(nèi)容比較，題量也比較大，因此適當(dāng)?shù)刈鲂┕P記是非常有必要的。一、學(xué)會(huì)聽(tīng)前讀選項(xiàng)預(yù)測(cè)內(nèi)容對(duì)待選項(xiàng)應(yīng)采取快速閱讀的方法，一定要避免逐詞閱讀，否則就不可能在聽(tīng)錄音前看完選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)的長(zhǎng)短、繁簡(jiǎn)不一，具體處理方法也要有所不同。選項(xiàng)都比較短時(shí)，可采用掃視法。掃讀選項(xiàng)，大體了叫內(nèi)容。當(dāng)選項(xiàng)較長(zhǎng)時(shí)，可分兩步處理：第一步，縱觀全文，以發(fā)現(xiàn)其共同成分;第二步，采用豎讀方法，著重看區(qū)別。選項(xiàng)(尤其是較長(zhǎng)的選項(xiàng))之間往往有相同的內(nèi)容。練習(xí)：Questions1——4arebasedonaconversationbetweenIrene,asecreataryandherbossMr.JeromeS.Buck.1.HowlongwillthesalesconferenceinLondonlast?[A]FormTuesdaytoWednesday.[B]FormTuesdaytoThursday.[C]FormWednesdaytoThursday.[D]FormThursdaytoFriday.2.WhataretheygoingtodiscussatthemeetingonFridaymorning?[A]ThetradeinScotland.[B]TheindustryinScotland.[C]ThenewfactoryinScotland.[D]ThesiteoftheirnewplantinSoctland.3.WhereisMr.BuckgoingtoseeMr.Chambery,theEuropeanManager?[A]InLondon.[B]InParis.[C]InRome.[D]InMadrid.4.WhymustMr.BuckbebackonFriday?[A]It’shisdaughter’sbirthday.[B]It’shissonSharon’sbirthday.[C]It’shiswife’sbirthday.[D]It’shisfriendSharon’sbirthday.聽(tīng)力原文Questions1——4：M：Ithinkwe’dbettergoovermyschedule,Irene.I’mgoingtohavealookatourEuropeanoperation,asyouknow,andasI’llbevisitinganumberofcountries,I’dlikeyoutomakethebookings.W：Right,Mr.Buck.I’lltakedownthedetails.M：Well,I’mleavingonTuesday,April15th,forLondon.I’mgoingtoattendasalesconferenceforourBritishrepresentatives.ThatrunsthroughWednesdayandThursday,andthenthere’sarece