不定式的用法

不定式的用法一、 判斷不定式在句中的成分：Tolearnaforeignlanguageisdifficult.Hiswishistobeascientist.Tomwantedtohaveacupofbeer.Theteachertoldustodomorningexercises.Ihavenothingtosay.Tokeepfit,thestudentsgoouttoplayfootball.二、 作主語 (注：謂語動(dòng)詞用 )Toseeistobelieve.TolearnEnglishisveryhappy.--- Is__necessarytocompletethedesignbeforeNationalDay?A.thisB.thatC.itD.he三、作賓語(一)只能用不定式作賓語的詞Weagrej (meet),butsofarshehasn 'tturnupyet/Hemanaged (pass)theexambyworkinghard.Iwant (wash)myclothedmyself.Whentheteacherenteredintheclassroom,hepretended (read)thewords.WhenIcalledhim,hehappened (take)abath.注：wolf-headmap狼頭圖)W: O: L: F: H: E: A: D: M: A: P: (二)既可以用不定式，也可以用動(dòng)名詞作賓語，但含義不同的詞 .1.1regret (tell)youthatmysisterregretted (miss)thelecturegivenbyMr.Li.Missingthebusmeans (walk)home,Imean (star)offearly.Goon (do)theotherexercisesafteryouhavefinishedthisone.LittleTomshouldlove (go)tothetheatrethisevening.四、作賓語補(bǔ)足語(一)有些動(dòng)詞接to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)Theteacheraskedus (make)somuchnoise.Mr.Smithwarnedherdaughter (neverdrive)afterdriving.(二)有些動(dòng)詞接不帶的to不定式,(注：其被動(dòng)語態(tài)要 )“吾看三室兩廳一感覺”5看 3使 2聽 1感覺 Theyknewherverywell.Theyhadseenher (grow)up.Johnwasmade (wash)thetruckforaweekasapunishment.五、作定語：Thereisnothing (eat)inmyhouse.Ihavenothing (write).Ihavenopen (write).Heislookingforaroom (live).Thepoorchildhasagrandma 照(顧)Heisalwaysthefirst (come)andthelast (go).單句改錯(cuò)：Afterheconsideredtheproblem,hegotatallboxtostand.Therearefivepairsofshoestochoose,butIdecidetobuyanewone.ShelikestolistentoMr.Li'slessons,sosheisalwaysthefirstcomeandtheonlystay.六、 作狀語：Hesattohavearest.MygrandmotherlivedtoseetheliberationofChina.Iamverygladtoseeyou.Tolookathim,youwouldlikehim.Hegotupearlyinordertocatchthebus.Thebusstoppedsoastopickuppassengers.七、作表語：Tothedoctor,themostimportantthingistosavethelive.Thissuitdoesnotseemtofither.八、其他用法：(一)動(dòng)詞+疑問詞+to…Pleaseshowushow (do)that.Idon'tknowwhat (say).Thequestionishow (put)itintopractice.Canyoutellmewhy (do)it?Iwanttoknowwhy (notcome)tothepartyyesterday.(二)不定式在but,except,otherthan等介詞后面時(shí)，如果介詞前有行為動(dòng)詞 do的某種形式，那么介詞后的不定式不帶 to,否則就要to.⑴Themancandoeverythingbut (speak)English.Wecoulddonothingbut (wait).Shehasnochoicebut (wait)forthenews.Theenemycandonothingexcept (escape).Theenemyhadnothingtochooseexcept (escape).(三)不定式的時(shí)態(tài)：主動(dòng)被動(dòng)時(shí)間概念一般式todotobedone謂語動(dòng)詞之后完成式tohavedonetohavebeendone謂語動(dòng)詞之后進(jìn)行式tobedoing無謂語動(dòng)詞之后完成進(jìn)行式tohavebeendoing無謂語動(dòng)詞之后(四)、不定式的否定：Tellhimnottoshutthewindow.ShepretendednottoseemewhenIpassedby.Havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouple,butitremains whethertheywillenjoyit.A.toseeB.tobeseenC.seeingD.seenExerciseone:—Thelightintheofficeisstillon.---Oh,Iforgot .A.turningitoffB.turnitoff C.havingturneditoffD.toturnitoffShecan'thelp_thehousebecauseshe'sbusymakingacake.A.toclean B.cleaning C.cleanedD.beingcleanedNoteverybodyhastheability inpublic.A.ofspeak B.speaking C.spoken D.tospeakMaryisalwaysthefirststuden toanswertheteacher'squestionsinclass.A.risingB.toriseC.rose D.risen—Mum,whydoyoualwaysaskmetoeataneggeveryday?--- enoughproteinandnutritionasyouaregrowingup.A.GetB.GettingC.TogetD.Tobegetting—wouldyoubesokind usout?--Withpleasure.A.helping B.inhelpingC.help D.astohelpYesterdayIwenttoseehim, thathehadgoneabroadtwodaysbefore.A.onlytolearnB.tolearnonly C.onlylearned D.onlylearningWetumbrellasarenotallowed intothishotelaccordingtotherule.A.tobetakenB.totake C.taken D.takingThepatientwaswarmed oilyfoodaftertheoperation.A.toeatnotB.eatingnotC.nottoeatD.noteatingWeagred herebutsofarshehasn 'tturnedoutyet.A.havingmetB.meetingC.tomeet D.tohavemetPauldoesn'thavetobemade .Healwaysworkshard.A.learnB.tolearnC.learnedD.learningRobertissaid abroad,butIdidn 'tknowwhatcountryhestudiedin.A tohavestudied B tostudyC tobestudying D tohavebeenstudyingForatimehisgrandmotherfound accepthisnewidea.A.hardB.ithardC.ithardtoD.itishardtoNothingcanmakethebravesoldier hiscountry.A.turnagainstB.toturnagainstC.toturntoD.turntoNapoleonspokesoloudlyasto infrontofhissoldiers.A.hearB.beheardC.listenD.belistenedtoExercisetwo:Thepurposeofnewtechnologiesistomakelifeeasier itmoredifficult.(MET99)A.notmakeB.nottomakeC.notmakingD.donotmakeI'veworkedwithchilndrbeefore,soIknowwhat inmynewjob.(MET2000)A.expectedB.toexpectC.tobeexpectingD.expectsCharlesBabbageisgenerallyconsidered thefirstcomputer.(MET1993)A.toinventB.inventingC.tohaveinventedD.havinginventedAllenhadtocallataxibecausetheboxwas tocarryallthewayhome.(MET2003)A.muchtooheavyB.toomuchheavyC.heavytoomuchD.tooheavymuchTheboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim__.(MET95)A.nottoB.nottodoC.notdoitD.donottoLittleJimshouldlove tothetheatrethisevening.(MET92)A.tobetakenB.totakeC.beingtakenD.takingTherearefivepairs ,butrmatalosswhichtobuy.(199上海高考)A.tobechosenB.tochoosefromC.tochooseD.forchoosing lateintheafternoon,Bobturnedoffthealarm.(2001年北京春季高考)A.TosleepB.SleepingC.SleepD.Havingslee