廣東省廣州市越秀區(qū)第十六中學(xué)2022-2023學(xué)年八年級上學(xué)期期中英語試題

廣東省廣州市越秀區(qū)第十六中學(xué)2022-2023學(xué)年八年級上學(xué)

期期中英語試題學(xué)校:姓名：班級：考號：一、單項(xiàng)選擇Samusedtogamesforfun,butnowhewantstodo.A.play;elsesomething B.playing;somethingelseC.play;somethingelse D.playing;elsesomething【答案】C【詳解】句意：山姆過去玩游戲是為了好玩，但現(xiàn)在他想做點(diǎn)別的?？疾楣潭ǘ陶Z和不定代詞。根據(jù)"butnow”可知，第一空表示“過去常常"，為usedtodosth,排除B和D；第二空else修飾不定代詞something,需置于不定代詞后。故選C。Whenthedinosaurappeared,allranoff,leavingmealonetofacethedanger.A.theotherB.theothers C.others D.another【答案】B【詳解】句意：當(dāng)恐龍出現(xiàn)時(shí)，其他人都跑了，只剩下我一個(gè)人面對危險(xiǎn)?？疾榇~辨析。theother其余的，后接名詞，或用于one…theother…"一個(gè)另一個(gè)”theothers其余人/物；others其他人/物；another另——個(gè)。根據(jù)“allranoff,leavingmealonetofacethedanger”可知，只剩下我一人，其余人都逃跑了。故選B。.Thenumberoftheworkersinthisfactory2,000.Andanumberofthemtoworkbybike.A.are;go B.are;goes C.is;go D.is;goes【答案】c【詳解】句意：這家工廠的工人人數(shù)是2000人。他們中的許多人騎自行車上班。考查主謂一致。thenumberof+名詞復(fù)數(shù)，表示“的數(shù)量”，中心詞是number,作主語時(shí)對應(yīng)謂語用單數(shù)形式，第一空填is；anumberof+名詞復(fù)數(shù)/代詞，表示“大量的……”,中心詞是“名詞復(fù)數(shù)/代詞”，作主語時(shí)對應(yīng)謂語用復(fù)數(shù)形式，第二空填g。。故選C。一HowfarisitfromBeijingtoHaikou?—IfsaflightfromBeijingtoHaikou.A.3-hours-longB.3-hour-longC.3hour'slongD.3hourslong【答案】Bshoutedrudely,"Youhavenotpaidmefbrthefriedfish!^^“ButIhavenothadyourfriedfish!”“Buteveryonecanseethatyouenjoyedthesmellofmyfriedfishwithyourriceandvegetables,arguedthewoman“Ifyouhadnotsmelledthefish,yourmealwouldnothavebeeneatensojovially!"Soonacrowdcollected,althoughtheysupportedthepoortraveller,theyhadtoagreethatthewindwasblowingfromtheshoptotheplacewherehehadeaten,andthatithadcarriedthesmellofthefriedfishtohim.Finally,thewomantookthepoortravellertoajudge（法官）,whosaid,"Thewomansaysthatthetravelleratehismealwiththesmellofherfish.Thetravelleragreesthatthewindwasblowingfromthewoman'sshoptotheplacewhereheatehisriceandvegetablesandthatitcarriedthesmellofherfriedfishtohisnosewhilehewaseating,sohemustpayforit.Whatdoesyourfriedfishcost?”"Twenty-fivecentsaplate."sheansweredhappily.“Thengooutsidetogether,“saidthejudge."Therethetravellermustholdupa25-centpiecesothatitsshadow（影子）fallsonthewoman'shand.Thepriceofthesmellofaplateoffriedfishistheshadowof25cents.AccordingtoParagraph1,whydidthewomanshout?Becauseshewantedtosellherfriedfish.Becauseshewantedtoarguewiththetraveller.Becauseshewantedthetravellertopay.Becauseshewantedtogivesomefoodtothetraveller.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"jovially“inParagraph3mean?A.Secretly.B.Quickly. C.Pleasantly. D.Slowly.Whatcanweknowaccordingtothepassage?Thewomangotnothingatlast.B,Thejudgedidawrongthing.Thetravellerateaplateoffish.Thetravellergavethewoman25cents.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthejudgeis.A.patientB.shy C.impolite D.intelligent【答案】34.C35.C36.A37.D【導(dǎo)語】本文講述一個(gè)女人因?yàn)樨毟F的旅行者聞到了她的炸魚味道而向旅行者索取費(fèi)用,旅行者認(rèn)為自己沒有吃炸魚就不需要付錢，最后二人鬧到法庭上的故事。.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Thiswomanwatchedthepoortravellercarefully,andwhenhefinishedhisfoodandbegantogo,sheshoutedrudely,"Youhavenotpaidmeforthefriedfish!加可知，因?yàn)樗胱屄眯姓吒跺X所以大喊。故選C。.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)"Ifyouhadnotsmelledthefish,yourmealwouldnothavebeeneatensojovially!”可知，女人認(rèn)為因?yàn)楦F游行者聞到了炸魚的味道，所以才能愉快地吃完了飯，所以劃線單詞表示“愉快地”，與pleasant同義。故選C。.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Therethetravellermustholdupa25-centpiecesothatitsshadow（影子）fallsonthewoman'shand.Thepriceofthesmellofaplateoffriedfishistheshadowof25cents”可知，那個(gè)女人最后什么也沒有得到。故選A。.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Therethetravellermustholdupa25-centpiecesothatitsshadow（影子）fallsonthewoman'shand.Thepriceofthesmellofaplateoffriedfishistheshadowof25cents”可知，法官想出了用25美分的影子支付一盤炸魚味道的錢的主意，可見他是聰明的，故選D。Nowadays,wehavekindsoftechnologiestoprotectusfromdifferentdisasters（災(zāi)難）.Weevenknowwhereandwhensomedisasters,likethetyphoon,come.Whilemostofthenewtechnologiesarefarawayfromus,somearounduscanhelppeopleindisasters.Thedrone（無人機(jī)）isoneofthem.Itcanbeusedtosendfood,waterandotherimportantthingswhenanaturaldisasterhappens.Veryoftenthebuildingsaretoodangerousforrescueteamstogetin.Theycanmakethedroneflyintothebuildingstosearchforthosewhoarestillalivefirst.Socialmediaisalsoausefultoolwhenitcomestonaturaldisasters.Withitshelp,peoplecanknowaboutthenaturaldisastersbeforetheyhit.Andsomesocialmediaplatformsallowpeopletomarkthemselvesassafeafterdisasterssootherscanknowtheirstatus.Socialmediaisalsoaplaceforup-to-the-minutenews,sopeoplecanlearnwhatisgoingoninthedisasterareas.Besides,manysocialmediaplatformsallowpeopletodonatemoneytohelppeopleindisasterareas.Themoneywillhelpthemgetbacktotheirnormallifeassoonaspossible.Forexample,livestreaming（直播）helpedraisealotofmoneyforHenanafterthefloodin2021.Althoughthesetechnologiescanhelpwhenthereisanaturaldisaster,westillneedtopreparenecessarytoolsandlearnimportantskillstoprotectourselves.38.Ifpeopleknowothers“status"，theyknow38.whattheyarelikewhattheyaredoingwhattheyarelikewhattheyaredoingC.iftheyareathomeD.howtheyaregoingC.iftheyareathomeD.howtheyaregoing39.ThewritermentionslivestreamingtoshowA.socialmediacanprovideup-to-the-minutenewsB.socialmediacanhelpraisemoneyafteradisasterC.peoplecanknowaboutcomingdisastersonsocialmediaD.peoplecantellotherstheyaresafethroughsocialmedia40.ThepurposeofthepassageistoA.tellreaderswhattodowhendisasterscomeB.advisereaderstousesocialmediamoreoftenC.tellreadershowsometechnologieshelpindisastersD.askreaderstolearnnecessaryskillsfornaturaldisasters41.Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructureofthepassage?①A.② ③④B.①②③④D.①C.①39.ThewritermentionslivestreamingtoshowA.socialmediacanprovideup-to-the-minutenewsB.socialmediacanhelpraisemoneyafteradisasterC.peoplecanknowaboutcomingdisastersonsocialmediaD.peoplecantellotherstheyaresafethroughsocialmedia40.ThepurposeofthepassageistoA.tellreaderswhattodowhendisasterscomeB.advisereaderstousesocialmediamoreoftenC.tellreadershowsometechnologieshelpindisastersD.askreaderstolearnnecessaryskillsfornaturaldisasters41.Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructureofthepassage?①A.② ③④B.①②③④D.①C.①④⑤②③④⑤【導(dǎo)語】本文介紹了一些能夠保護(hù)人民免于災(zāi)難的現(xiàn)代科技。.推理判斷題。根據(jù)"Andsomesocialmediaplatformsallowpeopletomarkthemselvesassafeafterdisasterssootherscanknowtheirstatus.“可知，一些社交媒體平臺允許人們在災(zāi)難發(fā)生后將自己標(biāo)記為安全的，這樣其他人就可以知道自己的狀態(tài)，也就是人們可以知道他們情況如何。故選D。.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Themoneywillhelpthemgetbacktotheirnormallifeassoonaspossible.Forexample,livestreaming（直播）helpedraisealotofmoneyforHenanafterthefloodin2021「可知，直播能夠在災(zāi)難過后幫助籌集大量資金。故選B。.推理判斷題?？v觀全文，本文介紹了一些能夠保護(hù)人民免于災(zāi)難的現(xiàn)代科技。因此本文的目的在于告訴讀者一些技術(shù)是如何在災(zāi)難中發(fā)揮作用的。故選Co.篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。根據(jù)“Whilemostofthenewtechnologiesarefarawayfromus,somearounduscanhelppeopleindisasters.”可知第一段總領(lǐng)全文，根據(jù)"Thedroneisoneofthem.”可知第二段介紹無人機(jī)，根據(jù)"Socialmediaisalsoausefultoolwhenitcomestonaturaldisasters.”和"Socialmediaisalsoaplaceforup-to-the-minutenews,sopeoplecanlearnwhatisgoingoninthedisasterareas,，可知第三段和第四段介紹社交媒體，根據(jù)"Althoughthesetechnologiescanhelpwhenthereisanaturaldisaster”可知最后——段總結(jié)，因此選項(xiàng)A符合。故選A。Researchhasfoundthatthesecrettohappinessiskeepingbusy.Keepingyourmindsbusywithtaskscanhelpyoukeepoffyournegativeemotions（負(fù)面f青緒）.Nomatterhowmeaninglesstheyare.However,thebadnewsisthathumansareseeminglyborntobelazyinordertosaveenergy,accordingtoProfessorChristoperHsee,ascientistatChicagoUniversity.Inastudy,98studentswereaskedtocompletetwosurveys.Aftertheyhadcompletedthefirst,theyhadtowait15minutestoreceivethenextone.Theyweregivenachoiceofeitherhandinginthefirstsurveynearbyoratafartherplacetheyhadtowalkto.Nomatterwhichchoicetheymade,theyreceivedachocolatebar.Itturnedoutthat68studentschosethelazyoption.Thosewhohadtakenthewalkreportedfeelinghappierthanthosewhohadstayedput（待在原處）.Prof.Hseesaidthatkeepingbusyhelpedkeeppeoplehappy.Hesaidthefindings,reportedinthejournalPsychologicalScience,mighthaveaneffectonpolicies（政策）."Governmentsmayincreasethehappinessofidlecitizensbyhavingthembuildbridgesthatareactuallyuseless/hesuggested.Asforordinarypeople,headvised,"Getupanddosomething,anything.Eveniftherereallyisnopointtowhatyouaredoing,youwillfeelbetterforit."Headded,"Thinkingdeeplyorengaginginself-reflection（自我反?。ヽanberegardedaskeepingbusy,too.”"Youdonotneedtoberunningaround.Youjustneedtobeengaged,eitherphysicallyormentally.,,42.Keepingbusycanmakepeoplehappybecause.A.itcanhelppeoplekeepofflazinessB?itcanmakepeoplesleepbetteritcanhelpkeepoffofnegativeemotionsitcangivepeopleasenseofachievement43.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?Policiesmaybeinfluencedbythefindings.TheofficialshavetakenProf.Hsee'sadvice.Inthestudy,halfstudentshandedinthefirstsurveynearby.Governmentscanincreasecitizens'happinessbybuildingbridges.44.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Everybodyisbomtobehappy.B,Onlybykeepingworkingallthetimecanyougethappiness.Prof.Hsee'sfindingwaspublishedinPsychologicalScience.Keepingbusygoesagainsthumannature.45.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.WhatisHappinessB?TheSecretofHappiness:KeepingBusyTheFindingofResearch:DoWhatYouLikeTakeLifeCorrectly【答案】42,C43.A44.D45.B【導(dǎo)語】本文講述科學(xué)家通過研究發(fā)現(xiàn)——快樂的秘訣是保持忙碌，讓大腦專注于任務(wù),可以避免負(fù)面情緒。.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Keepingyourmindsbusywithtaskscanhelpyoukeepoffyournegativeemotions（負(fù)面情緒）."可知，保持忙碌可以讓人們快樂，因?yàn)樗梢詭椭藗償[脫消極情緒。故選C。.推理判斷題。根據(jù)"Hesaidthefindings,reportedinthejournalPsychologicalScience,mighthaveaneffectonpolicies（政策）「可知，選項(xiàng)A“政策可能會受到調(diào)查結(jié)果的影響”表述正確。故選A。.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“However,thebadnewsisthathumansareseeminglyborntobelazyinordertosaveenergy,accordingtoProfessorChristoperHsee,ascientistatChicagoUniversity."（然而，壞消息是，據(jù)芝加哥大學(xué)的科學(xué)家ChristoperHsee教授稱，人類似乎天生懶惰，以節(jié)省能量）可推斷，忙碌有悖于人的天性。故選D。.最佳標(biāo)題題。本文講述科學(xué)家通過研究發(fā)現(xiàn)——快樂的秘訣是保持忙碌，讓大腦專注于任務(wù)，可以避免負(fù)面情緒。可知，選項(xiàng)B符合文章大意。故選B。五、閱讀還原5選5閱讀短文及文后選項(xiàng)，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。DoyouknowAustralia?Australiaisthelargestislandintheworld.46ThepopulationofAustraliaisnearlyaslargeasthatofShanghai.47Theskyisblueandthewaterisclean.Youcanclearlyseefishswimmingintherivers.Plantsgrowverywell.LastmonthwevisitedPerth,thebiggestcityinWesternAustralia,andwenttoawildflowers,exhibition. 48Perthisfamousforitsbeautifulwildflowers.AftervisitingPerth,wespentthedayinthecountryside.Wesatdownandhadarestnearapathatthefootofahill.49Suddenly,weheardbellsringingatthetopofthehill.Whatwesawmadeuspickupallourthingsandrunbacktothecarasquicklyaswecould.Therewereaboutthreehundredsheepcomingtowardsusdownthepath.50Afterashortdrivefromanytown,youwillfindyourselfinthemiddleofwhitesheep.Sheep,sheep,everywherearesheep.A.Thegovernmenthasmadeenoughlawstofightpollution.B,Australiaisfamousforitssheepandkangaroos.Australiaisbig,butitspopulationisnotlarge.Itwasquietandweenjoyedourselves.Therewesawalargenumberofwildflowerswehadneverseenbefore.【答案】46.C47.A48.E49.D50.B【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了澳大利亞的面積、人口和西部的珀斯以及游覽鄉(xiāng)村的經(jīng)歷。根據(jù)“Australiaisthelargestislandintheworld...ThepopulationofAustraliaisnearlyaslargeasthatofShanghai”可知，澳大利亞很大，但是人口很少，選項(xiàng)C“澳大利亞很大，但人口不多?！狈险Z境，故選C。根據(jù)"Theskyisblueandthewaterisclean.Youcanclearlyseefishswimmingintherivers.Plantsgrowverywell.”可知，此處是說澳大利亞的環(huán)境很好，選項(xiàng)A“政府已經(jīng)制定了足夠的法律來對抗污染?！狈险Z境，故選A。根據(jù)“Perthisfamousforitsbeautifulwildflowers”可知，此處說的和美麗的野花有關(guān)，選項(xiàng)E“在那里我們看到了許多我們以前從未見過的野花?！狈险Z境，故選E。根據(jù)"WesatdownandhadarestnearapathatthefootofahilL"和"Suddenly,weheardbellsringingatthetopofthehill.”可知,作者他們坐下來休息,突然聽到山頂上的鐘聲。選項(xiàng)D“那里很安靜，我們玩得很開心?！狈险Z境，故選D。根據(jù)"Afterashortdrivefromanytown,youwillfindyourselfinthemiddleofwhitesheep.Sheep,sheep,everywherearesheep.”可知，此處介紹澳大利亞有很多羊，選項(xiàng)B”澳大利亞以羊和袋鼠而聞名?！狈险Z境，故選B。六、短文首字母填空根據(jù)下文中所給的首字母寫出空格所缺的單詞，使文章通順合理并符合語法要求，每空只寫一，詞。Wearelearningaboutgreatinventionsintheworldthesedays.Infact,manyinventionswerecreatedbya51Theinventorsweretryingtomakesomethingcompletelydifferent.Hereisonestory.In1945,attheendoftheSecondWorldWar,PercyLeBaronSpencer,anAmericaninventorwasworkingonamachinetop52powerfulradiowaves.Whenhewasstandingnexttothemachine,henoticedthatthebarofchocolateinhispocketwentsoft.Her53thatthismachinewasabletocookthings.Hecalleditamicrowave.Sincethen,peoplehavebeenabletoheatorcookthingseasilyandmicrowaveshavebecomep54inmanyhomes.Aftertheinventionofmicrowave,people'slivesbecomemorec55andconvenient.【答案】51.(a)ccident52.(p)roduce53.(r)ealized/(r)ealised54.(p)opular【答案】51.(a)ccident【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述了一個(gè)關(guān)于發(fā)明的事情。.句意：事實(shí)上，許多發(fā)明都是偶然創(chuàng)造的。根據(jù)“Infact,manyinventionswerecreatedbya…”可知，此處是固定搭配byaccident”偶然地”,故填(a)ccident。.句意：1945年，第二次世界大戰(zhàn)結(jié)束時(shí)，美國發(fā)明家珀西?勒巴倫?斯賓塞正在研制一種能產(chǎn)生強(qiáng)大無線電波的機(jī)器。根據(jù)"amachinetop...powerfulradiowaves.”可知，這種機(jī)器可以產(chǎn)生強(qiáng)大無線電波，produce”產(chǎn)生，生產(chǎn)。動詞，不定式符號t。后，用動詞原形，故填(p)roduce。.句意:他意識到這臺機(jī)器可以烹飪東西。根據(jù)"thismachinewasabletocookthings^^和首字母可知，他意識到這臺機(jī)器可以烹飪東西。realize/realise”意識到。是動詞。時(shí)態(tài)是一般過去時(shí)，動詞用過去式，故填(r)ealized/(r)ealised。.句意：從那時(shí)起，人們已經(jīng)能夠輕松地加熱或烹飪食物，微波爐在許多家庭中變得流行起來o根據(jù)"Sincethen,peoplehavebeenabletoheatorcookthingseasily”可知，從那時(shí)起微波爐在許多家庭中變得流行起來，popular"流行的”，形容詞作表語，故填(p)opularo.句意：微波爐發(fā)明后，人們的生活變得更加舒適方便。根據(jù)“Aftertheinventionofmicrowave,peopledlivesbecomemorec...andconvenient.”可知,有了微波爐，人們的生活變得更加舒適方便。comfortable“舒適的”，形容詞作表語，故填(c)omfortable。七、完成句子.身體健康依靠的是營養(yǎng)豐富的食品、新鮮的空氣和充足的睡眠。Healthnutritiousfood,freshairandenoughsleep.【答案】 dependson【詳解】根據(jù)句意和題干可知，dependon表示"依靠”，句子描述一個(gè)事實(shí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語是不可數(shù)名詞，謂語動詞用三單形式。故填depends；on。.人們應(yīng)該盡力去保護(hù)野生動物，而不是去傷害他們。Peopleshouldtrytoprotectwildanimalsthem.【答案】 insteadofhurting【詳解】instead。色而不是'是固定表達(dá),后加動名詞作賓語；hurt“傷害”,動詞。故填instead；of；hurtingo.那時(shí)我們完全沒有意識到我們所惹的麻煩。Atthattime,wetotallythetroublewecaused.【答案】 wereunwareof【詳解】beunawareof沒有意識到 ”,根據(jù)“Atthattime”可知,此處用一般過去時(shí),主語是we,be動詞用were,故填were；unaware；ofo.隨著時(shí)間的推移，很多古老的習(xí)俗正在消失。Astimegoesby,manyoldcustoms.［答案】aredyingout【詳解】根據(jù)所給漢語可知，空格處要填“正在消失、由此可推知，空格處要用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)“am/is/are+動詞現(xiàn)在分詞"，主語為"manyoldcustoms”，be動詞用are,“消失”的短語是“dieout”,所以空格處要填aredyingout。故填aredyingout。八、材料作文.隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)的進(jìn)步，新的發(fā)明不斷涌現(xiàn)，它們大大地改變了人們的生活，綜合以下表格寫一篇短文。談?wù)劯黜?xiàng)發(fā)明的作用，然后說出你的感受。發(fā)明作用空調(diào)(air-conditioner)調(diào)節(jié)溫度(temperature),讓人們能在舒適的環(huán)境下生活高鐵(high-speedrailway)讓出行更快捷方便電腦提高人們的計(jì)算速度和準(zhǔn)確性；幫助人們做許多重要的事補(bǔ)充一個(gè)例子 要求：1.詞數(shù)：80詞左右；開頭部分已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)；2?短文必須包括所有內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)，可以適當(dāng)發(fā)揮，使短文連貫，通順。3.不得透露學(xué)校，姓名等任何個(gè)人信息，否則不予評分。Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,peoplehavecreatedmoreandmoreinventions,whichbringgreatchangestoourlives.Herearesomeoftheinventions.【答案】例文Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,peoplehavecreatedmoreandmoreinventions,whichbringgieatchangestoouilives.He】ea】esomeoftheinventions.Air-conditionerisagreatinvention.Itcanregulatethetemperaturesothatpeoplecanliveinacomfortableenvironment,especiallyinthehotsummer.Theemergenceofhigh-speedrailwaymakespeopletravelmoreconvenientandfast.Thecomputerisatrans-centuryinvention.Itcanimprovepeople'scomputingspeedandaccuracy.Atthesametime,itcanhelppeopledomanyimportantthings.Inaddition,mobilephoneisawonderfulinvention.Withmobilephones,peopledon'tneedtowritelettersanymore.Howusefultheseinventionsare!【詳解】［總體分析］①題材：本文是一篇說明文，為材料作文；②時(shí)態(tài)：時(shí)態(tài)為“一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)”；③提示：根據(jù)所給提示完成寫作，不能遺漏信息，可以適當(dāng)發(fā)揮。［寫作步驟］第一步，根據(jù)表格提示介紹各項(xiàng)發(fā)明的作用；第二步；自己再補(bǔ)充一個(gè)例子；第三步，最后表達(dá)自己的感受。［亮點(diǎn)詞匯］①makesbdo使某人做②helpsbdo幫助某人做③inaddition止匕夕卜［高分句型］Itcanregulatethetemperaturesothatpeoplecanliveinacomfortableenvironment,especiallyinthehotsummer,（sothat引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句）【詳解】句意:——從北京到?？谟卸噙h(yuǎn)？——從北京到海口需要3個(gè)小時(shí)的飛行時(shí)間。考查形容詞作定語。此空修飾名詞flight,用由連字符連接起來的名詞作定語，名詞用單數(shù)形式，故選B。Aboutofthestudentswereborninthe.A.threefive;1996B.threefifths;1990sC.thirdfifth;1997D.thirdfifths;1990s【答案】B【詳解】句意：大約五分之三的學(xué)生是90后?？疾榉?jǐn)?shù)和年代的表達(dá)。分?jǐn)?shù)是由基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞一起來表示的?；鶖?shù)詞作分子，序數(shù)詞作分母，除了分子是“1”以外，其他情況下序數(shù)詞都要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。表示在某個(gè)世紀(jì)的幾十年代，用“inthe+逢十的基數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)工基數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)若用阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字表示,可直接加s,也可加飛。如：“在20世紀(jì)90年代in在e19世's或inthe1990s。分析選項(xiàng)可知，只有選項(xiàng)B符合。故選B。Onceuponatime,alittlemouseandtwolittlebirdsandtheyweregoodfriends.A.therehasB.therewere C.thereis D.therewas【答案】D【詳解】句意：從前，有一只小老鼠和兩只小鳥，它們是好朋友?？疾閠herebe和動詞時(shí)態(tài)。therebe表示“有",不和have連用,排除A；結(jié)合“Onceuponatime”可知，時(shí)態(tài)是一般過去時(shí)，離be動詞最近的主語“alittlemouse”是單數(shù)，be動詞用waso故選Do一Whosehomeisawayfromschoolinourclass?一Mary's.A.farther B.far C.thefarthestD.farthest【答案】C【詳解】句意:——我們班誰的家離學(xué)校最遠(yuǎn)？——瑪麗的?？疾樾稳菰~最高級。根據(jù)"inourclass”可知，比較范圍大于三者，用far的最高級farthest,且最高級前需加the。故選C。一Whatisthemeaningofthisword?—Idon'tknoweither.Whynotinthedictionary?A.lookupitB.lookingupitC.lookitup D.lookingitup【答案】C【詳解】句意：——這個(gè)詞是什么意思？——我也不知道。為什么不查字典呢？考查動詞短語和特殊疑問句。lookup是“動詞+副詞”結(jié)構(gòu)短語，人稱代詞作賓語，需要放中間，排除AB；whynotdo"為什么不做”,是固定句型，故選C。一Thereisnosaltleft.Jim,wouldyouliketoget?一OK.Mum.A.it B.one C.some D.any【答案】C【詳解】句意：——沒有鹽了。吉姆，你能去買一點(diǎn)嗎？——好的，媽媽?？疾椴欢ù~。it它；one一個(gè)；some一些，一般用于肯定句或希望得到對方肯定回答的一般疑問句；any一般用于否定句或疑問句。根據(jù)"Thereisnosaltleft.”可知，salt屬于不可數(shù)名詞，故排除選項(xiàng)B；it常用于同名同物，故排除選項(xiàng)A；其次“wouldyoulike”表示委婉的語氣，希望得到對方的肯定回答，應(yīng)用some。故選C。Therentis400yuanamonth,waterandelectricity.A.includeB.including C.includes D.included【答案】B【詳解】句意：房租是每月400元，包括水電費(fèi)?？疾樵~義辨析。include包括，動詞原形；including可以是現(xiàn)在分詞，也可以是介詞；includes動詞三單；included是過去式和過去分詞。句中已有謂語動詞，所以此處不用謂語動詞，排除AC；其次房租和后面的水電費(fèi)是主動關(guān)系，不用included表被動。只有including符合，故選B。二、語法選擇閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性和上下文連貫性的要求，從A、B、C和D項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ChineseastronautJingHaipengisthepersonIreallyappreciate（欣賞）.Whenhewaschosentobethecommander（指揮長）ofShenzhou-11,hehasbecomethefirstChinesetoworkintospaceforthethirdtime.JingworkedwithChenDong,anewandyoungastronaut,and11toChina9sTiangong-2spacelab12Oct17,2016.JingjoinedintheShenzhou-7mission（任務(wù)）in2008.In2012,hewas13thecommanderofShenzhou-9.1450-year-oldastronautsetanothertworecords:Flyingmorethan45daysofspaceflight.Itmade15becomethefirstChineseastronauttohavetravelledinspaceforsolong.HeandChenflewhigherthananyotherChineseastronaut.Onhis16timeinspace,Jingsaidhewasjustasexcitedasbefore.Butactuallyaftertwomissionsand18yearsoftraining,hefelt17thistime.I18lovewhatIdoJThavehaddifferentdreamsindifferentperiodsoflife.Apersonwhohasadreamshouldneverstop19Jhesaid.Jingfirstshowedaninterestinaviation（航空）whenhewasachild.Heenteredanaviationexamin1984butfailed20physicalreasons.Butthisdidnotstophim.Finally,in1998,hewaspickedouttobeoneofChinasfirstastronauts.11.A.goB.wentC.willgoD.goes12.A.onB.inC.atD.for13.A.tooB.alsoc.eitherD.aswell14.A.AB.Thec.AnD./15.A.hisB.hec.himD.himself16.A.thirdB.threec.thethirdD.thethree17.A.calmB.calmerc.morecalmD.evencalm18.A.trulyB.truec.truthD.truer19.A.todreamB.dreamc.dreamedD.dreaming20.A.becauseofB.becausec.asD.so【答案】BABBCABADBABBCABAD20.A【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了中國宇航員——景海鵬。.句意：2016年10月17日，景和年輕的新宇航員陳冬一起前往中國天宮二號空間實(shí)驗(yàn)室。go動詞原形;went動詞過去式;willgo一般將來時(shí)；goes動詞三單。根據(jù)前文“JingworkedwithChenDongJ可知，時(shí)態(tài)是一般過去時(shí)，故選B。.句意：2016年10月17H,景和年輕的新宇航員陳冬一起前往中國天宮二號空間實(shí)驗(yàn)室。on后加具體某一天；in后加年、月和季節(jié)；at后加具體時(shí)刻；for后加時(shí)間段。根據(jù)“Oct17,2016.”可知,具體到某一天用on,故選A。.句意：2012年，他還是神舟九號的指揮員。too也，用于肯定句句尾；also也，用于肯定句句中；either也，用于否定句句尾；aswell也，用于肯定句句尾。此句是肯定句，空處位于句中，應(yīng)用also,故選B。.句意：這位50歲的宇航員又創(chuàng)造了兩項(xiàng)紀(jì)錄。A用于輔音音素前；The定冠詞，表示特指；An用于元音音素前；/零冠詞。此處是特指這位50歲的宇航員，用定冠詞the,故選B。.句意：這使他成為第一個(gè)在太空旅行這么長時(shí)間的中國宇航員。his他的；he他，主格代詞；him他,賓格代詞；himself他自己。此空代指景海鵬,位于動詞后，應(yīng)用賓格代詞，故選C。.句意：在他第三次進(jìn)入太空時(shí)，景說他和以前一樣興奮。third第三；three三；thethird第三；thethree表達(dá)有誤,基數(shù)詞前一般不加定冠詞the。根據(jù)“time”可知，單數(shù)名詞前應(yīng)用序數(shù)詞third,空前有形容詞性物主代詞his,不需要the。故選Ao.句意：但實(shí)際上，經(jīng)過兩次任務(wù)和18年的訓(xùn)練，他這次感覺更平靜了。calm冷靜的，形容詞原級；calmer形容詞比較級；morecalm錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)；evencalm錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)，even后加比較級。此處暗含比較，比之前更平靜，故選B。.句意：真的很喜歡我做的事情。truly真正，副詞；true真正的，形容詞；truth事實(shí)，名詞；truer真的。此處是修飾動詞，應(yīng)用副詞，故選A。.句意：一個(gè)有夢想的人不應(yīng)該停止夢想。todream動詞不定式；dream動詞原形；dreamed動詞過去式；dreaming動名詞。此處是指不應(yīng)該停止夢想，應(yīng)用stopdoingsth"停止做某事"，故選D。.句意：1984年，他參加了航空考試，但由于身體原因未能通過。becauseof因?yàn)?，后加名詞或名詞短語；because因?yàn)?，后加從句；as因?yàn)?，后加從句；so所以。根據(jù)"Heenteredanaviationexamin1984butfailed...physicalreasons”可知，失敗是因?yàn)樯眢w原因，空后是名詞短語，應(yīng)用becauseof。故選A。三、完形填空閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從各題所給的A、B,C和D選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Onepeacefulnight,Tenalicouldn'tsleep,sohewentouttothebackyard.21henoticedtwomenmovinginthedark,hidingthemselvesbehindthebushes.Tenalithoughtthatthey22bethieves.Hedecidedtoteachthemalesson.Hewent23hishouseandsaidtohiswifeloudly,"Dear,weneedtosafeguardallourgoldfromtheft.Let'smovethemtoa24place.Pleasebringmeametalbox/9Tenalithentalkedtohiswifehisrealplanina25voice.Heaskedhertobringsomestonesandputtheminthemetalbox.Hecarriedtheheavymetalboxouttothewellinthebackyard.Thenhedroppeditintothewell.Then,Tenaliwentbackinsideto26 .Thethieveswatchingallthishuggedeachother 27,Theywentovertothewellandlookedintoit.Thewellwasdeepandhad28 water.Theycouldnotjumpintoit.Theydecidedtodrain（排水）thewateroutwithabucketfromthewellandpoureditintothenearby29carefullyandquietly.Atdawn,Tenaliwokeupandwentouttothewell.Onseeinghim,thethievesbothtrembledinfear.Tenalispoketothemgently,“Dear,brothers!Thankyousomuchfor30myplantsallthroughthenight!Iwanttorewardbothofyouintheking'spalacefbrtheservicesyouhaveofferedme.”Thethieveswereterriblyshockedandranawayatonce.21.A.FinallyB.SuddenlyC.LuckilyD.Probably22.A.couldn'tB.mustn'tC-needD.might23.A.insideB.outsideC.outofD.awayfrom24.A.quietB,cleanC,beautifulD.safe25.A.sweetB.lowC.loudD.happy26.A.hideB.sitC.sleepD.shout27.A.sadlyB.gentlyC.patientlyD.excitedly28.A.alotofB.alittleC.someD.enough29.A.streetB?riverC,gardenD.park30.A.diggingB.growingC.cuttingD.watering【答案】26.C27.D28.A29.C.B22.D23.A24.D25.B26.C27.D28.A29.C【導(dǎo)語】本文講述了Tenali給闖入家中的小偷一個(gè)教訓(xùn)的故事。.句意：突然，他注意到有兩個(gè)人在黑暗中走動，躲在灌木叢后面。Finally最終；Suddenly突然；Luckily幸運(yùn)地；Probably可能。根據(jù)“Onepeacefulnight,Tenalicouldn'tsleep,sohewentouttothebackyard”可知,一個(gè)平靜的夜晚,Tenali睡不著，于是他走到后院，此時(shí)突然發(fā)現(xiàn)有兩個(gè)人在黑暗中走動，故選B。.句意:Tenali認(rèn)為他們可能是小偷。couldn't不能；mustn't禁止；need需要；might可能。根據(jù)“henoticedtwomenmovinginthedark,hidingthemselvesbehindthebushes.”可知，大晚上看到兩人在黑暗中走動，躲在灌木叢后面，所以猜測他們可能是小偷，故選D。.句意：他走進(jìn)屋里，大聲對妻子說：“親愛的，我們需要保護(hù)我們所有的金子不被偷走。把它們轉(zhuǎn)移到安全的地方。請給我一個(gè)金屬盒子。”inside里面；outside外面；outof從里面（走出）；awayfrom遠(yuǎn)離。根據(jù)上文“Tenalicouldn'tsleep,sohewentouttothebackyard.”可知,Tenali睡不著,于是他走到后院,所以此時(shí)是走進(jìn)屋子，故選A。.句意：他走進(jìn)屋里，大聲對妻子說：“親愛的，我們需要保護(hù)我們所有的金子不被偷走。把它們轉(zhuǎn)移到安全的地方。請給我一個(gè)金屬盒子?！眖uiet安靜的;clean干凈的；beautiful美麗的；safe安全的。根據(jù)“Dear,weneedtosafeguardallourgoldfromtheft”可知，要把金子移到安全的地方保證不被偷走，故選D。.句意：然后，Tenali低聲把他真正的計(jì)劃告訴了他的妻子。sweet甜蜜的；low低的；loud大聲的；happy開心的。根據(jù)"Tenalithentalkedtohiswifehisrealplan”可知，說真實(shí)的計(jì)劃時(shí)要小聲說，故選B。.句意：然后，Tenali回到屋里睡覺。hide隱藏；sit坐；sleep睡覺；shout大叫。根據(jù)“Then,Tenaliwentbackinsideto…”結(jié)合此處是晚上可知，應(yīng)該回去睡覺，故選C。.句意：看到這一切的小偷們興奮地?fù)肀г谝黄?。sadly悲傷地;gently溫和地;patiently耐心地;excitedly激動地。根據(jù)"Thethieveswatchingallthishuggedeachother”可知，小偷以為金子在井里，所以很激動，故選D。.句意：這口井很深，井里有很多水。alotof很多；alittle一點(diǎn)；some一些；enou