Unit8Howdoyoumakeabananamilkshake？【寫作課】八年級英語上冊單元寫作深度指導(dǎo)（人教版）（教師版）

Unit8Howdoyoumakeabananamilkshake？單元寫作指導(dǎo)與演練近三年考情分析話題考查熱度說明文描述食物的制作過程一、話題分析本單元的話題是“食物制作”。與本話題相關(guān)的作文題目往往與如何制作某種食物相關(guān)。寫作內(nèi)容是描述制作一種食物的過程，不論是制作喝的奶昔類，還是制作吃的沙拉類，寫作內(nèi)容要包括所需材料、制作的步驟、方法和注意事項等。寫作時常要用表示順序的副詞first，next，then，finally等，以使整篇文章更有條理；因為是介紹方式方法的說明文，要用一般現(xiàn)在時作為主要時態(tài)。 ⑴那么首先要審題，確定時態(tài)為一般一般過去式或一般現(xiàn)在時，人稱為第一人稱，開頭要開篇點題，敘述制作這種食物的原因。 ⑵正文要介紹做這種食物整個過程。用上first,next,then,finally表示先后順序的副詞。 ⑶結(jié)尾要對自己做這種食物進行評價。第一步：概述所要表達的話題；第二步：按順序描述制作方法：首先做什么；其次做什么；然后做什么；接下來做什么；……最后做什么。第三步：制作好的感受【詞匯積累】machine機器blender食物攪拌器spoon勺；調(diào)羹 oven烤箱；烤爐plate盤子；碟子 pot鍋 salt食鹽 sandwich三明治butter黃油；奶油 peel剝皮；去皮 11.pourthemilkintotheblender把牛奶倒入攪拌機12.cutuptheapples切碎蘋果13.puttheturkeyintotheoven把火雞放入烤箱14.cookfor15minutes煮15分鐘15.don’tforgettoaddsomesalt別忘記加鹽16.turnon接通（電流、煤氣、水等）；打開17.givethanksfor…因……而感謝18.mixtogether融合在一起19.fillcupwithwater用水填滿杯子句型積累Howdoyoumakeabananamilkshake?你怎樣做香蕉奶昔？2.Turnontheblender.打開攪拌器。3.Pourthemilkintotheblender.把牛奶倒進攪拌器中。4.Tomakeacake,youneedeggs,butterandsugar.5.IwanttomakeRussiansoupforapartyonSaturday.我想為周六的聚會制作俄式湯。6.First,mixtogethersomebreadpieces,onions,saltandpepper.首先，將一些面包片、洋蔥、鹽和胡椒粉混合在一起。Tosharethecake,pleasecutitintosixpieces.8.Next,filltheturkeywiththisbreadmix.接下來，將這份面包混合物填在火雞里。9.Cookitataveryhightemperatureforalongtime.在高溫下將它煮好長時間。10.Cookingdeliciousmealscanbringalotoffuntoyourlife.11.Inmostcountries,peopleusuallyeattraditionalfoodonspecialholidays.在特殊的日子里吃傳統(tǒng)的食物是一個傳統(tǒng)。TheDragonBoatFestivalisonthefifthdayinthefifthmonthofChinesecalendar.It’salsoatimeforfamilytogettogether.端午節(jié)在農(nóng)歷五月初五，是全家團結(jié)的時刻。PeoplecelebrateTheDragonBoatFestivalbyeatingzongziandwatchingtheDragonBoatraces.人們通過吃粽子和觀看龍舟的方式歡度端午?！糸_頭句①Letmetellyouhowtomakefruitsalad.②Hereisonewaytomaketurkey.③Tomakefruitsalad，weneedoneapple，twooranges，onewatermelon，threeteaspoonsofhoneyandonecupofyogurt.◆中間句①First，peeltheappleandorangesandcutthemup.②Next，puttheminabigbowl.③Then，pourthehoneyandyogurtintothebowl.④Finally，mixthemallup.◆結(jié)尾句①NowthefruitsaladisOK.Itissodelicious.②Pleaseeandsmellit!③Nowyoucanenjoythetraditionalfood.【諺語積累】1．Itisdifficulttocaterforalltastes.眾口難調(diào)。2．Foodisthefirstnecessityofthepeople.民以食為天。3．Somesoupbeforedinner，healthybodyforever.飯前喝口湯，永遠沒災(zāi)殃。上個月，來自英國的交換生Sally去你家做客。她覺得你做的水果沙拉很美味，想知道如何制作水果沙拉。請你根據(jù)提示，以“HowtoMakeFruitSalad”為題，寫一篇70詞左右的英語短文，介紹一下水果沙拉的制作過程。提示：Ingredients(食材)：1apple，2oranges，1watermelon，3teaspoonsofhoney，1cupofyogurt◆◆審題指導(dǎo)1．文體：說明文；2．時態(tài)：以一般現(xiàn)在時為主；3．注意事項：注意段落布局并恰當使用復(fù)合句或連接詞來增加得分點?！簟羲悸伏c撥◆◆組句成篇Onepossibleversion：HowtoMakeFruitSaladDoyoulikefruitsalad？Letmetellyouhowtomakeit.Tomakefruitsalad，weneedoneapple，twooranges，onewatermelon，threeteaspoonsofhoneyandonecupofyogurt.First，peeltheappleandorangesandcutthemup.Alsocutupthewatermelon.Next，puttheminabigbowl.Then，pourthehoneyandyogurtintoit.Finally，mixthemallup.Nowthefruitsaladisready.Itissodelicious.Wecanenjoyittogether.詞匯積累1．剝香蕉________________2．把牛奶倒入攪拌機________________3．切碎蘋果________________4．把火雞放入烤箱________________5．打開攪拌機________________6．煮15分鐘________________7．還有一件事________________8．別忘記加鹽________________9．主菜________________10．傳統(tǒng)食物________________11．用……覆蓋________________12．用……填充________________句子積累(一)用“howmany/howmuch”填空。1．—________________ricedoweneed?—Fourcups.2．—________________meatdoyouwanttobuy?—Ijustneedthreekilos.3．—________________chickenisenough?—Weneedfourslicesofchicken.4．—________________orangewouldyoulike?—Alittle.5．—________________orangeswouldyoulike?—MayIaskforfive?(二)寫作微技能：利用wh－questions充實寫作內(nèi)容。根據(jù)上下文，將下列內(nèi)容補充完整。(Anna，anAmericangirl，isaskingDamingabouthowtomakezongzi.Theyareinthekitchen.)Anna：Daming，theChinesezongziissodelicious.Canyoutellme________tomakeit?Daming：Sure.Weneedtohaverice，leafandsomemeat.Anna：How________ricedoweneed？Andhow________meatdoweneed?Daming：Twokilosofriceandonekiloofmeatareenough.________，washallthethings.Remembertokeepthericeinthewaterforatleastafewhours.Anna：Then?Daming:________，youneedtocutupthemeat.________，mixtogetheralltheingredientsandaddsomesalt.Anna：What'snext？CanIputsomethingdeliciousintotherice？Whatabouteggsorbeans?Daming：EitherisOK.It'suptoyou.________，putthericeandmeattogetherintoaleaf.________，foldtheleaf.Don'tletthericeoutofit.Youmustbecareful.Anna：OK，Isee.That'sit?Daming：Yes.Justputzongziintothehotpotandcookforaboutanhour.________，youcanenjoythespecialfood—zongzi.Anna：Specialfood？Whydoyousayso?Daming：Zongziisthem________dishontheDragonBoatFestival.TheDragonBoatFestivalisoneofChinese________(傳統(tǒng)的)festivals.Nowitisthelegal(法定的)holiday.Anna：Doyou________(紀念)anythingoranyoneonthisday?Daming：Yes.ItbringstoremembranceofQuYuan，anancientChinesepoet.Onthisday，peoplealloverChina，includingsomeoverseasChinese________(慶祝)thefestival.(三)佳句欣賞與模仿1．Inmostcountries，peopleusuallyeattraditionalfoodonspecialholidays.【specialday特殊的日子；traditionalfood傳統(tǒng)食物】在特殊的日子里吃傳統(tǒng)的食物是一個傳統(tǒng)。________________________________________________________________________2．ItisalwaysonthefourthThursdayinNovember，andit'satimetogivethanksforfoodintheautumn.【atimetodosth.做某事的時刻】端午節(jié)在農(nóng)歷五月初五，是全家團結(jié)的時刻。________________________________________________________________________3．Atthistime，peoplealsorememberthefirsttravelersfromEnglandwhocametoliveinAmericaabout400yearsago.【】人們在端午節(jié)這天紀念屈原。________________________________________________________________________4．Thesedays，mostAmericansstillcelebratethisideaofgivingthanksbyhavingabigmealathomewiththeirfamily.【】人們通過吃粽子和觀看龍舟的方式歡度端午。________________________________________________________________________5．HereisonewaytomaketurkeyforaThanksgivingdinner.【hereisonewaytodosth.這是做……(某道菜)的一種方法】這是端午節(jié)制作粽子的一種方式。________________________________________________________________________答案：一、詞匯積累1．peelthebananas2.pourthemilkintotheblender3.cutuptheapples4．puttheturkeyintotheoven5.turnontheblender6.cookfor15minutes7．onemorething8.don'tforgettoaddsomesalt9.maindish10.traditionalfood11.cover…with…12.fill…with…二、句子積累(一)1.Howmuch2.Howmuch3.Howmuch4.Howmuch5.Howmany寫作微技能：利用wh－questions充實寫作內(nèi)容。how；much；much；First；Then；Next；Next；Afterthat；Finally；main；traditional；remember；celebrate(三)佳句欣賞與模仿1.It'satraditionthatpeopleeattraditionalfoodonspecialdays.2.TheDragonBoatFestivalisonthefifthdayinthefifthmonthofChinesecalendar.It'salsoatimeforfamilytogettogether.3.PeoplerememberQuYuanontheDragonBoatFestival.4.PeoplecelebrateTheDragonBoatFestivalbyeatingzongziandwatchingtheDragonBoatraces.5.HereisonewaytomakezongzifortheDragonBoatFestival.（一）1．學校微信平臺正在舉行“生活中的DIY”征文比賽。小明打算寫一篇如何制作水果沙拉的英語小短文參賽。小明總結(jié)了部分制作。要點如下：1.準備一個大碗。2.把兩個蘋果洗凈切成小塊，放入大碗。3.把其他喜歡吃的水果(例如梨和香蕉)切成小塊，放入大碗。4.…….要求：內(nèi)容須包括以上要點；將第4點補充完整；詞數(shù)80左右，開頭已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。HowtomakeafruitsaladAfruitsaladisquickandeasytomake._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】例文HowtomakeafruitsaladAfruitsaladisquickandeasytomake.First,youhavetogetabigbowlready.Washtwoapples,andcutthemintosmallpieces.Next,putthemintothebigbowl.Youcanalsochoosesomeotherfruitsyoulike,suchas,pearsandbananas.Cutthemintosmallpiecestooandputthemintothebowl.Takeoutabottleofcreamandpoursomeinthebowl.Mixthefruitandcreamtogether.Nowafruitsaladisfinished!【詳解】[總體分析]①題材：本文是一篇說明文；②時態(tài)：時態(tài)為“一般現(xiàn)在時”；③提示：寫作要點已給出，考生應(yīng)注意不要遺漏“信息提示”中的做沙拉步驟，適當添加細節(jié)，并突出寫作重點。[寫作步驟]第一步，先整體表明沙拉是易做的，而且做起來很快（原文已給出）。第二步，具體闡述做沙拉的步驟，從“食材準備，切主要水果和配菜”幾個方面重點介紹沙拉的制作步驟。[亮點詞匯]①get……ready準備好……②forexample例如③takeout拿出④pour傾倒[高分句型]①Youcanalsochoosesomeotherfruityoulike.(定語從句修飾前面的“someotherfruit”)②Nowafruitsaladisfinished!（一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)）（二）2．假如你是李明，上周你做了沙拉。你想寫信把這件事和你的朋友Nick分享。請你根據(jù)以下提示和要求，寫一封信告訴他制作的全部過程。提示:1.將準備好的水果洗干凈，去皮并切成小塊放進大碗里；2.倒入酸奶；3.將所有材料混合攪拌均勻。要求:1.語句通順，條理清晰；2.包含以上所有信息，可適當發(fā)揮；3.不少于65詞（信的開頭及格式已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)）。DearNick,Lastweek,Imadedeliciousfruitsalad.Doyouwanttolearnhowtomakeit?______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiMing【答案】例文DearNick,Lastweek,Imadedeliciousfruitsalad.Doyouwanttolearnhowtomakeit?First,youneedsomekindsoffruit,suchasapples,bananas,orangesandsoon.Thenyouhavetowashandpeelthem.Youshouldcutthemintosmallpieces.Afterthat,youcanputthemintoalargebowl.Youshouldalsopreparesomeyogurt.Yogurtisgoodforus.Pourtheyogurtintothebowl.Thenyoucanmixthemup.Thatisall.Youcanhaveatryandmakeitforyourparents.Theymustbeveryhappy.Yours,LiMing【詳解】1.題干解讀：本篇書面表達屬于材料作文。要求以李明的身份給朋友Nick寫一封信，把制作沙拉的全部過程告訴他；文章的開頭已經(jīng)給出，內(nèi)容要圍繞三個題目中給出的步驟提示，描述做沙拉的具體步驟；學生們應(yīng)用正確的英語把要點表達出來，并適當發(fā)揮想象，寫出自己的觀點，把文章寫得更具體、更充實。2.寫作指導(dǎo)：寫作時應(yīng)注意以下幾點：第一點：文章時態(tài)應(yīng)采用一般過去時和一般現(xiàn)在時，人稱主要采用第一人稱和第二人稱，注意主謂一致，格式要規(guī)范，符合書信的語境表達。第二點：看清題目的要求和提示要點，不可遺漏，并在提示基礎(chǔ)上選用合適的連詞，短語和句型來進行串聯(lián)和拓展。第三點：文章做到思路清晰，條理清晰，要點齊全；行文要語句通順，符合邏輯關(guān)系；無語法、單詞拼寫和標點錯誤。（三）3．不同的地區(qū)有不同的飲食文化。假如你是八（1）班的李萍，在一年一度的校園文化美食節(jié)上，你做的食物贏得了大家的一致好評，請你給同學們介紹一下它的做法。步驟∶1.面粉（flour）+食鹽（salt）+酵母（yeast）+橄欖油（oliveroil）+水→披薩面（pizzadough）；2.番茄（tomatosauce）；3.青椒（greenpeppers）、香腸（sausage）切片；4.番茄醬的上面鋪青椒、香腸和一層芝士（cheese）；5.烘烤（bake）。作文要求∶（1）不能照抄原文；不得在作文中出現(xiàn)學校的真實名稱和學生的真實姓名。（2）語句連貫，詞數(shù)70個左右。短文的開頭和結(jié)尾已經(jīng)給出。不計入總詞數(shù)。（3）適當使用連接詞first、then、afterthat、next、finally等。Hello,I’mLiPingfromClass1,Grade8.I’mveryhappythatmanystudentslikemypizza.Iwanttotellyouhowtomakeit._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________That’sall.It’snothard.Iamsureifyouhaveatryathome,you’llenjoyit.【答案】例文：Hello,I’mLiPingfromClass1,Grade8.I’mveryhappythatmanystudentslikemypizza.Iwanttotellyouhowtomakeit.We’llneedcheese,threesausages,twogreenpeppers,water,oliveoil,yeast,sometomatosauceandflour.First,makethepizzadough.Mixthreecupsofflour,twospoonsofsalt,onecupofwaterandonecupofoliveoiltogether.Remembertoaddhalfaspoonofyeast.Second,putthetomatosauceonthedough.Afterthat,cutthepeppersandsausagesintopieces.Next,putthemandthecheeseonthetopofthetomatosauce.Finally,turnontheoven.Bakethepizzainahotovenfor20minutes.Thenyoucanenjoyit.That’sall.It’snothard.Iamsureifyouhaveatryathome,you’llenjoyit.【詳解】1.題干解讀：該題目屬于說明文寫作。在寫作時注意要承接短文的開頭和結(jié)尾。根據(jù)漢語提示的五個步驟，介紹每一步需要的材料和過程，以及材料的數(shù)量和烘烤的時間等。2.寫作指導(dǎo)：本文應(yīng)該用祈使句為主來介紹內(nèi)容，時態(tài)采用一般現(xiàn)在時。在介紹內(nèi)容時，力求語言簡潔，語法正確，適當使用表示順序的連接詞，保證提示內(nèi)容完整，條理清晰，行文連貫。（四）4．假如明天是你媽媽的生日，你想為媽媽做一份炒飯，請根據(jù)下面所給參考詞匯和要求，寫一篇如何制作炒飯的英語短文。參考詞匯：friedrice,cookedmeat,oil,salt,greenonions,fry,add,slowly,lightly要求：（1）語言表達準確，句意通順，意思連貫，可適當發(fā)揮；（2）文中不得出現(xiàn)真實的校名和姓名；（3）70詞左右。開頭已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。Tomorrowismymother’sbirthday.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】思路導(dǎo)圖HowtomakefriedriceBeginningTomorrowismymother'sbirthday...StepsFirst,cutsomecookedmeat...Next,Ineedtoput...Afterthat,Ineedtoadd...Finally,addsome...EndingNowthefriedriceisready.例文Tomorrowismymother’sbirthday.Iwanttomakefriedriceforherandexpressmylove.IamsureIcancookitverywell.Nowletmeshowyouthestepsofcooking.First,cutsomecookedmeat.Next,Ineedtoputsomeoilinthepan.Thenyoucanfrythemeatlightly.Afterthat,Ineedtoaddthericeslowly.Fryitforafewminutes.Finally,addsomesaltandgreenonions.Nowthefriedriceisready.【詳解】題干解讀：題目要求結(jié)合參考詞，寫一篇短文介紹如何制作炒飯，可適當發(fā)揮。寫作指導(dǎo)：寫作時以第一人稱為主；時態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時；可采用三段式，首先介紹原因，其次介紹制作炒飯的過程，最后總結(jié)成果。注意語意連貫，無任何語法和拼寫錯誤。（五）書面表達。假設(shè)你是李平，你的筆友Hector得知你會做爆米花（popcorn）,他也想親自制作一次，但他不會。他給你發(fā)來一封電子郵件，向你請教做法。請你給他回一封電子郵件，簡單介紹制作爆米花的過程。要求：1.使用first,next,then,finally等表示過程的詞；2.60詞左右，電子郵件的開頭和結(jié)尾已經(jīng)給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。DearHector,I’mgladtogetyouremail._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiPing【答案】DearHector,I’mgladtogetyouremail.Yousayyoulikepopcorn.Ialsolikeitverymuch.Ilearnedfrommymotherabouthowtomakepopcorntwoyearsago.Nowletmeshowyouhowtomakeit.First,putthecornintothepopcornmachine.Next,turnonthepopcornmachine.Waitforseveralminutes.Thenpourthepopcornintothebowlandaddonespoonofsugartothepopcorn.Finallyyoucaneatthepopcorn.Yours,LiPing【詳解】1.題干解讀：本題要求回信介紹制作爆米花的過程，屬于書信類寫作。開頭是寒暄I’mgladtogetyouremail；然后引出爆米花的話題，接著介紹制作方法Nowletmeshowyouhowtomakeit。2.例文點評：這篇習作先引出爆米花的話題再介紹做法，屬于“總分式”結(jié)構(gòu)；以一般現(xiàn)在時和祈使句結(jié)構(gòu)為主，用第一和第二人稱敘述；內(nèi)容充實，步驟合理，表達條理，是一篇優(yōu)秀的習作。3.高分亮點：高分短語：begladto,verymuch,learnfrom,howtodo,twoyearsago,putinto,turnon,waitfor,addto.高分句型：1).Yousayyoulikepopcorn.（賓語從句）2).Ilearnedfrommymotherabouthowtomakepopcorntwoyearsago.（“疑問詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)）3).Nowletmeshowyouhowtomakeit.（固定句型）【點睛】書面表達題既不是漢譯英，也不是可任意發(fā)揮的作文。它要求將所規(guī)定的材料內(nèi)容經(jīng)整理后展開思維，考查運用所學英語知識準確表達意思的能力。所以，考生不能遺漏要點，要盡量使用自己熟悉的單詞、短語和句式，盡可能使用高級詞匯