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奧巴馬任期內(nèi)最后一次國情咨文演講(中英雙語)Mr.Speaker,Mr.VicePresident,MembersofCongress,myfellowAmericans:TonightmarkstheeighthyearI'vecomeheretoreportontheStateoftheUnion.Andforthisfinalone,I'mgoingtotrytomakeitshorter.IknowsomeofyouareantsytogetbacktoIowa.議長先生、副總統(tǒng)先生、各位國會(huì)議員和美國同胞們:今晚是我在這里做國情咨文演講的第八個(gè)年頭,也是最后一次。我將盡量簡而言之。我知道你們中有些人急著回愛荷華州(兩黨黨內(nèi)預(yù)選進(jìn)行地)。Ialsounderstandthatbecauseit'sanelectionseason,expectationsforwhatwe'llachievethisyeararelow.Still,Mr.Speaker,Iappreciatetheconstructiveapproachyouandtheotherleaderstookattheendoflastyeartopassabudgetandmaketaxcutspermanentforworkingfamilies.我也理解此時(shí)正當(dāng)大選之季,因此公眾對(duì)我們今年成就的期望并不高。但是,議長先生,您以及其他領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人去年年末通過了建設(shè)性的預(yù)算決議,使得工薪家庭減稅計(jì)劃能夠長久實(shí)施下去,我對(duì)此深表感激。SoIhopewecanworktogetherthisyearonbipartisanprioritieslikecriminaljusticereform,andhelpingpeoplewhoarebattlingprescriptiondrugabuse.Wejustmightsurprisethecynicsagain.因此我衷心希望今年兩黨能夠在一些重要事務(wù)上同心協(xié)作,比如,推行刑事司法改革,幫助那些與處方藥濫用行為抗?fàn)幍娜藗?。我們很可能?huì)讓質(zhì)疑者們再次大吃一驚。Buttonight,Iwanttogoeasyonthetraditionallistofproposalsfortheyearahead.Don'tworry,I'vegotplenty,fromhelpingstudentslearntowritecomputercodetopersonalizingmedicaltreatmentsforpatients.AndI'llkeeppushingforprogressontheworkthatstillneedsdoing.但在今晚,我打算少談些像往年那樣的發(fā)展計(jì)劃。別擔(dān)心,我還是有很多計(jì)劃要談,比如,幫助學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)編寫計(jì)算機(jī)代碼,以及對(duì)病人實(shí)施個(gè)性化的治療方案。我將繼續(xù)推動(dòng)這些未竟事業(yè)的進(jìn)步。Fixingabrokenimmigrationsystem.Protectingourkidsfromgunviolence.Equalpayforequalwork,paidleave,raisingtheminimumwage.Allthesethingsstillmattertohardworkingfamilies;theyarestilltherightthingtodo;andIwillnotletupuntiltheygetdone.完善有漏洞的移民體系。保護(hù)我們的孩子們免遭槍械暴力。繼續(xù)推行同工同酬及帶薪休假制度,并提高最低工資水平。所有這一切對(duì)于那些努力工作的家庭來說依然至關(guān)重要;這些仍是我們要做的正確的事情。我絕不會(huì)放松這些工作,直至他們完成為止。Butformyfinaladdresstothischamber,Idon'twanttotalkjustaboutthenextyear.Iwanttofocusonthenextfiveyears,tenyears,andbeyond.Iwanttofocusonourfuture.但這是我最后一次在此發(fā)表講話,我不想只談?wù)搧砟甑氖乱恕N蚁腙P(guān)注今后的五年、十年,甚至更久遠(yuǎn)的事情。我更關(guān)注我們的未來。Weliveinatimeofextraordinarychange–changethat'sreshapingthewaywelive,thewaywework,ourplanetandourplaceintheworld.It'schangethatpromisesamazingmedicalbreakthroughs,butalsoeconomicdisruptionsthatstrainworkingfamilies.我們生活在一個(gè)充滿巨變的時(shí)代,這場巨變改變了我們的生活、工作方式,改變了我們的星球和我們在世界上的地位。這種巨變預(yù)示著醫(yī)學(xué)將出現(xiàn)重大突破,也會(huì)帶來困擾著工薪家庭的經(jīng)濟(jì)動(dòng)蕩。Itpromiseseducationforgirlsinthemostremotevillages,butalsoconnectsterroristsplottinganoceanaway.It'schangethatcanbroadenopportunity,orwideninequality.Andwhetherwelikeitornot,thepaceofthischangewillonlyaccelerate.它為生活在邊遠(yuǎn)山區(qū)的女孩們帶去教育的希望,卻也使遠(yuǎn)距重洋的恐怖分子得以串通一氣策劃陰謀。這場巨變能夠帶來機(jī)遇,也會(huì)擴(kuò)大不公。無論我們喜歡與否,這場巨變的進(jìn)度只會(huì)越來越快。Americahasbeenthroughbigchangesbefore–warsanddepression,theinfluxofimmigrants,workersfightingforafairdeal,andmovementstoexpandcivilrights.Eachtime,therehavebeenthosewhotoldustofearthefuture;whoclaimedwecouldslamthebrakesonchange,promisingtorestorepastgloryifwejustgotsomegrouporideathatwasthreateningAmericaundercontrol.美國曾經(jīng)歷過種種巨變——戰(zhàn)爭,蕭條,移民涌入,工人運(yùn)動(dòng),以及民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)。每一次,總有人告訴我們要畏懼未來。每當(dāng)美國受到某些組織或者言論威脅,將要失控,這些人就告訴我們要停止變革,并承諾恢復(fù)往日的輝煌。Andeachtime,weovercamethosefears.Wedidnot,inthewordsofLincoln,adheretothe"dogmasofthequietpast."Insteadwethoughtanew,andactedanew.Wemadechangeworkforus,alwaysextendingAmerica'spromiseoutward,tothenextfrontier,tomoreandmorepeople.Andbecausewedid–becausewesawopportunitywhereotherssawonlyperil–weemergedstrongerandbetterthanbefore.但每一次,我們都能夠克服恐懼。用林肯的話來說,我們并未遵循“平靜的過去時(shí)代的信條”。相反地,我們能夠用新的思維思考,以新的方式行事。我們巧妙地利用變化,始終將美國的潛力擴(kuò)展至更廣闊的前沿,惠及更多的民眾。正緣于此——因?yàn)樗搜壑械娘L(fēng)險(xiǎn)在我們看來是機(jī)遇——我們變得比以前更強(qiáng)更好。Whatwastruethencanbetruenow.Ouruniquestrengthsasanation–ouroptimismandworkethic,ourspiritofdiscoveryandinnovation,ourdiversityandcommitmenttotheruleoflaw–thesethingsgiveuseverythingweneedtoensureprosperityandsecurityforgenerationstocome.過去的真理,現(xiàn)在亦未曾改變。我們的樂觀主義與職業(yè)道德,我們的發(fā)現(xiàn)與創(chuàng)新精神,我們種族多樣化和法治信條,這些都是我們作為一個(gè)國家所擁有的獨(dú)一無二的優(yōu)點(diǎn),使我們具備了世代繁榮昌盛、國泰民安的一切條件。Infact,it'sthatspiritthatmadetheprogressofthesepastsevenyearspossible.It'showwerecoveredfromtheworsteconomiccrisisingenerations.It'showwereformedourhealthcaresystem,andreinventedourenergysector;howwedeliveredmorecareandbenefitstoourtroopsandveterans,andhowwesecuredthefreedomineverystatetomarrythepersonwelove.事實(shí)上,正因有了這種精神力量,我們過去七年才可能取得進(jìn)步。它使我們得以從幾代以來最嚴(yán)重的經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)中恢復(fù);是我們改革醫(yī)療體系、改造能源部門的動(dòng)力;保證了我們給予軍人和老兵更多關(guān)心和福利。也正因?yàn)榇?,我們能夠讓每個(gè)州的人都獲得了與所愛的人結(jié)婚的自由。Butsuchprogressisnotinevitable.Itistheresultofchoiceswemaketogether.Andwefacesuchchoicesrightnow.Willwerespondtothechangesofourtimewithfear,turninginwardasanation,andturningagainsteachotherasapeople?Orwillwefacethefuturewithconfidenceinwhoweare,whatwestandfor,andtheincrediblethingswecandotogether?但是,這些進(jìn)步并不是注定會(huì)發(fā)生的,而是我們共同選擇的結(jié)果。我們當(dāng)下正面臨著這樣的選擇。面對(duì)時(shí)代的變化,我們是將以恐懼對(duì)之,閉門造車,各自為戰(zhàn)?還是自我肯定,堅(jiān)持立場,相信我們能共創(chuàng)奇跡?Solet'stalkaboutthefuture,andfourbigquestionsthatweasacountryhavetoanswer–regardlessofwhothenextPresidentis,orwhocontrolsthenextCongress.First,howdowegiveeveryoneafairshotatopportunityandsecurityinthisneweconomy?讓我們先來談?wù)勎磥?,以及美國需要回答的四個(gè)大問題——無論下一屆美國總統(tǒng)是誰,無論哪個(gè)黨派掌控國會(huì)。首先,我們?nèi)绾卧谛陆?jīng)濟(jì)中給每個(gè)人公平的機(jī)會(huì)和保障?Second,howdowemaketechnologyworkforus,andnotagainstus–especiallywhenitcomestosolvingurgentchallengeslikeclimatechange?Third,howdowekeepAmericasafeandleadtheworldwithoutbecomingitspoliceman?Andfinally,howcanwemakeourpoliticsreflectwhat'sbestinus,andnotwhat'sworst?第二,我們?nèi)绾巫尲夹g(shù)為我們服務(wù),而不是與我們對(duì)抗——尤其是面臨氣候變化這樣急需應(yīng)對(duì)的挑戰(zhàn)的時(shí)候?第三,我們?nèi)绾伪U厦绹陌踩?,同時(shí),在不充當(dāng)世界警察的前提下,引領(lǐng)整個(gè)世界?最后,我們?nèi)绾沃贫ㄕ?,使其反映出美國的好,而不是美國的惡?Letmestartwiththeeconomy,andabasicfact:theUnitedStatesofAmerica,rightnow,hasthestrongest,mostdurableeconomyintheworld.We'reinthemiddleofthelongeststreakofprivate-sectorjobcreationinhistory.我先說說經(jīng)濟(jì),基本的事實(shí)是這樣的:現(xiàn)在,在全球范圍內(nèi),美國經(jīng)濟(jì)是最為強(qiáng)大且堅(jiān)固的。縱觀歷史,我們現(xiàn)在處于私營部門連續(xù)創(chuàng)造就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)最長的一段時(shí)期中。Morethan14millionnewjobs;thestrongesttwoyearsofjobgrowthsincethe'90s;anunemploymentratecutinhalf.Ourautoindustryjusthaditsbestyearever.Manufacturinghascreatednearly900,000newjobsinthepastsixyears.Andwe'vedoneallthiswhilecuttingourdeficitsbyalmostthree-quarters.我們創(chuàng)造了逾1400萬個(gè)新的就業(yè)崗位;這是自20世紀(jì)90年代以來就業(yè)增長最為強(qiáng)勁的兩年;失業(yè)率下降了一半。汽車行業(yè)也創(chuàng)造了最輝煌的一年。在過去的六年里,制造業(yè)創(chuàng)造了將近90萬個(gè)新的就業(yè)崗位。而且,我們在取得這些成績的同時(shí),還將赤字減少了近四分之三。AnyoneclaimingthatAmerica'seconomyisindeclineispeddlingfiction.Whatistrue–andthereasonthatalotofAmericansfeelanxious–isthattheeconomyhasbeenchanginginprofoundways,changesthatstartedlongbeforetheGreatRecessionhitandhaven'tletup.任何聲稱美國經(jīng)濟(jì)正在衰落的說法都是在傳播虛構(gòu)事實(shí)。實(shí)際情況——同時(shí)也是許多美國人感到焦慮的原因——是美國經(jīng)濟(jì)正在經(jīng)歷巨大變革,而且這變革早在大蕭條發(fā)生之前就已經(jīng)開始,到現(xiàn)在還沒有結(jié)束。Today,technologydoesn'tjustreplacejobsontheassemblyline,butanyjobwhereworkcanbeautomated.Companiesinaglobaleconomycanlocateanywhere,andfacetoughercompetition.Asaresult,workershavelessleverageforaraise.Companieshavelessloyaltytotheircommunities.Andmoreandmorewealthandincomeisconcentratedattheverytop.今天,能夠被高科技取代的工作崗位并不僅限于生產(chǎn)線,還包括任何可以實(shí)現(xiàn)自動(dòng)化的崗位。在經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化中,公司可以落戶于世界任何地方,也會(huì)面臨更加激烈的競爭。其結(jié)果是,雇員要求加薪的籌碼變少。公司對(duì)其所在群體的忠誠度更低。同時(shí),越來越多的財(cái)富和收入積聚到社會(huì)頂層階級(jí)手中。Allthesetrendshavesqueezedworkers,evenwhentheyhavejobs;evenwhentheeconomyisgrowing.It'smadeitharderforahardworkingfamilytopullitselfoutofpoverty,harderforyoungpeopletostartontheircareers,andtougherforworkerstoretirewhentheywantto.這些變化趨勢擠壓了雇員的生存空間,即使他們擁有工作,即使美國經(jīng)濟(jì)一直在增長。工薪家庭想要通過努力工作,擺脫貧困,年輕人想要開創(chuàng)自己的事業(yè),雇員想要適時(shí)退休,都已經(jīng)不太容易。AndalthoughnoneofthesetrendsareuniquetoAmerica,theydooffendouruniquelyAmericanbeliefthateverybodywhoworkshardshouldgetafairshot.雖然面臨這些變革的不只有美國,但是這些的確違背了獨(dú)有的美國式信念,那就是,任何努力工作的人都應(yīng)當(dāng)?shù)玫焦酱?。Forthepastsevenyears,ourgoalhasbeenagrowingeconomythatworksbetterforeverybody.We'vemadeprogress.Butweneedtomakemore.Anddespiteallthepoliticalargumentswe'vehadthesepastfewyears,therearesomeareaswhereAmericansbroadlyagree.在過去的七年中,我們的目標(biāo)一直都是,保持經(jīng)濟(jì)增長,以造福每一個(gè)人。我們已經(jīng)取得了一些進(jìn)步。但是,我們需要繼續(xù)努力。盡管在過去的一些年中,我們有過許多政治上的爭論,但是在一些領(lǐng)域,我們?nèi)〉昧似毡榈墓沧R(shí)。WeagreethatrealopportunityrequireseveryAmericantogettheeducationandtrainingtheyneedtolandagood-payingjob.ThebipartisanreformofNoChildLeftBehindwasanimportantstart,andtogether,we'veincreasedearlychildhoodeducation,liftedhighschoolgraduationratestonewhighs,andboostedgraduatesinfieldslikeengineering.我們一致認(rèn)為,真正的機(jī)會(huì)在于每一個(gè)美國人都能獲得能夠必要的教育及培訓(xùn),讓他們能夠勝任一份收入理想的工作?!安蛔屢粋€(gè)孩子掉隊(duì)”的兩黨改革政策,就是一個(gè)重要的開端,同時(shí),我們加強(qiáng)了兒童早期教育,進(jìn)一步提高了高中畢業(yè)率,使工程學(xué)等專業(yè)畢業(yè)生得以增長。Inthecomingyears,weshouldbuildonthatprogress,byprovidingPre-Kforall,offeringeverystudentthehands-oncomputerscienceandmathclassesthatmakethemjob-readyondayone,andweshouldrecruitandsupportmoregreatteachersforourkids.未來,我們要以這些成績?yōu)榛A(chǔ),通過普及全民早教,讓所有學(xué)生都接受計(jì)算機(jī)實(shí)踐和數(shù)學(xué)課程培訓(xùn),為他們將來步入職場做好準(zhǔn)備。同時(shí),我們要為孩子們招錄更多優(yōu)秀的教師,并給予這些教師更好的待遇。AndwehavetomakecollegeaffordableforeveryAmerican.Becausenohardworkingstudentshouldbestuckinthered.We'vealreadyreducedstudentloanpaymentstotenpercentofaborrower'sincome.同時(shí),我們要讓每個(gè)美國人都能上得起大學(xué)。因?yàn)?,勤奮的學(xué)生不應(yīng)該因?yàn)樨毨П粨踉谛iT之外。我們已經(jīng)將助學(xué)貸款的還款額降至借款人收入的10%。Now,we'veactuallygottocutthecostofcollege.Providingtwoyearsofcommunitycollegeatnocostforeveryresponsiblestudentisoneofthebestwaystodothat,andI'mgoingtokeepfightingtogetthatstartedthisyear.接下來,我們需要降低大學(xué)費(fèi)用。兩年制的社區(qū)大學(xué)將為每一位有責(zé)任感的學(xué)生提供免費(fèi)教育,這是降低大學(xué)費(fèi)用最理想的方式之一。我會(huì)不斷努力讓這個(gè)方案在今年啟動(dòng)。Ofcourse,agreateducationisn'tallweneedinthisneweconomy.Wealsoneedbenefitsandprotectionsthatprovideabasicmeasureofsecurity.Afterall,it'snotmuchofastretchtosaythatsomeoftheonlypeopleinAmericawhoaregoingtoworkthesamejob,inthesameplace,withahealthandretirementpackage,for30years,aresittinginthischamber.當(dāng)然,在新經(jīng)濟(jì)中,我們所需要的不僅僅是優(yōu)質(zhì)的教育。我們還需要能夠提供基本生活保障的福利和保護(hù)措施。如果說在座的各位,是美國為數(shù)不多的能夠在同一個(gè)地方從事同一份工作30年,還能獲得健康和養(yǎng)老保障的人,也不算夸張。Foreveryoneelse,especiallyfolksintheirfortiesandfifties,savingforretirementorbouncingbackfromjoblosshasgottenalottougher.Americansunderstandthatatsomepointintheircareers,theymayhavetoretoolandretrain.Buttheyshouldn'tlosewhatthey'vealreadyworkedsohardtobuild.而對(duì)于其他人,特別是四五十歲的美國人來說,為退休后的生存點(diǎn)錢或是在失業(yè)后重振旗鼓,已經(jīng)越來越困難。大家都認(rèn)識(shí)到,在他們職業(yè)生涯的某個(gè)時(shí)刻,他們不得不重新接受培訓(xùn),重新學(xué)習(xí)技能。但是,他們不應(yīng)當(dāng)失去他們這么多年辛勤工作所獲得的東西。That'swhySocialSecurityandMedicarearemoreimportantthanever;weshouldn'tweakenthem,weshouldstrengthenthem.AndforAmericansshortofretirement,basicbenefitsshouldbejustasmobileaseverythingelseistoday.That'swhattheAffordableCareActisallabout.這也是社會(huì)保障及醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)制度在今天尤為重要的原因;它們不該被弱化,而應(yīng)進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)。對(duì)于退休年齡較晚的美國人,基本福利應(yīng)與當(dāng)今的其他事物一樣盡可能移動(dòng)化。這就是《平價(jià)醫(yī)療法案》的意義所在。It'saboutfillingthegapsinemployer-basedcaresothatwhenweloseajob,orgobacktoschool,orstartthatnewbusiness,we'llstillhavecoverage.Nearlyeighteenmillionhavegainedcoveragesofar.Healthcareinflationhasslowed.Andourbusinesseshavecreatedjobseverysinglemonthsinceitbecamelaw.這個(gè)法案旨在填補(bǔ)基于雇主的醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)系統(tǒng)的空缺,我們失業(yè)、返校求學(xué)或創(chuàng)業(yè)時(shí),依然能享受醫(yī)療保障。目前為止,已有近1800萬人受益。醫(yī)療費(fèi)用通脹也有所緩解。自法案實(shí)施起,我們的企業(yè)每個(gè)月都能創(chuàng)造新的工作崗位。Now,I'mguessingwewon'tagreeonhealthcareanytimesoon.Butthereshouldbeotherwaysbothpartiescanimproveeconomicsecurity.SayahardworkingAmericanloseshisjob–weshouldn'tjustmakesurehecangetunemploymentinsurance;weshouldmakesurethatprogramencourageshimtoretrainforabusinessthat'sreadytohirehim.我想我們在短期內(nèi)還無法就醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)制度達(dá)成共識(shí)。但兩黨可以在改進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)保障制度的問題上采取一些新的措施。假設(shè)一位辛勤工作的美國人丟了工作,我們不該僅僅確保他能獲得失業(yè)保險(xiǎn),而應(yīng)確保這個(gè)制度能夠支持他接受再培訓(xùn)以勝任新的工作。Ifthatnewjobdoesn'tpayasmuch,thereshouldbeasystemofwageinsuranceinplacesothathecanstillpayhisbills.Andevenifhe'sgoingfromjobtojob,heshouldstillbeabletosaveforretirementandtakehissavingswithhim.That'sthewaywemaketheneweconomyworkbetterforeveryone.如果這份新工作的報(bào)酬不如上一份工作,那么就該有薪酬保障制度保證他能養(yǎng)活自己。即使他一直在換工作,也還能為退休儲(chǔ)蓄并能支配自己的積蓄。這就是我們讓大家更好地受益于新經(jīng)濟(jì)的方式。IalsoknowSpeakerRyanhastalkedabouthisinterestintacklingpoverty.Americaisaboutgivingeverybodywillingtoworkahandup,andI'dwelcomeaseriousdiscussionaboutstrategieswecanallsupport,likeexpandingtaxcutsforlow-incomeworkerswithoutkids.我知道國會(huì)眾議院發(fā)言人保羅?瑞恩提到過他對(duì)解決貧困問題的看法。美國是一個(gè)會(huì)給每個(gè)愿意工作的人機(jī)會(huì)的國家,我歡迎大家提出可行性戰(zhàn)略,如為無子女低收入人群減稅的方案。Butthereareotherareaswhereit'sbeenmoredifficulttofindagreementoverthelastsevenyears–namelywhatrolethegovernmentshouldplayinmakingsurethesystem'snotriggedinfavorofthewealthiestandbiggestcorporations.Andhere,theAmericanpeoplehaveachoicetomake.但在過去七年里還有其他難以達(dá)成一致的領(lǐng)域,比如,政府應(yīng)該扮演怎樣的角色,才能保證制度不向最富有的財(cái)團(tuán)和大公司傾斜。在此,美國人民需要做出選擇。Ibelieveathrivingprivatesectoristhelifebloodofoureconomy.Ithinkthereareoutdatedregulationsthatneedtobechanged,andthere'sredtapethatneedstobecut.蓬勃發(fā)展的私營經(jīng)濟(jì)是我們國家經(jīng)濟(jì)的命脈。我認(rèn)為,其有些過時(shí)的規(guī)則需要改變,有些繁文縟節(jié)需要摒棄。Butafteryearsofrecordcorporateprofits,workingfamilieswon'tgetmoreopportunityorbiggerpaychecksbylettingbigbanksorbigoilorhedgefundsmaketheirownrulesattheexpenseofeveryoneelse;orbyallowingattacksoncollectivebargainingtogounanswered.FoodStamprecipientsdidn'tcausethefinancialcrisis;recklessnessonWallStreetdid.在企業(yè)連續(xù)多年利潤破紀(jì)錄之后,如果讓大銀行、石油巨頭或?qū)_基金制定只對(duì)自己有利的規(guī)則,或者允許對(duì)集體談判的攻擊置之不理,工薪階層就無法獲得更多機(jī)會(huì)和更多薪水。引發(fā)經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)的不是那些領(lǐng)食物券的人,而是華爾街那些行事魯莽的人。Immigrantsaren'tthereasonwageshaven'tgoneupenough;thosedecisionsaremadeintheboardroomsthattoooftenputquarterlyearningsoverlong-termreturns.It'ssurenottheaveragefamilywatchingtonightthatavoidspayingtaxesthroughoffshoreaccounts.移民人口不是阻礙薪酬上漲的原因;那些決議是由董事會(huì)的人提出的,他們經(jīng)常將季度分紅看得比長期回報(bào)還重??梢钥隙ǖ氖?,正在看我演講的普通家庭不會(huì)通過離岸賬戶避稅。Inthisneweconomy,workersandstart-upsandsmallbusinessesneedmoreofavoice,notless.Therulesshouldworkforthem.AndthisyearIplantoliftupthemanybusinesseswho'vefiguredoutthatdoingrightbytheirworkersendsupbeinggoodfortheirshareholders,theircustomers,andtheircommunities,sothatwecanspreadthosebestpracticesacrossAmerica.在新經(jīng)濟(jì)的形勢下,工人、新興企業(yè)和小型企業(yè)需要更多發(fā)言權(quán)。規(guī)則應(yīng)該使他們受益。今年,我計(jì)劃激勵(lì)那些善待工人的企業(yè),這些企業(yè)明白只有善待工人才能讓股東、顧客和所在群體最終受益,這樣我們才能在全美推行這種良策。Infact,manyofourbestcorporatecitizensarealsoourmostcreative.Thisbringsmetothesecondbigquestionwehavetoanswerasacountry:howdowereignitethatspiritofinnovationtomeetourbiggestchallenges?事實(shí)上,我們有許多優(yōu)秀的企業(yè)公民都是極富創(chuàng)造力的。這也是美國要回答的第二個(gè)大問題:如何重燃創(chuàng)新精神,迎接重大挑戰(zhàn)?Sixtyyearsago,whentheRussiansbeatusintospace,wedidn'tdenySputnikwasupthere.Wedidn'targueaboutthescience,orshrinkourresearchanddevelopmentbudget.Webuiltaspaceprogramalmostovernight,andtwelveyearslater,wewerewalkingonthemoon.六十年前,俄羅斯人發(fā)射人造衛(wèi)星,在太空領(lǐng)域領(lǐng)先于我們,這點(diǎn)我們并未否認(rèn)。我們沒有就科學(xué)水平進(jìn)行爭論,或縮減我們的研發(fā)預(yù)算。我們在很短的時(shí)間內(nèi)制定了太空計(jì)劃,十二年后,我們已經(jīng)能在月球上行走。ThatspiritofdiscoveryisinourDNA.We'reThomasEdisonandtheWrightBrothersandGeorgeWashingtonCarver.We'reGraceHopperandKatherineJohnsonandSallyRide.We'reeveryimmigrantandentrepreneurfromBostontoAustintoSiliconValleyracingtoshapeabetterworld.Andoverthepastsevenyears,we'venurturedthatspirit.探索精神存在于我們的基因里。我們是托馬斯?愛迪生、懷特兄弟、喬治?華盛頓?卡弗。我們是葛麗絲?霍普、凱瑟琳?約翰遜、莎莉?萊德。我們是從波士頓到奧斯丁再到硅谷的移民和企業(yè)家,我們力求建設(shè)更美好的世界。過去七年里,我們一直在培養(yǎng)這種精神。We'veprotectedanopeninternet,andtakenboldnewstepstogetmorestudentsandlow-incomeAmericansonline.We'velaunchednext-generationmanufacturinghubs,andonlinetoolsthatgiveanentrepreneureverythingheorsheneedstostartabusinessinasingleday.我們保護(hù)了開放的互聯(lián)網(wǎng),我們邁出了大膽的一大步,讓更多學(xué)生和低收入者加入互聯(lián)網(wǎng)這個(gè)大家庭。我們已經(jīng)開始建設(shè)新一代制造業(yè)中心,我們的網(wǎng)絡(luò)工具讓企業(yè)家在一天內(nèi)就能獲得創(chuàng)立一個(gè)企業(yè)所需的一切。Butwecandosomuchmore.Lastyear,VicePresidentBidensaidthatwithanewmoonshot,Americacancurecancer.Lastmonth,heworkedwiththisCongresstogivescientistsattheNationalInstitutesofHealththestrongestresourcesthey'vehadinoveradecade.但是,我們能做的還不止這些。去年,副總統(tǒng)拜登曾說,要把治愈癌癥作為一項(xiàng)新的登月計(jì)劃去實(shí)現(xiàn)。上個(gè)月,他與國會(huì)通力合作,為國立衛(wèi)生研究院的科學(xué)家們提供了大量資源,這是10多年來科學(xué)家們獲得的最強(qiáng)有力的資源支持。Tonight,I'mannouncinganewnationalefforttogetitdone.Andbecausehe'sgonetothematforallofus,onsomanyissuesoverthepastfortyyears,I'mputtingJoeinchargeofMissionControl.Forthelovedoneswe'vealllost,forthefamilywecanstillsave,let'smakeAmericathecountrythatcurescanceronceandforall.今晚我宣布,我們將舉全國之力促成這項(xiàng)新計(jì)劃。在過去的40年里,喬為我們在眾多問題上竭盡心力,因此,我任命他主管這一抗癌計(jì)劃。為了我們已逝去的親人,為了我們還能拯救的家庭,我們應(yīng)該攜手,讓美國成為一個(gè)徹底攻克癌癥的國家。Medicalresearchiscritical.Weneedthesamelevelofcommitmentwhenitcomestodevelopingcleanenergysources.Look,ifanybodystillwantstodisputethesciencearoundclimatechange,haveatit.醫(yī)學(xué)研究是重中之重。在發(fā)展清潔能源的問題上,我們同樣需要全力以赴。如果你還要質(zhì)疑我們針對(duì)氣候變化進(jìn)行的科學(xué)研究,你可以試試。You'llbeprettylonely,becauseyou'llbedebatingourmilitary,mostofAmerica'sbusinessleaders,themajorityoftheAmericanpeople,almosttheentirescientificcommunity,and200nationsaroundtheworldwhoagreeit'saproblemandintendtosolveit.你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己孤立無援,因?yàn)檎驹谀銓?duì)面的是我們的軍方、絕大多數(shù)美國商業(yè)領(lǐng)袖、大多數(shù)美國民眾、幾乎整個(gè)科學(xué)界,以及全世界200個(gè)國家,這些國家都意識(shí)到了問題的嚴(yán)重性,想要著手解決它。Buteveniftheplanetwasn'tatstake;evenif2014wasn'tthewarmestyearonrecord–until2015turnedoutevenhotter–whywouldwewanttopassupthechanceforAmericanbusinessestoproduceandselltheenergyofthefuture?就算我們的星球還沒到岌岌可危的地步,2014年也并非史上最熱的一年(因?yàn)?015年更熱),我們?yōu)槭裁匆艞壸屆绹髽I(yè)生產(chǎn)并銷售未來能源的大好機(jī)會(huì)呢?Sevenyearsago,wemadethesinglebiggestinvestmentincleanenergyinourhistory.Herearetheresults.InfieldsfromIowatoTexas,windpowerisnowcheaperthandirtier,conventionalpower.OnrooftopsfromArizonatoNewYork,solarissavingAmericanstensofmillionsofdollarsayearontheirenergybills,andemploysmoreAmericansthancoal–injobsthatpaybetterthanaverage.七年前,我們在清潔能源領(lǐng)域進(jìn)行了美國歷史上最大規(guī)模的一次投資。成果如下:從愛荷華州到德克薩斯州,如今風(fēng)能比污染環(huán)境的傳統(tǒng)能源價(jià)格還要低廉。從亞利桑那州到紐約州,每年太陽能為美國民眾減少了上千萬美元的能源支出,同時(shí)創(chuàng)造了多于煤炭行業(yè)的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì),并且這些就業(yè)的收入高于平均水平。We'retakingstepstogivehomeownersthefreedomtogenerateandstoretheirownenergy–somethingenvironmentalistsandTeaPartiershaveteameduptosupport.Meanwhile,we'vecutourimportsofforeignoilbynearlysixtypercent,andcutcarbonpollutionmorethananyothercountryonEarth.我們正在逐步采取措施,讓每家每戶都可以生產(chǎn)并儲(chǔ)存自己的能源——環(huán)保主義者和茶黨人士正為此事通力合作,為家庭自產(chǎn)能源提供支持。同時(shí),我們的石油進(jìn)口量下降了近60%,減少的碳排放量居全球第一。Gasundertwobucksagallonain'tbad,either.Nowwe'vegottoacceleratethetransitionawayfromdirtyenergy.Ratherthansubsidizethepast,weshouldinvestinthefuture–especiallyincommunitiesthatrelyonfossilfuels.2美元1加侖的油價(jià)也不算貴?,F(xiàn)在我們不得不加速實(shí)現(xiàn)從污染能源向清潔能源的過渡。我們不應(yīng)該補(bǔ)貼過去,而是應(yīng)該投資未來——尤其是在依賴化石燃料的社區(qū)。That'swhyI'mgoingtopushtochangethewaywemanageouroilandcoalresources,sothattheybetterreflectthecoststheyimposeontaxpayersandourplanet.Thatway,weputmoneybackintothosecommunitiesandputtensofthousandsofAmericanstoworkbuildinga21stcenturytransportationsystem.這就是我為什么要敦促改變石油和煤炭資源管理方式的原因,只有這樣才能更好地反映納稅人為此支付的稅款以及地球?yàn)榇烁冻龅拇鷥r(jià)。通過這種方式,我們把錢重新投入到這些社區(qū),讓成千上萬的美國人一起構(gòu)建21世紀(jì)的交通運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng)。Noneofthiswillhappenovernight,andyes,thereareplentyofentrenchedinterestswhowanttoprotectthestatusquo.Butthejobswe'llcreate,themoneywe'llsave,andtheplanetwe'llpreserve–that'sthekindoffutureourkidsandgrandkidsdeserve.所有這一切都不是一蹴而就的。誠然,還有許多既得利益者想要維持現(xiàn)狀。但是,改變現(xiàn)狀能讓我們創(chuàng)造新的就業(yè),節(jié)省更多資金,我們的星球也得到了保護(hù)——這種未來才是我們應(yīng)該留給后代子孫的。Climatechangeisjustoneofmanyissueswhereoursecurityislinkedtotherestoftheworld.Andthat'swhythethirdbigquestionwehavetoanswerishowtokeepAmericasafeandstrongwithouteitherisolatingourselvesortryingtonation-buildeverywherethere'saproblem.在眾多問題上,我們的安全與世界緊密相關(guān),氣候變化只是其一。因此,我們需要回答的第三個(gè)大問題是:怎樣在不被孤立、不充當(dāng)世界警察的情況下,保持美國的安全和強(qiáng)大?ItoldyouearlierallthetalkofAmerica'seconomicdeclineispoliticalhotair.Well,soisalltherhetoricyouhearaboutourenemiesgettingstrongerandAmericagettingweaker.TheUnitedStatesofAmericaisthemostpowerfulnationonEarth.Period.It'snotevenclose.Wespendmoreonourmilitarythanthenexteightnationscombined.剛才我說了,所有認(rèn)為美國經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退的言論都是政治性的大話。所有你聽到的關(guān)于美國的敵人越來越強(qiáng)大、而美國卻越發(fā)虛弱的言論,都是逞口舌之能。美利堅(jiān)合眾國是世界上最強(qiáng)大的國家。無需其他任何廢話。而且我們還會(huì)一直強(qiáng)大下去。我們的軍費(fèi)投入比排在我們后面的八個(gè)國家的總和還多。Ourtroopsarethefinestfightingforceinthehistoryoftheworld.Nonationdarestoattackusorouralliesbecausetheyknowthat'sthepathtoruin.SurveysshowourstandingaroundtheworldishigherthanwhenIwaselectedtothisoffice,andwhenitcomestoeveryimportantinternationalissue,peopleoftheworlddonotlooktoBeijingorMoscowtolead–theycallus.我們的部隊(duì)是世界歷史上最精銳的戰(zhàn)斗力量。沒有任何國家敢攻擊美國或者美國的盟國,因?yàn)樗麄冎滥鞘亲匀缤?。有調(diào)查顯示,目前美國的國際地位高于我當(dāng)選總統(tǒng)之初。當(dāng)重大國際問題出現(xiàn)時(shí),世界人民不會(huì)指望中國或俄羅斯來領(lǐng)頭解決,他們會(huì)找我們。Assomeonewhobeginseverydaywithanintelligencebriefing,Iknowthisisadangeroustime.Butthat'snotbecauseofdiminishedAmericanstrengthorsomeloomingsuperpower.Intoday'sworld,we'rethreatenedlessbyevilempiresandmorebyfailingstates.TheMiddleEastisgoingthroughatransformationthatwillplayoutforageneration,rootedinconflictsthatdatebackmillennia.我每天的工作從聽取情報(bào)簡報(bào)開始,因此我知道現(xiàn)在是一個(gè)危險(xiǎn)時(shí)期。但這并不是因?yàn)槊绹α康南魅?,或者某個(gè)超級(jí)大國的崛起。在當(dāng)今世界,與其說邪惡獨(dú)裁國對(duì)我們構(gòu)成威脅,不如說經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退國對(duì)我們的影響更大。中東正在經(jīng)歷一場將持續(xù)二三十年的大變革,其發(fā)生的根源可追溯至一千年前的沖突。EconomicheadwindsblowfromaChineseeconomyintransition.Evenastheireconomycontracts,RussiaispouringresourcestopropupUkraineandSyria–statestheyseeslippingawayfromtheirorbit.AndtheinternationalsystemwebuiltafterWorldWarIIisnowstrugglingtokeeppacewiththisnewreality.中國經(jīng)濟(jì)的轉(zhuǎn)型正在對(duì)我們產(chǎn)生沖擊。盡管面臨自身經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退,俄羅斯依舊投入大量資源到烏克蘭和敘利亞——這兩個(gè)正脫離正常軌道的國家。二戰(zhàn)以后我們建立的國際體系如今難以適應(yīng)新形勢的需要。It'suptoustohelpremakethatsystem.Andthatmeanswehavetosetpriorities.PrioritynumberoneisprotectingtheAmericanpeopleandgoingafterterroristnetworks.我們有責(zé)任重建國際體系。而這意味著,我們必須對(duì)事務(wù)進(jìn)行優(yōu)先排序。美國政府的首要任務(wù)是保護(hù)美國人民,打擊恐怖主義網(wǎng)絡(luò)。BothalQaedaandnowISILposeadirectthreattoourpeople,becauseintoday'sworld,evenahandfulofterroristswhoplacenovalueonhumanlife,includingtheirown,candoalotofdamage.TheyusetheInternettopoisonthemindsofindividualsinsideourcountry;theyundermineourallies.基地組織和“伊斯蘭國”都直接威脅到美國人民的安全——在當(dāng)今世界,哪怕只有一小撮無視他人和自己生命的恐怖分子,也會(huì)造成巨大危害。他們利用網(wǎng)絡(luò)毒害美國境內(nèi)人們的思想;他們破壞我們和盟友的關(guān)系。ButaswefocusondestroyingISIL,over-the-topclaimsthatthisisWorldWarIIIjustplayintotheirhands.Massesoffightersonthebackofpickuptrucksandtwistedsoulsplottinginapartmentsorgaragesposeanenormousdangertociviliansandmustbestopped.Buttheydonotthreatenournationalexistence.但當(dāng)我們集中精力消滅“伊斯蘭國”時(shí),卻有人言過其實(shí)地說這是第三次世界大戰(zhàn)。這種說法正中某些人下懷。許多武裝分子登上皮卡車,靈魂扭曲的人在公寓或車庫里圖謀不軌——這些都對(duì)平民構(gòu)成巨大威脅,必須予以制止。但恐怖分子并沒有威脅到美國的“國家存在”。That'sthestoryISILwantstotell;that'sthekindofpropagandatheyusetorecruit.Wedon'tneedtobuildthemuptoshowthatwe'reserious,nordoweneedtopushawayvitalalliesinthisfightbyechoingtheliethatISILisrepresentativeofoneoftheworld'slargestreligions.這就是“伊斯蘭國”想要透露出來的信息;這是他們招募恐怖分子時(shí)的宣傳伎倆。我們不能先壯大他們?nèi)缓箫@示我們可以來真的;也不能中了“伊斯蘭國代表世界最大宗教之一”的圈套,導(dǎo)致在這場斗爭中重要盟友離我們遠(yuǎn)去。Wejustneedtocallthemwhattheyare–killersandfanaticswhohavetoberootedout,hunteddown,anddestroyed.That'sexactlywhatwearedoing.Formorethanayear,Americahasledacoalitionofmorethan60countriestocutoffISIL'sfinancing,disrupttheirplots,stoptheflowofterroristfighters,andstampouttheirviciousideology.我們要認(rèn)清他們的真面目——他們就是殺手、瘋子,必須予以追蹤、緝捕并摧毀。而這恰恰是我們正在做的事情。過去一年多,美國領(lǐng)導(dǎo)著60多個(gè)國家的聯(lián)盟,切斷“伊斯蘭國”的資金來源,發(fā)掘他們的陰謀詭計(jì),阻止武裝分子的人員流動(dòng),消除他們邪惡意識(shí)形態(tài)的影響。Withnearly10,000airstrikes,wearetakingouttheirleadership,theiroil,theirtrainingcamps,andtheirweapons.Wearetraining,arming,andsupportingforceswhoaresteadilyreclaimingterritoryinIraqandSyria.我們發(fā)動(dòng)了近萬次空襲,除掉他們的恐怖頭目,破壞他們的石油供給,搗毀他們的訓(xùn)練營和武器。我們?yōu)檎谥鸩綂Z回伊拉克和敘利亞領(lǐng)土的武裝力量提供培訓(xùn)、武器裝備和其他支持。IfthisCongressisseriousaboutwinningthiswar,andwantstosendamessagetoourtroopsandtheworld,youshouldfinallyauthorizetheuseofmilitaryforceagainstISIL.Takeavote.ButtheAmericanpeopleshouldknowthatwithorwithoutCongressionalaction,ISILwilllearnthesamelessonsasterroristsbeforethem.如果本屆國會(huì)真的希望贏得這場戰(zhàn)爭,同時(shí)向我們的軍隊(duì)和整個(gè)世界傳達(dá)反恐決心,你們就應(yīng)該授權(quán)軍事力量介入對(duì)抗“伊斯蘭國”??梢酝镀北頉Q。但美國人民應(yīng)當(dāng)知道,無論國會(huì)是否行動(dòng),伊斯蘭國也必將和以往的恐怖分子一樣,得到應(yīng)有的懲罰。IfyoudoubtAmerica'scommitment–ormine–toseethatjusticeisdone,askOsamabinLaden.AsktheleaderofalQaedainYemen,whowastakenoutlastyear,ortheperpetratoroftheBenghaziattacks,whositsinaprisoncell.WhenyoucomeafterAmericans,wegoafteryou.Itmaytaketime,butwehavelongmemories,andourreachhasnolimit.如果你們懷疑美國或是我個(gè)人伸張正義的決心,不妨問問奧薩馬?本?拉登。問問去年被擊斃的也門基地組織頭目,或者已成階下囚的班加西事件主謀。如果你和美國過不去,美國絕不會(huì)放過你。這可能需要一些時(shí)間,但我們的記憶力很好,我們的打擊沒有時(shí)限。OurforeignpolicymustbefocusedonthethreatfromISILandalQaeda,butitcan'tstopthere.ForevenwithoutISIL,instabilitywillcontinuefordecadesinmanypartsoftheworld–intheMiddleEast,inAfghanistanandPakistan,inpartsofCentralAmerica,AfricaandAsia.我們的外交政策焦點(diǎn)是“伊斯蘭國”和基地組織的威脅,但并不僅限于此。因?yàn)榧词箾]有“伊斯蘭國”,未來幾十年里,全球許多地區(qū)(包括中東、阿富汗和巴基斯坦、中美洲部分地區(qū)、非洲和亞洲)仍將動(dòng)蕩不安。Someoftheseplacesmaybecomesafehavensfornewterroristnetworks;otherswillfallvictimtoethnicconflict,orfamine,feedingthenextwaveofrefugees.Theworldwilllooktoustohelpsolvetheseproblems,andouranswerneedstobemorethantoughtalkorcallstocarpetbombcivilians.ThatmayworkasaTVsoundbite,butitdoesn'tpassmusterontheworldstage.它們中的有些地方有可能變成新的恐怖主義溫床;有些則會(huì)深陷民族沖突或大饑荒,滋生新一輪難民潮。世界人民會(huì)指望我們?nèi)ソ鉀Q這些問題,我們的回應(yīng)不能只是嘴上功夫:不斷使用強(qiáng)硬的措辭,做給平民們看。這種回應(yīng)可能在電視新聞上起點(diǎn)作用,但世界人民感受不到切實(shí)的鼓舞。Wealsocan'ttrytotakeoverandrebuildeverycountrythatfallsintocrisis.That'snotleadership;that'sarecipeforquagmire,spillingAmericanbloodandtreasurethatultimatelyweakensus.It'sthelessonofVietnam,ofIraq–andweshouldhavelearneditbynow.我們也不能接管和重建每個(gè)陷入危機(jī)的國家。那不是領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力,那樣只會(huì)將我們拖入泥潭,白白浪費(fèi)美國人民的熱血和財(cái)富,最終削弱我們自己。這是越戰(zhàn)和伊戰(zhàn)給我們的教訓(xùn)——我們早該銘記在心。Fortunately,there'sasmarterapproach,apatientanddisciplinedstrategythatuseseveryelementofournationalpower.ItsaysAmericawillalwaysact,aloneifnecessary,toprotectourpeopleandourallies;butonissuesofglobalconcern,wewillmobilizetheworldtoworkwithus,andmakesureothercountriespulltheirownweight.幸運(yùn)的是,我們有更明智的辦法。這是一個(gè)耐心、克制的策略,能充分發(fā)揮國家的每一分力量。這個(gè)策略就是:美國一定會(huì)采取行動(dòng)——必要時(shí)單獨(dú)行動(dòng)——以保護(hù)我們的人民和盟友;但在全球共同關(guān)注的問題上,我們會(huì)動(dòng)員全世界與我們一起行動(dòng),確保其他國家也盡到自己的職責(zé)。That'sourapproachtoconflictslikeSyria,wherewe'repartneringwithlocalforcesandleadinginternationaleffortstohelptha

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