句型(簡(jiǎn)單句+復(fù)雜句)

TOC\o"1-3"\h\u句法 2簡(jiǎn)單句simplesentence 2英語(yǔ)六種基本句型： 21：S+V 22：S+V+P 23：S+V+DO 24：S+V+IO+DO 25：S+V+DO+OC 36:Therebe 3復(fù)雜句complexsentence 3并列復(fù)雜句 4從屬?gòu)?fù)雜句 4名詞性從句 4主語(yǔ)從句 4賓語(yǔ)從句 5表語(yǔ)從句 6同位語(yǔ)從句 6形容詞性從句 7定語(yǔ)從句 7限定性定語(yǔ)從句 7非限定性定語(yǔ)從句 7副詞性從句 9狀語(yǔ)從句 9時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句(時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)） 9條件狀語(yǔ)從句（用if/unless引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句） 9地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句(where) 9原因狀語(yǔ)從句(because,since,as) 10讓步狀語(yǔ)從句（though,although,eventhough,nomatterwhat） 10比較狀語(yǔ)從句（than,as...as） 10目的狀語(yǔ)從句（that,sothat,inorderthat,lest,forfearthat,incase） 10句法句型分類簡(jiǎn)單句simplesentence-只有一個(gè)主語(yǔ)和一個(gè)謂語(yǔ)（Ileft.）英語(yǔ)六種基本句型：1：S+V（主語(yǔ)subject+謂語(yǔ)predicate）2：S+V+P(主語(yǔ)subject+系動(dòng)詞linkverb+表語(yǔ)predicative)3：S+V+DO(主語(yǔ)subject+謂語(yǔ)predicate+賓語(yǔ)object)4：S+V+IO+DO(主語(yǔ)subject+謂語(yǔ)predicate+間接賓語(yǔ)indirecto+直接賓語(yǔ)directo）Idon’tthinkitworthwhiletakingsomuchtroubletodothis.S+V+it+when/ifLove,like,enjoy,hate,appreciate表語(yǔ)從句-表語(yǔ)從句是一個(gè)句子作為表語(yǔ)成分，說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)。Eg.Theproblemiswhenhecanfinishit.OneinterestingcorrelationMantonuncoveredisthatbetter-educatedpeoplearelikelytolivelonger.Theconventionalpictureisthattensofthousandsofslavesdraggedstonesonsledges.同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)-在句子中前后兩詞（組，句）所指意思相同，句法功能相同，這種結(jié)構(gòu)叫同位結(jié)構(gòu)，前面是同位詞，后面是同位語(yǔ)。MyboyfriendHooverworksinhere.Webotharelecturer.Helikeshisjob,writingessays.Accordingtohisbiographer,JamesBoswell.同位語(yǔ)從句-在復(fù)雜句充當(dāng)同位語(yǔ)的名詞性從句是同位語(yǔ)從句。Theyareinvestigatingthequestionwhetherheisamurder.常見(jiàn)同位名詞中心詞Fact/news/idea/hope/report/opinion/order/question/problem/truth/theory/decision/discovery/conclusion/promise/rumour/possibility/answer/belief,etc.同位語(yǔ)從句種類：限制性同位語(yǔ)從句：緊跟同位名詞非限制性同位語(yǔ)從句：有逗號(hào)或者破折號(hào)與中心詞分開(kāi)Thenewsthatheintendedtocomegaveusmuchpleasure.Thehardtruth,thathecameoutofthecloset,wasagreatshocktoherparents.形容詞性從句定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)修飾名詞：定語(yǔ)是用來(lái)修飾、限定、說(shuō)明名詞或代詞的品質(zhì)與特征的?？梢宰鞫ㄕZ(yǔ)成分的有：形容詞、名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞不定式、（短語(yǔ)）、分詞、從句出現(xiàn)位置：緊跟名詞前后Ilovebeautifulyou.定語(yǔ)從句-在復(fù)雜句中作定語(yǔ)，修飾限定一個(gè)主語(yǔ)/賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)的名詞或代詞的句子叫做定語(yǔ)從句，被修飾叫做先行詞，由關(guān)系代詞引出。Idon’tliketheboywhoisstraight.ThemanthatIspoketoisHoover.種類限定性定語(yǔ)從句用來(lái)限定先行詞的范圍Ilikeamanwhoisrich.非限定性定語(yǔ)從句對(duì)于先行詞的一個(gè)進(jìn)一步解釋Ilikeaman,whoisrich.Tips:進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的定語(yǔ)從句可以省略關(guān)系代詞和be動(dòng)詞，僅僅用現(xiàn)在分詞。Therearethenations(whichare)feedingbillionsofpeople.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的定語(yǔ)從句，可以省略關(guān)系代詞和be動(dòng)詞，僅僅用過(guò)去分詞。Thecamera(whichwas)orderedlastweekhadnotarrivedyet.區(qū)分同位語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句1.同位語(yǔ)：具體內(nèi)容描述，定語(yǔ)：限定修飾-Thenewsthatheisgayistrue.-Thenewsthatthegirltoldmeistrue.2.What/how/whether/is是同位語(yǔ)從句Who翻譯為誰(shuí)，which翻譯成哪一個(gè),是同位語(yǔ)從句，否則是定語(yǔ)從句。Eg.Ihaveaquestionwhetheryouareagay?Eg.I’msureheisthegaywhoyouwillbegladtogetacquainted.3.that是否在句子做成分，充當(dāng)是定從，不充當(dāng)是同位從。從句結(jié)構(gòu)完整是同位從，不完整是定從。Acompanythatstatestheirproductisthe‘safest’or‘cheapest’needstoshowproof,becausetheseclaimscandirectlyaffecttheircompetitors.Statementslikethese,thatnoonecanprove,arecalledpuffery.Somechildrenexpressedtheideathattheconservationofrainforestsisnotimportant.Themostfrequentresponsestothefirstquestionweredescriptionswhichareself-evidentfromtheterm‘rainforest’.IntheNativeAmericanNavajonation,whichsprawlsacrossfourstatesintheAmericansouth-west,thenativelanguageisdying.Theyhavedevelopedahit-listofourmainfears:thatnaturalresourcesarerunningout;thatthepopulationisevergrowing,leavinglessandlesstoeat;thatspeciesarebecomingextinctinvastnumbers,andthatplanet’sairandwaterarebecomingevermorepolluted.Platoexpresstheideathathomourissimplyadelightedfeelingofsuperiorityoverothers.KantandFreudfeltthatjoke-tellingreliesonbuildingupapsychictensionwhichissafelypuncturedbytheludicrousnessofpunchline.Thefactthatjokestapintoourgeneralevaluativemachineryexplainswhythelinebetweenfunnyanddisgusting,orfunnyandfrightening,canbesofine.Thesecondsetofmorespecificchangesthathaveledtothepresentconcernaboutthedistributionofhealth-careresourcesstemsfromthedramaticriseinhealthcostinmostOECDcountries,accompaniedbylarge-scaledemographicandsocialchangeswhichhavemeant,totakeoneexample,thatelderpeoplearenowmajorandrelativelyveryexpensiveconsumersofhealth-careresources.副詞性從句狀語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)修飾動(dòng)詞：狀語(yǔ)用來(lái)說(shuō)明動(dòng)作的地點(diǎn)、時(shí)間、原因、目的、結(jié)果、條件、方向、程度、方式、和伴隨狀況?？梢宰鳡钫Z(yǔ)成分的有：副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、分詞（過(guò)去/現(xiàn)在分詞等）和分詞短語(yǔ)、不定式、從句Igetupat7.Herunsfast.Iamtakingcoursesatschool.Hecomesherebytrain.狀語(yǔ)從句-在復(fù)合句做狀語(yǔ)，起副詞作用的句子叫狀語(yǔ)從句，它可以修飾謂語(yǔ)、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)或整個(gè)句子。IwillcallyouwhenIarrivehome.Theshowissoamazingthateveryoneapplauds.種類時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句(時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)）IhavestudiedEnglishsinceIcametoBeijing.Eg.Thelatterprocedureisunavoidablewhenworkingonforeignlanguages,orchildspeech.條件狀語(yǔ)從句（用if/unless引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句）Youwillnotbeabletopassthetestunlessyoustarttostudyhard.Eg.Ifyoustickoutyourtongueandlookinthemirror,youwillseethatitiscoveredwithtinybumps.Thatwouldmatterlessifpeopleappliedthesamedegreeofskepticismtoenvironmentallobbyingastheydotolobbygroupsinotherfields.地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句(where)Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.Eg.Daylengthisausefulcueforbreedinginareaswheretemperaturesareunpredictable.原因狀語(yǔ)從句(because,since,as)IamworkingreallyhardbecauseIlovethisjob.讓步狀語(yǔ)從句（though,although,eventhough,nomatterwhat）AlthoughIamexhausted,Iamstilllearning.Theywerenotallowedtoloiterdowntowninanicecreamstore,andwomen...althoughmenwereallowedoneeveningaweektotaketheirgirlfriendsoutiftheywenttochurchregularly.Eventhoughthemantlerocksarekeptsolidbyoverlyingpressure,theycanstillslowly“flow”likethicktreacle.用so...that或such...that引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句HKTaresocoolthateverybodylovesthem.比較狀語(yǔ)從句（than,as...as