2021年高考真題北京卷英語試卷

2021年高考真題北京卷英語試卷-學(xué)生用卷

一、完形填空（本大題共10小題，每小題1.5分，共15分）

1,【來源】2021年6月高考真題北京卷第1~10題15分（1.5分,1.5分,1.5分,1.5分,1.5分』.5分,1.5

分,1.5分,1.5分,15分）

Recently,Itookatriphomebytrain.Igotaseatoppositeamiddle-agedmanwithsharpeyes,who

kept1ayoungwomaninawindowseatwithalittleboyonherlap.The

woman'seyefellontheman'sface,andsheimmediatelylookeddown

and2herscarf.

Asthenightworeon,peoplebegantoclosetheireyes,buttheseatsweresouncomfortablethatonlya

veryheavysleepercouldmanagetogetany3.Thewomanlookedoveratthe

man.Hewasstillstaringather.Shelookedbackathimwithfireinhereyes.Iwasbeginningto

get4,too.

Thetrainmovedon.Thelittleboywas5awakeonhismother'slap,but

thewomandroppedofftosleep.Amomentlater,hebeganto6thehalf-open

window-onelegwentoverit.Themanjumpedupand7thechildjustbefore

hefellout.

The8wokeupthewoman.Sheseemedtobe

in9,andthenrealitydawned（顯現(xiàn)）."Yourchildhasbeenlookingforan

opportunitytoclimboutofthewindow,nthemansaidashegavethechildbacktoher."SoIhavebeen

watchingthewholetime."Thewomanwas10,andsowasI.

A.guidingB.botheringC.watching!）,monitoring

A.adjustedB.changedC.packedD.waved

A.airB.joyC.spaceD.rest

A.nervousB.embarrassedC.angryD.disappointed

A.almostB.stillC.hardlyD.even

A.dragB.climbC.knockD.push

A.grabbedB.rockedC.touchedD.picked

A.alarmB.quarrelC.riskD.noise

A.sorrowB.reliefC.panicD.pain

A.astonishedB.confusedC.concernedD.inspired

二、語法填空（本大題共10小題，每小題1.5分，共15分）

2、【來源】2021年6月高考真題北京卷（A篇）第11~13題4.5分（每題1.5分）

Whydowedream?Scientistsaren'tcompletelysure,andtheyhave

diverse1（idea）.Dreamsmightbeasideeffectofmemorymaking.Whenyou

sleep,yourbrainsortsthrougheverything2happenedduringtheday,trying

tolinknewexperiencestooldmemories.Asit3（connect）things,yourbrain

turnsthemintoastory,andyougetadream.

3、【來源】2021年6月高考真題北京卷（B篇）第14?16題4.5分（每題1.5分）

Samisanin-real-lifestreamer（主播）,andhelivestreamshimselfjustgoingabouthisday.While

ridinghisbikehome1acoldnight,hecameacrossasad-lookingelderly

womanwanderingthestreetsbyherself.Thepoorwomanwasn'tabletogivehimanyinformation

about2shelived.Samwalkedhertoanearbyconveniencestoresothatshe

could3（safe）waitforthepolicetotakeherhome.

4、【來源】2021年6月高考真題北京卷（C篇）第17?20題6分（每題1.5分）

There1（be）adramaticriseinthenumberofextremeweatherevents

overthepast20years,2（cause）largelybyrisingglobaltemperatures,

accordingtoanewreportfromtheUnitedNations.From2000to2019,therewere7,348majornatural

disastersaroundtheworld,3（result）in$2,970billionineconomicloss.

Muchofthisincreasecanbeduetoclimatechange.Thefindingsshowacritical

need4（invest）indisasterprevention.

三、閱讀理解（本大題共14小題，每小題2分，共28分）

5、【來源】2021年6月高考真題北京卷（A篇）第21~23題6分（每題2分）

Ifyouareplanningtostartacareerinthefieldofeducation,science,orculture,thenaninternship

（實習(xí)）atUNESCOwillbeidealforyou.

Whocanapply?

?Youhavecompletedyourfull-timeuniversitystudies;or

?Youarestudyinginagraduateprogrammefbramaster'sdegree.

?Applicantsintechnicalassignmentsmusthavereachedthelastyearoftheirstudiesinatechnical

institution.

Whataretherequirements?

?Youmustbeatleast20yearsold.

?Youshouldhaveagoodcommand(掌握)ofeitherEnglishorFrench.

?Youmusthaveanexcellentknowledgeofoffice-relatedsoftware.

?Youshouldbeabletoworkwellinateamandadapttoaninternationalworkingenvironment.

?Youshouldpossessstronginterpersonalandcommunicationskills.

Whatdoyouneedtoprepare?

?Visa:Youshouldobtainthenecessaryvisas.

?Travel:Youmustarrangeandfinanceyourtraveltoandfromthelocationwhereyouwilldoyour

internship.

?Medicalinsurance:Youmustshowproofofacomprehensivehealthinsurancevalid(有效的)in

thetargetcountryfbrtheentireperiodoftheinternship.UNESCOwillprovidelimitedinsurancecoverage

uptoUSD30,000fortheinternshipperiod.

?Medicalcertificate:Youmustprovideamedicalcertificateindicatingyouarefittowork.

?Motivationletter:Youshouldhaveyourmotivationletterreadybeforefillingouttheapplication

form.

YourapplicationwillbeaccessedbyUNESCOmanagersandwillstayinourdatabaseforsixmonths.

Wedonotrespondtoeverycandidate.Ifselected,youwillbecontactedbyamanager.Ifyoudonot

receiveanyupdatewithinsixmonths,itmeansthatyourapplicationhasnotbeensuccessful.

(1)Accordingtothispassage,applicantsarerequiredto.

A.holdamaster'sdegreeinscience

B.haveinternationalworkexperience

C.befluentineitherEnglishorFrench

D.presentaletterfromatechnicalinstitution

(2)WhatwillUNESCOprovidefortheinternshipperiod?

A.Limitedmedicalinsurancecoverage.

B.Trainingincommunicationskills.

C.Amedicalcertificateforwork.

D.Financialsupportfortravel.

（3）Whatshouldapplicantsdobeforefillingouttheapplicationform?

A.ContactUNESCOmanagers.

B.Getaccesstothedatabase.

C.Keepamotivationletterathand.

D.Workinateamforsixmonths.

6、【來源】2021年6月高考真題北京卷（B篇）第24?27題8分（每題2分）

Irememberthedayduringourfirstweekofclasswhenwewereinformedaboutoursemester（學(xué)

期）projectofvolunteeringatanon-profitorganization.Whentheteacherintroducedustothedifferent

organizationsthatneededourhelp,mylastchoicewasOperationIraqiChildren（OIC）.Myfirst

impressionoftheorganizationwasthatitwasnotgoingtomakeenoughofadifferencewiththeplansI

hadinmind.

Then,anOICrepresentativegaveussomedetails,whichsomewhatinterestedme.Afterdoingsome

research,Ibelievedthatwecouldreallydosomethingforthosekids.WhenIwentonlinetotheOIC

website,IsawpicturesoftheIraqichildren.Theirfacesweresopowerfulinsendingamessageoftheir

despair（絕望）andneedthatIjoinedthisprojectwithouthesitation.Wedecidedtocollectasmany

schoolsuppliesaspossible,andmakethemintokits——onekit,onechild.

Themostrewardingdayforourgroupwasprojectday,whenalltheeffortsweputintocollectingthe

itemsfinallycametogether.WhenIsawthevarioussupplieswehadcollected,ithitmethateverykitwe

weretobuildthatdaywouldeventuallybeinthehandsofanIraqichild.Overthepastfourmonths,Ihad

neverimaginedhowIwouldfeelonceourprojectwascompleted.Whilemakingthekits,IrealizedthatI

hadlostsightofthetruemeaningbehindit.Ihadonlyfocusedonthefactthatitwasanotherschool

projectandoneIwantedtogetagoodgradeon.Whenthekitswerecompleted,andreadytobesent

overseas,thewarmfeelingIhadwasoneIwouldneverforget.

Inthebeginning,Idaredmyselftomakeadifferenceinthelifeofanotherperson.Nowthatour

projectisover,IrealizethatIhaveaffectednotonlyonelife,butten.Withourefforts,tenyoungboysand

girlswillnowbeabletofurthertheireducation.

（1）HowdidtheauthorfeelaboutjoiningtheOICprojectinthebeginning?

A.Itwouldaffecthis/herinitialplans.

B.Itwouldinvolvetravelingoverseas.

C.Itwouldnotbringhim/heragoodgrade.

D.Itwouldnotliveuptohis/herexpectations.

(2)Whatmainlyhelpedtheauthorchangehis/herattitudetowardtheproject?

A.ImagesofIraqichildren.

B.Researchbyhis/herclassmates.

C.Ateacher'sintroduction.

D.Arepresentative'scomments.

(3)Theauthor'sOICprojectgroupwouldhelptenIraqichildrento.

A.becomeOICvolunteers

B.furthertheireducation

C.studyinforeigncountries

D.influenceotherchildren

(4)Whatcanweconcludefromthispassage?

A.One'spotentialcannotalwaysbeunderrated.

B.Firstimpressioncannotalwaysbetrusted.

C.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.

D.Hewhohesitatesislost.

7、【來源】2021年6月高考真題北京卷(C篇)第28?30題6分(每題2分)

Hundredsofscientists,writersandacademicssoundedawarningtohumanityinanopenletter

publishedlastDecember:Policymakersandtherestofusmustengageopenlywiththeriskofglobal

collapse.Researchersinmanyareashaveprojectedthewidespreadcollapseasnacrediblescenario(情

景)thiscentury".

Asurveyofscientistsfoundthatextremeweatherevents,foodinsecurity,andfreshwatershortages

mightcreateglobalcollapse.Ofcourse,ifyouareanon-humanspecies,collapseiswellunderway.

Thecallforpublicengagementwiththeunthinkableisespeciallygennaneinthismomentofstill-

uncontrolledpandemicandeconomiccrisesintheworld'smosttechnologicallyadvancednations.Not

verylongago,itwasalsounthinkablethataviruswouldshutdownnationsandthatsafetynetswouldbe

provensodisastrouslylackinginflexibility.

Theinternationalscholars1warningletterdoesn'tsayexactlywhatcollapsewilllooklikeorwhenit

mighthappen.Collapseology,thestudyofcollapse,ismoreconcernedwithidentifyingtrendsandwith

themthedangersofeverydaycivilization.Amongthesignatories(簽署者)ofthewarningwasBob

Johnson,theoriginatorofthe''ecologicalfootprint'*concept,whichmeasuresthetotalamountof

environmentalinputneededtomaintainagivenlifestyle.Withthecurrentfootprintofhumanity,*'itseems

thatglobalcollapseiscertaintohappeninsomeform,possiblywithinadecade,certainlywithinthis

century,uJohnsonsaidinanemail.

Onlyifwediscusstheconsequencesofourbiophysicallimits,theDecemberwarninglettersays,can

wehavethehopetoreducetheir"speed,severityandharm1'.Andyetmessengersofthecoming

disturbancearelikelytobeignored.Weallwanttohopethingswillturnoutfine.Asapoetwrote,

Manisavictimofdope(麻醉品)

Intheincurableformofhope.

Thehundredsofscholarswhosignedtheletterareintent(執(zhí)著)onquietinghopethatignores

preparedness."Let'slookdirectlyintotheissueofcollapse,ntheysay,nanddealwiththeterrible

possibilitiesofwhatweseetheretomakethebestofatroublingfuture."

(1)Whatdoestheunderlinedword"germane'*inParagraph3probablymean?

A.Scientific.

B.Credible.

C.Original.

D.Relevant.

(2)Asforthepublicawarenessofglobalcollapse,theauthoris.

A.worried

B.puzzled

C.surprised

D.scared

(3)Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?

A.Thesignatoriesmaychangethebiophysicallimits.

B.Theauthoragreeswiththemessageofthepoem.

C.Theissueofcollapseisbeingprioritized.

D.Theglobalcollapseiswellunderway.

8、【來源】2021年6月高考真題北京卷（D篇）第31?34題8分（每題2分）

Earlyfifth-centuryphilosopherSt.Augustinefamouslywrotethatheknewwhattimewasunless

someoneaskedhim.AlbertEinsteinaddedanotherwrinklewhenhetheorizedthattimevariesdepending

onwhereyoumeasureit.Today'sstate-of-the-artatomic（原子的）clockshaveprovenEinsteinright.

Evenadvancedphysicscan'tdecisivelytelluswhattimeis,becausetheanswerdependsonthequestion

you'reasking.

Forgetabouttimeasanabsolute.Whatif,insteadofconsideringtimeintermsofastronomy,we

relatedtimetoecology?Whatifweallowedenvironmentalconditionstosetthetempo（節(jié)奏）ofhuman

life?We'reincreasinglyawareofthefactthatwecan'tcontrolEarthsystemswithengineeringalone,and

realizingthatweneedtomoderate（調(diào)節(jié)）ouractionsifwehopetoliveinbalance.Whatifour

definitionoftimereflectedthat?

Recently,Iconceptualizedanewapproachtotimekeepingthat'sconnectedtocircumstancesonour

planet,conditionsthatmightchangeasaresultofglobalwarming.WeYenowbuildingaclockatthe

AnchorageMuseumthatreflectsthetotalflowofseveralmajorAlaskanrivers,whicharesensitivetolocal

andglobalenvironmentalchanges.We'veprogrammedittomatchanatomicclockifthewaterways

continuetoflowattheirpresentrate.Iftheriversrunfasterinthefutureonaverage,theclockwillget

aheadofstandardtime.Iftheyrunslower,you*llseetheoppositeeffect.

Theclockregistersbothshort-termirregularitiesandlong-termtrendsinriverdynamics.It'sasortof

observatorythatrevealshowtheriversarebehavingfromtheirowntemporalframe（時間框架）,and

allowsustowitnessthosechangesonoursmartwatchesorphones.AnyonewhooptstogoonAlaska

MeanRiverTimewillliveinharmonywiththeplanet.Anyonewhoconsidersrivertimeinrelationto

atomictimewillencounteramajorimbalanceandmaybemotivatedtocounteractitbyconsumingless

fuelorsupportinggreenerpolicies.

Evenifthismethodoftimekeepingisnovelinitsparticulars,earlyagriculturalsocietiesalso

connectedtimetonaturalphenomena.Inpre-ClassicalGreece,forinstance,people"corrected”official

calendarsbyshiftingdatesforwardorbackwardtoreflectthechangeofseason.Temporalconnectionto

theenvironmentwasvitaltotheirsurvival.Likewise,rivertimeandothertimekeepingsystemswe're

developingmayencourageenvironmentalawareness.

WhenSt.Augustineadmittedhisinabilitytodefinetime,hehighlightedoneoftime'smostnoticeable

qualities:Timebecomesmeaningfulonlyinadefinedcontext.Anytimekeepingsystemisvalid,andeach

isaspraiseworthyasitspurpose.

(1)WhatisthemainideaofParagraph1?

A.Timekeepingisincreasinglyrelatedtonature.

B.Everyonecandefinetimeontheirownterms.

C.Thequalitiesoftimevarywithhowyoumeasureit.

D.Timeisamajorconcernofphilosophersandscientists.

(2)TheauthorraisesthreequestionsinParagraph2mainlyto.

A.presentanassumption

B.evaluateanargument

C.highlightanexperiment

D.introduceanapproach

(3)Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?

A.Thosewhodonotgoonrivertimewillliveanimbalancedlife.

B.NewwaysofmeasuringtimecanhelptocontrolEarthsystems.

C.Atomictimewillgetaheadofrivertimeiftheriversrunslower.

D.Moderntechnologymayhelptoshapetherivers'temporalframe.

(4)Whatcanweinferfromthispassage?

A.Itiscrucialtoimprovethedefinitionoftime.

B.Afixedframewillmaketimemeaningless.

C.Weshouldliveinharmonywithnature.

D.Historyisamirrorreflectingreality.

四、信息匹配(本大題共5小題，每小題2分，共10分)

9、【來源】2021年6月高考真題北京卷第35~39題10分(每題2分)

Musichaslongbeenconsideredtobeanenjoyablepastimeformany

people.1Thementalhealthbenefitsfrommusiccan'tbeargued.Musiccould

alsobehelpingyouwithmanyotherhealthproblemsbehindthescenes.

2However,forthesamereason,musiccanbeverybeneficialifoneisin

pain.Bydistracting（分心）themindfromthepain,music,peoplesay,canlowerstressandanxiety

levels.This,ofcourse,canleadtolesspain.

Manypeopleenjoyrelaxingmusicintheeveningpriortogoingto

bed.3Whilethevalidityoftheideaisstillbeingassessed,theloweredstress

canevenbetiedbacktobloodpressure.Similarly,accordingtoresearchers,listeningtojust30minutesof

softmusiceverydaymayhelpwithhealthybloodsugarlevels,throughtheloweringofstressandanxiety.

Whenitcomestohearthealth,thereisspeculation（推;則）thatit'snotthestyleofmusic,butrather

thetempothatmakesitsogoodforyourhearthealth.InoneEuropeanstudy,participantslistenedtomusic

astheresearchersmonitoredtheirheartratesandbloodpressure.4Onthe

otherhand,whenthemusicslowed,theparticipants'stressandanxietylevelsbecamelowerandtheeffects

onheartratesappearedtofollowsuit.

5Butthereisawholerangeofotherhealthissuesthatturningupthe

radiocouldbebeneficialfor,whichiswhatmakesmusicsovaluable.

A.Thisfeelingcanalsoresultinmanyotherhealthproblems.

B.Someexpertssaythatmusiccanbeharmfulifitistooloud.

C.Thisideaisalittleoff-the-wallbutstillhasscientificbacking.

D.Theysayitcanplayabigroleincalmingthebrainenoughtosleep.

E.Theimplicationsofmusiconoverallwell-beingarereallyimpressive.

F.Itisalsohighlypopularduetotheindividualizedeffectsonstressandanxiety.

G.Interestingly,themorecheerfulthemusicwas,thefastertheirheartrateswere.

五、任務(wù)型閱讀（本大題共4小題，共12分）

10、【來源】2021年6月高考真題北京卷第40~43題12分（2分,2分,3分,5分）

Recentresearchsuggeststhatifanargumentgetsresolved,theemotionalresponsetiedtoitis

significantlyreducedoralmostcompletelyerased.Thus,itmaybeworthbringingupissueswithyour

friends,familymembers,orclassmatesratherthanholdingthemback.

Thereisadifferencebetweenarguingandfighting.Arguingisthatyouandyouropponentpresent

yourconcernsanddiscussthefeelingsandissuesrelatedtothoseconcerns.Youcanengageinan

argumentrespectfullywithoutstirringup(激起)anger.Fighting,however,usuallyinvolvespersonal

attacks,raisingofvoices,andstormingout.

Discussingyourissuesandresolvingtheminsteadofstuffingthemdowncanimproveyouremotional

health.Inastudy,2,000peoplewereaskedtorecordtheirfeelingsandexperiencesforeightdaysinarow.

Whenpeoplehadanargumentthattheyconsideredresolved,theyhadhalfthereactivity(情緒反應(yīng))of

thosewhoavoidedanargument.Reactivityisanincreaseinnegativeemotionsoradecreaseinpositive

emotions.Inotherwords,resolvinganargumentcutsyournegativefeelingsbyhalf.Onedaylater,people

whohadaresolvedargumentreportednoincreaseofnegativeemotionscomparedwiththosewhoavoided

anargument.Thismeansthatresolvinganargumentcanfeellikeyouhavereachedastateofresolution一

andyouarelesslikelytobeannoyed.

Moreover,theolderyouare,themorelikelyyouwillcometoaresolutionafteranargument.This

maybebecausemorelifeexperienceusuallyleadstomoredefinedpriorities.Youaremorelikelyto

distinguishbetweenwhatmattersandwhatdoesnot.

Itiseasiertoavoidadiscussion,butriskingtalkingaboutitmayeventuallyleadtoabetteroutcome.

(1)Accordingtothispassage,whatisarguing?

(2)Whyisitthat"theolderyouare,themorelikelyyouwillcometoaresolutionafteranargument”？

(3)Pleas