新概念英語(yǔ)Lesson141-143被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)精講課件

被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)11.ManypeoplespeakEnglish.

Englishisspokenbymanypeople.

Lucky52iswatchedonTVbymanypeople.Footballareplayedbythem.2.ManypeoplewatchLucky52onTV.3.Theyplayfootball.2語(yǔ)態(tài):表示主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之間的關(guān)系。英語(yǔ)有兩種語(yǔ)態(tài),即主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者。如：Manystudents

study

English.(主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))English

isstudied

bymanystudents.(被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))語(yǔ)態(tài)3助動(dòng)詞be變化規(guī)則:I用am,you用are,is連著she、he、it.單數(shù)is,復(fù)數(shù)are.如:Thedeskismadeofwood.Thedesksaremadeofwood.Heisaskedaquestionbytheteacher.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)助動(dòng)詞be+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞不同的時(shí)態(tài)有不同的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu):4bymanystudents.主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方法1.Manystudentsstudy

English.Englishisstudied2.Theymake

shoesinthatfactory.Shoesaremadebytheminthatfactory.5主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方法1.把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)。2.把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的謂語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的謂語(yǔ)。3.把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的by

短語(yǔ)。（①

by短語(yǔ)可以省。②by短語(yǔ)后跟代詞的賓格。）bytheteacher.3.Theteacheroftenasks

himquestions.Heisaskedquestions61.找賓語(yǔ)----即動(dòng)作的承受者They

make

shoesinthatfactory.

Shoes2.判斷賓語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)----即be動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù).aremade3.判斷動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)----即be動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài).4.修改謂語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)----即原句動(dòng)詞改為過(guò)去分詞

5.修改原句的主語(yǔ)----即by+主語(yǔ)/賓語(yǔ).

bythem.主變被解題步驟賓變主,主放后,前加by動(dòng)變被,看清be,結(jié)構(gòu)分別be+pp7TheyplayfootballonSunday.Lucydoesthehomeworkintheevening.Theyoftenusecomputersinclass.WemakethesemachinesinBeijing.FootballisplayedbythemonSunday.ThehomeworkisdonebyLucyintheevening.Computersareoftenusedbytheminclass.ThesemachinesaremadeinBeijing.8肯定句:主語(yǔ)＋be+過(guò)去分詞＋(by~)否定句：主語(yǔ)＋benot＋過(guò)去分詞＋(by~)一般疑問(wèn)句：Be＋主語(yǔ)＋過(guò)去分詞＋(by~)?特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞＋be＋主語(yǔ)＋過(guò)去分詞＋(by~)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài)是由be的時(shí)態(tài)決定的,be是什么時(shí)態(tài)，全句就是什么時(shí)態(tài)，be動(dòng)詞后面的過(guò)去分詞不變。bymanystudents.Englishisstudiedbymanystudents.Englishisnotstudied91.They

bought

tencomputerslastterm．

bythemlastterm.2.一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu):was/were+過(guò)去分詞lastyear.2.We

plantedmanytreeslastyear.ManytreeswereplantedTencomputerswerebought10Theybuiltthetallbuildinglastyear.Hetookgoodcareofhislittlebrotheryesterday.Wecleanedourclassroomjustnow.Theyusedthisroomforresting.Thetallbuildingwasbuiltbythemlastyear.Hislittlebrotherwastakengoodcareofbyhimyesterday.Ourclassroomwascleanedbyusjustnow.Thisroomwasusedforrestingbythem.11Lookatthisandthenrewritethesentencesbelowinthepassive,liketheexample.ActiveSomeonecleansthewindowseveryweek.Someonecleanedthemlastweek.PassiveThewindowsarecleanedeveryweek.Theywerecleanedlastweek.Peopleofteninvitemetoparties.SomeoneinvitedmetoonelastweekI_____________________________________I_____________________________________amofteninvitedtoparties.wasinvitedtoonelastweek.12Lookatthisandthenrewritethesentencesbelowinthepassive,liketheexample.ActivePassive3.Someonepaintsourourhouseeveryyear.4.Somepeoplepainteditlastyear.5.Peopleoftenovertakehimontheroad.6.Someoneovertakehimaminuteago.Ourhouse____________________________It____________________________________He___________________________________He___________________________________

ispaintedeveryyear.

waspaintedlastyear.

isoftenovertakenontheroad

wasovertakenaminuteago.13Lookatthisandthenrewritethesentencesbelowinthepassive,liketheexample.ActivePassive7.Someonewaterstheflowerseveryday.8.Someonewateredthemyesterday.Theflowers___________________________They_________________________________

arewateredeveryday.

werewateredyesterday.214Howdotheyfeel?Howdidtheyfeel?Rewritethesentencesliketheexample.Someoneembarrassedher.Somethingisworryingme.Somethingexcitedhim.Somethingisamusingthem.She_______________I__________________He________________They______________wasembarrassed.amworried.wasexcited.areamused3153.一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu):willbe+過(guò)去分詞1.Theywillfinish

theworkintendays.bythemintendays.Theworkwillbefinished2.Tomwillclean

theroomtomorrow.TheroomwillbecleanedbyTom

tomorrow.16Wewillhaveasportsmeetingnextweek.Childrenwilltakesomephotosintheschoolyardtomorrow.Theheadmasterwillgiveatalkthisafternoon.Asportsmeetingwillbehadbyusnextweek.Somephotoswillbetakenbychildrenintheschoolyardtomorrow.Atalkwillbegivenbytheheadmasterthisafternoon.174.含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu):can/may/must/should+be+過(guò)去分詞1.Amy

cantakegoodcareof

Gina

．byAmy.Ginacanbetakengoodcareof2.Youshoulddrink

morewater.Morewater

shouldbedrunkbyyou.181.Hecantakecareofthebaby.2.Lucymaydrawthepictures.3.Youmustturnoffthelights.4.TheyshouldlearnEnglishwell.

Thebabycanbetakencareofbyhim.ThepicturemaybedrawnbyLucy.Thelightsmustbeturnedoffbyyou.Englishshouldbelearnedwellbythem.195.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)is/am/are+being＋過(guò)去分詞1.Someworkersarepainting

theroomsnow．bysomeworkersnow.Theroomsarebeingpainted2.Heiswatching

TV.TVisbeingwatched

byhim.206.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)have/has＋been＋過(guò)去分詞1.Wehavemade

twentymorekeys．byus.Twentymorekeyshavebeenmade2.Wehavefinished

ourcompositions.Ourcompositionshavebeenfinishedbyus.21表格:被動(dòng)態(tài)基本結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)am/is/aredonewas/weredoneam/is/arebeingdonewas/werebeingdoneshall/will/begoingtobedonewouldbedonehave/hasbeen

donehadbeen

done226.Anotherman-madesatellitewassentupintospacebythemlastweek(濟(jì)南市中考題）

——————anotherman-madesatelliteintospacelastweek.變主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)7.Peoplethereplantedmanytreeslastyear.Trees__________bypeopletherelastyear.(青島市中考題）8.Theygrowvegetablesonthefarm.Thevegetables_____________onthefarm（上海市中考題）Theysentupwereplanted

aregrown中考題23Lookatthisandthenrewritethesentencesbelowinthepassive,liketheexample.ActivePassivePresentperfectSomeonehascaughtthethief.Thethiefhasbeencaught.Someonehascleanedthewindows.Thewindowshavebeencleaned.FuturewithwillSomeonewillcatchthethiefsoon.Thethiefwillbecaughtsoon.Someonewillcleanthewindows.Thewindowswillbecleaned.A:Hasmywatchbeenrepairedyet?(soon)B:____________________________________________________________________________________No,I’msorry.Ithasn’tbeenrepairedyet,butitwillberepairedsoon.24Lookatthisandthenrewritethesentencesbelowinthepassive,liketheexample.2.A:Havethoselettersbeentypedyet?(thisafternoon)B:____________________________________________________________________________________No,I’msorry.Theyhaven’tbeentypedyet,buttheywillbetypedthisafternoon.3.A:Hasmyroombeentidiedyet?(attheweekend)B:____________________________________________________________________________________No,I’msorry.Ithasn’tbeentidiedyet,butitwillbetidiedattheweekend.A:Havethechildrenbeeninvitedtothepartyyet?(nextweek)B:____________________________________________________________________________________No,I’msorry.Theyhaven’tbeeninvitedyet,buttheywillbeinvitednextweek.25Lookatthisandthenrewritethesentencesbelowinthepassive,liketheexample.5.A:HasJohnbeentoldyet?(tomorrow)B:____________________________________________________________________________________No,I’msorry.Hehasn’tbeentoldyet,buthewillbetoldtomorrow.A:Havethosejobsbeenfinishedyet?(by6o’clock)B:____________________________________________________________________________________No,I’msorry.Theyhaven’tbeenfinishedyet,buttheywillbefinishedby6o’clock.226Mydaughterwasinvitedtoachildren'sparty.

我的女兒被邀請(qǐng)到一個(gè)兒童聚會(huì)。Ihaven’tbeentoldaboutit.沒(méi)有人告訴我這件事被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法（1）不知道或沒(méi)有必要說(shuō)明動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰(shuí).It’s/wassaid/believed/reported/+that…It’sreportedthataboutthreehundredpeoplewerekilledinthisearthquake.

據(jù)報(bào)道,這次地震中大約有三百人死亡。

（2）強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者,這時(shí)應(yīng)用by短語(yǔ)。ThecupwasbrokenbyDavid.（3）作客觀說(shuō)明時(shí),常采用一種被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)句型.27

－Iwasgivenabookbyhim.（以I做主語(yǔ)）－AbookwasgiventomebyTom.（以物book作主語(yǔ)）

－WearetaughtEnglishbyhim.（以人當(dāng)主語(yǔ)）－Englishistaughttousbyhim.（以物作主語(yǔ)）被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的幾種類型1.帶雙賓語(yǔ)句子的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài).（指物的賓語(yǔ)叫直接賓語(yǔ),指人的賓語(yǔ)叫間接賓語(yǔ)）常見(jiàn)的接雙賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有:to:pass,give,teach,show,bring,handfor:make,buy,draw,sing,get,以“人”當(dāng)主語(yǔ)時(shí),變法和一般的變法一樣;以“物”當(dāng)主語(yǔ)時(shí)，在保留的間接賓語(yǔ)前必須加to或for.如:1.Hegaveme

abook.

2.Heteachesus

English.28keep,make三類的動(dòng)詞常常有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中，賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)位置不變。

We

keep

food

freshinthefridge.

主謂賓賓補(bǔ)－Foodiskeptfreshinthefridge.Isawhimgointotheofficebuilding.

－Hewasseentogointotheofficebuilding.2.含有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的句子的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)29Theytakegoodcareofmychild.Mychildistakengoodcareof.Iturnedofftheradio.Theradiowasturnedoff(byme)

3.含有短語(yǔ)的主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)30下列這些短語(yǔ)本身即是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的形式,不需再加－bybecoveredwith…用…覆蓋著

beinterestedin…對(duì)…感興趣

besurprisedat…對(duì)…感到驚奇

bemadeof（from）用…制造的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

takecareof－betakencareofcutdown－becutdownlaughat－belaughedatlookafter－belookedafter31即feel,hear,listen,have,make,let,look,watch,see,notice,這些詞在主動(dòng)句中，其后的動(dòng)詞不定式不加to，但變被動(dòng)句時(shí)必須加to.1.Isaw

himplaybasketballlastSunday.HewasseentoplaybasketballlastSunday.2.Weheard

themsingintheclassroom.Theywasheardtosingintheclassroom.4.感官動(dòng)詞和使役動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)32（1）當(dāng)主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中的賓語(yǔ)是反身代詞和相互代詞時(shí),不能改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。Weoftenhelpeachother.

我們常常互相幫助。（2）當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)是表狀態(tài)的及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)（如have,like,takeplace,belongto…）如:

Iliketheseflowers.我喜歡這些花。

Iwillhaveameeting.

不說(shuō)Ameetingwillbehad.應(yīng)說(shuō)Ameetingwillbeheld.5.不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的幾種情況33把下列句子變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):Acar

knockedhimdownyesterday.2）Twodoctorsandtennursesmakeupthemedicalteam．3）WhenIgotthere,theywerecuttingupafallentree．Afallentreewasbeingcutup,whenIgotthere.Hewasknockeddownbyacaryesterday．Themedicalteamismadeupofbytwo…．Practice344)We’llputontheplaynextSunday．5)Workersarebuildinganewteachingbuildinginourschool．6)Theyhadcompletedtherailwaybytheendoflastyear．

TheplaywillbeputonnextSunday．Anewteachingbuildingisbeingbuiltbyworkersinourschool．Therailwayhadbeencompletedbytheendoflastyear．35填空（完成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)填空）

1.Theyoftencleantheirclassroomafterschool.（改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）

Theirclassroom_____often______bythemafterschool.2.LiLeigaveTomanewpenlastweek.（同上）

Anewpen_________________Tomlastweek.

iscleanedwasgivenbyPractice363.AlotofpeopleinChinacanspeakEnglishnow.（同上）

English________________byalotofpeopleinChinanow.4.IhavelearnedEnglishforabouttwoyears.（同上）

English__________________forabouttwoyears.5.Theywillpublishthesestory-booksnextmonth.（同上）

Thesestory-books_______________nextmonth.canbespokenhasbeenlearnedwillbepublished371.Insomecountries,tea______withmilkandsugar.A.isservingB.isservedC.servesD.served2.Greatchanges_____inmyhometownsince1980.A.havebeentakenplaceB.tookplaceC.havetakenplaceD.weretakenplace3.Thenewtypeofcarisgoingto______inthreeyears.A.turnoutB.beturnedoutC.hasturnedoutD.havebeenturnedout4.Thewomanmurderedherfriendand______to______.A.wassentenced,deathB.sentencing,dieC.sentenced,deathD.sentenced,die被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)專項(xiàng)練習(xí):選擇填空385.－Doyouliketheskirt?－It_______soft.A.isfeelingB.feltC.feelsD.isfelt6.Areyoustillhere?Youwerehereanhourago.Who________for?A.areyouwaitingB.didyouwaitC.wereyouwaitingD.doyouwait7._____toknowProfessorZhang.A.HesaidB.IsaidC.HeissaidD.Itsays8.－Iwanttositatthetablenearthewindow.

－Sorry,______already.A.ittookB.ittakesC.itistakingD.ithasbeentaken399.Theletter_______threedaysagoandit_____yesterday.A.hadpost,hadarrivedB.wasposted,arrivedC.posted,arrivedD.hadbeenposted,wasarrived10.Hetoldmethatthefinalexamination_______nextThursday.A.isgivenB.willbegivenC.wouldhavegivenD.wouldbegiven11.Water______intoice.A.willchangedB.mustbechangedC.shouldchangeD.canbechanged12.Plays______twiceamonthinthattheatre.A.putonB.areputonC.wasputonD.oftenputon40

13.Thebirds_______flyawaylastSaturday.A.lettoB.islettoC.wasletD.wereletto14.Astrangesound______yesterdayevening.A.washeardB.hearsC.heardD.isheard15.Abeautifulbike_______himbyhisclassmates.A.senttoB.willsenttoC.wassenttoD.willbesentfor16.MissChen______just______tospeakatthemeeting.A.has…beenaskedB.hasbeen…askedC.Havebeen…