新概念英語第三冊(cè)(中英文對(duì)照)

Lesson11Notguilty

GoingthroughtheCustomsisatiresomebusiness.Thestrangestthingaboutitisthatreallyhonestpeopleareoften

madetofeelguilty.Thehardenedprofessionalsmuggler,ontheotherhand,isnevertroubledbysuchfeelings,evenif

hehasfivehundredgoldwatcheshiddeninhissuitcase.When1returnedfromabroadrecently,aparticularlyofficious

youngCustomsOfficerclearlyregardedmeasasmuggler.

'Haveyouanythingtodeclare?'heasked,lookingmeintheeye.

'No；Iansweredconfidently.

'Wouldyoumindunlockingthissuitcaseplease?'

'Notatall/Ianswered.

TheOfficerwentthroughthecasewithgreatcare.AllthethingsIhadpackedsocarefullyweresooninadreadful

mess.IfeltsureIwouldneverbeabletoclosethecaseagain.Suddenly,IsawtheOfficer'sfacelightup.Hehad

spottedatinybottleatthebottomofmycaseandhepouncedonitwithdelight.

'Perfume,eh?'heaskedsarcastically.'Youshouldhavedeclaredthat.'Perfumeisnotexemptfromimportduty.'

'Butitisn'tperfume,*Isaid.*It'shair-oil.'ThenIaddedwithasmile,'It*sastrangemixtureImakemyself.*AsI

expected,hedidnotbelieveme.

'Tryit!'Isaidencouragingly.

TheOfficerunscrewedthecapandputthebottletohisnostrils.Hewasgreetedbyanunpleasantsmellwhich

convincedhimthatIwastellingthetruth.Afewminuteslater,Iwasabletohurryawaywithpreciouschalk-markson

mybaggage.

現(xiàn)在的海關(guān)官員往往相當(dāng)寬容。但是，當(dāng)你通過綠色通道，沒有任何東西需要申報(bào)時(shí)，他們?nèi)钥梢詳r住你。

甚至是最誠實(shí)的人也常弄得覺得有罪似的，而老練的職業(yè)走私犯卻使手提箱里藏著500只金表，卻也處之泰然。

最近一次，我也出國歸來，碰上一位特別好管閑事的年輕海關(guān)官員，他顯然把我當(dāng)成走私犯。

“您有什么需要申報(bào)的嗎？”他直盯著我的眼睛問。

“沒有?！蔽易孕诺鼗卮鹫f。

“請(qǐng)打開這只手提箱好嗎？”

“好的。’‘我回答說。

那位官員十分仔細(xì)地把箱子檢查了一遍。所有細(xì)心包裝好的東西一會(huì)兒工夫就亂成一團(tuán)。我相信那箱子

再也關(guān)不上了。突然，我看到官員臉上露出了得意的神色。他在我的箱底發(fā)現(xiàn)了一只小瓶，高興地一把抓了起

來。

“香水，嗯？”他譏諷地說道，“你剛才應(yīng)該申報(bào)，香水要上進(jìn)口稅的?！?/p>

“不，這不是香水，”我說，“是發(fā)膠。”接著我臉帶微笑補(bǔ)充說：“這是一種我自己配制的奇特的混合物?！?/p>

“你就聞-聞吧！"我催促說。

海關(guān)官員擰開瓶蓋，把瓶子放到鼻子底下。一股怪味襲來，使他相信了我說的真話。幾分鐘后，我終于被

放行，手提劃著寶貴的粉筆記號(hào)的行李，匆匆離去。

Lesson12Lifeonadesertisland

Mostofushaveformedanunrealisticpictureoflifeonadesertisland.Wesometimesimagineadesertislandtobea

sortofparadisewherethesunalwaysshines.Lifethereissimpleandgood.

Ripefruitfallsfromthetreesandyouneverhavetowork.Theothersideofthepictureisquitetheopposite.Lifeona

desertislandiswretched.YoueitherstarvetodeathorlivelikeRobinsonCrusoe,waitingforaboatwhichnever

comes.Perhapsthereisanelementoftruthinboththesepictures,butfewofushavehadtheopportunitytofindout.

Twomenwhorecentlyspentfivedaysonacoralislandwishedtheyhadstayedtherelonger.Theyweretakingabadly

damagedboatfromtheVirginIslandstoMiamitohaveitrepaired.Duringthejourney,theirboatbegantosink.They

quicklyloadedasmallrubberdinghywithfood,matches,andtinsofbeerandrowedforafewmilesacrossthe

Caribbeanuntiltheyarrivedatatinycoralisland.Therewerehardlyanytreesontheislandandtherewasnowater,

butthisdidnotprovetobeaproblem.Themencollectedrain-waterintherubberdinghy.Astheyhadbroughtaspear

gunwiththem,theyhadplentytoeat.Theycaughtlobsterandfisheveryday,and,asoneofthemputit'atelikekings*.

Whenapassingtankerrescuedthemfivedayslater,bothmenweregenuinelysorrythattheyhadtoleave.

我們?cè)S多人對(duì)于荒島生活有一種不切實(shí)際的想法。我們有時(shí)想象荒島是陽光終日普照的天堂。在那里，生活簡

單又美好。成熟的水果從樹上掉下來，人們根本無需勞動(dòng)。另一種想法恰恰相反，認(rèn)為荒島生活很可怕，要么

餓死，要么像魯濱孫那樣，天天盼船來，卻總沒見船影。也許，這兩種都像都有可信之處。但很少有人能有機(jī)

會(huì)去弄個(gè)究竟。

最近有兩個(gè)人在一座珊瑚島上呆了5天，他們真希望在那兒再多呆一些口子。他們駕著一條嚴(yán)重?fù)p壞的小

船從維爾京群島阿密修理。途中，船開始下沉，他們迅速把食物、火柴、罐裝啤酒往一只救生筏上裝。然后在

加勒比海上劃行了幾英里，到了一座珊瑚島上。島上幾乎沒有一顆樹，也沒有淡水，但這不算什么問題。他們

用像皮艇蓄積雨水。由于他們隨身帶了一支捕魚槍，因此，吃飯不愁。他們天天捕捉龍蝦和魚，正如其中一位

所說，吃得“像國王一樣好”。5天后，一條油輪從那兒路過，搭救了他們。這二位不得不離開那個(gè)荒島時(shí)，還

真的感到遺憾呢！

Lesson13Ifsonlyme

Afterherhusbandhadgonetowork,MrsRichardssentherchildrentoschoolandwentupstairstoherbedroom.

Shewastooexcitedtodoanyhouseworkthatmorning,forintheeveningshewouldbegoingtoafancydressparty

withherhusband.Sheintendedtodressupasaghostandasshehadmadehercostumethenightbefore,shewas

impatienttotryiton.Thoughthecostumeconsistedonlyofasheet,itwasveryeffective.Afterputtingiton,Mrs

Richardswentdownstairs.Shewantedtofindoutwhetheritwouldbecomfortabletowear.

JustasMrsRichardswasenteringthedining-room,therewasaknockonthefrontdoor.Sheknewthatitmustbe

thebaker.Shehadtoldhimtocomestraightinifevershefailedtoopenthedoorandtoleavethebreadonthekitchen

table.Notwantingtofrightenthepoorman,MrsRichardsquicklyhidinthesmallstore-roomunderthestairs.She

heardthefrontdooropenandheavyfootstepsinthehall.Suddenlythedoorofthestore-roomwasopenedandaman

entered.MrsRichardsrealizedthatitmustbethemanfromtheElectricityBoardwhohadcometoreadthemeter.She

triedtoexplainthesituation,saying'It'sonlyme*,butitwastoolate.Themanletoutacryandjumpedbackseveral

paces.WhenMrsRichardswalkedtowardshim,hefled,slammingthedoorbehindhim.

理查茲夫人等丈夫上班走后，把孩子送去上學(xué)，然后來到樓上自己的臥室。那天上午，她興奮得什么家務(wù)活

都不想做，因?yàn)橥砩纤煞蛞黄饏⒓右粋€(gè)化裝舞會(huì)。她打算裝扮成鬼的模樣。頭天晚上她已把化裝服做好，

這時(shí)她急于想試試。盡管化裝服僅由一個(gè)被單制成，卻十分逼真。理查茲夫人穿上化裝服后下了樓，想看穿起

來是否舒服。

理查茲夫人剛剛走進(jìn)餐廳，前門就傳來敲門聲。她知道來了一定面包師。她曾告訴過面包師，如果她不去

開門，他可直接進(jìn)門，把面包放在廚房的桌上。理查茲夫人不想嚇唬這個(gè)可憐人，便趕緊躲到了樓梯卜的小儲(chǔ)

藏室里。她聽見前門被打開，走廊里響起重重的腳步聲。突然貯藏門開了，?個(gè)男人走了進(jìn)來。理查茲夫人這

才想到一定是供電局來人查電表了。她說了聲“是我，別怕！”然后想進(jìn)行一番解釋，但已來不及了。那人大叫

了一聲，驚退了幾步。理查茲夫人朝他走去，只見他“砰”的一聲關(guān)上門逃走了。

Lesson14Anoblegangster

TherewasatimewhentheownersofshopandbusinessesinChicagohadtopaylargesumsofmoneyto

gangstersinreturnfor'protection'Ifthemoneywasnotpaidpromptly,thegangsterswouldquicklyputamanoutof

businessbydestroyinghisshop.Obtaining'protechonmoney'isnotamoderncrime.Aslongagoasthefourteenth

century,anEnglishman,SirJohnHawkwood,madetheremarkablediscoverythatpeoplewouldratherpaylargesums

ofmoneythanhavetheirlifeworkdestroyedbygangsters.

Sixhundredyearsago,SirJohnHawkwoodarrivedinItalywithabandofsoldiersandsettlednearFlorence.He

soonmadeanameforhimselfandcametobeknowntotheItaliansasGiovanniAcuto.WhenevertheItalian

city-stateswereatwarwitheachother,Hawkwoodusedtohirehissoldierstoprinceswhowerewillingtopaythe

highpricehedemanded.Intimesofpeace,whenbusinesswasbad.Hawkwoodandhismenwouldmarchintoa

city-stateand,afterburningdownafewfarms,wouldoffertogoawayifprotectionmoneywaspaidtothem.

Hawkwoodmadelargesumsofmoneyinthisway.Inspiteofthis,theItaliansregardedhimasasortofhero.When

hediedattheageofeighty,theFlorentinesgavehimastatefuneralandhadapicturepaintedwhichwasdedicatedto

thememoryof'themostvaliantsoldierandmostnotableleader,SignorGiovanniHaukodue'.

曾經(jīng)有一個(gè)時(shí)期，芝加哥的店主和商行的老板們不得不拿出大筆的錢給歹徒以換取“保護(hù)”。如果交款不及時(shí)，歹

徒們就會(huì)很快搗毀他的商店，讓他破產(chǎn),榨取“保護(hù)金”并不是一種現(xiàn)代的罪惡行徑.早在14世紀(jì)，英國人約翰.霍克

伍德就有過非凡的發(fā)現(xiàn):“人們情愿拿出大筆的錢,也不愿畢生的心血?dú)в诖跬街?

600年前，約翰.霍克伍德爵士帶著一隊(duì)士兵來到意大利，在佛羅倫薩附近駐扎下來，很快就出了名.意大利人

叫他喬凡尼?阿庫托.每次意大利各城邦之間打伏，霍克伍德把他的士兵雇傭給愿給他出高價(jià)的君主。和平時(shí)期,

當(dāng)生意蕭條時(shí)，霍克伍德便帶領(lǐng)士兵進(jìn)入某個(gè)城邦,縱火燒毀一兩個(gè)農(nóng)場(chǎng)，然后提此如向他們繳納保護(hù)金，他們便

主動(dòng)撤離?；艨宋榈掠眠@種方法掙了大筆錢.盡管如此,意大利人還是把他視作某種英雄。他80歲那年死去時(shí),

佛羅倫薩人為他舉行了國葬，并為他畫像以紀(jì)念這位”驍勇無比的戰(zhàn)士、杰出的領(lǐng)袖喬凡尼.阿庫托先生

Lesson15Fiftypenceworthoftrouble

Childrenalwaysappreciatesmallgiftsofmoney.Father,ofcourse,providesaregularsupplyofpocket-money,

butunclesandauntsarealwaysasourceofextraincome.Withsomechildren,smallsumsgoalongway.Ifsixpences

arenotexchangedforsweets,theyrattleformonthsinsidemoney-boxes.Onlyverythriftychildrenmanagetofillupa

money-box.Formostofthem,sixpenceisasmallpricetopayforasatisfyingbarofchocolate.

Mynephew,George,hasamoney-boxbutitisalwaysempty.VeryfewofthesixpencesIhavegivenhimhave

foundtheirwaythere.Igavehimsixpenceyesterdayandadvisedhimtosaveit.Instead,heboughthimselfsixpence

worthoftrouble.Onhiswaytothesweetshop,hedroppedhissixpenceanditrolledalongthepavementandthen

disappeareddownadrain.Georgetookoff

hisjacket,rolleduphissleevesandpushedhisrightarmthroughthedraincover.Hecouldnotfindhissixpence

anywhere,andwhatismore,hecouldnotgethisarmout.Acrowdofpeoplegatheredroundhimandaladyrubbed

hisarmwithsoapandbutter,butGeorgewasfirmlystuck.Thefire-brigadewascalledandtwofiremenfreedGeorge

usingaspecialtypeofgrease.Georgewasnottooupsetbyhisexperiencebecausetheladywhoownsthesweetshop

heardabouthistroublesandrewardedhimwithalargeboxofchocolates.

孩子們總是喜歡得到一些零花錢。爸爸媽媽當(dāng)然經(jīng)常給孩子零花錢，但是，叔舅嬸姨也是孩子們額外收入來

源。對(duì)于有些孩子來說，少量的錢可以花很長一段時(shí)間。如果50便士不拿來換糖吃，則可以放在儲(chǔ)蓄罐里叮

當(dāng)響上好幾月。但是能把儲(chǔ)蓄罐裝滿的只有屈指可數(shù)的幾個(gè)特別節(jié)儉的孩子。對(duì)大部分孩子來說，用50便士

來買一大塊好的巧克力，是算不了什么的。

我的外甥喬治有一個(gè)儲(chǔ)蓄罐，但總是空空的。我給了不少50便士的硬幣，但沒有幾個(gè)存到儲(chǔ)蓄罐里。昨

天，我給了他50便士讓存起來，卻拿這錢給自己買了50便士的麻煩。在他去糖果店的路匕50便士掉在地

上，在人行道上跳了幾下，掉進(jìn)了陰溝里。喬治脫掉外套，卷起袖子，將右胳膊伸進(jìn)了陰溝蓋。但他摸了半天

也沒找到那50便士硬幣，他的胳膊反倒退不出來了。這時(shí)在他周圍上了許多人，一位女士在喬治胳膊上抹了

肥皂，黃油，但喬治的胳膊仍然卡得緊緊的。有人打鬼話叫來消防隊(duì)，兩位消防隊(duì)員使用了一種特殊的潤滑劑

才使喬治得以解脫。不過，此事并沒使喬治過于傷心，因?yàn)樘枪昀习迥锫犝f了他遇到的麻煩后，賞給他一大

盒巧克力。

Lesson16Maryhadalittlelamb

MaryandherhusbandDimitrilivedinthetinyvillageofPerachorainsouthernGreece.OneofMary'sprize

possessionswasalittlewhiteIambwhichherhusbandhadgivenher.Shekeptittiedtoatreeinafieldduringtheday

andwenttofetchiteveryevening.Oneevening,however,thelambwasmissing.Theropehadbeencut,soitwas

obviousthatthelambhadbeenstolen.WhenDimitricameinfromthefields,hiswifetoldhimwhathadhappened.

Dimitriatoncesetouttofindthethief.

Heknewitwouldnotprovedifficultinsuchasmallvillage.Aftertellingseveralofhisfriendsaboutthetheft,

Dimitrifoundoutthathisneighbour,Aleko,hadsuddenlyacquiredanewlamb.DimitriimmediatelywenttoAleko's

houseandangrilyaccusedhimofstealingthelamb.Hetoldhimhehadbetterreturnitorhewouldcallthepolice.

AlekodeniedtakingitandledDimitriintohisback-yard.Itwastruethathehadjustboughtalamb,heexplained,but

hislambwasblack.Ashamedofhavingactedsorashly,DimitriapologizedtoAlekoforhavingaccusedhim.While

theyweretalkingitbegantorainandDimitristayedinAleko'shouseuntiltherainstopped.Whenhewentoutside

halfanhourlater,hewasastonishedtofindthatthelittleblacklambwasalmostwhite.Itswool,whichhadbeendyed

black,hadbeenwashedcleanbytherain!

瑪麗與丈夫迪米特里住在希臘南部一個(gè)叫波拉考拉的小村莊里?，旣愖钫滟F的財(cái)產(chǎn)之一就是丈夫送給她的一

只白色小羔羊。白天，瑪麗把羔羊拴在地里的一顆樹上，每天晚上把它牽回家。可是，一天晚上，那只小羔羊

失蹤了。繩子被人割斷，很明顯小羔羊是被人偷走了。

迪米特里從地里回來，妻子把情況跟他一說，他馬上出去找偷羔羊的人。他知道在這樣一個(gè)小村莊里抓住

小偷并不困難。把失竊的事告訴幾個(gè)朋友后，迪米特里發(fā)出他的鄰居阿列科家突然多了一只小羔羊。迪米特里

立刻去了阿列科家，氣呼呼地指責(zé)他偷了羔羊，告訴他最好把羊交還，否則就去叫警察。阿列科不承認(rèn)，并把

迪米特里領(lǐng)進(jìn)院子。不錯(cuò)，他的確剛買了一只羔羊，阿列科解釋說，但他的羔羊是黑色的。迪米特里為自己的

魯莽而感到不好意思，向阿列科道了歉，說是錯(cuò)怪了他。就在他倆說話的時(shí)候，天下起了雨，迪米特里便呆在

阿列科家里避雨，一直等到雨停為止。半小時(shí)后，當(dāng)他從屋里出來時(shí)，他驚奇地發(fā)現(xiàn)小黑羔羊全身幾乎都變成

白色。原來羊毛上染的黑色被雨水沖掉了！

Lesson17Thelongestsuspensionbridgeintheworld

Verrazano,anItalianaboutwhomlittleisknown,sailedintoNewYorkHarbourin1524andnamedit

Angouleme.Hedescribeditas'averyagreeablesituationlocatedwithintwosmallhillsinthemidstofwhichfloweda

greatriver.1ThoughVerrazanoisbynomeansconsideredtobeagreatexplorer,hisnamewillprobablyremain

immortal,foronNovember21st,1964,thegreatestbridgeintheworldwasnamedafterhim.

TheVerrazanoBridge,whichwasdesignedbyOthmarAmmann,joinsBrooklyntoStatenIsland.Ithasaspanof

4260feet.Thebridgeissolongthattheshapeoftheearthhadtobetakenintoaccountbyitsdesigner.Twogreat

towerssupportfourhugecables.Thetowersarebuiltonimmenseunderwaterplatformsmadeofsteelandconcrete.

Theplatformsextendtoadepthofover100feetunderthesea.Thesealonetooksixteenmonthstobuild.Abovethe

surfaceofthewater,thetowersrisetoaheightofnearly700feet.Theysupportthecablesfromwhichthebridgehas

beensuspended.Eachofthefourcablescontains26,108lengthsofwire.Ithasbeenestimatedthatifthebridgewere

packedwithcars,itwouldstillonlybecarryingathirdofitstotalcapacity.However,sizeandstrengtharenottheonly

importantthingsaboutthisbridge.Despiteitsimmensity,itisbothsimpleandelegant,fulfillingitsdesigner'sdream

tocreate'anenormousobjectdrawnasfaintlyaspossible1.

1524年，一位鮮為人知的意大利人維拉薩諾駕船駛進(jìn)紐約港，并將該港名為安古拉姆。他對(duì)該港作了這樣的

描述：“地理位置十分適宜，位于兩座小山的中間，一條大河從中間流過“。雖然維拉薩諾絕對(duì)算不上一個(gè)偉大

的探險(xiǎn)家，但他的名字將流芳百世，因?yàn)?964年11月21日建成的一座世界上最長的吊橋是以他的名字命名。

維拉薩諾大橋由奧斯馬.阿曼設(shè)計(jì)，連結(jié)著布魯克林與斯塔頓島，橋長4,260英尺。由于橋身太長，設(shè)計(jì)者

不得不考慮了地表的形狀。兩座巨塔支撐著4根粗大的鋼纜。塔身建在巨大的水卜鋼盤混凝土平臺(tái)上。平臺(tái)深

入海底100英尺。僅這兩座塔就花了16個(gè)月才建成。塔身高出水面將近700英尺。高塔支撐著鋼纜，而鋼纜

又懸吊著大橋，4根鋼纜中的每根由26,108股鋼繩組成。據(jù)估計(jì)，若橋上擺滿了汽車，也只不過是橋的總承

載力的1/3。然而，這座橋重要特點(diǎn)不僅是它的規(guī)模與強(qiáng)度。盡管此橋很大，但它的結(jié)構(gòu)簡單，造型優(yōu)美，實(shí)

現(xiàn)了設(shè)計(jì)者企圖創(chuàng)造?個(gè)“盡量用細(xì)線條勾畫出一個(gè)龐然大物”的夢(mèng)想。

Lesson18Electriccurrentsinmodernart

Modernsculpturerarelysurprisesusanymore.Theideathatmodernartcanonlybeseeninmuseumsis

mistaken.Evenpeoplewhotakenointerestinartcannothavefailedtonoticeexamplesofmodernsculptureon

displayinpublicplaces.Strangeformsstandingardens,andoutsidebuildingsandshops.Wehavegotquiteusedto

them.Someso-called'modern'pieceshavebeenondisplayfornearlyfiftyyears.

Inspiteofthis,somepeople—includingmyself—weresurprisedbyarecentexhibitionofmodernsculpture.The

firstthingIsawwhenIenteredtheartgallerywasanoticewhichsaid:'Donottouch（heexhibits.Someofthemare

dangerous!*Theobjectsondisplaywerepiecesofmovingsculpture.Oddlyshapedformsthataresuspendedfromthe

ceilingandmoveinresponsetoagustofwindarequitefamiliartoeverybody.Theseobjects,however,weredifferent.

Linedupagainstthewall,therewerelongthinwiresattachedtometalspheres.Thesphereshadbeenmagnetizedand

attractedorrepelledeachotherallthetime.Inthecentreofthehall,therewereanumberoftallstructureswhich

containedcolouredlights.Theselightsflickeredcontinuouslyliketrafficlightswhichhavegonemad.Sparkswere

emittedfromsmallblackboxesandredlampsflashedonandoffangrily.Itwasratherlikeanexhibitionofprehistoric

electronicequipment.ThesePeculiarformsnotonlyseemeddesignedtoshockpeopleemotionally,buttogivethem

electricshocksaswell!

現(xiàn)代雕塑不再使我們感到驚訝了。那種認(rèn)為現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)只能在博物館里才能看到的觀點(diǎn)是錯(cuò)誤的。即使是對(duì)藝

術(shù)不感興趣的人也不會(huì)注意到在公共場(chǎng)所展示的現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)品。公園里、大樓和商店外豎立著的奇形怪狀的雕塑，

對(duì)這些，我們已經(jīng)司空見慣了。有些所謂的“現(xiàn)代”藝術(shù)品在那里已經(jīng)陳列了近80年了。

盡管如此，最近舉辦的一次現(xiàn)代雕塑展覽還是使一些人（包括我在內(nèi)）大吃了一驚。走進(jìn)展廳首先看到的

是一張告示，上面寫著“切勿觸摸展品，某些展品有危險(xiǎn)！”展品都是些活動(dòng)的雕像。人們所熟悉的是懸掛在天

花板上、造型奇特、隨風(fēng)飄蕩的雕塑品。這些展品卻使人大開眼界。靠墻排列著許多細(xì)長的電線，而電線又連

著金屬球。金屬球經(jīng)過磁化，互相之間不停地相互吸引或相互排斥。展廳中央是裝有彩色燈泡的許多高高的構(gòu)

件，燈泡一刻不停地閃爍著，就像失去了控制的紅綠燈。小黑盒子里迸出火花，紅色燈泡發(fā)怒似地忽明忽暗。

這兒倒像是在展覽古老的電子設(shè)備。好像設(shè)計(jì)這些奇形怪狀的展品不僅是為了給人感情上的強(qiáng)烈刺激，而且還

想給人以電擊似的！

Lesson19Averydearcat

KidnappersarerarelyinterestedinAnimals,buttheyrecentlytookconsiderableinterestinMrsEleanorRamsay's

cat.MrsEleanorRamsay,averywealthyoldlady,hassharedaflatwithhercat,Rastus,foragreatmanyyears.

Rastusleadsanorderlylife.Heusuallytakesashortwalkintheeveningsandisalwayshomebyseveno'clock.One

evening,however,hefailedtoarrive.MrsRamsaygotveryworried.Shelookedeverywhereforhimbutcouldnotfind

him.

ThreedayafterRastus*disappearance,MrsRamsayreceivedananonymousletter.ThewriterstatedthatRastus

wasinsafehandsandwouldbereturnedimmediatelyifMrsRamsaypaidaransomof&1000.MrsRamsaywas

instructedtoplacethemoneyinacardboardboxandtoleaveitoutsideherdoor.Atfirst,shedecidedtogotothe

police,butfearingthatshewouldneverseeRastusagain—theletterhadmadethatquiteclear—shechangedhermind.

Shedrew&1000fromherbankandfollowedthekidnapper'sinstructions.Thenextmorning,theboxhaddisappeared

butMrsRamsaywassurethatthekidnapperwouldkeephisword.Sureenough,Rastusarrivedpunctuallyatseven

o'clockthatevening.Helookedverywell,thoughhewasratherthirsty,forhedrankhalfabottleofmilk.Thepolice

wereastoundedwhenMrsRamsaytoldthemwhatshehad

done.SheexplainedthatRastuswasverydeartoher.Consideringtheamountshepaid,hewasdearinmorewaysthan

one!

綁架者很少對(duì)動(dòng)物感興趣。最近，綁架者卻盯上了埃莉諾.拉姆齊太太的貓。埃莉諾.拉姆齊太太是一個(gè)非常富

有的老婦人，多年來，一直同她養(yǎng)的貓拉斯一起住在一所公寓里。拉斯特斯生活很有規(guī)律，傍晚常常出去溜達(dá)

一會(huì)兒，并且總是在7點(diǎn)鐘以前回來?？墒?，有一天晚上，它出去后再也沒回來。拉姆齊太太急壞了，四處尋

找，但沒有找著。

拉斯特斯失蹤3天后，拉姆齊太太收到一封匿名信。寫信人聲稱拉斯特斯安然無恙，只要拉姆齊太太愿意

支付1,000英鎊贖金，可以立即將貓送還。他讓拉姆齊太太把錢放在一個(gè)紙盒里，然后將紙盒放在門口。一開

始拉姆齊太太打算報(bào)告警察，但又害怕再也見不到拉斯特斯——這點(diǎn)，信上說得十分明白——于是便改變了主

意。她從銀行取出1,000英鎊，并照綁架者的要求做了。第二天早晨，放錢的盒子不見了。但拉姆齊太太確信

綁架者是會(huì)履行諾言的。果然，當(dāng)天晚上7點(diǎn)正，拉斯特斯準(zhǔn)時(shí)回來了。它看上去一切正常，只是口渴得很，

喝了半瓶牛奶。拉姆齊太太把她所做的事告訴了警察，警察聽后大為吃驚。拉姆齊太太解釋說她心疼她的貓拉

斯特斯。想到她所花的那筆錢，她的心疼就具有雙重意義了。

Lesson20Pioneerpilots

In1908LordNorthcliffeofferedaprizeof&1000tothefirstmanwhowouldflyacrosstheEnglishChannel.

Overayearpassedbeforethefirstattemptwasmade.OnJuly19th,1909,intheearlymorning,HubertLathamtook

offfromtheFrenchcoastinhisplanethe'AntoinetteIV.He

hadtravelledonlysevenmilesacrosstheChannelwhenhisenginefailedandhewasforcedtolandonthesea.The

'Antoinette'floatedonthewateruntilLathamwaspickedupbyaship.

Twodayslater,LouisBleriotarrivednearCalaiswithaplanecalled*No.XI*.Bleriothadbeenmakingplanes

since1905andthiswashislatestmodel.Aweekbefore,hehadcompletedasuccessfuloverlandflightduringwhich

hecoveredtwenty-sixmiles.Latham,howeverdidnotgiveupeasily.He,too,arrivednearCalaisonthesameday

withanew'Antonette*.ItlooksasiftherewouldbeanexcitingraceacrosstheChannel.Bothplanesweregoingto

takeoffonJuly25th,butLathamfailedtogetupearlyenough.Aftermakingashorttestflightat4.15a.m.,Bleriotset

offhalfanhourlater.Hisgreatflightlastedthirtysevenminutes.WhenhelandednearDover,thefirstpersontogreet

himwasalocalpoliceman.LathammadeanotherattemptaweeklaterandgotwithinhalfamileofDover,buthewas

unluckyagain.Hisenginefailedandhelandedontheseaforthesecondtime.

1908年，諾斯克利夫勛爵拿出1,000英鎊，作為對(duì)第一個(gè)飛越英吉利海峽的人的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。然而一年多過去了才

有人出來嘗試。1909年7月19日凌晨，休伯特.萊瑟姆駕駛“安特瓦特4號(hào)”飛機(jī)從法國海岸起飛，但他只在海

峽匕空飛行7英里，引擎就發(fā)生了故障，他只好降落在海面上?！鞍蔡赝咛亍碧?hào)飛機(jī)在海上漂浮，后來有船經(jīng)過，

萊瑟姆方才獲救。

兩天之后，路易斯.布萊里奧駕駛一名為“11號(hào)”的飛機(jī)來到加來附近。布萊里奧從1905年起便開始研制飛

機(jī)，"11號(hào)''飛機(jī)是他制作的最新型號(hào)。一周以前，他曾成功地進(jìn)行了一次26英里的陸上飛行。但是萊瑟姆不

肯輕易罷休。同一天，他駕駛一架新的“安特瓦特”號(hào)飛機(jī)來到了加來附近?？磥頃?huì)有一場(chǎng)激烈的飛越英吉利海

峽的競(jìng)爭。兩天飛機(jī)都打算在7月25日起飛，但萊瑟姆那天起床晚了。布萊里奧凌晨4點(diǎn)15分作了一次短距

離試飛，半小時(shí)后便正式出發(fā)了。他這次偉大的飛行持續(xù)37分鐘。當(dāng)他在多佛著陸后，第一個(gè)迎接他的是當(dāng)

地一名警察。萊瑟姆一周以后也作了一次嘗試，匕到離多佛不到半英里的地方。這次他乂遭厄運(yùn)，因引擎故障

第二次降落在海面上。

Lesson21DanielMendoza

BoxingmatcheswereverypopularinEnglandtwohundredyearsago.Inthosedays,boxersfoughtwithbare

fistsforPrizemoney.Becauseofthis,theywereknownas'prize-fighters'.However,boxingwasverycrude,forthere

werenorulesandaprize-fightercouldbeseriouslyinjuredorevenkilledduringamatch.

OneofthemostcolourfulfiguresinboxinghistorywasDanielMendozawhowasbornin1764.Theuseof

gloveswasnotintroduceduntil1860whentheMarquisofQueensberrydrewupthefirstsetOfrules.Thoughhewas

technicallyaprize-fighter,Mendozadidmuchtochangecrudeprize-fightingintoasport,forhebroughtsciencetothe

game.Inhisday,Mendozaenjoyedtremendouspopularity.Hewasadoredbyrichandpooralike.Mendozaroseto

fameswiftlyafteraboxing-matchwhenhewasonlyfourteenyearsold.ThisattractedtheattentionofRichard

HumphrieswhowasthenthemosteminentboxerinEngland.HeofferedtotrainMendozaandhisyoungpupilwas

quicktolearn.Infact,MendozasoonbecamesosuccessfulthatHumphriesturnedagainsthim.Thetwomen

quarrelledbitterlyanditwasclearthattheargumentcouldonlybesettledbyafight.AmatchwasheldatStilton

wherebothmenfoughtforanhour.ThepublicbetagreatdealofmoneyonMendoza,buthewasdefeated.Mendoza

metHumphriesintheringonalateroccasionandhelostfbrasecondtime.Itwasnotuntilhisthirdmatchin1790

thathefinallybeatHumphriesandbecameChampionofEngland.Meanwhile,hefoundedahighlysuccessful

AcademyandevenLordByronbecameoneofhispupils.Heearnedenormoussumsofmoneyandwaspaidasmuch

as&100forasingleappearance.Despitethis,hewassoextravagantthathewasalwaysindebt.Afterhewasdefeated

byaboxercalledGentlemanJackson,hewasquicklyforgotten.Hewassenttoprisonforfailingtopayhisdebtsand

diedinpovertyin1836.

兩百年前，拳擊比賽在英國非常盛行。當(dāng)時(shí)，拳擊手們不戴手套，為爭奪獎(jiǎng)金而搏斗。因此，他們被稱作“職

業(yè)拳擊手”。不過，拳擊是十分野蠻的，因?yàn)楫?dāng)時(shí)沒有任何比賽規(guī)則，職業(yè)拳擊手有可能在比賽中受重傷，甚

至喪命。

拳擊史上最引人注目的人物之一是丹尼爾?門多薩，他生于1764年。1860年昆斯伯里侯爵第?次為拳擊比

賽制定了規(guī)則，拳擊比賽這才用上了手套。雖然門多薩嚴(yán)格來講不過是個(gè)職'也拳擊手，但在把這種粗野的拳擊

變成一種體育運(yùn)動(dòng)方面，他作出了重大貢獻(xiàn)。是他把科學(xué)引進(jìn)了這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)。門多薩在的全盛時(shí)期深受大家歡迎，

無論是富人還是窮人都對(duì)他祟拜備至。

門多薩在14歲時(shí)參加一場(chǎng)拳擊賽后一舉成名。這引起當(dāng)時(shí)英國拳壇名將理查德.漢弗萊斯的注意。他主

動(dòng)提出教授門多薩，而年少的門多薩一學(xué)就會(huì)。事實(shí)上，門多薩不久便名聲大振，致使?jié)h弗萊斯與他反目為敵。

兩個(gè)人爭吵不休，顯而易見，只有較量一番才能解決問題。于是兩人在斯蒂爾頓設(shè)下賽場(chǎng)，廝打了一個(gè)小時(shí)。

公眾把大筆賭注下到了門多薩身上，但他卻輸了。后來，門多薩與漢弗萊斯再次在拳擊場(chǎng)上較量，門多薩又輸

了?場(chǎng)。直到1790年他們第3次對(duì)壘，門多薩才終于擊敗漢弗萊斯，成了全英拳擊冠軍。同時(shí)，他建立了一

所拳擊學(xué)校，辦得很成功，連拜倫勛爵也成了他的學(xué)生。門多薩掙來大筆大筆的錢，一次出場(chǎng)費(fèi)就多可達(dá)100

英鎊。盡管收入不少，但他揮霍無度，經(jīng)常債臺(tái)高筑。他在被一個(gè)叫杰克遜紳士的拳擊手擊敗后很快被遺忘。

他因無力還債而被捕入獄，最后于1836年在貧困中死去。

Lesson22Byheart

Someplaysaresosuccessfulthattheyrunforyearsonend.Inmanyways,thisisunfortunateforthepooractors

whoarerequiredtogoonrepeatingthesamelinesnightafternight.Onewouldexpectthemtoknowtheirpartsby

heartandneverhavecausetofalter.Yetthisisnotalwaysthecase.

Afamousactorinahighlysuccessfulplaywasoncecastintheroleofanaristocratwhohadbeenimprisonedin

theBastillefortwentyyears.Inthelastact,agaolerwouldalwayscomeonto

thestagewithaletterwhichhewouldhandtotheprisoner.Eventhoughthenoblewasexpectedtoreadtheletterat

eachperformance,healwaysinsistedthatitshouldbewrittenoutinfull.Onenight,thegaolerdecidedtoplayajoke

onhiscolleaguetofindoutif,aftersomanyperformances,hehadmanagedtolearnthecontentsoftheletterbyheart.

Thecurtainwentuponthefinalactoftheplayandrevealedthearistocratsittingalonebehindbarsinhisdarkcell.

Justthen,thegaolerappearedwiththepreciousletterinhishands.Heenteredthecellandpresentedthelettertothe

aristocrat.Butthecopyhegavehimhadnotbeenwrittenoutinfullasusual.Itwassimplyablanksheetofpaper.The

gaolerlookedoneagerly,anxioustoseeifhisfellow-actorhadatlastlearnthislines.Thenoblestaredattheblank

sheetofpaperforafewseconds.Then,squintinghiseyes,hesaid:'Thelightisdim.Readthelettertome.*Andhe

promptlyhandedthesheetofpapertothegaoler.Findingthathecouldnotrememberawordofthelettereither,the

gaolerreplied:'Thelightisindeeddim,sire.Imustgetmyglasses.'Withthis,hehurriedoffthestage.Muchtothe

aristocrat'samusement,thegaolerreturnedafewmomentslaterwithapairofglassesandtheusualcopyoftheletter

whichheproceededtoreadtotheprisoner.

有些劇目十分成功，以致連續(xù)上演好幾年。這樣一來，可憐的演員們可倒霉了。因?yàn)樗麄冃枰灰惯B著一夜

地重復(fù)同樣的臺(tái)詞。人們以為，這些演員一定會(huì)把臺(tái)詞背得爛熟，絕不會(huì)臨場(chǎng)結(jié)巴的，但情況卻并不總是這樣。

有?位名演員曾在?出極為成功的劇目中扮演?個(gè)貴族角色，這個(gè)貴族已在巴士底獄被關(guān)押了20年。在

最后一幕中，獄卒手持一封信上場(chǎng)，然后將信交給獄中那位貴族。盡管那個(gè)貴族每場(chǎng)戲都得念一遍那封信。但

他還是堅(jiān)持要求將信的全文寫在信紙上。

一天晚上，獄卒決定與他的同事開一個(gè)玩笑，看看他反復(fù)演出這么多場(chǎng)之后，是否已將信的內(nèi)容記熟了。

大幕拉開，最后一?幕戲開演，貴族獨(dú)自?人坐在鐵窗后陰暗的牢房里。這時(shí)獄卒上場(chǎng)，手里拿著那封珍貴的信。

獄卒走進(jìn)牢房，將信交給貴族。但這回獄卒給貴族的信沒有像往常那樣把全文寫全，而是一張白紙。獄卒熱切

地觀察著，急于想了解他的同事是否記熟了臺(tái)詞。貴族盯著紙看了幾秒鐘，然后，眼珠一轉(zhuǎn)，說道：“光線太

暗，請(qǐng)給我讀一下這封信。”說完，他一下子把信遞給獄卒。獄卒發(fā)現(xiàn)自己連一個(gè)字也記不住，于是便說：“陛

下，這兒光線的確太暗了，我得去眼鏡拿來?！彼贿呎f著，?邊匆匆下臺(tái)。貴族感到非常好笑的是：一會(huì)兒

工夫，獄卒重新登臺(tái)，拿來一副眼鏡以及平時(shí)使用的那封信，然后為那囚犯念了起來。

Lesson23Oneman'smeatisanotherman'spoison

Peoplebecomequiteillogicalwhentheytrytodecidewhatcanbeeatenandwhatcannotbeeaten.Ifyoulivedin

theMediterranean,forinstance,youwouldconsideroctopusagreatdelicacy.Youwouldnotbeabletounderstand

whysomepeoplefinditrepulsive.Ontheotherhand,yourstomachwouldturnattheideaoffryingpotatoesinanimal

fat-thenormallyacceptedpracticeinmanynortherncountries.Thesadtruthisthatmostofushavebeenbroughtup

toeatcertainfoodsandwesticktothemallourlives.

Nocreaturehasreceivedmorepraiseandabusethanthecommongardensnail.Cookedinwine,snailsareagreat

luxuryinvariouspartsoftheworld.Therearecountlesspeoplewho,eversincetheirearlyyears,havelearnedto

associatesnailswithfood.Myfriend,Robert,livesinacountrywheresnailsaredespised.Ashisflatisinalargetown,

hehasnogardenofhisown.Foryearshehasbeenaskingmetocollectsnailsfrommygardenandtakethemtohim.

Theideaneverappealedtomeverymuch,butoneday,afteraheavyshower,Ihappenedtobewalkinginmygarden

whenInoticedahugenumberofsnailstakingastrollonsomeofmyprizeplants.Actingonasuddenimpulse,I

collectedseveraldozen,puttheminapaperbag,andtookthemtoRobert.Robertwasdelightedtoseemeandequally

pleasedwithmylittlegift.Ileftthebaginthe

hallandRobertandIwentintotheliving-roomwherewetalkedforacoupleofhours.Ihadforgottenallaboutthe

snailswhenRobertsuddenlysaidthatImuststaytodinner.Snailswould,ofcourse,bethemaindish.Ididnotfancy

theideaandIreluctantlyfollowedRobertoutoftheroom.Toourdismay,wesawthatthereweresnailseverywhere:

theyhadescapedfromthepaperbagandhadtakencompletepossessionofthehall!Ihaveneverbeenabletolookata

snailsincethen.

在決定什么能吃而什么不能吃的時(shí)候，人們往往變得不合情理…比如，如果你住在地中海地區(qū)，你會(huì)把章魚

視作是美味佳肴，同時(shí)不能理解為什么有人一見章魚就惡心。另一方面，你一想到動(dòng)物油炸土豆就會(huì)