新高考2024屆高考英語(yǔ)第一輪專項(xiàng)沖刺限時(shí)集訓(xùn)-閱讀理解（附答案）

新高考2024屆高考英語(yǔ)第一輪專項(xiàng)沖刺限時(shí)集訓(xùn)——閱讀理解

高考英語(yǔ)閱讀七選五題型要求考生從整體上把握文章的邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)和內(nèi)容上的聯(lián)系，理解句子之間、段落之間的關(guān)系，對(duì)諸如連貫性、一致性等語(yǔ)段特征有較強(qiáng)的意識(shí)和熟練的把握，并具備運(yùn)用語(yǔ)法知識(shí)分析理解長(zhǎng)難句的能力?？梢哉f(shuō)，此題型是對(duì)語(yǔ)言能力和閱讀理解能力的綜合測(cè)試。（2023年新高考I卷）PersonalForgivenessTakingresponsibilityformistakesisapositivestep,butdon’tbeatyourselfupaboutthem.Toerr(犯錯(cuò))ishuman.36Youcanusethefollowingwritingexercisetohelpyoudothis.Inajournaloronapieceofpaper,puttheheading“Personalstrengths.”37Areyoucaring?Creative?Generous?Agoodlistener?Funtobearound?Theydon’thavetobeworld-changing,justaspectsofyourpersonalitythatyou’reproudof.Atthetopofasecondpage,puttheheading“Actsofkindness.”O(jiān)nthisone,listallthepositivethingsyou’vedoneforothers.Itmightbethetimewhenyouhelpedafriendwiththeirhomework,whenyoudidtheironingwithoutbeingasked,orwhenyoubakedcookiesafterthefamilyhadhadatiringday.38Youcouldaskafriendorfamilymembertohelpaddtoyourlist.39Thatway,youcouldexchangethoughtsonwhatmakeseachofyouspecialandtheaspectsofyourpersonalitythatshinethrough.Infact,don’twaituntilyou’vemadeamistaketotrythis—it’sagreatwaytoboostself-confidenceatanytime.It’ssomethingofacliché(陳詞濫調(diào))thatmostpeoplelearnnotfromtheirsuccessesbuttheirmistakes.Thethingis,it’strue.40We’reallchangingandlearningallthetimeandmistakesareapositivewaytodevelopandgrow.A．Alittleself-forgivenessalsogoesalongway.B．Nowlistallthecharacteristicsyoulikeaboutyourself.C．Theymightevenliketohaveagoatdoingtheexercise.D．It’sjustasimportanttoshowyourselfsomeforgiveness.E．Itdoesn’tmeanyouhavetoignorewhat’shappenedorforgetit.F．Whateveritis,nomatterhowsmallitmightseem,writeitdown.G．Whateverthemistake,rememberitisn’tafixedaspectofyourpersonality.【正確答案】3637.B37.B38.F39.C40.G【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為一篇說(shuō)明文。文章鼓勵(lì)人們練習(xí)自我寬恕，并提供了一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的寫作練習(xí)來(lái)增強(qiáng)自信。通過(guò)列出個(gè)人的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和善良的行為，人們可以學(xué)會(huì)原諒自己的錯(cuò)誤，并從中成長(zhǎng)。36.空前內(nèi)容“Takingresponsibilityformistakesisapositivestep,butdon’tbeatyourselfupaboutthem.Toerr(犯錯(cuò))ishuman.(為錯(cuò)誤承擔(dān)責(zé)任是積極的一步，但不要因此而自責(zé)。人孰能無(wú)過(guò))”可知，作者認(rèn)為人都會(huì)犯錯(cuò)，勇于承擔(dān)責(zé)任固然重要，但是也不要因此而過(guò)于自責(zé)。結(jié)合空后“Youcanusethefollowingwritingexercisetohelpyoudothis.(你可以使用下面的寫作練習(xí)來(lái)幫助你做到這一點(diǎn))”中的“dothis”以及下文內(nèi)容可推斷，空處應(yīng)該內(nèi)容和“不要太自責(zé)”相似。選項(xiàng)D“It’sjustasimportanttoshowyourselfsomeforgiveness.(寬恕自己也同樣重要)”與“不要太自責(zé)”語(yǔ)意相近，起承上啟下的作用。故選D。37據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“Inajournaloronapieceofpaper,puttheheading“Personalstrengths.”(在日記或紙上寫上“個(gè)人優(yōu)點(diǎn)”)”以及空后內(nèi)容“Areyoucaring?Creative?Generous?Agoodlistener?Funtobearound?Theydon’thavetobeworld-changing,justaspectsofyourpersonalitythatyou’reproudof.(你有愛心嗎？有創(chuàng)造力嗎？你慷慨嗎？是一個(gè)好的傾聽者？與人相處很有趣嗎？它們不一定要改變世界，只要你個(gè)性中讓你感到自豪的方面就行)”可知，空處指的是列出一些你個(gè)性中的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。選項(xiàng)B“Nowlistallthecharacteristicsyoulikeaboutyourself.(現(xiàn)在列出所有你喜歡的自己身上的特點(diǎn))”符合上下文內(nèi)容，下文內(nèi)容具體解釋那些是優(yōu)點(diǎn)。故選B。38根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容“Atthetopofasecondpage,puttheheading“Actsofkindness.”O(jiān)nthisone,listallthepositivethingsyou’vedoneforothers.Itmightbethetimewhenyouhelpedafriendwiththeirhomework,whenyoudidtheironingwithoutbeingasked,orwhenyoubakedcookiesafterthefamilyhadhadatiringday.(在第二頁(yè)的頂部，寫上“善舉”的標(biāo)題。在這張單子上，列出你為別人做過(guò)的所有積極的事情。它可能是當(dāng)你幫助朋友做作業(yè)的時(shí)候，當(dāng)你沒有被要求卻主動(dòng)熨衣服的時(shí)候，或者當(dāng)你在家人累了一天之后烤餅干的時(shí)候)”可知，本段主要講述的是列出一些自己所做的好事。選項(xiàng)F“Whateveritis,nomatterhowsmallitmightseem,writeitdown.(不管是什么，不管它看起來(lái)有多小，都要把它寫下來(lái))”與上文內(nèi)容一致，講述的是不管你所做的事情不管有多小，只要是好的事情，都記下來(lái)。故選F。39.后內(nèi)容“Thatway,youcouldexchangethoughtsonwhatmakeseachofyouspecialandtheaspectsofyourpersonalitythatshinethrough.(這樣，你們就可以交換意見，談?wù)勈鞘裁醋屇銈兠總€(gè)人都與眾不同，以及你們個(gè)性中閃光的方面)”可知，空處提到了某種方式，這種方式會(huì)使得你和朋友們一起交換意見等。選項(xiàng)C“Theymightevenliketohaveagoatdoingtheexercise.(他們甚至可能想試一試做練習(xí))”符合語(yǔ)境，C項(xiàng)中的“they”與空前的“Youcouldaskafriendorfamilymembertohelpaddtoyourlist.(你可以讓朋友或家人幫你增加你的列表內(nèi)容。)”中的“afriendorfamilymember”保持一致，同時(shí)選項(xiàng)C和下文“Infact,don’twaituntilyou’vemadeamistaketotrythis—it’sagreatwaytoboostself-confidenceatanytime.(事實(shí)上，不要等到你犯了錯(cuò)誤才去嘗試這個(gè)——這是一個(gè)在任何時(shí)候都能增強(qiáng)自信的好方法)”中的“this”一致。故選C。40.前內(nèi)容“It’ssomethingofacliché(陳詞濫調(diào))thatmostpeoplelearnnotfromtheirsuccessesbuttheirmistakes.Thethingis,it’strue.(大多數(shù)人不是從他們的成功中學(xué)習(xí)，而是從他們的錯(cuò)誤中學(xué)習(xí)，這是陳詞濫調(diào)。但事實(shí)是，這是真的)”可知，作者認(rèn)為人是從錯(cuò)誤中學(xué)習(xí)。選項(xiàng)G“Whateverthemistake,rememberitisn’tafixedaspectofyourpersonality.(不管你犯了什么錯(cuò)誤，記住這不是你性格中固定的一面)”符合語(yǔ)境，G項(xiàng)中的“isn’tafixedaspectofyourpersonality”和空后內(nèi)容“We’reallchangingandlearningallthetimeandmistakesareapositivewaytodevelopandgrow.(我們一直在改變和學(xué)習(xí)，錯(cuò)誤是一種積極的發(fā)展和成長(zhǎng)的方式)”保持一致，指的都是犯錯(cuò)并不是性格中固有的一面，我們是通過(guò)錯(cuò)誤來(lái)成長(zhǎng)。故選G。

技巧一：從細(xì)節(jié)邏輯上判斷因果關(guān)系

在做題時(shí)最重要的是要讀懂空白前后的句子，明白這幾句話的確切意思，然后根據(jù)意思的連貫性或邏輯性從選項(xiàng)中選取正確答案。在讀懂意思的基礎(chǔ)上，判斷它們之間的關(guān)系來(lái)進(jìn)一步確認(rèn)答案。因果關(guān)系主要指前后的句子有著原因和結(jié)果之間的關(guān)系，這種關(guān)系往往說(shuō)明了前因后果或者前果后因等情況。表示因果關(guān)系的連詞有Asaresult結(jié)果，thus/therefore因此，so(such)...如此以至于等。

技巧二：從細(xì)節(jié)邏輯上判斷轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系

轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系主要指英語(yǔ)行文中后句對(duì)前句構(gòu)成逆轉(zhuǎn)邏輯關(guān)系。如果空格前后兩句話之間是邏輯上的逆轉(zhuǎn)，則空格處很有可能是個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折邏輯的句子。表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的連接詞有：However然而,nevertheless仍然，然而，不過(guò),nonetheless盡管如此，依然，然而,still還；然而,though可是，不過(guò)，然而,yet然而,inspiteof不顧，不管,atanyrate無(wú)論如何，至少,inanycase無(wú)論如何，不管怎樣,whoever無(wú)論是誰(shuí),whatever無(wú)論什么，onthecontrary正相反,incontrast與此相反,相比之下,bycontrast相反,相比之下,incomparison比較起來(lái)，比較地,bycomparison相比之下,conversely相反(地),otherwise否則；除此以外，notbut不是而是，aswell也等。

技巧三：從細(xì)節(jié)邏輯上判斷例證關(guān)系

前后句的某句是為了證明另一句而舉的例子。例證的形式多樣，但就其本質(zhì)而言無(wú)非是思維上的形象（例子、類比等）和抽象（觀點(diǎn)）的辯證關(guān)系，用到的思維過(guò)程無(wú)非就是基本的歸納（從例子到觀點(diǎn)）和推理（從觀點(diǎn)到例子）。

技巧四：從細(xì)節(jié)邏輯上判斷遞進(jìn)關(guān)系

遞進(jìn)關(guān)系主要指英語(yǔ)行文中后句對(duì)前句是一種順承邏輯關(guān)系。如果空格前后兩句話之間是邏輯上的層進(jìn)關(guān)系，則空格處很有可能是個(gè)遞進(jìn)的句子。表示遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的連詞有：also也,而且,further另外(的)；,furthermore而且，此外,likewise同樣地，照樣地；也，又,similarly相似地，類似地,moreover而且再者，此外,inaddition另外，加之,what’smore更重要的是,too也，還,either也,neither兩者都不,notonly…butalso不但…而且等。

技巧五：從細(xì)節(jié)邏輯上判斷平列關(guān)系

表示列舉關(guān)系的有：first首先,第一,second第二,third第三…;firstly第一,首先,secondly第二(點(diǎn))；其次,thirdly第三…;first第一,next其次,then那么,然后…;inthefirstplace第一，首先,inthesecondplace第二,其次…;foronething首先，一則,foranotherthing其次…;tobeginwith首先，第一,toconclude首先，第一等

技巧六：從詞匯線索上判斷代詞

英語(yǔ)表達(dá)中的代詞出現(xiàn)的頻率極高，代詞的作用是指代前面提及的名詞或形容詞概念，巧妙利用這樣的指代關(guān)系和根據(jù)代詞的單復(fù)數(shù)差異可以準(zhǔn)確而快速地解題。

技巧七：從詞匯線索上判斷同義詞/近義詞

英語(yǔ)前言后語(yǔ)之間往往有同義詞、近義詞、近義表達(dá)語(yǔ)甚至相同詞匯的重復(fù)使用，這是我們解題的一個(gè)很好的判斷線索。其實(shí)就其本質(zhì)而言，上文講的代詞和下文將涉及的上下義詞和同一范疇詞都是特殊的同義/近義詞。

技巧八：從詞匯線索上判斷上下義詞/同一范疇詞

上下義詞和同一范疇詞就是前者包含了后者，或可以說(shuō)后者是前者的一個(gè)子集。利用前后句中這樣的特殊的同義關(guān)系常?？梢院茌p松地解題。

技巧九：從試題位置上判斷問(wèn)題在段首

假如問(wèn)題出現(xiàn)在段首，它通常是段落主題句。認(rèn)真閱讀后文內(nèi)容，根據(jù)段落一致性原則，查找同義詞或其他相關(guān)的詞，推斷出主題句。另外著重閱讀后文第一兩句，鎖定線索信號(hào)詞，然后在選項(xiàng)中查找相關(guān)特征詞。通常正確答案的最后一句與空白后的第一句在意思上是緊密銜接的，因此這兩句間會(huì)有某種的銜接手段，尤其當(dāng)選項(xiàng)是幾句話時(shí)。

技巧十：從試題位置上判斷問(wèn)題在段尾所選答案是引出下一段的內(nèi)容。如果在選項(xiàng)中找不出與前文之間的關(guān)聯(lián)，此時(shí)可考慮與下一段開頭是否有一定的銜接。認(rèn)真閱讀下一段開頭幾句，看是否與選項(xiàng)的最后一句緊密連接起來(lái)。分析與前文是轉(zhuǎn)折或是對(duì)比關(guān)系。此時(shí)要注意在選項(xiàng)中查找表示轉(zhuǎn)折、對(duì)比的關(guān)聯(lián)詞，同時(shí)注意選項(xiàng)中所講內(nèi)容是否與前文在同一主題上形成對(duì)立、對(duì)比關(guān)系。如果第一段的段尾是空白，要認(rèn)真閱讀，看此處是細(xì)節(jié)還是主題。通常文章第一段要提出文章的主題，如果在段尾提出主題，會(huì)用一些信號(hào)詞如轉(zhuǎn)折詞引出來(lái)，正確答案中應(yīng)有這樣的特征詞。段尾通常是結(jié)論、概括性語(yǔ)句。注意在選項(xiàng)中查找表示結(jié)果、結(jié)論、總結(jié)等的信號(hào)詞，如therefore,asaresult,thus,hence,inshort,tosumup,toconclude,inaword等詞語(yǔ)，選項(xiàng)中也可發(fā)現(xiàn)前文的同義詞句。（2024·湖南永州·統(tǒng)考二模）BenefitsofPersonalityTestsCanidentifyingone’spersonalitytypeusingtheMBTIandotherpersonalityassessmentsreallyhelp?Theymay.36BetterunderstandothersAftertakingapersonalitytestandseeingourresults,wecangainabetterunderstandingofallthedifferentperceptionsandreactionsthatothersmighthavetothesamesituation.37.Nopersonalitytypeis“better”thananyother—justdifferent.Eachperspectivebringssomethingnewandinterestingtothetable.IdentifyourlikesanddislikesMaybewe’vealwayshatedtalkingonthephonebutneverreallyunderstoodwhy.38.ByusingpersonalitytestsliketheMBTI,wecanlearnmoreaboutwherewelieontheextroversion/introversionandthinking/feelingcontinuum(連續(xù)性).Thishelpsusbetterunderstandwhyweprefercertainthingsanddislikeothers.39.Learningmoreaboutourpersonalitytypecanalsohelpusdiscovernewwaystoapproachchallenges.Knowingwhatmightworkbestforourpersonalitytypecangiveusnewideasonhowtosolveproblems,dealwithstress,copewithconflict,andmanageourworkhabits.RecognizeourstrengthsandweaknessesKnowingwhatwearegoodatcanbeimportantinawidevarietyofsituations,whetherwearepickingacollegemajororthinkingaboutrunningforaseatonourlocalschoolboard.Forexample,ifweknowthatweareanISTJ(introverted,sensing,thinking,andjudging)ontheMBTI,wemightrecognizethatcertainaspectsofourpersonalitymightqualifyasstrengthsinsomesituationsandweaknessesinothers.40,itcansometimestripusupinsituationswhereweneedtoletotherpeopletakecontrol.A．HoldontoideasaboutwhoweareB．KnowwhichsituationsareidealforusC．Here’sanoverviewofthemanybenefitsofpersonalitytestsD．WhiletheyrevealtruththatshowcasesdifferentaspectsofpersonalityE．WhileourorganizationalskillsandcarefulnesscanbeamajorstrengthinourworkF．ThisisimportantbecauseweallhavedifferentwaysofseeingandinteractingwiththeworldG．Orperhapswe’vealwaysneededmuchtimetothinkaboutaproblembeforemakingadecision【正確答案】36．C37．F38．G39．B40．E【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了性格測(cè)試的好處。36．根據(jù)上文“Canidentifyingone’spersonalitytypeusingtheMBTIandotherpersonalityassessmentsreallyhelp?Theymay.(用MBTI和其他人格評(píng)估來(lái)識(shí)別一個(gè)人的人格類型真的有幫助嗎？他們可能有幫助。)”可知，上文講述的是性格測(cè)試有好處。選項(xiàng)C“Here’sanoverviewofthemanybenefitsofpersonalitytests(以下是性格測(cè)試諸多好處的概述)”承接上文指出性格測(cè)試有好處，同時(shí)引出下文具體的好處。故選C。37．根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“Aftertakingapersonalitytestandseeingourresults,wecangainabetterunderstandingofallthedifferentperceptionsandreactionsthatothersmighthavetothesamesituation.(在進(jìn)行性格測(cè)試并看到我們的結(jié)果后，我們可以更好地理解其他人對(duì)相同情況的不同看法和反應(yīng)。)”可知，得知自己的性格后，我們可以更好地理解其他人對(duì)相同情況的不同看法和反應(yīng)。選項(xiàng)F“Thisisimportantbecauseweallhavedifferentwaysofseeingandinteractingwiththeworld(這一點(diǎn)很重要，因?yàn)槲覀兌加胁煌目创澜绾团c世界互動(dòng)的方式)”延續(xù)上文內(nèi)容，指出理解不同的人對(duì)相同情況有著不一樣的看法很重要。故選F。38．根據(jù)空前“Maybewe’vealwayshatedtalkingonthephonebutneverreallyunderstoodwhy.(也許我們總是討厭打電話，但從來(lái)沒有真正明白為什么。)”可知，我們并不明白自己討厭某件事的原因。選項(xiàng)G“Orperhapswe’vealwaysneededmuchtimetothinkaboutaproblembeforemakingadecision(或者也許我們?cè)谧鰶Q定之前總是需要很多時(shí)間來(lái)思考問(wèn)題)”與上文內(nèi)容一致，指的是我們也不明白為什么自己在做決定之前總是需要很多時(shí)間來(lái)思考問(wèn)題。故選G。39．空處為小標(biāo)題，為本段主要內(nèi)容。根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容“Learningmoreaboutourpersonalitytypecanalsohelpusdiscovernewwaystoapproachchallenges.Knowingwhatmightworkbestforourpersonalitytypecangiveusnewideasonhowtosolveproblems,dealwithstress,copewithconflict,andmanageourworkhabits.(更多地了解我們的性格類型也可以幫助我們找到應(yīng)對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)的新方法。知道什么最適合我們的性格類型，可以給我們解決問(wèn)題、處理壓力、處理沖突和管理工作習(xí)慣的新思路。)”可知，本段講述的是了解自己的性格類型可以幫助我們找到應(yīng)對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)的新方法，從而了解什么是最適合我們的。選項(xiàng)B“Knowwhichsituationsareidealforus(知道哪些情況對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)是最理想的)”正是本段內(nèi)容的綜述。故選B。40．根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“Forexample,ifweknowthatweareanISTJ(introverted,sensing,thinking,andjudging)ontheMBTI,wemightrecognizethatcertainaspectsofourpersonalitymightqualifyasstrengthsinsomesituationsandweaknessesinothers.(例如，如果我們知道自己在MBTI測(cè)試中屬于ISTJ型(內(nèi)向、敏感、思考和判斷)，我們可能會(huì)意識(shí)到我們性格的某些方面在某些情況下可能是優(yōu)勢(shì)，而在另一些情況下可能是劣勢(shì)。)”可知，上文講述的是我們性格的某些方面在某些情況下可能是優(yōu)勢(shì)，而在其他情況下則可能是劣勢(shì)。而空后內(nèi)容“itcansometimestripusupinsituationswhereweneedtoletotherpeopletakecontrol.(它有時(shí)會(huì)在我們需要讓別人控制的情況下絆倒我們。)”指的是劣勢(shì)，由此可推斷，空處指的應(yīng)該是優(yōu)勢(shì)。選項(xiàng)E“Whileourorganizationalskillsandcarefulnesscanbeamajorstrengthinourwork(雖然我們的組織能力和細(xì)心是我們工作中的一大優(yōu)勢(shì))”指出組織能力和細(xì)心是我們工作中的一大優(yōu)勢(shì)，與下文內(nèi)容邏輯一致，指出這樣的優(yōu)勢(shì)在某些情況下會(huì)成為劣勢(shì)。故選E。刷模擬刷模擬Passage（1）（2024上·廣東深圳·高三統(tǒng)考期末）Ifyou’reafraidtofly,you’reingoodcompany.About40%ofAmericansfeelsomefearatthethoughtofflying.36,thesetipscanhelp.37Exposuretherapyistheideathatbeingexposedtosomethingyou’reafraidofoverandoveragaincalmsdownyourlimbicsystemsoitdoesn’tfireupasfast.Thatcouldmeanlessanxietyinthelongrun.Duringthenight,distractyourselfWhenwe’rereallyanxious,wecan’tthinkstraight.Thekeyistotrytoconnecttoyourrational,thinkingbrain.Whenwereallyfocusonthinking,likedoingamathproblem,ouremotionalbraincalmsdown.TryacrosswordpuzzleorSudoku,readareallyjuicyromancenovelorgetthroughapileofpaperwork.38.Ifyouhitturbulence(氣流),don’tforceyourselftocalmdownDuringaroughflight,youmightbetotakeslow,deepbreathstocalmdown.39

.It’snearlyimpossibletostopyourfight-or-flightresponse,onceit’sbeentriggered.Remindyourselfthatyourbodyishavinganormalresponsetoaperceivedthreat.Consultwithadoctoraboutmedication(冥想),ifyoufeelyoumightneeditTherearemedicationsprettyquicklytakingdownanxiety.

40,talkwithyourprimarycaredoctororapsychiatrist.Trytothinkofamedicationthat’snotjustshort-term,butsomethingthatcanhelpyoubringyourbaselineanxietydown.A．Butdon’ttrytostoptheexperienceB．TrytoholdbackyourfeelingoffearC．IfyoudoneedmedicationtogetonaplaneD．BoardyourflightwithplentyofdistractionsE．Faceyourfear,repeatedlybutinsmalldosesF．Ifyoudidalmostanythingbutcan’tavoidflightsG．That’swhereIagreewithbecausethatexperienceisterrible【正確答案】36．F37．E38．D39．A40．C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了如何克服飛行恐懼，包括面對(duì)恐懼、分散注意力、接受恐懼和尋求醫(yī)療幫助等方法。36．根據(jù)上文“About40%ofAmericansfeelsomefearatthethoughtofflying.(大約40%的美國(guó)人一想到坐飛機(jī)就感到害怕)”引出話題，提到很多人坐飛機(jī)感到害怕。以及下文“thesetipscanhelp.(這些建議會(huì)有所幫助)”提到有幫助的建議。由此可知，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)Ifyoudidalmostanythingbutcan’tavoidflights(如果你做了幾乎所有的事情，但無(wú)法避免航班)起到承上啟下作用，上下文語(yǔ)意連貫。故選F項(xiàng)。37．由該題為段落小標(biāo)題可知，為總結(jié)該段內(nèi)容。該段下文“Exposuretherapyistheideathatbeingexposedtosomethingyou’reafraidofoverandoveragaincalmsdownyourlimbicsystemsoitdoesn’tfireupasfast.Thatcouldmeanlessanxietyinthelongrun.(暴露療法是指，一次又一次地暴露在你害怕的事物中，會(huì)讓你的大腦邊緣系統(tǒng)平靜下來(lái)，這樣它就不會(huì)那么快地興奮起來(lái)。從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來(lái)看，這可能意味著更少的焦慮)”可知，本段講的是一次又一次地暴露在你害怕的事物中。由此可知，E項(xiàng)Faceyourfear,repeatedlybutinsmalldoses.(面對(duì)你的恐懼，反復(fù)但要從小做起)與本段主旨一致，能夠總結(jié)該段內(nèi)容。故選E項(xiàng)。38．根據(jù)上文“TryacrosswordpuzzleorSudoku,readareallyjuicyromancenovelorgetthroughapileofpaperwork.(試試填字游戲或數(shù)獨(dú)游戲，讀一本有趣的浪漫小說(shuō)，或者處理一堆文書工作)”可知，此處提到一些分散自己的注意力的方法。由此可知，D項(xiàng)Boardyourflightwithplentyofdistractions.(帶著很多讓你分心的東西登機(jī))和上文意思一致，為對(duì)上文內(nèi)容的語(yǔ)意遞進(jìn)，上下文緊密連接。故選D項(xiàng)。39．根據(jù)上文“Duringaroughflight,youmightbetotakeslow,deepbreathstocalmdown.(在顛簸的飛行中，你可能需要緩慢地深呼吸來(lái)平靜下來(lái))”可知，此處提到遇到氣流時(shí)的顛簸飛行。以及下文“It’snearlyimpossibletostopyourfight-or-flightresponse,onceit’sbeentriggered.(一旦你的“戰(zhàn)或逃”反應(yīng)被觸發(fā)，你幾乎不可能停止這種反應(yīng))”說(shuō)明你采取行為的結(jié)果。由此可知，A項(xiàng)Butdon’ttrytostoptheexperience(但不要試圖阻止這種體驗(yàn))起到承上啟下作用，上下文語(yǔ)意連貫，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A項(xiàng)。40．根據(jù)上文“Therearemedicationsprettyquicklytakingdownanxiety.(有些藥物能很快消除焦慮)”以及下文“talkwithyourprimarycaredoctororapsychiatrist.(與你的初級(jí)保健醫(yī)生或精神科醫(yī)生談?wù)?”可知，此處提到藥物能很快消除焦慮。由此可知，C項(xiàng)Ifyoudoneedmedicationtogetonaplane(如果你確實(shí)需要藥物才能上飛機(jī))承接上文內(nèi)容，同時(shí)和下文形成一句完整的話，上下文緊密連接，符合語(yǔ)境。故選C項(xiàng)。Passage（2）（2024上·江蘇常州·高三統(tǒng)考期末）Tennisisanincrediblymentalsport.36Butitisalsoanincrediblydifficultsporttoplaywell.Itisveryeasytoself-destruct(自我毀滅)whenplayingtennisifyouletyourexpectationsandegogetthebetterofyou.So,simplyplayingtheballthatisinfrontofyouisthesimplestwaytoapproachthegame,alongwithtakingeachpointatatime.Thatbeingsaid,itismucheasiersaidthandone.37Evenifitisassimpleasplayingtoyouropponent’sbackhandasmuchaspossible,oraimingtohitasmanycrosscourt(對(duì)角線球)ballsasyoucan,itisimportanttohaveaplanofattackifyouwanttobesuccessfulonthecourt.38Youmayhavethebestplanintheworld,butifyouaren’tperformingwellenoughtoexecuteitoryouropponentcottonson(領(lǐng)悟)whatyou’retryingtodo,you’llneedtoadapt,improviseandovercome.Adaptingtonewconditions,courtsurfaces,ballsandplayingstylesisallpartofbecomingabettertennisplayer!39Thismeansyouneedtobeincrediblyresilient(堅(jiān)韌的)toplaygoodtennisandovercomehardship.Don’tbetoomuchbotheredbysomepointsyoulose.Justlearnfromyourmistakesbutnotletthemgetyoudown.Tennisisalsoaboutplayingthebigpointswellandunderstandingthatnotallpointsholdthesameweightacrossthecourseofamatch.Puttingdisappointmentbehindyouandtryingtoplaythenextpointwithapositiveattitudecanbeverydifficulttodo.40A．However,beingflexibleisalsoimportant.B．Youwillalwayshavetohavesomeformofstrategy.C．However,itisakeypartofbecomingabettertennisplayer.D．Itcanbringwithitawholehostofphysicalandmentalbenefits.E．Everybackhandshotyouhitiswhatyouthrowatyouropponent.F．Perhapsthemostobviousbenefitstennisoffersarethephysicalones.G．Thescoringsystemintennismeansyoucanwinmorepointsandstillloseamatch!【正確答案】36．D37．B38．A39．G40．C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了打網(wǎng)球的一些策略和方法。36．根據(jù)上文“Tennisisanincrediblymentalsport.”（網(wǎng)球是一項(xiàng)令人難以置信的腦力運(yùn)動(dòng)。）引出話題，提到網(wǎng)球是腦力運(yùn)動(dòng)。以及下文“Butitisalsoanincrediblydifficultsporttoplaywell.”（但這也是一項(xiàng)非常困難的運(yùn)動(dòng)。）結(jié)合選項(xiàng)D項(xiàng)Itcanbringwithitawholehostofphysicalandmentalbenefits.（它可以帶來(lái)一系列的身體和精神上的好處。）可知，承接上文內(nèi)容，同時(shí)引起下文，起到上下文的承上啟下作用，上下文語(yǔ)意連貫。故選D項(xiàng)。37．根據(jù)上文“Thatbeingsaid,itismucheasiersaidthandone.”（話雖如此，說(shuō)起來(lái)容易做起來(lái)難。）提到說(shuō)起來(lái)容易做起來(lái)難。以及下文“Evenifitisassimpleasplayingtoyouropponent’sbackhandasmuchaspossible,oraimingtohitasmanycrosscourt(對(duì)角線球)ballsasyoucan,itisimportanttohaveaplanofattackifyouwanttobesuccessfulonthecourt.”（即使是盡可能多地打?qū)κ值姆词智颍蛘弑M可能多地打交叉球這樣簡(jiǎn)單的事情，如果你想在球場(chǎng)上取得成功，有一個(gè)進(jìn)攻計(jì)劃是很重要的。）說(shuō)明具體的方法和策略。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)B項(xiàng)Youwillalwayshavetohavesomeformofstrategy.（你總是需要某種形式的策略。）可知，起到上下文的承上啟下作用，上下文緊密連接，符合語(yǔ)境。故選B項(xiàng)。38．由該句為該段句首可知，為總結(jié)該段的內(nèi)容。該段下文“Youmayhavethebestplanintheworld,butifyouaren’tperformingwellenoughtoexecuteitoryouropponentcottonson(領(lǐng)悟)whatyou’retryingtodo,you’llneedtoadapt,improviseandovercome.Adaptingtonewconditions,courtsurfaces,ballsandplayingstylesisallpartofbecomingabettertennisplayer!”（你可能有世界上最好的計(jì)劃，但是如果你的表現(xiàn)不夠好，或者你的對(duì)手不知道你想要做什么，你就需要適應(yīng)、即興發(fā)揮和克服。適應(yīng)新的條件，球場(chǎng)表面，球和打法都是成為一個(gè)更好的網(wǎng)球運(yùn)動(dòng)員的一部分！）可知，主要講的是需要適應(yīng)即興發(fā)揮。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)A項(xiàng)However,beingflexibleisalsoimportant.（然而，靈活性也很重要。）意思一致，為總結(jié)該段內(nèi)容。故選A項(xiàng)。39．根據(jù)下文“Thismeansyouneedtobeincrediblyresilienttoplaygoodtennisandovercomehardship.Don’tbetoomuchbotheredbysomepointsyoulose.Justlearnfromyourmistakesbutnotletthemgetyoudown.”（這意味著你需要非常有韌性才能打好網(wǎng)球，克服困難。不要太在意你丟掉的分?jǐn)?shù)。從錯(cuò)誤中吸取教訓(xùn)，但不要讓它們擊垮你。）說(shuō)明不要太在意你丟掉的分?jǐn)?shù)。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)G項(xiàng)Thescoringsystemintennismeansyoucanwinmorepointsandstillloseamatch!（網(wǎng)球的計(jì)分系統(tǒng)意味著你可以贏得更多的分?jǐn)?shù)，但仍然會(huì)輸?shù)舯荣悾。┛芍?，上下文緊密連接，其中下文中的This指的就是空格處的內(nèi)容，符合語(yǔ)境。故選G項(xiàng)。40．根據(jù)上文“Puttingdisappointmentbehindyouandtryingtoplaythenextpointwithapositiveattitudecanbeverydifficulttodo.”（把失望拋在腦后，努力以積極的態(tài)度打下一分，這是很難做到的。）說(shuō)明努力以積極的態(tài)度打下一分。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)C項(xiàng)However,itisakeypartofbecomingabettertennisplayer.（然而，這是成為一個(gè)更好的網(wǎng)球運(yùn)動(dòng)員的關(guān)鍵部分。）可知，承接上文內(nèi)容，上下文緊密連接，符合語(yǔ)境。故選C項(xiàng)。Passage（3）（2024上·山東聊城·高三統(tǒng)考期末）NewacademicianstakeagroupphotoafterthecertificateawardingceremonyattheChineseAcademyofSciences.36Theyaimedtomakegreatercontributionstothedevelopmentofthenation’sscientificresearchbyencouragingtheyounggenerationandpromotingtheroleoffemalescientists.AcademicianHuangmadethreecommitmentstohimself—tocontributehisenergytoscientificresearch;toapplyhisachievementsinthefields;andtoprovidemoreopportunitiesforyoungpeople.“37Byallowingoutstandingyoungpeopletohavesufficientopportunities,wecanfosteradiversescientificcommunitywithvigorousdebates,”hesaid.AcademicianJianZhiminadvisedyoungstudentsthatpersistenceisthemostvaluablespiritonthepathofscientificresearch.“38Thisdeterminationandperseveranceareessentialinscientificresearch,”hesaid.Outofthe59newlyelectedacademiciansthisyear,fiveofthemarefemalescientists.AcademicianJinKuijuanmentionedthatwomenhaveuniqueperspectives,andrespectingtheroleofwomenisofcrucialsignificance.39.40Forexample,shesaidfundinginstitutionssuchastheNationalNaturalScienceFoundationandtheExcellentYoungScholarsFundhaverelaxedtheiragerestrictions,takingintoconsiderationthetimeandenergywomenneedforchildbirthandchildcare.A．Theyaremoreresilient(有適應(yīng)力的),whichcontributestothedevelopmentofscience.B．Inrecentyears,JinhasnoticedtheincreasingsupportforfemalescientistsinChina.C．Asacademicians,weneedtosharemoreopportunitieswiththeyoungergeneration.D．Shehasbothmaleandfemalestudents,whoareirreplaceabletoeachother.E．The59newlyelectedacademiciansvowedattheceremonyonFriday.F．IhopethehonorIreceivedcaninspiremorefemalestodevelopaninterestinphysics.G．Toachievesuccessinthefieldofscience,themostimportantthingistopersistwithoriginalintention.【正確答案】36．E37．C38．G39．A40．B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章報(bào)道中國(guó)科學(xué)院新當(dāng)選院士以及他們的科研精神和對(duì)于科研事業(yè)的承諾。36．上文“NewacademicianstakeagroupphotoafterthecertificateawardingceremonyattheChineseAcademyofSciences.(新晉院士在中國(guó)科學(xué)院頒證儀式后合影留念。)”描述新晉院士參加頒證儀式的場(chǎng)景，結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，E項(xiàng)“The59newlyelectedacademiciansvowedattheceremonyonFriday.(59位新當(dāng)選的院士在周五的典禮上宣誓就職。)”與上文內(nèi)容相符，說(shuō)明頒證儀式的時(shí)間和相關(guān)宣誓程序，下文“Theyaimedtomakegreatercontributionstothedevelopmentofthenation’sscientificresearchbyencouragingtheyounggenerationandpromotingtheroleoffemalescientists.(他們旨在是通過(guò)鼓勵(lì)年輕一代和提高女科學(xué)家的作用，為國(guó)家的科學(xué)研究的發(fā)展做出更大的貢獻(xiàn)。)”說(shuō)明宣誓相關(guān)內(nèi)容，上下文語(yǔ)意連貫。故選E項(xiàng)。37．根據(jù)下文“Byallowingoutstandingyoungpeopletohavesufficientopportunities,wecanfosteradiversescientificcommunitywithvigorousdebates(讓優(yōu)秀的年輕人有足夠的機(jī)會(huì)，我們可以培育一個(gè)多元化的科學(xué)界，并進(jìn)行激烈的辯論)”可知，黃院士強(qiáng)調(diào)要給年輕人機(jī)會(huì)，C項(xiàng)“Asacademicians,weneedtosharemoreopportunitieswiththeyoungergeneration.(作為院士，我們需要與年輕一代分享更多的機(jī)會(huì)。)”與黃院士觀點(diǎn)一致，句中“Asacademicians,we...”是黃院士的自稱。故選C項(xiàng)。38．上文“persistenceisthemostvaluablespiritonthepathofscientificresearch.(堅(jiān)持是科學(xué)研究道路上最寶貴的精神。)”和下文“Thisdeterminationandperseveranceareessentialinscientificresearch.(這種決心和毅力在科學(xué)研究中是必不可少的。)”強(qiáng)調(diào)“堅(jiān)持”、“決心”和“毅力”，G項(xiàng)“Toachievesuccessinthefieldofscience,themostimportantthingistopersistwithoriginalintention.(要在科學(xué)領(lǐng)域取得成功，最重要的是堅(jiān)持初心。)”中表達(dá)同樣的主旨，句中“persistwithoriginalintention”與上下文內(nèi)容相照應(yīng)。故選G項(xiàng)。39．上文“AcademicianJinKuijuanmentionedthatwomenhaveuniqueperspectives,andrespectingtheroleofwomenisofcrucialsignificance.(金奎娟院士提到，女性有獨(dú)特的視角，尊重女性的作用至關(guān)重要。)”提出女性科學(xué)家的重要性，A項(xiàng)“Theyaremoreresilient(有適應(yīng)力的),whichcontributestothedevelopmentofscience.(他們適應(yīng)力更強(qiáng)，這有助于科學(xué)的發(fā)展。)”承接上文，說(shuō)明女性科學(xué)家的優(yōu)勢(shì)，句中指示代詞“They”指代上文中“women”。故選A項(xiàng)。40．下文“Forexample,shesaidfundinginstitutionssuchastheNationalNaturalScienceFoundationandtheExcellentYoungScholarsFundhaverelaxedtheiragerestrictions,takingintoconsiderationthetimeandenergywomenneedforchildbirthandchildcare.(例如，她說(shuō)，國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金和優(yōu)秀青年學(xué)者基金等資助機(jī)構(gòu)已經(jīng)放寬了年齡限制，考慮到女性生育和照顧孩子所需的時(shí)間和精力。)”提出相關(guān)機(jī)構(gòu)在政策上對(duì)女性科學(xué)家的支持，是對(duì)B項(xiàng)“Inrecentyears,JinhasnoticedtheincreasingsupportforfemalescientistsinChina.(近年來(lái)，金注意到中國(guó)對(duì)女科學(xué)家的支持越來(lái)越多。)”的舉例說(shuō)明，上下文語(yǔ)意連貫。故選B項(xiàng)。Passage（4）（2024上·福建·高三統(tǒng)考期末）Readinganewstoryaloneisoftenagreatwaytorelax.However,sometimesyoujustwanttodiscusswhatyou’vereadwithanotherpersontobringthoseideasoffthepageandintotheworld.36First,findmembers.Whenyoubeginsearchingforyourbookclubmembers,lookintheplacesinyourlifethatfeelmostnaturaltoyou.37Then,maybeit’spostinganoticeonthebulletinboardofyourlocallibraryorbookstore.Ifyou’relookingto“getarangeofperspectives”fromyourclub,youmaywanttoconsiderlookingforadiverserangeofagesandgenders.Theycanbringtheirvariedworldviewstodiscussions.38Willyourtimetogetherbespentlargelyfocusingonthenovelathand,orwillrefreshmentsultimatelybethemostimportant?There’sthetypicalfriendsgatheringatsomeone’sapartmentandhavingcheeseandwineapproach.Butoftentimes,peoplewillbefrustratedbecausetheyjustturnintoasocialeventratherthanfocusingonthebook.Inordertomakesureyournewgroupisallonthesamepage,takethetimetodiscusswhatyouwanttogetoutofregularclubgatheringsbeforeyourfirstofficialmeeting.Pickingbooksmayseemlikethetrickiestpart.Booksthatworkreallywellareonesthatallowyoutoreflectonself.Theyhavealotofentrypointsforpeoplesotheyprobablyhaveagoodsetting.Thepacingissolid.There’sgreatcharacterdevelopmentandthelanguagedoesn’tgetinthewayofthestory.39Beforeyourmeetings,listsomediscussionquestions.Remembertocomeupwithquestionsdependingonyourbook’sgenre:romance,mystery,thrillerandsoon.40Forexample,youmayaskwhichscenehasstuckwiththemthemostorwhetherthereareanystandoutsentences.A．Itisnecessarytosetsomegroupguidelines.B．Here’salookoffourofourfavoritesbelow.C．Tostart,reachouttoyourfriendswholovetoread.D．Therearealsogeneralquestionsyoucanstartoutwith.E．Youcannevergowrongwiththebestsellerlisttogettheballrolling.F．Choosesomethingwiththatcriteriaandyoucanpleaseallkindsofreaders.G．Ifyou’veeverhadtheurgetostartabookclub,it’seasierthanyoumightthink.【正確答案】36．G37．C38．A39．F40．D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹如何創(chuàng)辦讀書俱樂部。36．根據(jù)上文“Readinganewstoryaloneisoftenagreatwaytorelax.However,sometimesyoujustwanttodiscusswhatyou’vereadwithanotherpersontobringthoseideasoffthepageandintotheworld.(獨(dú)自讀一個(gè)新故事通常是一種很好的放松方式。然而，有時(shí)候你只是想和另一個(gè)人討論一下你讀到的東西，把這些想法從書頁(yè)上帶到現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中。)”以及下文“First,findmembers.Whenyoubeginsearchingforyourbookclubmembers,lookintheplacesinyourlifethatfeelmostnaturaltoyou.(首先，尋找成員。當(dāng)你開始尋找你的讀書俱樂部成員時(shí)，看看你生活中感覺最自然的地方。)”可推知設(shè)空處應(yīng)該是關(guān)于組建讀書俱樂部和其他人分享想法，所以G選項(xiàng)“如果你曾經(jīng)有過(guò)創(chuàng)辦讀書俱樂部的沖動(dòng)，這比你想象的要容易得多。”符合題意，承上啟下，故選G。37．根據(jù)小標(biāo)題“First,findmembers.(首先，尋找成員。)”可知本段主要關(guān)于如何尋找成員的，再根據(jù)上文“Whenyoubeginsearchingforyourbookclubmembers,lookintheplacesinyourlifethatfeelmostnaturaltoyou.(當(dāng)你開始尋找你的讀書俱樂部成員時(shí)，看看你生活中感覺最自然的地方。)”可知尋找俱樂部成員可以從身邊入手，C選項(xiàng)“首先，和你喜歡閱讀的朋友們聯(lián)系?！狈媳径沃髦迹薪由衔?，故選C。38．設(shè)空處為本段小標(biāo)題。根據(jù)下文“Willyourtimetogetherbespentlargelyfocusingonthenovelathand,orwillrefreshmentsultimatelybethemostimportant?There’sthetypicalfriendsgatheringatsomeone’sapartmentandhavingcheeseandwineapproach.Butoftentimes,peoplewillbefrustratedbecausetheyjustturnintoasocialeventratherthanfocusingonthebook.Inordertomakesureyournewgroupisallonthesamepage,takethetimetodiscusswhatyouwanttogetoutofregularclubgatheringsbeforeyourfirstofficialmeeting.(你們?cè)谝黄鸬臅r(shí)間會(huì)主要集中在手頭的小說(shuō)上，還是茶點(diǎn)最終是最重要的?有一種典型的朋友聚會(huì)在某人的公寓，吃奶酪和葡萄酒的方式。但通常情況下，人們會(huì)感到沮喪，因?yàn)樗麄冎皇前炎⒁饬Ψ旁谏缃换顒?dòng)上，而不是集中在書上。為了確保你的新團(tuán)隊(duì)都在同一條線上，在你的第一次正式會(huì)議之前，花點(diǎn)時(shí)間討論一下你想從常規(guī)的俱樂部聚會(huì)中得到什么。)”可知本段主要講述要給團(tuán)隊(duì)制定計(jì)劃，A選項(xiàng)“有必要制定一些團(tuán)體指導(dǎo)方針?！狈媳径沃髦?，故選A。39．根據(jù)上文“Pickingbooksmayseemlikethetrickiestpart.Booksthatworkreallywellareonesthatallowyoutoreflectonself.Theyhav