Unit1-高一英語單元速記巧練（譯林版2020）

Unit1Natureinthebalance(必修第三冊)Unit1話題熱帶雨林詞匯1.harmv./n.傷害doharmto對···造成傷害2.region地區(qū)3.sensitive敏感的4.lengthn.長度lengthenv.加長5.varietyn.多種多樣6.survivaln.幸存survivorn.幸存者7.nutrientnutritiousadj.有營養(yǎng)的nutritionn.營養(yǎng)8.disappearv.消失disappearancen.消失9.impactn.影響10.extinctionn.滅絕extinctadj.滅絕的11.globaladj.全球的globallyadv.全球的globalizationn.全球化globen.球體12.drought旱災(zāi)13.applicationn.申請applicantn.申請人14.trackv.追蹤keeptrackof記錄；與…保持聯(lián)系15.resident居民16.chiefadj.主要的chiefly

adv.主要地17.entireadj.全部的entirelyadv.完全地18.profit利潤19.defence辯護(hù)defendv.保衛(wèi)defendern.防衛(wèi)者20.economic經(jīng)濟(jì)有關(guān)的economicaladj.經(jīng)濟(jì)的；節(jié)約的economyn.經(jīng)濟(jì)21.strategy對策22.official正式的officiallyadv.正式地23.poverty貧困24.poison中毒poisonousadj.有毒的poisonern.投毒者25.consequence結(jié)果consequentadj.隨之發(fā)生的短語breathelifeinto帶來活力；注入活力inturn反過來breakdown分解haveanimpacton對.........有影響buildup加強(qiáng)takein吸收；理解；欺騙；收留callfor呼吁springtomind躍入（腦海）getridof擺脫tendto傾向于indefenceof為某人做辯護(hù)=inone'sdefence維護(hù)某?beconcernedabout關(guān)心........takemeasuresto采取措施liftpeopleoutofpoverty使.......脫貧largeamountsof大量的..........doharmto對.........有害giveriseto導(dǎo)致.........goextinct滅絕(be)closetoextinction瀕臨滅絕forinstance例如bepoorin缺乏..........statetheimportanceof陳述.......的重要性advanceeconomicgrowth推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長makeeyecontactwith與.........眼神交流raiseenvironmentalawareness提高環(huán)保意識(shí)atthepriceof以........為代價(jià)liveinharmonywith與........和諧相處句型Asthelargestrainforestintheworld,itplaysasignificantroleinmaintainingthefinebalanceoftheEarth'secosystem.Whilethereadermayfindalargefiguretooabstracttounderstand,makingparisonswithfamiliarplacesorobjectswillhelpthemgainabetterunderstanding.Withpollutionlevelsontherise,theNorgateEnvironmentaProtectionmitteeissearchingforwaystofighttheproblemIt'sourdutytoprotecttheenvironmentwhileweaimforeconomicdevelopment.Whilediscussinginagroup,makeeyecontactwithotherstomakesurethattheycanunderstandandareinterested.Pollutedwaterbodiesnotonlydoharmtoanimalsandplantstheyalsohavealonglastingeffectonhumans.7.Increasingproductioncostswill,inturn,leadtohigherprices.語法省略句寫作倡議書：呼吁人們保護(hù)動(dòng)物知識(shí)點(diǎn)01重點(diǎn)詞匯1.harmn.傷害，損害【用法】對…作出傷害do/causeharmto=beharmfulto吸煙對我們的身體健康有傷害。Smokingdoes/causesharmtoourhealth.做某事是個(gè)好主意/沒有壞處。Thereisnoharmindoingsth.=Itisnoharmtodosth.vt.傷害，損害→adj.harmful有傷害的adj.harmless無害的【運(yùn)用】Thesandstorms______________manyplantsandhouses.沙塵暴對我們很多的植物和房子造成了巨大的傷害?！敬鸢浮縟idgreatharmtoItisgenerallyacceptedthatsmoking_______________ourhealth.普遍被認(rèn)可的是吸煙有害健康?！敬鸢浮縤sharmfultoStayinguplateoftenwill_____________atyourage.在你這個(gè)年齡起床太晚對你不好?！敬鸢浮縟oyouharmecosystemn.生態(tài)系統(tǒng)【用法】n.ecology生態(tài)；生態(tài)學(xué)adj.eco生態(tài)的；環(huán)境的adj.ecofriendly生態(tài)友好的維持地球生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的平衡maintainthebalanceoftheEarth'secosystem【運(yùn)用】Therearehighlysensitiveanddelicatelybalanced_____________intheforest.森林里有高度敏感、靈敏平衡的各種生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。【答案】ecosystemsThis

unique

___________may

soon

be

under

pressure.

這個(gè)獨(dú)特的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)可能很快就會(huì)面臨壓力?！敬鸢浮縠cosystem

3.lengthn.長，長度；時(shí)間的長短；篇幅，（電影）片長【用法】規(guī)律：adj.→n.→v.long→length→lengthenstrong→strength→strengthenhigh→height→heightenwide→width→widendeep→depth→deepen兩米長/寬/高/深twometersinlength/width/height/depth=twometerslong/wide/high/deep終于，最后；詳細(xì)地，充分地atlength=indetail【運(yùn)用】Hewasdisgustedat_____________hehadtowait.他非常討厭要等那么長時(shí)間。【答案】thelengthoftimeWehavealreadydiscussedthismatter______________.我們已經(jīng)十分詳盡地討論了這個(gè)問題。【答案】atgreatlength4.biodiversityn.生物多樣性【用法】n.biology生物學(xué)adj.bio生物的;人生的n.biotechnology生物科技n.biochemistry生物化學(xué)→vt.diversify使多樣化adj.diverse多種多樣的→n.diversity多樣化；差異性【運(yùn)用】Chinaisamountainouscountrywithrich______________.我國是個(gè)多山的國家，擁有豐富的生物多樣性資源?！敬鸢浮縝iodiversityresourcesTheirmitmentwasonlytomaintaintheextentofforests,nottheir_____________.他們僅承諾維持現(xiàn)有森林面積，并不保證林區(qū)生物的多樣性?！敬鸢浮縝iodiversity5.varietyn.不同種類；變化，多樣性；變種，變體【用法】→vi.vary改變，變化在A和B之間變化varyfromAtoB每代人的娛樂方式各不相同。Theentertainmentstylesvaryfromgenerationtogeneration.→adj.various各種各樣的各種各樣的花variousflowers=avarietyofflowers=varietiesofflowers【運(yùn)用】Thistoolcanbeusedin_____________ways.這一工具有多種用途?！敬鸢浮縜varietyofIwasimpressedby______________onoffer.所供應(yīng)的菜肴之豐盛讓我心動(dòng)。【答案】thevarietyofdishes6.toweringadj.高大的，高聳的；出色的【用法】出色的表演toweringperformance→towern.塔樓vi.(towerover/above)高于；超過；勝過；遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過他的個(gè)兒比班里其他同學(xué)都要高。Hetoweredoverallhisclassmates.她遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過同時(shí)代的舞蹈演員。Shetowersoverotherdancersofhergeneration.【運(yùn)用】Heremains_______________inmodernBritishpolitics...他在現(xiàn)代英國政壇上一直是位杰出的人物?！敬鸢浮縜toweringfigureIsawherin_____________onlyonce.我只有一次見過她大發(fā)雷霆?！敬鸢浮縜toweringrage7.survive【用法】vi.生存，存活靠...生存surviveonsthvt.幸存，幸免于難在地震/災(zāi)難中幸免遇難survivetheearthquake/disaster→n.survival幸存生存技巧survivalskillsn.survivor幸存者聯(lián)想記憶：refuse→refusalarrive→arrivalremove→removalapprove→approvalpropose→proposal【運(yùn)用】Afterhe________theearthquake,theoldmanbecameoneofthe________andhis________broughthisoldfriendsaverymerrymoment.【答案】survived;survivors;survival8.inturn相應(yīng)地，轉(zhuǎn)而【用法】①相應(yīng)地，轉(zhuǎn)而增加生產(chǎn)會(huì)繼而增加利潤。Increasedproductionwill,inturn,leadtoincreasedprofits.②依次；輪流（taketurnstodosth=dosthinturn)讓我們輪流擦黑板吧。Let'scleantheblackboardinturn.【運(yùn)用】TheIndians,___________,werecharmedbythefamousauthor'sculturedandcivilizedoutlook而印第安人呢，則為那位著名作家有教養(yǎng)的、開化的見解而折服?！敬鸢浮縤nturnThestudentsweresummoned_________tobeinterviewed.學(xué)生依次被召入進(jìn)行口試?！敬鸢浮縤nturn9.breakdown使分解（為）【用法】分解；使變化Sugarandstarcharebrokendowninthestomach.糖和淀粉在胃里分解。（機(jī)器）出故障Thecarbrokedownonthefreeway.車在高速公路上出故障了。（談判、計(jì)劃等）失敗Peacetalkshavebrokendownwithnoagreementreached.和平談判因沒有達(dá)成一致而失敗?？宓鬑ishealthbrokedownduetooverwork.由于超負(fù)荷工作，他的身體垮掉了。補(bǔ)充短語：breakinto強(qiáng)行闖入，撬開breakoff斷開；折斷；中斷breakout爆發(fā)breakthrough突破；突圍breakup分手；（關(guān)系）破裂【運(yùn)用】Wearegoingtohaveagettogetherbeforewe__________forthesummervacation.A.breakdownB.breakoutC.breakthroughD.breakup【答案】DTheputersystem_____suddenlywhilehewassearchingforinformationontheInternet.A.brokedownB.brokeoutC.brokeupD.brokein【答案】AAfteralongtimeofhardwork，healmost_____________.長時(shí)間艱苦勞動(dòng)之后，他的身體幾乎垮了?！敬鸢浮縝rokedown10.breathelifeinto給…帶來起色，注入活力【用法】他的到來給公司注入了活力。Hisingbreatheslifeintothepany.【運(yùn)用】Ateachershouldtryto___________hissubject.一個(gè)老師應(yīng)該給他的課程注入活力?！敬鸢浮縝reathelifeinto新任首席執(zhí)行官的創(chuàng)造性方法確實(shí)為這個(gè)失敗的公司帶來起色。【答案】ThenewCEO'screativeapproachreallybreathednewlifeintothatfailingpany.11.thusadv.因此，從而；這樣【用法】大學(xué)擴(kuò)招了，這樣就使更多的人有機(jī)會(huì)接受高等教育。Theuniversitieshaveexpanded,thusallowingmorepeoplethechanceofhighereducation.我們不是這棟樓房的房主，因此我們不能賣它。Wedonotownthebuilding.Thus,wecan'tsellit.【運(yùn)用】Someonehadremovedalltheevidence;__________,itwasnowimpossibleforthepolicetocontinuetheirinvestigation.有人拿走了所有的證據(jù)。因此，警方現(xiàn)在不可能繼續(xù)調(diào)查?！敬鸢浮縯hus鍛煉使我們更加饑餓，因此我們的食物供應(yīng)耗盡了?！敬鸢浮縀xercisemadeusmorehungry

andthus

ourfoodsuppliesranout.12.dueto由于，因?yàn)椤居梅ā客x詞：dueto=becauseof=asaresultof=onaccountof=owingto=becauseof這個(gè)孩子害怕上學(xué)，因?yàn)樗痪砣胄@欺凌事件中了。Theboyisafraidofgoingtoschoolduetothefactthathewascaughtupinschoolbullying.詞組：①beduetodosth預(yù)計(jì)要做某事表演預(yù)計(jì)7點(diǎn)開始。Theshowisduetobeginat7.②beduetosb應(yīng)給予某人（錢或功勞）他們得到了他們應(yīng)得的錢。Theyhavegotthemoneythatisduetothem.【運(yùn)用】Theaccidentwas_________carelessdriving．這次車禍起因于駕駛疏忽．【答案】dueto___________petitionsamongtravelagencies,travelexpenseshavebeenconsiderablyreduced.【答案】duetoimpact【用法】n.影響，作用；撞擊，沖撞對...（沒）有影響have/makean/noimpactonvi.&vt.有影響；沖擊受到...影響beimpactedby【運(yùn)用】Herfather'sdeathimpactedgreatly__________herchildhoodyears.父親去世對她的童年造成巨大影響?！敬鸢浮縪nTheysaytheyexpectthemeetingtohaveamarked_________onthefutureofthecountry他們稱他們預(yù)期會(huì)議對國家的未來會(huì)產(chǎn)生顯著影響?！敬鸢浮縤mpact14.extinctionn.滅絕，絕種【用法】→adj.extinct不再存在的，已滅絕的一個(gè)已滅絕的物種anextinctspecies有消亡危險(xiǎn)的部落atribeindangerofextinction【運(yùn)用】Thesocietywassetuptopreserveendangeredspeciesfrom____________.成立這個(gè)協(xié)會(huì)是為了保護(hù)瀕危物種不致滅絕。【答案】extinctionTheisland'swayoflifeisdoomedto____________.這個(gè)島上的生活方式注定要消失。【答案】extinction15.damage【用法】vt.損害，傷害，損壞，破壞損害某人的健康名譽(yù)damageone'shealth/reputationn.損害，傷害，損壞，破壞對...造成損害do/causedamageto【辨析】damage指部分性“破壞”“損壞”，可修復(fù)destroy指徹底、不能或很難修復(fù)的“破壞”“損壞”ruin指嚴(yán)重的“毀壞”，側(cè)重破壞事物的內(nèi)在價(jià)值【運(yùn)用】Bycuttingdowntreeswe______thenaturalhomeofbirdsandanimals.A.harmB.hurtC.injureD.damage【答案】D洪水毀壞了大量農(nóng)作物?！敬鸢浮縏heflooddidalotofdamagetothecrops.16.climaten.氣候；傾向，風(fēng)氣【用法】溫和/暖的氣候amild/warmclimate目前的輿論傾向thecurrentclimateofopinion【運(yùn)用】Climate（氣候）change________mainlybecauseoftoomuchCO2intheair，muchofwhichesfromhumanactivities.A.iscausedB.causedC.causesD.causing【答案】AThe____________hereisquitepleasant，thetemperaturerarelyreaching300Cinsummer．【答案】climate17.buildup逐漸增加，擴(kuò)大【用法】擴(kuò)大詞匯量buildupone'svocabulary增強(qiáng)對...的信心buildupone'sconfidenceinsth強(qiáng)身健體buildupone’sbody【運(yùn)用】他每天騎自行車上班，這對增強(qiáng)他的力量是有益的?！敬鸢浮縃ecyclestoworkonadailybasis，whichisbeneficialtobuilduphisstrength.我們不應(yīng)該看不起他。我們首先要對他樹立起信心，然后幫助他改進(jìn)學(xué)習(xí)方法?！敬鸢浮縒eshouldn'tlookdownuponhim.Weshouldfirstbuildupconfidenceinhimandthenhelphimimprovehiswayofstudy.18.globaladj.全球的；全面的【用法】在數(shù)據(jù)庫中的全面檢索globalsearchesonthedatabase全球變暖globalwarming→adv.globally全球的；全局地；世界上n.globe地球；地球儀；球體n.globalization全球化【運(yùn)用】_____________warmingisarealproblem.全球變暖是個(gè)確實(shí)存在的問題Itisdifficultforserviceorganizationsto____________.服務(wù)性組織全球化的難度很大。______________isaphenomenonofthe21stcentury.全球化是21世紀(jì)的現(xiàn)象?！敬鸢浮縂lobal;globalize;Globalization19.callfor（公開）要求；需要【用法】空氣污染問題需要我們的特別關(guān)注。Airpollutioncallsforourspecialconcern.對此類狀況的第一反應(yīng)是要求所有醫(yī)院都采取相應(yīng)的安全措施。Thefirstreactiontothiskindofconditionistocallforpropersafetysecurityinallhospitals.補(bǔ)充短語：callonsb拜訪某人callatone'shouse去某人家拜訪callafter以某人的名字命名callin召集calloff叫走callon號(hào)召,請求callsbon+號(hào)碼撥打……找某人【運(yùn)用】用callfor,callat,callon,calloff的適當(dāng)形式填空①Thepicnicwasbecauseofrain.②LetustheSmith’sonthewayhome.③Thegovernmentthentroopstodealwiththedisturbances.④Thissortofworkalotofpatience.⑤Notknowinghisaddress,Ican’thim.【答案】①calledoff②callat③calledon④callsfor⑤callon20.applicationn.應(yīng)用，運(yùn)用；申請【用法】動(dòng)詞→applyvt.應(yīng)用這項(xiàng)新技術(shù)已應(yīng)用于農(nóng)業(yè)。Thenewtechnologyhasbeenappliedtoagriculture.這項(xiàng)新技術(shù)的應(yīng)用加速了農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展。Theapplicationofthenewtechnologyacceleratedthedevelopmentofagriculture.vi.申請John正在申請華為的工作。JohnisapplyingforajobinHuawei.John的工作申請被接受了。John’sapplicationforthejobisaccepted.名詞→n.applicant申請人，應(yīng)聘人【運(yùn)用】Thepanyturneddownmy___________.這個(gè)公司拒絕了我的申請?！敬鸢浮縜pplicationStudentslearnedthe_________________ofthetheorytheyhadlearnedintheclassroom.學(xué)生們學(xué)會(huì)了將課堂上學(xué)到的理論付諸實(shí)際應(yīng)用?！敬鸢浮縫racticalapplication21.absolutelyadv.絕對地，完全地；極其【用法】你完全正確。You'reabsolutelyright.→adj.absolute絕對的，至高無上的無上權(quán)力；絕對權(quán)威absolutepower/authority【運(yùn)用】It's

__________

freezing

outside.

外面冷得不得了?！敬鸢浮縜bsolutelyHe'san___________brilliantcook.他的廚藝精湛至極?！敬鸢浮縜bsolutely22.trackvt.&vi.跟蹤，追蹤【用法】我們繼續(xù)用雷達(dá)追蹤那架飛機(jī)。Wecontinuedtrackingtheplaneonourradar.n.足跡，蹤跡；小道；軌道；跑道；路線鐵路軌道railwaytracks【運(yùn)用】We_______________inthesnow.我們跟著熊在雪地上留下的足跡走。It'shardto________________thechildren'singsandgoings.這些孩子來來往往，很難跟得上他們的行蹤。Hehad_______________whathewassayingandbegantoramble.他忘了自己的話題，便開始瞎扯起來?！敬鸢浮縡ollowedthebear'stracks;keeptrackof;losttrackof23.entirelyadv.完全地，全部地，完整地【用法】我完全同意你的看法。Ientirelyagreewithyou.我對這個(gè)建議并不十分滿意。I'mnotentirelyhappyabouttheproposal.→adj.entire全部的，整個(gè)的；全體的【運(yùn)用】Theresultsare__________consistentwithourearlierresearch.這些結(jié)果與我們早些時(shí)候的研究完全吻合。Themoviewasshot___________onlocationinItaly.這部影片完全是在意大利外景拍攝的。【答案】entirely;entirely24.getridof擺脫，丟棄，扔掉【用法】我們需要擺脫那種觀念。Weneedtogetridoftheidea.他想把秘密說出來，讓自己得到解脫。Hewantedtoridhimselfoftheburdenofthesecret.【運(yùn)用】Hebelievedthathismanagerwantedto_______himforpersonalreasons他認(rèn)為經(jīng)理是出于個(gè)人原因想開除他。【答案】getridofHe

hoped

to____________the

pain

in

what

was

left

of

his

knee.

他希望祛除膝蓋處的疼痛?！敬鸢浮?/p>

get

rid

of

25.protestvi.反對，抗議【用法】學(xué)生們走上街頭，抗議這項(xiàng)決定。Studentstooktothestreetstoprotestagainstthedecision.vt.堅(jiān)持聲稱，申辯她一直堅(jiān)持說自己是無辜的。Shehasalwaysprotestedherinnocence.n.抗議，反對主任辭職以示抗議這項(xiàng)決定。Thedirectorresignedinprotestatthedecision.【運(yùn)用】Theworkersstageda___________________theproposedchangesintheircontracts.工人們進(jìn)行抗議，反對擬議中的對他們合同的修改?！敬鸢浮縫rotestagainstThese_________havereallymadethegovernmentsitupandtakenotice.這些抗議活動(dòng)確實(shí)引起了政府的警覺和注意?！敬鸢浮縡it【用法】n.利潤，收益；好處這筆生意帶來了創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄的收益。Thesalegeneratedrecordprofits.vi.&vt.獲益，得到好處新政策使農(nóng)民受益。Farmersareprofitingfromthenewpolicy.→adj.profitable有利可圖的；賺錢的；有益的adj.profitless無益的【運(yùn)用】這個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)是義務(wù)性的，不是為了贏利。【答案】Theagencyisvoluntaryandnotrunforprofit.與去年同期相比利潤增長了15%?！敬鸢浮縋rofitshaverisenby15percentparedwiththecorrespondingperiodlastyear.27.defencen.辯護(hù)；防御，保護(hù)；防御物；國防；防守【用法】我們應(yīng)該向保衛(wèi)祖國而犧牲了的軍人表示敬意。Weshouldpaytributetosoldiersdiedindefenceofourcountry.她打防守。Sheplaysin/ondefence.→v.defend保衛(wèi)；防守adj.defensive自衛(wèi)的；防御用的【運(yùn)用】Ihavetosay_____________thatsheknewnothingaboutitbeforehand.我得為她說句話，她事先并不知道此事?！敬鸢浮縤nherdefenceHumourisamoreeffective__________thanviolence.幽默是比暴力更有效的防御武器。【答案】cessn.過程，進(jìn)程；步驟，流程【用法】我們正出售自家的住宅。We'reintheprocessofsellingourhouse.vt.加工，處理審核你的申請需要一周時(shí)間。Itwilltakeaweekforyourapplicationtobeprocessed.【運(yùn)用】We're___________________sellingourhouse.我們正在出售自家的住宅。【答案】intheprocessofOur

sales

information______________puter.

我們的銷售信息是用計(jì)算機(jī)處理的?！敬鸢浮縤s

processed

by

29.economicadj.經(jīng)濟(jì)的，經(jīng)濟(jì)上的；可賺錢的【用法】經(jīng)濟(jì)增長╱合作╱發(fā)展╱改革economicgrowth/cooperation/development/reform→n.economy經(jīng)濟(jì)；節(jié)約；理財(cái)n.economics經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)n.economist經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)者；節(jié)儉的人【運(yùn)用】It

is

difficult

to

find

work

in

the

present

____________________.

在目前這種經(jīng)濟(jì)大氣候下很難找到工作?！敬鸢浮縠conomic

climateMany

children

in

the

class

suffered

severe

social

and

____________disadvantage.

班上許多孩子都來自社會(huì)地位低下經(jīng)濟(jì)困難的家庭?！敬鸢浮縠conomic

30.strategyn.策略，行動(dòng)計(jì)劃；策劃，部署【用法】政府的經(jīng)濟(jì)策略thegovernment'seconomicstrategy軍事戰(zhàn)略militarystrategy→adj.strategic戰(zhàn)略上的，戰(zhàn)略的n.strategist戰(zhàn)略家；軍事家【運(yùn)用】The___________wastoodangerousintheexplosivecircumstancesofthetimes.在當(dāng)時(shí)那種一觸即發(fā)的形勢下，采取那樣的策略太危險(xiǎn)了。【答案】strategyWearenowpilotingthroughParliamentanew____________totackleyouthcrime.我們正促使議會(huì)順利通過解決青少年犯罪問題的一項(xiàng)新策略?！敬鸢浮縮trategy31.formeradj.昔日的，前任的；以前的，從前的【用法】latter后者坦白來講，比起后者，我更喜歡前者。Tobefrank,Iprefertheformertothelatter.【用法】Thisbeautifuloldbuildinghasbeenrestoredtoits_____________.這座美麗的老建筑物已恢復(fù)了昔日的壯觀。【答案】formergloryHer

article

showed

no

charity

towards

her

_____________.

她的文章對她以前的朋友毫不寬容?！敬鸢浮縡ormer

friendsHepresentedtwosolutions.__________________seemsmuchbetter.他提出了兩個(gè)解決方案，后一個(gè)看起來要好得多?！敬鸢浮縏helatter32.povertyn.貧窮，貧困；貧乏【用法】許多老年人生活于貧困之中。Manyelderlypeopleliveinpoverty.【運(yùn)用】在理想的世界里將沒有貧窮和疾病。【答案】Inanidealworldtherewouldbenopovertyanddisease.Manypeople_____________________throughnofaultoftheirown.很多人生活貧困并非他們自己有什么過錯(cuò)?！敬鸢浮縧iveinpoverty33.poison【用法】vt.污染；毒死，毒害有人一直在他的食物里下毒。Someonehadbeenpoisoninghisfood.n.毒物，毒藥致命毒藥deadlypoison→adj.poisonous有毒的；惡毒的；討厭的n.poisoner投毒者；毒害者【運(yùn)用】Somemushroomscontainadeadly____________.有些蘑菇含有致命毒素。Thwpolicebelievehiswifecouldnothaveadministeredthe____________.警方認(rèn)為他的妻子是不可能下毒的?！敬鸢浮縫oison;poison34.consequencen.結(jié)果，后果；重要性【用法】這項(xiàng)決定可能對該行業(yè)造成嚴(yán)重后果。Thisdecisioncouldhaveseriousconsequencesfortheindustry.別擔(dān)心，這無關(guān)緊要。Don'tworry.It'sofnoconsequence.因此，結(jié)果asaconsequence由于…的結(jié)果asaconsequenceof→adj.consequent隨之發(fā)生的；作為結(jié)果的【運(yùn)用】Asa______________,hefailedtheexamandmadehisparentsdisappointed.【答案】consenquence由于他的粗心，我們沒有按時(shí)完成這項(xiàng)任務(wù)?！敬鸢浮緼saconsequenceofhiscarelessness,wedidn’tfinishthetaskontime.35.giveriseto使發(fā)生（或存在），導(dǎo)致【用法】riseroserisenvi.“上升，起來”Thesunrisesintheeasteveryday.形近詞：arisearosearisenvi.“起因于，由.........導(dǎo)致”raiseraisedraisedvt.“建設(shè)，養(yǎng)育，提出”Heraisedsomedoubtsaboutthistheory.arousearousedarousedvt.“喚起，激起”It'sasubjectthathasarousedalotofinterest.身體上的原因可以引起情緒或精神上的問題。Emotionalormentalproblemscanarisefromaphysicalcauses.【運(yùn)用】Hiscruelwords____________________herbadmoodslastnight.昨天晚上他殘忍的話導(dǎo)致她的心情不好?！敬鸢浮縢averiseto這個(gè)糟糕的天氣導(dǎo)致了運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)的取消?！敬鸢浮縏hebadweathergaverisetothecancellingofthesportsmeeting.知識(shí)點(diǎn)02重點(diǎn)句型1.with作伴隨狀語結(jié)構(gòu)原文：Withpollutionlevelsontherise,theNorgateEnvironmentaProtectionmitteeissearchingforwaystofighttheproblem.隨著污染水平的上升，諾蓋特環(huán)境保護(hù)委員會(huì)正在尋找解決這個(gè)問題的方法?！揪涫椒治觥勘揪涫莣ith引導(dǎo)的伴隨狀語，其中ontherise是個(gè)固定詞組，表示“正在上升”，with后面的名詞可以直接跟一個(gè)介詞詞組。①Withsomanypeopletoassistus,wearesuretofinishthetaskontime.有這么多人幫忙，我們一定能及時(shí)完成任務(wù)。②Themanwaswalkingonthestreet,withabookunderhisarm.那人在街上走著,腋下夾著一本書。③Hewasworkingintothecharchwithasmileonhisface.他帶著滿臉的笑容走進(jìn)了這個(gè)教堂。【跟蹤典例】①Heisjustconfusedwithalltheclass_____________.當(dāng)他同伴同學(xué)都笑的時(shí)候，他感覺很疑惑。②Withsomuchword_________,hefelthappy.做完了這么多事情，他感到很高興。③Ican’tgooutwithalltheseclothes________________.要洗這些衣服,我無法出去了?！敬鸢浮縧aughing;done;towash2.while+doing結(jié)構(gòu)原文：Whilediscussinginagroup,makeeyecontactwithotherstomakesurethattheycanunderstandandareinterested.在小組討論時(shí)，與其他人進(jìn)行眼神交流，以確保他們能夠理解并且感興趣?！揪涫椒治觥勘揪涫莣hile+doing的一種省略句形式，句子完整情況應(yīng)該是Whilewearediscussinginagroup,..........，當(dāng)while引導(dǎo)的從句中的主語跟主句的主語是同一個(gè)人或物時(shí)，這時(shí)while引導(dǎo)的從句中的主語和be動(dòng)詞可省略，從而變成whiledoing。①Whilestudying,Iliketolistentomusic.在學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)，我喜歡聽音樂。②Ienjoyreadingbookswhiletraveling.旅行時(shí)我喜歡閱讀書籍。③Isawagirlcryingwhilewalkingdownthestreet.我看到一個(gè)女孩在走路時(shí)哭了?！靖櫟淅竣貶ewaswearingheadphoneswhile___________inthepark.他在公園慢跑時(shí)戴著耳機(jī)。②Hewassellingthenewspaperwhile____________forthebus.他邊等車邊賣報(bào)。③Hewassingingwhile__________hishomework.他在做作業(yè)時(shí)唱歌。【答案】jogging；waiting;singing一．語法精講——省略句省略句的種類為了使話說得簡明扼要，英語句子中某個(gè)單詞、短語甚至從句或主句都可以省去。這種省去句子某些成分而保持句子意思不變的現(xiàn)象，稱為省略（ellipsis）。（一）狀語從句中的省略1.在when,while,if,asif,though,although,as,until,once,whether,unless等連接的狀語從句中，若從句中的主語與主句主語一致且謂語中含有be動(dòng)詞，常省略狀語從句中的主語和be動(dòng)詞。當(dāng)從句的主語為it時(shí)，則從句中主語和be動(dòng)詞常被省略。=1\*GB3①Shefellasleepwhile(hewas)doinghishomework.他在做作業(yè)時(shí)睡著了。=2\*GB3②Oftenshewouldweepwhen(shewas)alone.她一個(gè)人時(shí)，常?？奁?。=3\*GB3③If(itis)possible,I'llgoouting.如果可能的話，我將去郊游。注意：有些由if構(gòu)成的省略結(jié)構(gòu)，已屬固定短語，如ifany,ifnecessary,ifpossible,ifnot,ifso：=1\*GB3①Therearefew,ifany,mistakesinthatbook.那本書就是有錯(cuò)誤也不多。=2\*GB3②Ifnecessary,ringmeathome.如果必要，可以打到我家找我。=3\*GB3③Ifpossible,Iwishtogotherenextsummer.如果可能，我希望明年夏天去。=4\*GB3④Hemaybebusy.Ifso,I’llcalllater.Ifnot,canIseehimnow?他可能很忙，要是這樣，我以后再來拜訪。要是不忙，我現(xiàn)在可以見他嗎?2.在than,as等引導(dǎo)的比較狀語從句中常省略某些成分。=1\*GB3①Iknowyoubetterthan(Iknow)him.我了解你勝過了解他。=2\*GB3②HerunsasfastasBob(runs)．他跑得和鮑勃一樣快。（二）定語從句和賓語從句中的省略1．定語從句中的省略(1)在限制性定語從句中，作賓語用的關(guān)系代詞whom,which,that可省略(但whom,which緊跟在介詞后時(shí)不能省略)。Theman(who/whom/that)youwanttomeethase.你要見的人來了。(2)修飾way的關(guān)系詞that/inwhich可以省略。Doyouknowtheway(that/inwhich)workismeasured?你知道衡量工作的方式嗎？2．賓語從句中的省略(1)及物動(dòng)詞后接賓語從句時(shí)，連接詞that一般可以省略；但如果及物動(dòng)詞接兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，那么只有第一個(gè)that可以省略。=1\*GB3①Ibelieve(that)beautyesfromwith