2017年10月自考00597英語寫作基礎(chǔ)試題及答案含解析

英語寫作基礎(chǔ)年月真題

00597201710

1、【單選題】Choosethebesttopicsentencefromthefouroptionsbelow.Write

thecorrespondingletterofyourchoiceontheanswersheet.

Theprivateautomobilehasaffectedourlifeinvariousways.

Thelate1990switnesseda20%riseinprivatecarownership.

A:

Luxurycarsofthiskindwasn’tpopularinthatpartofthecountry.

B:

arsincreasethecostoflivingandleadtoariseintrafficaccidents.

C:

答D:案：A

解析：主題句要符合以下四點(diǎn)：(1)完整性。用完整的句子表達(dá)一個(gè)完整的思想，這是對

主題句起碼的要求。(2)一定的具體性和概括性。主題句要明確、具體、內(nèi)涵集中，所指

單一，不要太籠統(tǒng)，也不要太具體。(3)清晰性。主題句要清晰明了，用詞一定要恰當(dāng)、

貼切，不能含糊辭。(4)要有關(guān)鍵詞。它不僅制約段落的寫作方面和范圍，而且是寫作的

導(dǎo)火線、突破口。關(guān)鍵詞可以是一個(gè)詞、一個(gè)詞組或一個(gè)從句。所以A.Theprivate

automobilehasaffectedourlifeinvariousways.最適合當(dāng)主題句，意思是私家車從

不同方面影響著我們的生活。

2、【單選題】Readthefollowingparagraphandchoosethebesttopicsentence

fromthefouroptionsthatfollow.Writethecorrespondingletterofyourchoice

ontheanswersheet.Thebrainisverysensitivetothelevelofenergyinthe

lightthatpassesthroughtheeyes,withdifferentcolorsoflight

carryingdifferentamountsofenergy.Accordingtoarecentresearch,blue

suggestsharmonyandrelaxation.Itisthecolorofnatureinrelaxedformand

itencouragessocialcommunication.Orangeandyellowsuggestapositive

future,thepointbeingthatthecolorofsignssurroundingroadworkisclearly

meanttoencouragefrustrateddriverstothinkbeyondthecurrentdelays.Itis

thesamecasewithshapes.Atriangular(三角的)signhaspointsand

representsdanger,whichiswhytheshapeisusedforwarningsigns.

Rectangular(矩形的）signsarethesameshapeasabookandthereforegive

information.Roundsignsareinstructional.Theylookliketheendofapointing

fingergivingyouaninstruction.

ertainshapesusedinroadsignsaremeanttoconveyspecificinformation.

rightcolorscouldencouragecommunicationandevokepositiveemotions.

A:

ifferentcolorsandshapesmaycreatedifferentreactionsinthehumanbrain.

B:

ifferentlevelsofenergyinthelightprovokedifferentpsychologicalreactions.

C:

D:

答案：C

解析：本段文字主要是講解顏色和形狀對大腦的所產(chǎn)生的意義，比如藍(lán)色暗示著和諧和放

松，三角形預(yù)示著危險(xiǎn)等等。所以選擇C.Differentcolorsandshapesmaycreate

differentreactionsinthehumanbrain.（不同的顏色和形狀對大腦產(chǎn)生不同的反

應(yīng)）。

3、【問答題】NowImustgo.Ishallbelateforthebirthdayparty,(compound

sentence)

答案：NowImustgo,orIshallbelateforthebirthdayparty.

解析：compoundsentence的意思是并列句，我們用and、or、but來連接兩句并列句。根

據(jù)以上兩個(gè)單句的意思：現(xiàn)在我必須走了。（否則）我參加生日宴會(huì)就會(huì)遲到了。我們選

擇or（否則）來連接。

4、【問答題】Tomsuddenlyslippedonastone.Hefell.Hisheadstruckthe

massivetable,(compound-complexsentence)

答案：Tomsuddenlyslippedonastoneandhisheadstruckthemassivetableas

hefell.

解析：根據(jù)以上三個(gè)單句的關(guān)系，我們將第一句和第二句處理為以and連接的并列結(jié)構(gòu)的

主句，把第三句處理為主句as引導(dǎo)的狀語從句，表示“當(dāng)他滑倒時(shí)”。

5、【問答題】Maggieenteredthesupermarketnearhomewithashoppingbaginher

hand,(periodicsentence)

答案：Withashoppingbaginherhand,Maggieenteredthesupermarketnearhome.

解析：periodicsentence是指圓周句，也稱為掉尾句，也就是要把重要的信息放在句子

的末尾。本句中的關(guān)鍵信息是Maggieenteredthesupermarketnearhome，所以放在句

尾。

6、【問答題】I’llpayyoudouble.YougetthereportfinishedbyFriday,

(complexsentence)

答案：I’llpayyoudoubleifyougetthereportfinishedbyFriday.

解析：本句的要求是將兩個(gè)單句變成一個(gè)復(fù)合句（complexsentence）。我們發(fā)現(xiàn)上面兩

個(gè)單句是條件關(guān)系，即我會(huì)付你雙份，（如果）你能在周五前完成報(bào)告。所以我們用if

來連接。

7、【問答題】Letusberuthlessinourcriticism.Letusbecrueltopersonal

fame.Weshouldalsobeindifferenttoageandrankifthesestandinour

way.(parallelstructure)

答案：Letusberuthlessinourcriticism,crueltopersonalfame,and

indifferenttoageandrankifthesestandinourway.

解析：平行結(jié)構(gòu)(parallelstructure)，即把結(jié)構(gòu)相同、意義相關(guān)的單詞、短語和分句排

列在一個(gè)或幾個(gè)相連的句子里。這里ruthlessinourcriticism,crueltopersonal

fame,indifferenttoageandrank是平行的并列成分。

8、【問答題】Wealsohaveasectionforthewriters.Thereyoucaneitherpost

yourstudyorgethelpwithyourreports,(complexsentence)

答案：Wealsohaveasectionforthewriters,whereyoucaneitherpostyour

studyorgethelpwithyourreports.

解析：本句的要求是將兩個(gè)單句變成一個(gè)復(fù)合句（complexsentence）。我們可以將第二

句變成一個(gè)定語從句whereyoucaneitherpostyourstudyorgethelpwithyour

reports.

9、【問答題】Myfatherwasalwayscheerfulalthoughhewasinpoorhealth,

(simplesentence)

答案：Myfatherwasalwayscheerfulinspiteofhispoorhealth./Myfather

wasalwayscheerfulalthoughhispoorhealth.

解析：以上兩個(gè)句子由于主語一致，所以我們可以用although或inspiteof將其變成

一句單句。

10、【問答題】Shehadgrownstrongerandbroader.Itwasdifficulttorecognize

inthisrobust,motherlywomantheslim,livelyNatashaofformerdays,

(compoundsentence)

答案：Shehadgrownstrongerandbroader,soitwasdifficulttorecognizein

thisrobust,motherlywomantheslim,livelyNatashaofformerdays

解析：兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的簡單句用并列連詞連在一起構(gòu)成的句子,叫做并列句,其基本結(jié)構(gòu)

是“簡單句+并列連詞+簡單句”。并列連詞有：and,but,or,so等。由于以上兩個(gè)單句

是因果關(guān)系，所以我們用so連接。

11、【問答題】Theboyhaslearnedmanylessons.Theselessonsareabouthuman

kindness,(simplesentence)

答案：Theboyhaslearnedmanylessonsabouthumankindness.

解析：我們用介詞about（關(guān)于）將以上兩句單句變成一句單句：這個(gè)男孩學(xué)到了許多關(guān)

于人類善良的知識。

12、【問答題】Fatherreturnedhome.Marywaspreparingdinner.Janewaslyingin

bed.(compound-complexsentence)

答案：Whenfatherreturnedhome,MarywaspreparingdinnerandJanewaslying

inbed.

解析：根據(jù)以上三個(gè)單句的關(guān)系，我們將其第一句處理為時(shí)間狀語從句When，把第二句和

第三句處理為主句。第二句和第三句我們用and來連接，表示當(dāng)父親回家時(shí)，瑪麗在準(zhǔn)備

晚飯，簡躺在床上。

13、【問答題】WhenImetGraciein1923,shewasayoungwoman.LivinginNew

YorkCityalone.

答案：WhenImetGraciein1923,shewasayoungwomanlivinginNewYork

Cityalone.

解析：livinginNewYorkCityalone是現(xiàn)在分詞，作定語修飾she。

14、【問答題】Friendsarepeoplewhocometogethertolearnandgrowwithone

another,tolighteneachother'sroadsandbrighteningeachother'sdays.

答案：Friendsarepeoplewhocometogethertolearnandgrowwithoneanother,

tolighteneachother'sroadsandtobrighteneachother'sdays.

解析：后半句中and連接的是tolighteneachother'sroads和tobrighteneach

other'sdays，所以形式應(yīng)該保持一致。

15、【問答題】Offeringfreeonline,thegamehasattractedmanyschoolstudents.

答案：Offeredfreeonline,thegamehasattractedmanyschoolstudents.

解析：該句的主語是thegame，game和offer之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，即游戲是被提供的，所

以把offering改成offered。

16、【問答題】ThisisthecitywhichIworkedthirtyyearsago.

答案：ThisisthecitywhereIworkedthirtyyearsago.

解析：該句中先行詞是city，在定語從句中充當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語，所以關(guān)系代詞要用where。

17、【問答題】Onlineshoppingisverypopularamongcollegestudents,itis

easy,convenient,andoftennotveryexpensive.

答案：Onlineshoppingisverypopularamongcollegestudentsbecauseitis

easy,convenient,andoftennotveryexpensive.

解析：原句是兩個(gè)單句，兩個(gè)獨(dú)立的單句不能用逗號連接。因此我們可以用because將其

處理為原因狀語從句。

18、【問答題】Readthefollowingparagraphandwritethetopicsentenceonthe

answersheet.Incidentallythewordastronomy(天文學(xué)）comesfromtheGreekword

astron,whichmeansstar.Actually,therearemanyinterestingoriginsofwords

thatarelinkedtothestarsorplanets.Theworddisaster,forexample,comes

fromtheLatindis-astermeaningbadstar.Wesometimescallacrazyorstrange

personalunatic(瘋子)，whichisfromthewordlunarmeaningmoon一itwas

believedthatthemooncouldmakesomepeoplecrazy,especiallyafullmoon.

Finally,thewordinfluenza,orflu,comesfromtheLatininfluenza.Itwas

believedtheillnesswascausedbyunfavorablestarinfluences.Andofcoursewe

callfamoussingersorfilmactorsstarsinrecognitionoftheluckystars

thathavebroughtthemfameandfortune.

答案：Actually,therearemanyinterestingoriginsofwordsthatarelinkedto

thestarsorplanets.

解析：本段文字主要講述的是詞源問題，即很多詞起初都與星體有關(guān)。能包含這層意思的

句子就可以成為本段的主題句。

19、【問答題】Rearrangethefollowingsentencessothattheyreadlogically.

Writethecorrespondinglettersinapropersequenceontheanswersheet.The

positionsofsomesentenceshavebeengiven.A.Summarizingskillsarealso

usedinprovidingthemajorpointsofadecision-makingprocess,giving

backgroundinformationonastudent,describinganexcitingsportingevent-the

listgoeson.B.Inthisageinwhichourstudentsaregrowingup,summarizing

becomesanevenmoreimportantprocessingskill.C.Summarizingisanessential

lifeskillthateveryoneofusshouldacquire.D.TheInformationAgeisan

agewithlargequantitiesofeasy-to-accessinformation.E.Thinkofallthe

timesineverydaylifeweusesummarizingskills.F.Ifwedon’t

strengthenstudents’summarizingabilities，wearenotpreparingthemwellfor

thefuture.G.Wesummarizeinrecapping(總、結(jié)）amemorableday,telling

aboutaninterestingexperience,givingthehighlightsofabusinessmeetingor

animportantemail.H.Withouttheabilitytosortoutandextract

information,ourstudentsruntheriskofbeingoverwhelmedinaseaof

data.

答案：CEGADBHF

解析：C.Summarizingisanessentiallifeskillthateveryoneofus

shouldacquire.（總結(jié)能力是我們每個(gè)人都應(yīng)該掌握的基本的生活技能），可以看出這是

一句總起句，接下來作者就會(huì)具體論證總結(jié)能力的重要性。所以我們選擇C段為第一段。

接下來的E段Thinkofallthetimesineverydaylifeweusesummarizingskills.

（想想其實(shí)我們每日生活中都會(huì)使用到總結(jié)能力）。那么文章會(huì)接著舉例講述我們每日生

活中是如何使用總結(jié)能力的。所以，在E段后面我們應(yīng)該選擇G段Wesummarizein

recapping(總、結(jié)）amemorableday,tellingaboutaninterestingexperience,

givingthehighlightsofabusinessmeetingoranimportantemail.（我們總結(jié)難

忘的一天，講述有趣的經(jīng)歷，講述商務(wù)會(huì)談或者重要信函中的精彩部分）。接下來文章講

述總結(jié)能力的其他作用，所以選擇A.Summarizingskillsarealsousedinproviding

themajorpointsofadecision-makingprocess,givingbackgroundinformationon

astudent,describinganexcitingsportingevent-thelistgoeson.（另外，總結(jié)能

力可以在做決定的過程中提供重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容，提供學(xué)生的背景信息，描述激動(dòng)人心的體育賽事

等等。）D段TheInformationAgeisanagewithlargequantitiesofeasy-to-

accessinformation.是說信息時(shí)代充滿著大量的唾手可得的信息。緊隨D段，我們應(yīng)該選

擇的是B.Inthisageinwhichourstudentsaregrowingup,summarizingbecomes

anevenmoreimportantprocessingskill.（我們的學(xué)生們就成長于在這個(gè)時(shí)代中，因

此總結(jié)能力就愈發(fā)重要了。）B段后面是H段Withouttheabilitytosortoutand

extractinformation,ourstudentsruntheriskofbeingoverwhelmedinaseaof

data.H段是說如果我們的學(xué)生們沒有分類和提取信息的能力，則很容易會(huì)迷失在大量的

數(shù)據(jù)信息中。最后一段選擇F.Ifwedon’tstrengthenstudents’summarizing

abilities，wearenotpreparingthemwellforthefuture.即如果我們不培養(yǎng)加強(qiáng)學(xué)

生們的總結(jié)能力，我們就等同于沒有幫助他們做好準(zhǔn)備面向未來。

20、【問答題】ReadthefollowingparagraphandwriteTWOirrelevantsentenceson

theanswersheet.TherearefewplacesonEarthwherepeopleneednotbeconcerned

aboutflooding.Anyplacewhererainfallsisvulnerable.Droughtcanalso

causegreatdamage.Afloodoccurswhenwateroverflowslandthat’snormally

dry.Thiscanhappeninvariousways.Inmostcases,floodsoccurwhenrivers

orstreamsoverflowtheirbanks.Coastalfloodingoccurswhenalargestorm

ortsunami(海嘯）causestheseatosurgeinland.Mostfloodstakehoursor

evendaystodevelop,givingresidentsampletimetoprepareorevacuate.

Othersdevelopquicklyandwithlittlewarning.Excessiverainorrapidice

meltinginthemountainsisalsoanidealsourceforgeneratingelectricity.

Theseflashfloodscanbeextremelydangerous,instantlyturningamurmuring

brookintoathunderingwallofwaterandsweepingeverythinginits

pathdownstream.

答案：~~Droughtcanalsocausegreatdamage.~~~~Excessiverainorrapidice

meltinginthemountainsisalsoanidealsourceforgeneratingelectricity.~~

解析：本段主要講述的是地球上不會(huì)遭受洪災(zāi)的地方。句子Droughtcanalsocause

greatdamage.（干旱也會(huì)帶來巨大的破壞）不符合主題，因此刪去。接下來文章講述洪災(zāi)

的起因以及危害。其中Excessiverainorrapidicemeltinginth