高級(jí)英語課文詳解省公開課一等獎(jiǎng)全國(guó)示范課微課金獎(jiǎng)?wù)n件

MarkTwainsuggestedthataningredientwasmissingintheAmericaambitionwhenhesaid:whatarobustpepole,whatanationofthinkerswemightbe,lfwewouldonlylayourselvesontheshelfoccasionallyandrenewouredges.翻譯：馬克吐溫以為，美國(guó)式理想中缺乏一個(gè)成份。他說：假如我們能偶然徹底放松一下，使我們棱角保持尖銳，那么我們民族將會(huì)是一個(gè)多么富有朝氣，多么善于思索民族啊。1/43ingredient成份，原料，原因，要素eg:ourskincreamcontainsonlynaturalingredients.我們護(hù)膚霜只包含天然成份。occasionally

[??ke???n(?)li]

adv.偶然，間或；“occasional”派生eg:Weoccasionallymeetforadrinkafterwork.我們下班后偶然相聚小酌。2/43robustadj1健壯，強(qiáng)壯eg:shewasalmost90,butstillveryrobust她快要90歲了，但身體依然十分健壯。2堅(jiān)固，耐用，堅(jiān)固3(體制或結(jié)構(gòu))強(qiáng)勁，富有活力robusteconomicgrowth強(qiáng)勁經(jīng)濟(jì)增加4堅(jiān)定，信心十足noun：robustness3/43layourselvesontheshelf:relax,restorstayawayfromallthiscrazystruggleforsuccessedge[?d?]n.邊；優(yōu)勢(shì)（懸崖、峭壁）邊緣，端；尖銳，尖銳vt.在…上加邊界；使?jié)u進(jìn)；給（刀刃）磨邊，使尖銳；修整vi.慢慢向前移動(dòng)，側(cè)身移動(dòng)noun:尖銳，尖銳eg:aknifewithasharpedge刀刃尖銳renewouredges:keepouredgessharp4/43renewvt.重新開始；使更新；使恢復(fù)；補(bǔ)充vi.重申，重復(fù)強(qiáng)調(diào)；重新開始vt:renewyourhealth恢復(fù)你健康vi:Therewasrenewedfightingyesterday.昨天戰(zhàn)斗重新打響了。5/43Personaltragedyhauntedhisentirelife,inthedeathsoflovedones:hisfatherdyingofpneumoniawhenSamwas12；hisbrotherHerry,killedbyasteamboatexplosion,thedeathofhisson,Langon,at19mouths.譯文：可悲是馬克吐溫一生卻籠罩在悲劇和不幸陰影中，他親人相繼離他而去;他12歲時(shí)，父親便因肺炎而逝世；他弟兄亨利在一次蒸汽船爆炸事故中喪生，他兒子朗頓才十九個(gè)月就夭折了。6/43hauntverb縈繞在心頭，纏繞：長(zhǎng)久困擾eg:Thestigmaofbeingabankruptislikelytohaunthimfortherestofhislife.破產(chǎn)恥辱可能會(huì)讓他余生不得安寧。Vi尤指鬼魂重回或常去eg:Hisghostissaidtohauntsomeoftherooms,bangingatoydrum.聽說他鬼魂經(jīng)常敲著玩具鼓出沒在其中一些房間里。noun:〈方〉鬼或其它超自然物體；常去地方Thecollegelibraryisafavoritehaunt.大學(xué)圖書館是人們喜歡地方。7/43hauntedadj.鬧鬼；受到折磨；令人煩惱haunt”過去式和過去分詞adj（表情）焦慮，憂心忡忡eg:Shelookedsohaunted,Ialmostdidn'trecognizeher.她愁容滿面，我差點(diǎn)兒沒認(rèn)出她來。8/43pneumonia

[n??monj?,nj?-]

n.[醫(yī)]肺炎；急性肺炎eg:Shenearlydiedofpneumonia.她差點(diǎn)兒死于肺炎。explosion[?k?splo??n]n.爆炸，炸裂；暴發(fā)；擴(kuò)張，激增；（感情，尤指憤恨）突然eg:Afterthesecondexplosion,allofLondon'smaintrainandsubwaystationswereshutdown.第二次爆炸后，倫敦全部主要火車站和地鐵站都關(guān)閉了。9/43N-count可數(shù)名詞爆炸聲;轟然巨響Therewasanexplosionofmusic.突然暴發(fā)出一陣震耳欲聾音樂聲.Hiseldestdaughter,Susy,diedofspinal

meningitis,Mis.ClementssuccumbedtoaheartattackinFlorence,andyoungestdaughter,Jean,anepileptic,drownedinanupstairsbathtub.譯文：他大女兒蘇茜死于脊膜炎；他妻子在佛羅倫薩死于心臟病；他最小女兒簡(jiǎn)患有癲癇，發(fā)病時(shí)溺死在樓上浴缸里。10/43spinal[spa?n?l]adj.脊柱，與脊柱相關(guān)；針，刺；棘狀突起adv.在脊骨方面，壓著脊骨n.[醫(yī)]脊髓麻醉spinalinjuries脊椎損傷meningitis[m?n?n`d?a?t?s]n.腦膜炎Meningitisisaseriousinfectiousillnesswhichaffectsyourbrainandspinalcord.bronchitis支氣管炎tonsillitis扁桃體炎

appendicitis：闌尾炎hepatitis肝炎

arthritis關(guān)節(jié)炎

11/43succumbed[s?`k?md]v.不再抵抗（誘惑、疾病、攻擊等）(succumb過去式和過去分詞)；屈從；被壓垮；死于tosuccumbto:togiveinorstopresistingeg:Afewyearslater,KatyasuccumbedtocancerinLondon.幾年后，卡佳因患癌癥在倫敦病逝。Hesuccumbedtothetemptationsofthebigcity.他受不住大城市誘惑。12/43epileptic[ep?'lept?k]adj.由癲癇引發(fā)n.癲癇病患者Hiswifeisanepileptic.他妻子是個(gè)癲癇患者.drown[dra?n]vt.淹死；浸沒；麻痹某人對(duì)…意識(shí)；（一聲音）淹沒（另一聲音）vi.淹死eg:Lastnightaboywasdrownedintheriver.昨晚一名男孩在河里溺亡。eg:Clappingdrownedthespeaker'swordsforamoment.鼓掌聲一度淹沒了講話人聲音。13/43bathtub[b?θt?b,bɑθ-]n.浴缸，澡盆eg:Pleaseletthewateroutofthebathtub.請(qǐng)把浴缸里水放掉。Bitternessfedonthemanwhohadmadetheworldlaugh.Themoralizingofhisearlierwritinghadbeenwellpaddedwithhumor.Nowtheglovescameoffwithbitingsatire.譯文：這個(gè)曾經(jīng)給全世界帶來歡笑人自己卻飽嘗了人世間不幸與辛酸。他早期作品中說教包著幽默外衣，可現(xiàn)在幽默卻變成了辛辣諷刺。14/43tofeedon/upontotakeasfoodRhetoricaldevice:thepersonificationofbitternesstoemphasizethesufferinginhisownlifePadwithhumorcover,stuff,fillwithhumor15/43(1)bitterness[`b?t?n?s]n.苦味；痛苦；悲痛；酷烈Shewasfullofhatredandbitterness.她滿腔仇恨和辛酸。Ifyouhavetastedthebitternessofgall,youknowbetterthesweetnessofhoney.吃過黃連苦，更知蜜糖甜。bitteradj1激烈；猛烈；充滿敵意eg:thesceneofbitterfighting激烈戰(zhàn)斗場(chǎng)面16/432怨恨；憤憤不平3（經(jīng)歷或感覺）令人非常失望，痛苦，辛酸eg:Agreatdealofbitterexperiencehadtaughthimhowtolosegracefully.大量慘痛經(jīng)歷讓他學(xué)會(huì)了怎樣坦然面對(duì)失敗。noun:苦啤酒apintofbitter一品脫苦啤酒tothebitterend堅(jiān)持到底；拼到底(2)biting[`ba?t??]adj.尖銳刺人；刺痛；辛辣；嘲諷v.咬，叮(bite現(xiàn)在分詞)；刺痛；有咬（或叮）習(xí)性；（人）上當(dāng)

17/431刻薄；尖刻；辛辣eg:bitingsatire尖刻諷刺2嚴(yán)寒；刺骨；凜冽eg:.araw,bitingnortherlywind.陰冷刺骨北風(fēng)(3)satire[‘s?ta??r]n.諷刺；諷刺文學(xué)；諷刺作品eg:asharpsatireontheAmericanpoliticalprocess.一部尖刻諷刺美國(guó)政治進(jìn)程作品18/43moralizing['m?r?l??z??]1.vt進(jìn)行訓(xùn)誡，進(jìn)行說教，教化eg:AsadramatistIhatetomoralize.作為一名劇作家，我憎恨說教。2noun說教eg:Wehavetriedtoavoidanymoralising.我們力圖防止任何形式說教。moralizationn.道德說教，倫理課程，道義moralization(theactofmakingmoral)19/43padvt.給…裝襯墊，加墊子；填塞；踏平vi.步行，放輕腳步走n.墊，襯墊；護(hù)具；便簽本；發(fā)射臺(tái)eg:ajacketwithpaddedshoulders有墊肩夾克noun(可數(shù))1住處;（尤指）寓所，公寓eg:Imovedonroundthebighousetoreachmypad.我繞過大房子走向我公寓。2指頭肚兒；（動(dòng)物）爪墊eg:Tapyourcheeksalloverwiththepadsofyourfingers.用手指頭肚兒輕拍臉頰一遍。20/43“theglovescameoff”derivesfromtheidiom“anironhandinavelvetglove”(ruthlessnessconcealedbygoodmanners,softspeech,etc.)笑里藏刀口蜜腹劍HepretendedtopraisetheU.S.militaryforthemassacreof600PhilippineMorosinthebowlofavolcanic

crater.譯文：對(duì)于美軍在火山口上屠殺600名菲律賓摩洛人所作所為，他假裝高唱贊歌。massacre[`m?s?k?]n.大屠殺，殘殺；（牲畜）成批屠宰vt.屠殺，殘殺；損害，毀壞；<口>徹底擊??；<口>慘敗21/43eg：Marialosther62-year-oldmotherinthemassacre.在大屠殺中瑪麗亞失去了62歲母親。eg:Thegamewasa0-8massacre.比賽結(jié)果是0-8慘敗。PhilippineMoros(MuslimsofMalay(馬來西亞)originlivinginSPhilippine菲律賓摩洛人Moros摩洛族（居住在菲律賓南部，多為伊斯蘭教教徒，以制造武器聞名），摩洛語(Moro名詞復(fù)數(shù))；[地名][西班牙]莫羅斯22/431.摩羅斯方童,摩羅斯(Moros),命數(shù),是希臘神話中迫近劫數(shù)和毀滅化身。2.莫伊萊莫伊萊(Moros),命運(yùn)女神黑暗女神厄瑞玻斯與黑夜女神尼克特婚配后生有:挨特耳(Aether),太空神赫墨拉(Hemera),光明神蓋亞與她兒子烏拉諾斯結(jié)合,生下:12個(gè)3.厄運(yùn)之神

kere

毀滅女神

carieskeres死亡女神23/4324/43crater[`kret?]n.火山口，噴火口；彈坑；[天文學(xué)]巨爵座；（月球上）環(huán)形山vt.在…上形成坑；取消；毀壞vi.形成坑；毀壞；消亡Theycametothelipofadeadcrater.他們來到了一個(gè)死火山口。volcanic[vɑl`k?n?k,v?l-]adj.火山；猛烈；暴烈n.火山巖25/43TheMysteriousStrangerItwaspublishedposthumouslyintheappraisalofhiswork.Thestoryisthatofsomeboys,whoarereallyTomSawyer’sgangsinmedievaldress,inasmallvillageinAustria,whostrikeupanacquaintancewithasupernaturalvisitorwhocallshimself“Satan(撒旦，魔鬼)”andisabletoworkmiraclesandjugglewith(坑騙，玩弄)humanlives.Atlasthegrowsboredwithhisowngame.26/43Hethensaidtotheboy:“Itistrue,thatwhichIhaverevealedtoyou,thereisnoGod,nouniverse,nohumanrace,noearthlylife,noheaven,nohell.Itisalladreamagrotesque(怪誕)andfoolishdream.Nothingexistsbutyou.Andyouarebutathoughtavagrant(流浪者)thought,auselessthought,ahomelessthought,wanderingforlorn(凄涼)amongtheemptyeternities(空虛永恒）!”27/43Hereintheclosingpagesofthestory,MarkTwaintriestosolvehisriddleofgriefandself-reproach(指責(zé)),andclothe(賦予)hissoulintheinvulnerable(攻不破)armor(裝甲)ofdesperation.Goodandevil,likerealityitself,aretohimonlyillusions.《神秘陌生人》是馬克·吐溫晚年代表作。作者借小說中“撒旦”之口來嘲弄人間丑惡，對(duì)人性提出質(zhì)疑，他詛咒“人連畜生都不如”，對(duì)人類前途不報(bào)希望。作者在嬉笑怒罵背后，隱藏著深深絕望，把美國(guó)種種丑惡現(xiàn)象當(dāng)做人類不能自拔罪惡淵源，進(jìn)而對(duì)整個(gè)人類文明和前途表示了消極情緒。28/43InTheMysteriousStranger,heinsistedthatmendrophisreligiousillusionsanddependuponhimself,notProvidence,tomakeabetterworld.譯文：在他《神秘陌生人》一書中，他堅(jiān)定地宣告，為創(chuàng)造一個(gè)愈加美好世界，人應(yīng)該拋棄宗教幻想，依靠自己，而不是上帝。insisteddeclaredfirmlyorpersistentlyillusions[?`lu??n]n.錯(cuò)覺；幻想；錯(cuò)誤觀念；假象

29/43eg:Noonereallyhasanyillusionsaboutwinningthewar.沒有些人幻想能贏得這場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng).eg:Thiseeriecalmisanillusion.這種怪誕平靜是一個(gè)假象.dependupon依賴，依靠providence[`prɑv?d?ns,`d?ns]n.天道，天意；遠(yuǎn)見；節(jié)約；上帝，神eg:Thesewomenregardhisdeathasanactofprovidence.這些女人認(rèn)為他死乃是天意。30/43Thelastofhisownillusionseemedtohavecrumbledneartheend.Dictatinghisautobiographylateinhislife,hecommen-tedwithacrushingsenseofdespaironmen’sfinalreleasefromearthlystruggles..譯文：他自己最終一個(gè)幻想到以后幾乎也破滅了。在他晚年口述其自傳時(shí)，他曾極度絕望地談到人從塵世苦難中得以最終解脫。31/43crumblevt.把…弄成碎屑；弄碎vi.破碎，破裂；碎成粉末；瓦解；崩裂n.碎屑，面包屑；已瓦解東西；瓦礫堆Verb(體系、關(guān)系或希望等)瓦解，瓦解，消亡eg:Itonlytakesaminuteforthefootballhopesofanentirecountrytocrumble.就在一分鐘之內(nèi)，全國(guó)民眾足球夢(mèng)想就化為了泡影。32/43dictating[‘d?k`te?t??]v.大聲講或讀(dictate現(xiàn)在分詞)；口授；支配；擺布eg:Sheldonwriteseverydayoftheweek,dictatinghisnovelsinthemorning...謝爾登一周7天都要寫作，天天早上口述小說讓他人統(tǒng)計(jì)。Verb命令;發(fā)號(hào)施令;強(qiáng)行要求eg:Whatrighthasonecountrytodictatetheenvironmentalstandardsofanother?一個(gè)國(guó)家有什么權(quán)力強(qiáng)行給另一個(gè)國(guó)家制訂環(huán)境標(biāo)準(zhǔn)？33/43dictate（noun可數(shù)名詞）1命令，指令2標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，規(guī)則，準(zhǔn)則eg:TheirjobistoensurethatthedictatesofthePartyarefollowed.他們工作就是確保黨指示得到執(zhí)行。autobiography[`?toba?`ɑɡr?fi,-bi-]n.自傳；自傳文學(xué)(可數(shù)名詞）eg:Hepublishedhisautobiographylastautumn.他去年秋天出版了自己自傳。34/43commentedvt.&vi.評(píng)論，談?wù)摚╟omment過去式與過去分詞形式）1.Verb發(fā)表意見;作出評(píng)論Sofar,MrCookhasnotcommentedonthesereports...到當(dāng)前為止，庫(kù)克先生仍未就這些報(bào)道發(fā)表評(píng)論。2.N-var可變名詞(能夠可數(shù)也能夠不可數(shù)）評(píng)論;意見Iwaswonderingwhetheryouhadanycommentsaboutthat?請(qǐng)問您對(duì)此有何看法？35/433.N-sing單數(shù)名詞(通常是不好事)表達(dá)，寫照4.Convention慣用語無可奉告(通慣用于回答記者提問)Nocomment.Idon‘tknowanything.無可奉告。我什么都不知道。crushing[`kr????]adj.壓倒；決定性；支離破碎v.壓碎，壓壞(crush現(xiàn)在分詞)；鎮(zhèn)壓，征服；沖入(crush現(xiàn)在分詞）36/431.adj慘重;毀滅性;嚴(yán)重acrushingburdenofdebt...沉重債務(wù)負(fù)擔(dān)Allhadsufferedcrushingmisfortunesandhadnotbeencrushed.他們?nèi)吭馐苓^毀滅性災(zāi)難，但結(jié)果并沒有被毀掉。earthly[`?:θli]adj.地球，地上；塵世，世俗；可能1.adj塵世;世間;人世Theylivedinanearthlyparadise.他們生活在人間天堂。37/43thesorrowsofthisearthlylife塵世悲傷2.adj（用于noearthlyreason等短語中表示強(qiáng)調(diào)）根