Unit4HistoryandTraditionsReadingandThinking知識(shí)點(diǎn)課件高一英語(yǔ)人教版

[重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)]1.

把……和……連接或聯(lián)結(jié)起來(lái)

2.

屬于3.

同(一樣也);和;還4.

導(dǎo)致;造成5.

與……相似6.

按照;根據(jù)……所說(shuō)7.

增加;增添8.

導(dǎo)致;造成;引起9.

涉及,談到,提到,引證;查閱;參考10.

接收;接管11.

作為……著名join...to...

belongto

aswellasleadto

besimilarto

accordingto

addto

resultinreferto

takeover

beknownas

12.keepyoureyesopen(for)

13.breakaway(fromsb/sth)

14.ifany

15.leavebehind

16.datebackto

留心;留意

脫離;背叛;逃脫如果有的話

把……丟在后面;留下;忘帶

追溯到……重點(diǎn)詞匯1.individual

adj.單獨(dú)的;個(gè)別的

n.個(gè)人Anidiomisanexpressionwhichmeanssomethingdifferentfromthemeaningoftheindividualwords.(教材原句)習(xí)語(yǔ)是一種表達(dá)方式,它的意思與單個(gè)詞的意思不同?！驹~匯拓展】individualismn.個(gè)人主義individuallyadv.個(gè)別地【背佳句】Theywaitforthegrouptodecideinsteadofmakingindividualdecisions.他們等待團(tuán)體做決定而不是各自做出決定。2.puzzle

n.謎;智力游戲;疑問(wèn)

vt.迷惑;使困惑GettingtoknowalittlebitaboutBritishhistorywillhelpyousolvethispuzzle.(教材原句)

稍微了解一下英國(guó)歷史,就會(huì)幫助你解開(kāi)這個(gè)謎題?！驹~匯拓展】puzzleover/about苦思冥想;絞盡腦汁beinapuzzle(about)(對(duì)……)不知如何是好puzzlingadj.令人迷惑的puzzledadj.困惑的;感到迷惑的be/feelpuzzledabout對(duì)……迷惑不解【詞匯拓展】breakdown(機(jī)器)出故障;(談判等)失敗breakin插嘴;闖入breakinto闖入;突然……起來(lái)breakout(戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、火災(zāi)等)爆發(fā)breakup拆散;驅(qū)散;使(關(guān)系等)破裂;解散;分手breakthrough取得突破;克服4.belong

to

屬于Thefourcountriesthatbelong

totheUnitedKingdomworktogetherinsomeareas.(教材原句)同屬于聯(lián)合王國(guó)的四個(gè)國(guó)家在某些領(lǐng)域緊密合作?！驹~匯拓展】belongvi.應(yīng)在(某處);適應(yīng)belongto還可表示“是……的財(cái)產(chǎn);是……的組成部分;是……的成員(屬于)”,不能用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。belongingsn.

財(cái)產(chǎn);所有物;相關(guān)事物5.as

well

as

同(一樣也);和;還Theyusethesameflag,knownastheUnionJack,as

well

assharethesamecurrencyandmilitarydefence.(教材原句)像擁有同樣的貨幣和國(guó)防一樣,他們也使用同一面國(guó)旗,稱為米字旗。【詞匯拓展】aswellas同(一樣也);和;還,在句中連接同等成分aswellas后接動(dòng)詞時(shí)多用動(dòng)詞-ing形式;當(dāng)“AaswellasB”結(jié)構(gòu)作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與A在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致aswellas...同……一樣好aswell也,置于肯定句句末may/mightaswelldosth最好做某事【詞匯拓展】indefence保衛(wèi),防守indefenceof...為了保衛(wèi)……insb’sdefence為某人辯護(hù)defendvt.保護(hù);保衛(wèi)defendagainst抵御defendoneself自衛(wèi);為……辯護(hù)defend...from/against...保衛(wèi)……免受……傷害defensiveadj.防御的,保護(hù)的【詞匯拓展】surround...with...使……包圍……besurroundedwith/by被……包圍surroundingadj.

周圍的surroundingsn.

環(huán)境單句填空①It’s

(evidence)thattheystayuptoolatestudyingordoingsomethingelseatnight.

②

(evident),airpollutionisthemainfactorthathasresultedinthefrequencyofhazyweather.

完成句子③他拿不出足夠的證據(jù)證明這些錢屬于他。Hecouldn’tshow

thesemoneybelongedtohim.

evident

Evidently

enoughevidencethat

9.achievement

n.成就;成績(jī);達(dá)到Someoftheirgreatachievementsincludedbuildingtownsandroads.(教材原句)他們的一些偉大成就包括建立城鎮(zhèn)、修建了道路?！驹~匯拓展】asenseofachievement成就感 achievevt.完成;達(dá)到vi.成功achieveone’ssuccess獲得成功

achieveone’sgoal達(dá)到目標(biāo)【詞匯拓展】thereissomeevidencethat...有證據(jù)證明……evidentadj.明顯的;明白的Itisevidentthat...顯然(很明顯)……evidentlyadv.顯然,明顯地;清楚地PartI課文語(yǔ)法填空Readthetextcarefullyandfillintheblanks

WHAT'SINANAME?

TheUnitedKingdom,GreatBritain,Britain,England--manypeople___________bywhatthesedifferentnamesmean.So________isthedifferencebetweenthem,ifany?_________(get)toknowalittlebitaboutBritishhistorywillhelpyousolvethispuzzle.

Inthe16thcentury,thenearbycountryofWaleswasjoinedtotheKingdomofEngland.Later,inthe18thcentury,thecountryScotlandwasjoined_________

(create)theKingdomofGreatBritain.Inthe19thcentury,theKingdomoflreland__________(add)tocreatetheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandIreland.areconfusedwhat

GettingtocreatewasaddedPartI課文語(yǔ)法填空

Finally,inthe20thcentury,thesouthernpartoflrelandbrokeaway_______theUK

,________resultedinthefullnamewehavetoday:theUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland.Mostpeoplejustusethe_________(short)name:"theUnitedKingdom"or"theUK".PeoplefromtheUK_________(call)"British”whichmeanstheUKisalsooftenreferredto____BritainorGreatBritain.

Thefourcountries__________belongtotheUnitedKingdomworktogetherinsomeareas.Theyuse____sameflag,________(know)astheUnionJack,aswellassharethesamecurrencyandmilitary

defence.

However,theyalsohavesome__________(different).Forexample,England,WalesScotland,andNorthernIrelandallhavedifferenteducationsystemsandlegalsystems.fromwhichasshortened

arecalled

that/which

theknowndifferences(1)beinapuzzle(about)對(duì)(……)感到困惑不解apuzzletosb.對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)是個(gè)謎(2)puzzlingadj.令人迷惑的

puzzledadj.d感到困惑的bepuzzledwith/about對(duì)……迷惑不解【即學(xué)即練】④Helooked_________(puzzle),soIrepeatedthequestion.⑤Thisletter_________(puzzle)me,asweallknow.⑥Ifindthequestion________(puzzle).⑦Someparentswillbuyanyhigh-techtoyiftheythinkitwillhelptheirchild,butresearcherssaid_______(puzzle)helpchildrenwithmath-relatedskills.puzzledpuzzlespuzzlingpuzzlesPartII課文知識(shí)點(diǎn)詳解PartII課文知識(shí)點(diǎn)詳解③Therewasnoonenearbywhomightseehimtryingtobreakintothehouse.當(dāng)時(shí)附近可能沒(méi)有人看見(jiàn)他試圖闖進(jìn)那所房子。④Thefiremenarrivedshortlyafterthefirebrokeout.火災(zāi)發(fā)生沒(méi)多久,消防員就來(lái)了?！居梅ㄔ斀狻縝reakin打斷;插嘴;強(qiáng)行闖入(不及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ))breakinto突然開(kāi)始;強(qiáng)行闖入(及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ))breakout(戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng))爆發(fā);(火災(zāi))突然發(fā)生breakdown出故障;消除;分解;打破;垮掉breakup分解;解散;(關(guān)系)破裂PartII課文知識(shí)點(diǎn)詳解⑤Theboywassoangrythathebrokeaway_______hismotherandranaway.⑥AsthePresident'scararrived,thecrowdbroke______loudapplause.⑦Whenthenewscamethatthewarbroke______,hedecidedtoserveinthearmy.⑧Theycansometimesbreak_________andyouhavetospendtime.完成句子⑨Thehorse_________________myhorsepoleandranwildly.這匹馬掙脫了我的套馬桿,狂奔起來(lái)。fromintooutdownbrokeawayfromPartII課文知識(shí)點(diǎn)詳解③Pleasemakesureyouhaveallyourbelongingswithyouwhenleavingtheplane.請(qǐng)確保在下飛機(jī)時(shí)帶好所有的隨身物品。belongto屬于;是……的一員belongingn.撥belongingsn.(pl.)所有物;財(cái)物歸屬感，belongto中的to是介詞,該短語(yǔ)既不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)也不能用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài);作后置定語(yǔ)時(shí)，常用現(xiàn)在分詞PartII課文知識(shí)點(diǎn)詳解(1)aswellas常在句中連接兩個(gè)并列的句子成分(若連接主語(yǔ)及其附屬成分時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與前面的主語(yǔ)保持一致);(2)aswell“除……之外;也;還”,常位于肯定句句末,無(wú)需用逗號(hào)與句子分開(kāi)。④ManystudentsaswellasTom________(be)presentatthemeeting.(2)完成句子⑤IcanspeakfluentEnglishandIcanspeakFrench_________.我會(huì)說(shuō)流利的英語(yǔ),也會(huì)說(shuō)法語(yǔ)。⑥Youwillalwayshavethebad___________thegoodintheworld.人生在世總是有苦有甜。wereaswellaswellasPartII課文知識(shí)點(diǎn)詳解★defencen.防御;保衛(wèi)【例句】①Itisourdutytodefendourmotherland.保衛(wèi)祖國(guó)是我們的職責(zé)。②Whatpointscanberaisedindefenceofthisargument?有什么論點(diǎn)能提出來(lái)為這個(gè)說(shuō)法辯護(hù)呢?③Thesoldiersdefendedbravelyagainstenemies.戰(zhàn)士們奮勇抵御敵人。(1)defense(美)=defence(英)n.防守;防御;保衛(wèi);辯護(hù)indefence(of)保衛(wèi)(……);為……辯護(hù)(2)defendvt.defendoneself自衛(wèi);為自己辯護(hù)防御;保衛(wèi);防守;辯護(hù)defendsb.from/against保護(hù)某人免受……PartII課文知識(shí)點(diǎn)詳解5.Almosteverywhereyougointheuk,youwillbesurroundedbyevidenceoffourdifferentgroupsofpeoplewhotookoveratdifferenttimesthroughouthistory.英國(guó)歷史上有四個(gè)不同民族在不同歷史時(shí)期執(zhí)掌這個(gè)國(guó)家。無(wú)論你身處英國(guó)何方,這些民族的遺跡都隨處可見(jiàn)?！飐urroundvt.圍繞;包圍【例句】①Onceuponatime,akingwhowaspolitetosurroundingcountrieslivedinacastlesurroundedbyalargeforestandhavingwonderfulsurroundings.從前,在一個(gè)綠樹環(huán)繞、環(huán)境優(yōu)美的城堡里住著一位國(guó)王，他對(duì)鄰邦十分友好。

TheUnitedKingdom,GreatBritain,Britain,England—manypeople

areconfusedby

whatthesedifferentnamesmean.Sowhatisthedifferencebetweenthem,ifany?GettingtoknowalittlebitaboutBritishhistorywillhelpyousolvethispuzzle.

Inthe16thcentury,thenearbycountryofWaleswasjoinedtotheKingdomofEngland.Later,inthe18thcentury,thecountryScotlandwasjoinedtocreatetheKingdomofGreatBritain.Inthe19thcentury,theKingdomofIrelandwasaddedtocreatetheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandIreland.Finally,inthe20thcentury,thesouthernpartofIrelandbrokeawayfromtheUK,whichresultedinthefullnamewehavetoday:theUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland.Mostpeoplejustusetheshortenedname:“theUnitedKingdom”or“theUK”.PeoplefromtheUKarecalled“British”,whichmeanstheUKisalsooftenreferredtoasBritainorGreatBritain.beconfusedby對(duì)...感到困惑thedifferencebetween...之間的差異ifany如果有的話;ifso如果那樣的話solvethispuzzle

解決這個(gè)難題shortenv.縮短

resultin導(dǎo)致;resultfrom由于breakawayfrom

脫離;背叛；逃脫beadded加入bejoinedto加入動(dòng)名詞做主語(yǔ)

todo表目的

which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句

定語(yǔ)從句修飾

name

which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句

referto...as把…稱為DifficultSentences1.if條件狀語(yǔ)從句的省略形式Sowhatisthedifferencebetweenthem,ifany?如果有的話，那么它們之間有什么區(qū)別呢？類似用法：ifsoifnotifnecessaryifpossible如果這樣的話如果不這樣的話如果有必要的話如果可能的話你在考試中作弊了嗎？如果這樣的話，你逃脫不了懲罰。2.我可以幫你，如果有必要的話。3.請(qǐng)按時(shí)完成任務(wù)，如果不這樣的話，你逃脫不了懲罰。IfsoIcanhelpyou,Pleasefinishthetasksontime.,youwon’tgetawaywithit.ifnecessary.Ifnot,youwon’tgetawaywithit.Didyoucheatintheexam?[鞏固內(nèi)化]單句語(yǔ)法填空

①Whenthelittlegirlwasaskedsucha

question,shestoodtherewitha

lookonherface.(puzzle)

②Shelostheartsinceshefailedtheexam,becauseherfuturewas______(puzzle).

③Peoplehavelongpuzzled

howtheEgyptiansmovedsuchhugerocks.

[知識(shí)回顧](1)puzzle

about/over冥思苦想;苦苦思索

(2)a

puzzle

to

sb一件讓某人感到困惑的事情(3)be

puzzled

about對(duì)……迷惑不解

puzzlementn.迷惑，困惑puzzledadj.感到困惑的puzzlingadj.令人費(fèi)解的puzzled,confused,frightened,excited,surprised等狀態(tài)類過(guò)去分詞就是形容詞,用來(lái)修飾說(shuō)明人時(shí),除了可以用來(lái)描述人的心理活動(dòng)以外,還可以用來(lái)修飾與人有關(guān)的一些名詞,如look,voice,smile,expression,face等。puzzlingpuzzled

puzzling

over/about[鞏固內(nèi)化]單句語(yǔ)法填空

①Whenthelittlegirlwasaskedsucha

question,shestoodtherewitha

lookonherface.(puzzle)

②Shelostheartsinceshefailedtheexam,becauseherfuturewas______(puzzle).

③Peoplehavelongpuzzled

howtheEgyptiansmovedsuchhugerocks.

puzzlingpuzzled

[鞏固內(nèi)化]短語(yǔ)適當(dāng)形式填空

①However,thesouthernpartofIrelandwasunwillingand

toformitsowngovernment.

②Ifyougoonworkinglikethat,youwill

soonerorlater.

③Inmyopinion,marriagebasedonmoneyislikelyto

.

④Fire

duringthenight.

[知識(shí)歸納]break

down損壞;發(fā)生故障;分解;累垮

break

into破門而入break

out(戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng))爆發(fā);(火災(zāi))突然發(fā)生

break

up

結(jié)束;破裂

break

in破門而入;打斷;插話brokeawaybreakdown

breakup

brokeout

belongto屬于worktogether團(tuán)結(jié)

aswellas

也，和currencyn.通貨,貨幣

militarydefence軍事防御

legalsystem法律體系

illegaladj.不合法的illegallyadv.不合法地

定語(yǔ)從句修飾

countries

過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)，修飾thesameflag

非限制性定語(yǔ)從句whichisknownastheUnionJack[鞏固內(nèi)化]單句語(yǔ)法填空

①Havingsoldmostofhis

(belong),healmosthadnothingleftinthehouse.

②Inmyopinion,you’dbetterputthebook

itbelongs.

③Thewoodenhouse

(belong)tomeisbeingdecoratednow.

[知識(shí)回顧](1)belong

to屬于;是……的成員;是……的組成部分(2)belonging

n.歸屬感;所有物a

sense

of

belonging歸屬感belongings

n.所有物;財(cái)產(chǎn)[知識(shí)點(diǎn)撥]belongto沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài),用作非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)要使用動(dòng)詞-ing形式。belongings

where

belonging

[知識(shí)回顧](1)as

well

as“既……又……”,可連接兩個(gè)平行結(jié)構(gòu)。連接兩個(gè)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式與as

well

as之前的主語(yǔ)一致。(2)as

well“也;又;還”,常放在句子末尾,作為副詞短語(yǔ)使用。(3)may/might

as

well

do

sth倒不如做某事;不妨做某事wasgivenmay/mighthaving

TheUnitedKingdomhasalongandinterestinghistory

toexplore,whichcanhelpyouunderstandmuchmoreaboutthecountryanditstraditions.AlmosteverywhereyougointheUK,youwillbesurroundedby

evidenceoffourdifferentgroupsofpeople

whotookoveratdifferenttimesthroughouthistory.Thefirstgroup,theRomans,cameinthefirstcentury.Someoftheirgreatachievementsincludedbuildingtownsandroads.Next,theAnglo-Saxonsarrivedinthefifthcentury.TheyintroducedthebeginningsoftheEnglishlanguage,andchangedthewaypeoplebuilthouses.TheVikingscameintheeighthcentury,leftbehindlotsofnewvocabulary,andalsothenamesofmanylocationsacrosstheUK.ThelastgroupweretheNormans.TheyconqueredEnglandafterthewell-knownBattleofHastingsinthe11thcentury.Theyhadcastlesbuil