英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞分類

英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞分類

動(dòng)詞的分類實(shí)義動(dòng)詞系動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞（一）實(shí)義動(dòng)詞_________本身意義不完整，需要接賓語(yǔ)才能使其意思完整。

Ilikethebook.2.___________自身意思完整，無(wú)需接賓語(yǔ)。

Birdscanfly.及物動(dòng)詞不及物動(dòng)詞實(shí)義動(dòng)詞主要考察詞義辨析1,動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)IlikeEnglishverymuch.2,動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)WecallthebirdPolly(n.).1）動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+名詞（n）（賓補(bǔ)）choose,consider,elect,make,namewechosehimourmonitor

2）動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+不定式(todo)（賓補(bǔ)）

adviseallowcauseenable

encouragefindforbidforcewishinviteorderpermitpersuaderemindtellwarnexpectwish3）動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+省略to的不定式（賓補(bǔ)）一些動(dòng)詞要掌握，have,let和make,此三動(dòng)詞是使役，“注意”“觀察”“聽到”see，還有feel和watch，使用它們要仔細(xì)，后接“賓補(bǔ)”略去“to”，此點(diǎn)千萬(wàn)要牢記一感feel,二聽hear,listento,三讓have,let,make,四看see,lookat,observe,watch4）動(dòng)詞+adj(做補(bǔ)語(yǔ))colour,keep,find,get,leave,make,paint,cutPleasecolouritred.Ifinditinteresting.5）動(dòng)詞加現(xiàn)在分詞做補(bǔ)語(yǔ)get

/

leave

/

keep

/

set

/

catch

/

have

sb.

doing;

see

/

find

/

watch

/

feel

/

hear

/

listen

to

/

discover

sb.

doing

如:他讓我等了整整一上午。He

kept

me

waiting

the

whole

morning.

6）動(dòng)詞加過(guò)去分詞（補(bǔ)語(yǔ)）過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)時(shí)，常見的詞有have,get,make

havesthdone我理發(fā)了。Ihavehadmyhaircut.我讓別人明白了。Imademyselfheard.Imademyselfhearthatsong.3.動(dòng)詞+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)bring,hand,lend,mail,offer,owe,pass,post,read,return,send,sell,show,take,teach,tell,throw,write+sb+sth/sthtosbbook,buy,choosecook,draw,fetchfind,fix,getmake,order,pickpreparesavesingsparesteal+sbsth/sthforsb不及物動(dòng)詞1.沒(méi)有被動(dòng)形式的詞happen,occur,rise,lie,die2.主動(dòng)表示被動(dòng)的詞。動(dòng)詞+(well,poorly,easily)sell,wash,burn,cook,cut,drive,dress,play,last,open,write,start,run,read,operate,break,measure,weigh1.Drywoodburnseasily.2.Theclothwasheswell.既作及物又有不及物動(dòng)詞的詞他跑的快。Herunsfast.他經(jīng)營(yíng)一家工廠。Herunsafactory.study，fly，run,change二、動(dòng)詞考察點(diǎn)分項(xiàng)說(shuō)明：（一）、掌握動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在時(shí)第三人稱單數(shù)、過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞四種形式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則；

1、動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在時(shí)的第三人稱單數(shù)的構(gòu)成：2、動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式及過(guò)去分詞的構(gòu)成

①規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的變化：

規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞的構(gòu)成方法是相同的。②不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的變化。（見九年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞表）3、動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞的構(gòu)成：三、掌握系動(dòng)詞be,look,feel,smell,get,become,turn,keep等的基本用法；

常見的連系動(dòng)詞有：become,turn,get,grow,keep,feel,look,seem,smell,fall等。它們后面常接形容詞，構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)。

Pleasekeeptheclassroomclean.請(qǐng)保持教室的干凈。

Thebreadlooksveryfresh.這些面包看上去很新鮮。狀態(tài)變化系動(dòng)詞gocometurngrowfallgetbecome四、掌握助動(dòng)詞be,do,have,shall,will的基本用法；

助動(dòng)詞是“輔助性”動(dòng)詞，一般沒(méi)有詞義，不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)，但可用來(lái)幫助構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)，表示不同的時(shí)態(tài)，語(yǔ)態(tài)，和數(shù)的變化。

常見的助動(dòng)詞有：（1）be(am,is,are,was,were,being,been)與現(xiàn)在分詞結(jié)合，構(gòu)成各種進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)；或與過(guò)去分詞結(jié)合構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

I’mlookingformypen.我正在找我的筆。（現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)）

ThesecupsaremadeinChina.這些杯子是中國(guó)制造的。（被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）（2）have(has,had,having)與過(guò)去分詞結(jié)合，構(gòu)成完成時(shí)。

Theyhaveknowneachotherfortwentyyears.

他們互相認(rèn)識(shí)有二十年了。（現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)）

Hehadbuiltachemistrylabforhimselfattheageoften.

他十歲時(shí)就已經(jīng)為自己建了一個(gè)化學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)室。（過(guò)去完成時(shí)）（3）助動(dòng)詞do(does,did)后只能跟動(dòng)詞原形，與not及其他動(dòng)詞結(jié)合構(gòu)成否定句，或置于主語(yǔ)之前構(gòu)成疑問(wèn)句。

HedoesnotspeakEnglish.他不說(shuō)英語(yǔ)。

Whendidhecomeback?他什么時(shí)候回來(lái)的？（4）will(would),shall(should)：will能用于一般將來(lái)時(shí)的任何人稱后；would是will的過(guò)去時(shí)，能用于過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)；兩者后面都接動(dòng)詞原形。

Theplanewillarriveintenminutes.飛機(jī)十分中后將要到達(dá)。

Iwassurewewouldwin.我確信用我們會(huì)贏。shall與should這兩個(gè)助動(dòng)詞本身沒(méi)有詞義，shall只能用于一般將來(lái)時(shí)的第一人稱后；should是shall的過(guò)

去時(shí)，只能用于過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)的第一人稱后；兩者后面都接動(dòng)詞原形。Weshallmeetattheschoolgatetomorrow.我們明天將在校門口見。

ItoldthemthatIshoulddotheworkalone.我告訴他們我將獨(dú)自做那項(xiàng)工作。（五）掌握情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can,must,need,may等基本句型結(jié)構(gòu)及主要用法①情態(tài)動(dòng)詞在英文中是“輔助性”動(dòng)詞，用來(lái)表示說(shuō)話人的語(yǔ)氣或情態(tài)，包括請(qǐng)求、命令、允諾、可能、需要、敢于、愿望、義務(wù)、能力等。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞本身有詞義，但詞義不完全，不能單獨(dú)用作謂語(yǔ)，沒(méi)有人稱和數(shù)的變化，且后面只跟動(dòng)詞原形。

②

情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的種類：一、連系動(dòng)詞類①變化類:become,get,turn,grow,make,come,go,fallgobad/hungry/mad/wrongfall(fell-fallen)ill/asleep※feel(felt-felt)sick/sleepy②感觀類:look,sound,feel,taste,smellHisvoicesounds________.A.wellB.beautifullyC.excellentD.wonderfullyC③顯得類:seem,appear,look

ItlooksItseemsthat…Itappearsthat…④狀態(tài)類:keep,stay,remain

★prove,turnout1.Theweatherwill_____hotforanothertwoweeks.A.lastB.remainC.getD.turn2.Thehotweatherwill____anothertwodays.A.lastB.remainC.getD.turnBATheweatherturnedout(tobe)fine.Heproved(tobe)honest/anhonestperson.注：be,become,turn,remain可帶名詞Heremainsateacher.=Heisstillateacher.1.Hebecame_____teacher.A.aB.theC.anD./

A二、使役、感觀動(dòng)詞類：let(不用于被動(dòng)）,make,havesee,lookat,watch,notice,observe,hearlistento,feel1.Thebossmadethem_____12hoursaday.A.workB.toworkC.workedD.working2.Theyweremade_______12hoursaday.A.workB.toworkC.workedD.workingAB口訣：不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)省to的動(dòng)詞【速記口訣】一感，二聽，三讓，四看，半幫助【妙語(yǔ)詮釋】一感：feel；二聽：hear，listento；三讓：make，let，have；四看：see，notice，watch，observe；半幫助：help三、主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)類：

(well,poorly,easily)sell,wash,burn,cook,cut,drive,dress,play,last,open,write,start,run,read,operate,break,measure,weigh1.Drywoodburnseasily.2.Theclothwasheswell.3.Themanalwaysdresseswell/poorly.4.Yourcompositionreadswellexceptforafewspellingmistakes.5.----Haveyougotaticketfortheconcert?----No,thetickets______wellandthey_______outlastweek.A.sell;weresoldB.sell;soldC.sell;havebeensoldD.aresell;sold

A6.Don’tgetthatinkonyourwhiteshirt,forit______.A.won’twashoutB.doesn’twashawayC.isn’twashingoutD.hasn’twashedaway7.Theytriedtogetthecar_______,butitwon’t______.A.started;startB.tostart;startC.started;startedD.tostart;tostart

AA四、只接動(dòng)名詞做賓語(yǔ)的詞/詞組mind,risk,avoid,enjoy,miss,keep,suggest,appreciate,practice,delay,finish,dislike,excuse,imagine,consider,forbid,escapeadmit,advise,allow,putoff,giveup,beworth,bebusydevote…to,lookforwardto,beusedto,leadto,succeedin,spend/wastetime(in)haveagood/hardtime(in)havedifficulty/trouble(in)thereisnouse(in)1.Shelookedforwardeveryspringto_____theflower-linedgarden.A.visitB.payingavisitC.walkinD.walkingin2.Iwouldappreciate______backthisafternoon.A.youtocallB.youcallC.yourcallingD.you’recalling3.Thedayhehaslookedforwardto______atlast.AingB.cameCeDesDCB口訣：喜歡、考慮不可免（enjoy,consider,escape,avoid）

停止，放棄太冒險(xiǎn)（stop,giveup,risk）

反對(duì)想象莫推延（mind,imagine,delay,putoff）

要求完成是期望（require,finish,lookforwardto.）

建議繼續(xù)勤操練（suggest,goon,practice）

不禁原諒要堅(jiān)持（can’thelp,excuse,insiston）

繼續(xù)注意使成功（keepon,mind,succeedin）

五、只接不定式作賓語(yǔ)的詞/詞組decide,expect,hope,wish,order,refuse,promise,pretend,agree,seem,attempt,fail,offer,happen,warn,affordmakeupone’smindto,bedeterminedtousedto,beaboutto,beableto,havetowouldlike/loveto=shouldlike/loveto1.Iwouldlove______tothepartylastnight.A.togoB.tohavegoneC.goingD.havinggoneA2.MrSmithwarnedherson______afterdrinking.A.nevertodriveB.toneverdriveC.neverdrivingD.neverdrive3.Shepretended_____mewhenIpassedby.A.nottoseeB.notseeingC.tonotseeD.havingnotseenAA口訣1：三個(gè)希望兩答應(yīng)：hope，wish，want，agree，promise兩個(gè)要求莫拒絕：demand，ask，refuse設(shè)法學(xué)會(huì)做決定：manage，learn，decide不要假裝在選擇：pretend，choose口訣2：“要想干，同意辦，愿意不愿意，決定盡量干?！?/p>

a要求，想要，希望(want,wish,hope,expect,intend,mean)

b同意(agree,promise)

c意愿(care,hate,refuse)

d決定，企圖(determine,decide,offer,attempt,try,manage)

六、賓語(yǔ)不同、意義不同1)goontodo/goondoing2)stoptodo/stopdoing3)remembertodo/rememberdoing4)forgettodo/forgetdoing5)meantodo/meandoing6)regrettodo/regretdoing7)trytodo/trydoing8)can’thelp(to)do/can’thelpdoing

★can’thelpbutdo=can’tbutdo=havetodoIcan’thelpbuttellhimthetruth.1.---Iusuallygotherebytrain.---Whynot______byboatforachange?A.totrygoingB.tryingtogoC.totryandgoD.trygoing2.---Thelightintheofficeisstillon.---Oh,Iforgot_______.A.turningitoffB.turnitoffC.toturnitoffD.havingturneditoff

DC口訣：能接不定式，又能接動(dòng)名詞，但意思不同的動(dòng)詞或詞組：

forget,goon,mean,remember,stop,try，regret,巧記，

即"四'記'力爭(zhēng)不后悔"。四記指(記得/記住；忘記；計(jì)劃/打算；繼續(xù))；力爭(zhēng)指try；不后悔指"stop

regretting"-stop與regret。

七、接動(dòng)名詞、不定式意義區(qū)別不大begin,start,continue,like,love,hatepreferItbeganraining.Itisbeginningtorain.Ipreferstayinghometogoingout.Iprefertostayhomeratherthangoout.Tiredashewas,hecontinuedtowork.=Thoughhewasverytired,hecontinued

working.Helikesplayingfootball,buthedoesn’tliketoplayfootballtoday.八、賓語(yǔ)不同、但意義相同need,require,want,deserveTheroomrequirestobecleaned.

=Theroomrequirescleaning.1.Thissentenceneeds_________.A.animprovementB.improveC.improvingD.improvedC2.Thebabyneeds________.A.lookedafterB.lookingafterC.lookafterD.tolookafterB九、接賓語(yǔ)和賓補(bǔ)、形式不同allow,permit,forbid,advise,admitconsiderWeforbidsmokinghere.Weforbidanybodytosmokehere.Youareforbiddentosmokehere.口訣：advise,forbid,understand,suppose,consider,allow,permit.連接首字母即為afu'scap（阿福的帽子）

阿福的帽子，代表七動(dòng)詞，賓補(bǔ)不定式，賓語(yǔ)動(dòng)名詞

十、接虛擬語(yǔ)氣的詞1)insist2)order,command4)advise,suggest,propose,recommend4)demand,ask,require,request1.Heorderedthatwe(should)leaveatonce.2.Hisorderthatwe(should)leaveatoncewasright.3.Heinsistedthathisbrother_____there.