2024年人教版中考英語二輪語法復(fù)習(xí)專題主謂一致

專題主謂一致中考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)語法梳理1知識梳理2考點精講精練Challenge

yourself判斷下列句子是否保持主謂一致，正確的填“T”，錯誤的填“F”。（

T

）1.Sofar，thenumberofpandashasdropped.（

F

）2.Readinggoodbooksaremeaningfultoourfuture.（

T

）3.Hereissomeadvicetohelpyoumakeawisechoice.（

F

）4.Robertwithhistwokidsgotothebeachforvacationeveryyear.（

T

）5.NotonlyPeterbutalsohisfatheriscrazyaboutthebasketballmatch.TFTFT語法一致原則知識點1?基礎(chǔ)題1.（2023·牡丹江改編）XuMengtaowonthe2022TouchingChinaaward.Nevergivingup??

is

?（be）thekeytohersuccess.2.（2022·黔東南改編）Inourschoollibrary，there??

are

?（be）anumberofbooksonart.Thenumberofthebooks??

is

?（be）stillgrowinglargerandlarger.is

are

is

3.（2021·巴中改編）—Amazing！Tomgotthebestgradeinthetestlastweek.—Nothing??

is

?（be）impossible.Hestudiesreallyhardthisterm.is

4.Thispairofgloves??

ismade

?（make）ofwool

andthey??

aremade

?（make）byhand.5.ThisEnglishbook，togetherwithitslisteningmaterial，??

sells

?（sell）well.ismade

aremade

sells

?易錯題6.Heisoneofmyfriendswho??

are

?（be）workinghard.7.Weeach??

have

?（have）strongpointsandeachofusontheotherhand??

has

?（have）weakpoints.8.Youcansee70％oftheclass??

are

?（be）doingmostofthework.Therestofthework??

is

?（be）reallyhard.are

have

has

are

is

?

?主謂一致是指句子的謂語與其主語在人稱和數(shù)等方面必須保持一致。主謂一致必須遵循三原則：語法一致原則，意義一致原則，就近一致原則。語法一致原則是指謂語動詞與主語在人稱和數(shù)上要保持一致，即主語是單數(shù)，謂語動詞用單數(shù)；主語是復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。主語謂語動詞的數(shù)例句不可數(shù)名詞、單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞、第三人稱單數(shù)單數(shù)Theyoungman??

is

?fromChangsha.那位年輕人來自長沙。復(fù)數(shù)名詞、人稱代詞復(fù)數(shù)及第二人稱單數(shù)you復(fù)數(shù)Thechildren??

were

?intheclassroomtwohoursago.孩子們兩小時前在教室里。both…and…連接的名詞、代詞復(fù)數(shù)BothTomandSam??

play

?thedrumswell.湯姆和薩姆鼓打得都很好。is

were

play

主語謂語動詞的數(shù)例句動詞不定式、動詞的-ing形式或從句單數(shù)Runningeverymorning??

is

?goodforus.每天早晨跑步對我們有益。Whathesaid??

is

?nottrue.他說的不是真的。oneof＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)/復(fù)數(shù)代詞單數(shù)Oneofthebooks??

is

?boring.這些書里有一本很無聊。is

is

is

主語謂語動詞的數(shù)例句either，neither，each，every或no＋單數(shù)名詞單數(shù)Eachstudent??

has

?anEnglishdictionary.每個學(xué)生都有一本英語詞典。由every-，some-，any-，no-構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞單數(shù)Nothing??

is

?difficultifyouputyourheartintoit.世上無難事，只怕有心人。has

is

主語謂語動詞的數(shù)例句主語后面跟有with，togetherwith，except，but，like，aswellas，including等取決于前面主語的數(shù)，即“就遠(yuǎn)原則”Theteacherwithhisstudents??

is

?goingtovisitthemuseum.那個老師和他的學(xué)生們將去參觀博物館。分?jǐn)?shù)/百分?jǐn)?shù)＋of＋名詞取決于短語后面的名詞的數(shù)Threefifthsoftheworkersinthefactory??

are

?men.工廠里五分之三的工人是男性。is

are

主語謂語動詞的數(shù)例句alotof/lotsof/plentyof/therestof＋名詞取決于短語后面的名詞的數(shù)Lotsofpeople??

havebeen

?totheGreatWall.很多人去過長城。定語從句中，關(guān)系代詞that，who，which作主語時與先行詞的數(shù)保持一致Ilikethestudentswho??

study

?hard.我喜歡努力學(xué)習(xí)的學(xué)生。havebeen

study

主語謂語動詞的數(shù)例句anumberof＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)Anumberofbooks??

are

?givenawaytothepoorstudents.許多書被捐贈給了那些貧窮的學(xué)生。thenumberof＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)Thenumberofthestudentsinourclass??

is

?50.我們班學(xué)生的數(shù)量是50。are

is

主語謂語動詞的數(shù)例句apairof＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)Apairofnewshoes??

isgiven

?tohimasapresentbyhisgrandma.他奶奶送給他一雙新鞋作為禮物。數(shù)詞＋pairs/kinds＋of＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)Sixtypairsofsocks??

aresold

?everyweekonaverageintheshop.這個商店平均每周賣60雙襪子。isgiven

aresold

意義一致原則知識點2?基礎(chǔ)題1.Thefamily??

are

?（be）allfondoflisteningtomusic.2.（2022·湘西改編）There??

is

?（be）onlyoneearthbutbillionsof（數(shù)十億）peopleintheworld，soweshouldprotecttheearth.3.（2023·達州改編）—NeitherLilynorherparents??

were

?（be）outdoorswhentherainstormcame.are

is

were

4.（2021·營口改編）Onethousandkilometers??

was

?（be）quitealongwaytotheancients，butnowwecancompletethejourneyinaboutonehourbyair.5.（2022·郴州改編）—ThesongTogether

for

a

Shared

Futureisverypopularnow.—That’sforsure！Boththeyoungandtheold??

like

?（like）it.was

like

?易錯題6.Idon’tthinkthenewsinthenewspaper??

is

?（be）true.7.Thisismygoodfriend，Lucy.NotonlyshebutalsoI??

am

?（be）goodatrecycling.Weoftenmakesometoysoutofwaste.8.Apoetandartist??

is

?（be）comingtospeaktousaboutChineseliteratureandpaintingtomorrow.is

am

is

?

?意義一致原則是指從意義上處理主謂一致關(guān)系。謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式取決于主語所表示的概念。主語謂語動詞的數(shù)例句有些詞如maths，news，physics雖以-s結(jié)尾，但表示單數(shù)意義單數(shù)Mathsisoneofthemostimportantsubjects.數(shù)學(xué)是最重要的學(xué)科之一。主語謂語動詞的數(shù)例句集體名詞（如：family/class/team/group/public等）取決于主語的意義HisfamilyisgoingtomovetoNanjing.他一家要搬到南京。（作為整體時，用單數(shù)）Thewholefamilyarehavingdinner.全家人正在吃飯。（作家庭成員講時，用復(fù)數(shù)）主語謂語動詞的數(shù)例句表示時間、距離、金錢、重量等名詞單數(shù)Fivepoundsisenough.五英鎊就足夠了。Threeyearshaspassedquickly.三年的時間很快就過去了。主語謂語動詞的數(shù)例句the＋姓氏名詞復(fù)數(shù)，表示“……一家人；……夫婦”復(fù)數(shù)TheSmithshavedecidedtogotoKunmingforholiday.史密斯一家人已經(jīng)決定去昆明度假了。the＋形容詞，表示一類人復(fù)數(shù)Theyoungareenergetic.年輕人精力充沛。主語謂語動詞的數(shù)例句“morethana/an＋單數(shù)名詞”或“manya/an＋單數(shù)名詞”單數(shù)Manyastudenthasseenthefilm.許多學(xué)生看過這部電影。and連接并列主語，表示同一個人或物（注：and后面無冠詞）單數(shù)Thedoctorandwriter??

is

?veryfamous.這位醫(yī)生兼作家非常有名。is

就近一致原則知識點3就近一致原則是指謂語動詞的數(shù)要與它緊鄰的名詞或代詞的數(shù)保持一致。therebe/herebe句型：當(dāng)主語是并列的人或事物時，be動詞與最靠近的主語保持一致There??

is

?atableandtwochairsintheroom.房間里有一張桌子和兩把椅子。There??

are

?twochairsandatableintheroom.房間里有兩把椅子和一張桌子。is

are

由either…or…（或者……或者……），neither…nor…（既不……，也不……；兩者都不），notonly…butalso…（不但……而且……）等詞連接并列主語時，謂語動詞跟鄰近的主語保持一致Neitheryounorhe??

is

?right.你和他都不對。EitheryouorI??

am

?wrong.不是你錯了，就是我錯了。NotonlyhebutalsoI??

am

?invited.不僅他被邀請了，我也被邀請了。is

am

am

3試題演練

根據(jù)語境,用be動詞或所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.(2023·江蘇淮安二模改編)—Didyouhaveagoodtimeatthepartylastnight?—Yes,butthenumberofstudents

lessthan20,sowewenthomeearly.

2.(2023·四川自貢改編)—What’syourplanforthecomingDragonBoatFestival?—Mostofus

readytomakezongzi.

3.Ourgroup

discussingheatedlyonthesubjectnow.

wasareare

4.Smogandhazeisakindofairpollution.It

(make)people

(worry)abouttheirhealth.

5.Everyman,womanandchild

(know)somehistory,enoughatleast,tosurviveintheworld.

6.BothJacksonandCaroline

interestedinwatchingcartoons,becausethey’refunny.

7.Theoldwoman,togetherwithhertwograndsons,

crossingtheroad.