2023年高考真題-英語（全國乙卷）

2023年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試（全國乙卷）

英語學(xué)科

第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂

到答題卡上。

第一節(jié)（共5小題;每小題分，滿分分）

聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。

例：Howmuchistheshirt?

8.C.￡9.15.

答案是C。

1.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?

A.Inthebookstore.B.Intheregisteroffice.C.Inthedormbuilding.

2.Whatistheweatherlikenow?

A.Sunny.B.Cloudy.C.Rainy.

3.Whatdoesthemanwanttodoontheweekend?

A.Dosomegardening.B.Haveabarbecue.C.Gofishing.

4.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?

A.Anewoffice.B.Achangeoftheirjobs.C.Aformercolleague.

5.WhatdoweknowaboutAndrew?

A.He'soptimistic.B.He'sactive.C.He'sshy.

第二節(jié)（共15小題;每小題分，滿分分）

聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中

選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各

小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間，每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.Whichofthefollowingdoesthewomandislike?

A.Thebedroom.B.Thesittingroom.C.Thekitchen.

7.Whatdoesthewomansuggesttheydonext?

A.Gotoanotheragency.B.Seesomeotherflats.C.Visittheneighbours.

聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。

8.Whatisthemandoing?

A.He'smakingaphonecall.

B.He'schairingameeting.

C.He'shostingaprogram.

9.WhatmakesMrs.JohnsonworriedaboutherdaughterinAfrica?

A.Lackofmedicalsupport.

B.Inconvenienceofcommunication.

C.Poortransportationsystem.

聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。

10.Whatpositiondoesthemanapplyfor?

A.Asalesperson.B.Anengineer.C.Anaccountant.

11.Whichaspectofthecompanyappealstotheman?

A.Thecompanyculture.

B.Thefreeaccommodations.

C.Thecompetitivepay.

12.Whatisdifficultforthemantodealwith?

A.Interpersonalrelationships.

B.Quality-quantitybalance.

C.Unplannedhappenings.

聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。

13.HowdoesRobertsoundwhenspeakingofhisbeingawriter?

A.Hopeful.B.Grateful.C.Doubtful.

14.WhatwasRobertlikebeforehewas9yearsold?

A.Hehadwildimagination.B.Heenjoyedsports.C.Helovedscience.

15.WhatdidRoberfsfatherdo?

A.Ateacher.B.Acoach.C.Alibrarian.

16.WhathelpedRobertbecomeawriter?

A.Writingdaily.B.Listeningtostories.C.Readingextensively.

聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。

17.WherewasOpenTchaikovskyCompetitionheldin1986?

A.InMoscow.B.InChelyabinsk.C.InBerlin.

18.WhatdoesMaximsayaboutthecompetitionheattendedat10?

A.Itinspiredmanyyoungmusicians.

B.Itwasthemusiceventofhisdreams.

C.Itwasalife-changingexperience.

19.Whichkindofmusicaretheyoungplayersrequiredtoplay?

A.Rockmusic.B.Popmusic.C.Classicalmusic.

20.WhatdoesMaximvaluemostinyoungplayers5performance?

A.Expressiveness.B.Smoothness.C.Completeness.

第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)

第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

PRACTITIONERS

JacquelineFelicedeAlmania(c.1322)JamesBarry(c.1789—1865)was

highlightsthesuspicionthatwomenpracticingbornMargaretBulkleyinIrelandbut,

medicinefaced.BorntoaJewishfamilyindressedasaman,shewasacceptedby

Florence,shemovedtoPariswheresheworkedEdinburghUniversitytostudymedicine.

asaphysicianandperformedsurgery.In1322Shequalifiedasasurgeonin1813,then

shewastriedforpracticingunlawfully.InspiteofjoinedtheBritishArmy,servingoverseas.

thecourthearingtestimonials(證明)ofherBarryretiredin1859,havingpracticedher

abilityasadoctor,shewasbannedfromentiremedicalprofessionlivingand

medicine.workingasaman.

TanYunxian(1461——1554)wasaChineseRebeccaLeeCrumpler(1831—1895)

physicianwholearnedherskillsfromherworkedasanurseforeightyearsbefore

grandparents.ChinesewomenatthetimecouldstudyinginmedicalcollegeinBostonin

notserveapprenticeships(學(xué)徒期)withdoctors.1860.Fouryearslater,shewasthefirst

However,Tanpassedtheofficialexam.TanAfricanAmericanwomantoreceivea

treatedwomenfromallwalksoflife.In1511,medicaldegree.ShemovedtoVirginiain

Tanwroteabook,SayingsofaFemaleDoctor,1865,wheresheprovidedmedicalcareto

describingherlifeasaphysician.freedslaves.

1.WhatdidJacquelineandJameshaveincommon?

A.Doingteachingjobs.B.Beinghiredasphysicians.

C.Performingsurgery.D.Beingbannedfrommedicine.

2.HowwasTanYunxiandifferentfromtheotherpractitioners?

A.Shewroteabook.B.Shewentthroughtrials.

C.Sheworkedasadentist.D.Shehadformaleducation.

3.WhowasthefirstAfricanAmericanwithamedicaldegree?

AJacquelineFelicedeAlmania.B.TanYunxian.

C.JamesBarry.D.RebeccaLeeCrumpler.

【答案】l.C2.A3.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了四位從醫(yī)人員的生平與事跡。

【1題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通過文章第一部分中的“BorntoaJewishfamilyinFlorence,shemovedtoPariswheresheworked

asaphysicianandperformedsurgery.（她出生于佛羅倫薩的一個(gè)猶太家庭，搬到巴黎當(dāng)醫(yī)生并做外科手術(shù)）”

以及第二部分中的“Shequalifiedasasurgeonin1813（她獲得了做外科醫(yī)生的資格）”和“Barryretiredin

1859,havingpracticedherentiremedicalprofessionlivingandworkingasaman.（Barry于1859年退休，她以男

人的身份生活和工作，從事了整個(gè)醫(yī)學(xué)職業(yè)）”可知，Jacqueline和James的共同點(diǎn)是都有資格進(jìn)行外科手術(shù)。

故選C。

【2題詳解】

推理判斷題。通讀全文，再根據(jù)文章第三部分中的“Tanwroteabook,SayingsofaFemaleDoctor,describingher

lifeasaphysician.（Tan寫了一本書《女醫(yī)生的故事》，描述了她作為一名醫(yī)生的生活）”可推知，Tan與其他

從業(yè)人員的不同之處在于她寫了一本書。故選A。

【3題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通過文章第一部分中的“Fouryearslater,shewasthefirstAfricanAmericanwomantoreceivea

medicaldegree.（四年后，她成為第一位獲得醫(yī)學(xué)學(xué)位的非裔美國女性）”可知，RebeccaLeeCrumpler是第一

位獲得醫(yī)學(xué)學(xué)位的非裔美國人。故選D。

LivinginIowaandtryingtobecomeaphotographerspecializinginlandscape（風(fēng)景）canbequiteachallenge,

mainlybecausethecomstatelacksgeographicalvariation.

AlthoughlandscapesintheMidwesttendtobequitesimilar,eitherfarmfieldsorhighways,sometimesIfind

distinctivecharacterinthehillsorlakes.Tomakesomeofmylandscapeshots,Ihavetraveleduptofourhoursaway

toshootwithina1O-minutetimeframe.Itendtotravelwithafewofmyfriendstostateparksortothecountrysideto

goonadventuresandtakephotosalongtheway.

Beingattherightplaceattherighttimeisdecisiveinanystyleofphotography.Ioftenleaveearlytoseekthe

rightdestinationssoIcansetupearlytoavoidmissingthemomentIamattemptingtophotograph.Ihavemissed

plentyofbeautifulsunsets/sunrisesduetobeingonthespotonlyfiveminutesbeforethebestmoment.

OnetimemyfriendsandIdrovethreehourstoDevil'sLake,Wisconsin,toclimbthepurplequartz（石英）rock

aroundthelake.Afterwefoundacrazy-lookingroadthathungoverabunchofrocks,wedecidedtophotographthe

sceneatsunset.Thepositionenabledustolookoverthelakewiththesunsetinthebackground.Wemanagedtoleave

thisspottoclimbhigherbecauseofthesparetimeuntilsunset.However,wedidnotmarktheroute（路線）sowe

endedupalmostmissingthesunsetentirely.Oncewefoundtheplace,itwasstressfulgettinglightsandcamerasset

upinthelimitedtime.Still,lookingbackonthephotos,theyaresomeofmybestshotsthoughtheycouldhavebeen

somuchbetterifIwouldhavebeenpreparedandmanagedmytimewisely.

4.HowdoestheauthordealwiththechallengeasalandscapephotographerintheMidwest?

A.Byteamingupwithotherphotographers.B.Byshootinginthecountrysideorstateparks.

C.Bystudyingthegeographicalconditions.D.Bycreatingsettingsinthecomfields.

5.Whatisthekeytosuccessfullandscapephotographyaccordingtotheauthor?

A.Propertimemanagement.B.Goodshootingtechniques.

C.Adventurousspirit.D.Distinctivestyles.

6.WhatcanweinferfromtheauthortripwithfriendstoDevil'sLake?

A.Theywentcrazywiththepurplequartzrock.

B.Theyfeltstressedwhilewaitingforthesunset.

C.Theyreachedtheshootingspotlaterthanexpected.

D.Theyhadproblemswiththeiremipment.

7.HowdoestheauthorfindhisphotostakenatDeviFsLake?

A.Amusing.B.Satisfying.

C.Encouraging.D.Comforting.

【答案】4.B5.A6.C7.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者作為一名風(fēng)景攝影師，在攝影途中發(fā)生的一些所見所聞。

【4題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通過文章第二段“Itendtotravelwithafewofmyfriendstostateparksortothecountrysidetogoon

adventuresandtakephotosalongtheway.（我傾向于和幾個(gè)朋友一起去州立公園或鄉(xiāng)村探險(xiǎn)，沿途拍照）”可

知，作為一名中西部的風(fēng)景攝影師，作者應(yīng)對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)的方式是去鄉(xiāng)村或州立公園拍攝。故選B。

【5題詳解】

推理判斷題。通過文章最后一段“Still,lookingbackonthephotos,theyaresomeofmybestshotsthoughthey

couldhavebeensomuchbetterifIwouldhavebeenpreparedandmanagedmytimewisely.（盡管如止匕，回顧這些

照片，它們?nèi)匀皇俏易詈玫囊恍┱掌?，盡管如果我能明智地準(zhǔn)備和管理我的時(shí)間，它們本可以拍得更好）”

可推知，作者認(rèn)為，風(fēng)景攝影成功的關(guān)鍵是適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)間管理。故選A。

【6題詳解】

推理判斷題。通過文章最后一段“However,wedidnotmarktheroute（路線）soweendedupalmostmissingthe

sunsetentirely.（然而，我們沒有標(biāo)出路線，所以我們幾乎完全錯(cuò)過了日落）”可推知，作者在與朋友的魔鬼湖

之旅中，到達(dá)拍攝地點(diǎn)的時(shí)間比預(yù)期的要晚。故選C。

【7題詳解】

推理判斷題。通過文章最后一段“Still,lookingbackonthephotos,theyaresomeofmybestshotsthoughthey

couldhavebeensomuchbetterifIwouldhavebeenpreparedandmanagedmytimewisely.（盡管如止匕，回顧這些

照片，它們?nèi)匀皇俏易詈玫囊恍┱掌?，盡管如果我能明智地準(zhǔn)備和管理我的時(shí)間，它們本可以拍得更好）”

可推知，作者認(rèn)為自己在魔鬼湖拍攝的照片是令人滿意的。故選B。

C

WhatcomesintoyourmindwhenyouthinkofBritishfood?Probablyfishandchips,oraSundaydinnerofmeat

andtwovegetables.ButisBritishfoodreallysouninteresting?EventhoughBritainhasareputationfor

less-than-impressivecuisine,itisproducingmoretopclasschefswhoappearfrequentlyonourtelevisionscreensand

whoserecipebooksfrequentlytopthebestsellerlists.

IfsthankstotheseTVchefsratherthananyadvertisingcampaignthatBritonsareturningawayfrom

meat-and-two-vegandready-mademealsandbecomingmoreadventurousintheircookinghabits.Itisrecently

reportedthatthenumberofthosestickingtoatraditionaldietisslowlydecliningandaroundhalfofBritain's

consumerswouldliketochangeorimprovetheircookinginsomeway.Therehasbeenariseinthenumberof

studentsapplyingforfoodcoursesatUKuniversitiesandcolleges.ItseemsthatTVprogrammeshavehelpedchange

whatpeoplethinkaboutcooking.

Accordingtoanewstudyfrommarketanalysts,1in5BritonssaythatwatchingcookeryprogrammesonTVhas

encouragedthemtotrydifferentfood.Almostonethirdsaytheynowuseawidervarietyofingredients（酉己料）than

theyusedto,andjustunder1in4saytheynowbuybetterqualityingredientsthanbefore.Oneinfouradultssaythat

TVchefshavemadethemmuchmoreconfidentaboutexpandingtheircookeryknowledgeandskills,andyoung

peoplearealsogettingmoreinterestedincooking.TheUK'sobsession（癡迷）withfoodisreflectedthrough

televisionscheduling.Cookeryshowsanddocumentariesaboutfoodarebroadcastmoreoftenthanbefore.Withan

increasingnumberofmalechefsonTV,it'snolonger"uncool“forboystolikecooking.

8.WhatdopeopleusuallythinkofBritishfood?

A.Itissimpleandplain.B.Itisrichinnutrition.

C.Itlacksauthentictastes.D.Itdeservesahighreputation.

9.WhichbestdescribescookeryprogrammeonBritishTV?

A.Authoritative.B.Creative.C.Profitable.D.Influential.

10.Whichisthepercentageofthepeopleusingmorediverseingredientsnow?

A.20%.B.24%.C.25%.D.33%.

11.Whatmighttheauthorcontinuetalkingabout?

A.Theartofcookinginothercountries.B.MalechefsonTVprogrammes.

C.TablemannersintheUK.D.Studiesofbigeaters.

【答案】8.A9,D10.D11.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本篇是一篇說明文，介紹英國人在英國烹飪節(jié)目的影響下改變對(duì)烹飪的看法，并嘗試新的烹飪習(xí)

慣。

【8題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第——段的“WhatcomesintoyourmindwhenyouthinkofBritishfood?Probablyfishandchips,

oraSundaydinnerofmeatandtwovegetables.ButisBritishfoodreallysouninteresting?（當(dāng)你想到英國食物

時(shí)，你會(huì)想到什么？你可能想到的是炸魚薯?xiàng)l，或是一肉兩菜的周日晚餐。但是，英國食物真的如此無趣

嗎？）可知，提及英國食物，大家往往只是想到炸魚薯?xiàng)l和周日烤肉，所以人們通常會(huì)覺得英國食物平平

無奇。故選A項(xiàng)。

【9題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“It'sthankstotheseTVchefsratherthananyadvertisingcampaignthatBritonsare

turningawayfrommeat-and-two-vegandready-mademealsandbecomingmoreadventurousintheircooking

habits."（正是由于電視上的這些大廚，而不是憑借廣告宣傳活動(dòng)，英國人正在遠(yuǎn)離“一肉兩菜”和速食餐，

而變得更加愿意探索新的烹飪習(xí)慣。）和“ItseemsthatTVprogrammeshavehelpedchangewhatpeoplethink

aboutcooking."（似乎電視節(jié)目幫助改變了人們對(duì)烹飪的看法。）可知，英國的烹飪節(jié)目能夠改變英國人對(duì)

烹飪的看法，嘗試從傳統(tǒng)的英式飲食走出來，嘗試新的烹飪習(xí)慣，由此推知英國的烹飪節(jié)目具有很大的影

響力。故選D項(xiàng)。

【10題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理角軍題。根據(jù)第三段的“Almostonethirdsaytheynowuseawidervarietyofingredients（配料）thanthey

usedto,andjustunder1in4saytheynowbuybetterqualityingredientsthanbefore.,,（幾乎三分之一的人表示

他們現(xiàn)在使用的配料比以前更多，將近四分之一的人表示他們現(xiàn)在購買的配料質(zhì)量比以前更好。）可知，三

分之一左右的人，也就是33%左右的人，使用的配料比以前更多。故選D項(xiàng)。

【11題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的最后一句"WithanincreasingnumberofmalechefsonTV,ifsnolonger“uncool”

forboystolikecooking."（隨著電視上出現(xiàn)越來越多男性廚師，男孩子喜歡烹飪不再是一件“不酷”的事

了。）可知，接下來，文章應(yīng)該具體介紹電視上的男性廚師，從而與上文形成語義連貫。故選B項(xiàng)。

D

Ifyouwanttotellthehistoryofthewholeworld,ahistorythatdoesnotprivilegeonepartofhumanity,you

cannotdoitthroughtextsalone,becauseonlysomeoftheworldhaseverhadtexts,whilemostoftheworld,formost

ofthetime,hasnot.Writingisoneofhumanity'slaterachievements,anduntilfairlyrecentlyevenmanyliterate（有

文字的）societiesrecordedtheirconcernsnotonlyinwritingbutinthings.

Ideallyahistorywouldbringtogethertextsandobjects,andsomechaptersofthisbookareabletodojustthat,

butinmanycaseswesimplycan,t.Theclearestexampleofthisbetweenliterateandnon-literatehistoryisperhaps

thefirstconflict,atBotanyBay,betweenCaptainCook'svoyageandtheAustralianAboriginals.FromtheEnglish

side,wehavescientificreportsandthecaptain'srecordofthatterribleday.FromtheAustralianside,wehaveonlya

woodenshield（盾）droppedbyamaninflightafterhisfirstexperienceofgunshot.Ifwewanttoreconstructwhat

wasactuallygoingonthatday,theshieldmustbequestionedandinterpretedasdeeplyandstrictlyasthewritten

reports.

Inadditiontotheproblemofmiscomprehensionfrombothsides,therearevictoriesaccidentallyordeliberately

twisted,especiallywhenonlythevictorsknowhowtowrite.Thosewhoareonthelosingsideoftenhaveonlytheir

thingstotelltheirstories.TheCaribbeanTaino,theAustralianAboriginals,theAfricanpeopleofBeninandtheIncas,

allofwhomappearinthisbook,canspeaktousnowoftheirpastachievementsmostpowerfullythroughtheobjects

theymade:ahistorytoldthroughthingsgivesthembackavoice.Whenweconsidercontact（聯(lián)系）betweenliterate

andnon-literatesocietiessuchasthese,allourfirst-handaccountsarenecessarilytwisted,onlyonehalfofadialogue.

Ifwearetofindtheotherhalfofthatconversation,wehavetoreadnotjustthetexts,buttheobjects.

12.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?

A.Howpasteventsshouldbepresented.B.Whathumanityisconcernedabout.

C.Whetherfactsspeaklouderthanwords.D.Whywrittenlanguageisreliable.

13.WhatdoestheauthorindicatebymentioningCaptainCookinparagraph2?

A.Hisreportwasscientific.B.Herepresentedthelocalpeople.

C.HeruledoverBotanyBay.D.Hisrecordwasone-sided.

14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“conversation“inparagraph3referto?

A.Problem.B.History.C.Voice.D.Society.

15.Whichofthefollowingbooksisthetextmostlikelyselectedfrom?

A.HowMapsTellStoriesoftheWorldB.AShortHistoryofAustralia

C.AHistoryoftheWorldin100ObjectsD.HowArtWorksTellStories

【答案】12.A13.D14.B15.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文。本文討論了僅僅依靠書面文本來講述世界歷史的局限性，并強(qiáng)調(diào)了將物品納

入歷史敘事以更好地理解無文字社會(huì)的重要性。

【12題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Ifyouwanttotellthehistoryofthewholeworld,ahistorythatdoesnotprivilege

onepartofhumanity,youcannotdoitthroughtextsalone,becauseonlysomeoftheworldhaseverhadtexts,while

mostoftheworld,formostofthetime,hasnot.Writingisoneofhumanity'slaterachievements,anduntilfairly

recentlyevenmanyliterate（有文字的）societiesrecordedtheirconcernsnotonlyinwritingbutinthings.（如果你想

講述整個(gè)世界的歷史，一段不以人類某一部分為特權(quán)的歷史，你不能僅僅通過文本來講述，因?yàn)槭澜缟现?/p>

有一部分人曾經(jīng)有過文本，而世界上大多數(shù)人，在大多數(shù)時(shí)間里，都沒有。寫作是人類較晚的成就之一，

直到最近，甚至許多有文字的社會(huì)也不僅用文字，而且用物件來記錄他們所關(guān)心的事情。）”可推知，第一

段主要講述的是歷史應(yīng)該如何呈現(xiàn)給我們。故選A。

【13題詳解】

推理判斷題o根據(jù)文章第二段首句“Ideallyahistorywouldbringtogethertextsandobjects,andsomechaptersof

thisbookareabletodojustthat,butinmanycaseswesimplycan't.（理想情況下，歷史應(yīng)該將文本和物品結(jié)合在

一起，本書的某些章節(jié)能夠做到這一點(diǎn)，但在許多情況下，我們根本做不到。）”可推斷，作者認(rèn)為歷史應(yīng)

該是文本和物品相結(jié)合的產(chǎn)物，但是很多情況下，我們做不到。再根據(jù)所舉例子的下文“FromtheEnglishside,

wehavescientificreportsandthecaptain'srecordofthatterribleday.FromtheAustralianside,wehaveonlya

woodenshield（盾）droppedbyamaninflightafterhisfirstexperienceofgunshot.（在英國方面，我們有科學(xué)報(bào)告

和船長對(duì)那可怕的一天的記錄。從澳大利亞方面來看，我們只有一個(gè)木制盾牌，這是一名男子在第一次經(jīng)

歷槍擊后在飛行中扔下的。）”可知，作者舉這個(gè)例子是為了說明船長的記錄是片面的，只從自己的角度描

述了問題。故選D。

【14題詳解】

詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線單詞上文“TheCaribbeanTaino,theAustralianAboriginals,theAfricanpeopleofBenin

andtheIncas,allofwhomappearinthisbook,canspeaktousnowoftheirpastachievementsmostpowerfully

throughtheobjectstheymade:ahistorytoldthroughthingsgivesthembackavoice.Whenweconsidercontact（聯(lián)

系）betweenliterateandnon-literatesocietiessuchasthese,allourfirst-handaccountsarenecessarilytwisted,only

onehalfofadialogue4加勒比海的泰諾人、澳大利亞的土著人、貝寧的非洲人以及印加人，所有這些人都出

現(xiàn)在這本書中，他們現(xiàn)在都可以通過他們制造的物品向我們講述他們過去最強(qiáng)大的成就：通過物品講述的

歷史給了他們一個(gè)聲音。當(dāng)我們考慮諸如此類的有文化社會(huì)和無文化社會(huì)之間的接觸時(shí)，我們所有的第一

手資料都必然是扭曲的，只有對(duì)話的一半。）“結(jié)合劃線句^Ifwearetofindtheotherhalfofthatconversation,

wehavetoreadnotjustthetexts,buttheobjects.（如果我們要找到對(duì)話的另一半，我們不僅要讀文本，還要讀

物體。）”可知，我們對(duì)過去歷史的了解，只是書寫歷史的人所想要讓我們了解的歷史，如果我們想要了解

歷史的另一半，我們不僅僅要讀文本也要讀對(duì)象。所以conversation指的是“歷史”。故選B。

【15題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Ifyouwanttotellthehistoryofthewholeworld,ahistorythatdoesnotprivilege

onepartofhumanity,youcannotdoitthroughtextsalone,becauseonlysomeoftheworldhaseverhadtexts,while

mostoftheworld,formostofthetime,hasnot.（如果你想講述整個(gè)世界的歷史，一段不以人類某一部分為特權(quán)

的歷史，你不能僅僅通過文本來講述，因?yàn)槭澜缟现挥幸徊糠秩说臍v史曾經(jīng)被文字記錄過，而世界上大多

數(shù)人，在大多數(shù)時(shí)間里，都沒有。）“結(jié)合最后一段的Ifwearetofindtheotherhalfofthatconversation,we

havetoreadnotjustthetexts,buttheobjects.（如果我們要找到對(duì)話的另一半，我們不僅要讀文本，還要讀物

體。）”可知，本文講述僅僅依靠書面文本來講述世界歷史有局限性，想要更好的了解歷史就要將文本和物

品結(jié)合在一起。從而推斷文章最有可能選自《100件物品中的世界史》。故選C。

第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

Indoorplantsmightlookasiftheyjustsitaroundnotdoingmuch,butinmanywaystheyaretheunsungheroes

ofthehome.16.butstudieshaveshownthattheycanpromotepeople'swellbeingbyimprovingtheirmood

（心情）,reducingstressandhelpingtheirmemory.Whafsmore,indoorplantsareeasytolookafterandarenotvery

expensive.

Whatareindoorplants?

Indoorplants,alsoknownashouseplantsorpotplants,areplantsthatliketogrowindoors.Manyofthese

species（物種）arenotideallysuitedtogrowingoutsideintheUK,especiallyinthewinter.17.

Whyareindoorplantsgoodforyou?

WillSpoelstra,whoworksattheRoyalBotanicGardens,says,“18.1findduringthewintermonths,

plantsaroundthehousecanreallyliftyourmood.^^Severalstudieshavebackedthisupandfoundthatindoorplants

canimprovecreativity,focusandmemory.Thereisalsoresearchshowingthatpotplantscancleantheairaround

thembyremovingharmfulgases,suchascarbondioxide.Theyalsoremovesomeharmfulchemicalsfrompaintsor

cooking.19.

Whichplantscanyougrow?

Aloevera,peaceliliesandspiderplantsaresomeofthespeciesthatareeasytogrowindoors.Youcanbuyplants

fromsupermarkets,gardencentresoronline.Youngerplantsareoftencheaperthanfullygrownones,andyougetto

careforthemastheymature-whichispartofthejoyofowningplants."20Spoelstrasays."Itcanbring

anewinterestandfocusintopeople'slivesandhelptomakethelinkbetweenhomeandnature.

A.Allplantsaredifferent

B.Notonlydotheylookbeautiful

C.Therearemanybenefitstogrowingplantsindoors

D.Instead,theygrowbetterinside,whereitiswarmer

E.Plantslikepeaceliliesanddevil'stongueareamongthebest

F.Changingthepotofyourplantfromtimetotimewillalsohelp

G.Learningabouttherequirementsofeachplantcanbeveryrewarding

【答案】16.B17.D18.C19.E20.G

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了什么是室內(nèi)植物、室內(nèi)植物帶來的好處及你能種植哪些室內(nèi)植物。

【16題詳解】

根據(jù)下文“butstudieshaveshownthattheycanpromotepeople'swellbeingbyimprovingtheirmood（心情），

reducingstressandhelpingtheirmemory」而且研究表明，它們可以通過改善情緒、減輕壓力和幫助增強(qiáng)記憶

力來促進(jìn)人們的健康）”可知，此處與下文是遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，構(gòu)成notonly...but”不僅……而且……”結(jié)構(gòu)。由

此可知，B.Notonlydotheylookbeautiful（它們不僅看起來很漂亮）能夠銜接下文，符合語境。故選B。

【17題詳解】

根據(jù)上文"Manyofthesespecies（物種）arenotideallysuitedtogrowingoutsideintheUK,especiallyinthe

winter.（這些品種中的許多都不適合在英國戶外生長，尤其是在冬天）”可知，有些植物不適合在戶外寒冷的

環(huán)境中生長，即適合在溫暖的地方生長。由此可知，D.Instead,theygrowbetterinside,whereitiswarmer（相

反，它們在溫暖的室內(nèi)生長得更好）能夠承接上文，符合語境。故選D。

【18題詳解】

根據(jù)下文“Ifindduringthewintermonths,plantsaroundthehousecanreallyliftyourmood.（我發(fā)現(xiàn)在冬天的幾

個(gè)月里，房子周圍的植物真的能提升你的情緒）”可知，室內(nèi)植物對(duì)人有好處。由此可知，C.Therearemany

benefitstogrowingplantsindoors（在室內(nèi)種植植物有很多好處）能夠銜接下文，符合語境。故選C。

【19題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“Thereisalsoresearchshowingthatpotplantscancleantheairaroundthembyremovingharmfulgases,

suchascarbondioxide.Theyalsoremovesomeharmfulchemicalsfrompaintsorcooking.（也有研究表明，盆栽植

物可以通過去除二氧化碳等有害氣體來凈化周圍的空氣。它們還能去除油漆或烹飪中的一些有害化學(xué)物

質(zhì)）“可知，盆栽植物能夠清除有害物質(zhì)。由此可知，E.PlantslikepeaceliliesanddeviFstongueareamongthe

best（像和平百合和魔芋之類的植物是最好的）能夠承接上文，列舉了在這方面做的最好的植物，符合語境。

故選E。

20題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“Youngerplantsareoftencheaperthanfullygrownones,andyougettocareforthemasthey

mature-whichispartofthejoyofowningplants.（年輕的植物通常比成熟的植物便宜，而且你可以在它們成熟

時(shí)照顧它們---這是擁有植物的樂趣之一）”可知，不同的植物需求是不同的。由此可知，G.Learningabout

therequirementsofeachplantcanbeveryrewarding（了解每種植物的需求是非常有益的）能夠承接上文，同時(shí)

引起下文，下文“Itcanbringanewinterestandfocusintopeople'slivesandhelptomakethelinkbetweenhome

andnature."（它可以為人們的生活帶來新的興趣和焦點(diǎn)，并有助于建立家庭與自然之間的聯(lián)系。）”具體介紹

了了解每種植物的需求的好處。故選G。

第三部分語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）

第一節(jié)（共20小題;每小題分，滿分30分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳

選項(xiàng)。

TobecometheOlympicchampionintheindividual（個(gè)人）all-aroundevent,GabbyDouglashadtoleave

everythingshe21best.Shehadto22herbedroominVirginia.Shehadtosay23toher

twodogsandtothebeach,whereshelovedto24wavesonherboard.Butitwas25totakethe

leap（飛躍）,however26itwouldbe.Evenat14,Douglasknewthat.Soshe27about1,200miles

awayfromhome,to28withacoachfromChina.Shelivedwithafamilyshehadnever29and

everythingwasnewtoher.

AsitturnedoutDouglasdid30whatsheneededtodotobecomeOlympicchampionwhenshe

31twoRussians.TheChinesecoach32Douglasintooneofthebestgymnastsinthe33.

helpingherskyrocketfroman34memberofthenationalteamtothetopofthesport.By35the

Olympicall-aroundtitle,shebecamethefirstblackwomantodoso.She36thecompetitionfrom

beginningtoend.Shesaidshehadfelt37allalongthatshewouldwin.

Notsolongago,MarthaKarolythecoordinator（聯(lián)絡(luò)人）ofthewomen'snationalteam,didnotthinkDouglas

hadwhatit38tobeanOlympian.Astimewentby,shethought39thatshecouldmakethe

LondonGames-andwin.

'Tmgoingtoinspiresomanypeople,9,shesaid.'Tmreadyto40_Andshineshedid.

21.A.triedB.thoughtC.judgedD.knew

22.A.takeupB.packupC.cleanupD.doup

23.A.goodbyeB.helloC.thanksD.no

24.A.causeB.observeC.rideD.strike

25.A.commonB.timeC.funD.tough

26.A.breathtakingB.heartbreakingC.eye-catchingD.head-spinning

27.A.droppedoutB.movedonC.pulledoverD.wentoff

28.A.reasonB.talkC.competeD.train

29.A.metB.helpedC.understoodD.needed

30.A.approximatelyB.graduallyC.exactlyD.possibly

31.A.defeatedB.pleasedC.respectedD.assisted

32.A.forcedB.transformedC.persuadedD.put

33.A.world