適用于新高考新教材廣西專版2025屆高考英語一輪總復(fù)習(xí)寫作專項提升第二部分讀后續(xù)寫課件新人教版

第二部分讀后續(xù)寫英語寫作專項提升讀后續(xù)寫要求考生在一段350詞以內(nèi)的語言材料基礎(chǔ)上,根據(jù)該材料內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語進(jìn)行續(xù)寫,將其發(fā)展成一篇與給定材料有邏輯銜接且情節(jié)和結(jié)構(gòu)完整的150詞左右的短文。讀后續(xù)寫除了要求學(xué)生掌握豐富的詞匯和句式外,還注重內(nèi)容構(gòu)思和情節(jié)銜接的能力。讀后續(xù)寫是一種將閱讀和寫作緊密結(jié)合的綜合語言能力測試題。讀是輸入,要求考生能提取有效的文本信息;寫是輸出,要求考生將有效的文本信息組合并且做出合乎邏輯的推測,運用和原文文本一致的語言風(fēng)格進(jìn)行寫作。此外,考生還要有語篇結(jié)構(gòu)意識,續(xù)寫的兩段文字需要和原文及段首句保持邏輯上的一致性和語篇的連貫性。一、能力要求1.把握短文關(guān)鍵信息和語言特點的能力學(xué)生需要掌握所給短文的主要內(nèi)容,清楚其關(guān)鍵詞和語言結(jié)構(gòu)的使用情況,并通過續(xù)寫短文表現(xiàn)出來。2.語言運用的能力要準(zhǔn)確、恰當(dāng)使用詞匯和語言結(jié)構(gòu),能夠根據(jù)內(nèi)容需要使用較為高級的詞匯和語言結(jié)構(gòu)。3.對語篇結(jié)構(gòu)的把控能力考查對上下文邏輯關(guān)系的掌握情況,續(xù)寫的短文應(yīng)語句連貫、表達(dá)有序。4.創(chuàng)造性思維能力學(xué)生所續(xù)寫的短文要具有較豐富的內(nèi)容,包含詳細(xì)和生動的情景、態(tài)度和感情的描述。二、選材特點讀后續(xù)寫的話題貼近生活,有一定趣味性,選材多以故事為主,一般涉及以下內(nèi)容:◆親情、友情類(如2021新高考Ⅰ卷·雙胞胎為媽媽準(zhǔn)備早餐;2021浙江卷·理解父母之不易,上交工資;2020浙江1月卷·主人與寵物狗之間的深厚感情):側(cè)重人物性格、心理、情緒描寫?！糁藶闃奉?如2020新高考Ⅰ卷·三個孩子用爆米花幫助另一個孩子):側(cè)重人物性格、動作描寫?！魝€人經(jīng)歷類(如2020浙江卷·熊口脫險):側(cè)重動作、環(huán)境描寫。三、評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)◆各檔次的給分范圍和要求檔次描述第七檔(22—25分)——創(chuàng)造了新穎、豐富、合理的內(nèi)容,富有邏輯性,續(xù)寫完整,與原文情境融洽度高;——使用了多樣且恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~匯和語法結(jié)構(gòu),表達(dá)流暢,語言錯誤少,且完全不影響理解;——自然有效地使用了段落間、語句間銜接手段,全文結(jié)構(gòu)清晰,前后呼應(yīng),意義連貫檔次描述第六檔(18—21分)——創(chuàng)造了比較豐富、合理的內(nèi)容,比較有邏輯性,續(xù)寫比較完整,與原文情境融洽度較高;——使用了比較多樣且恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~匯和語法結(jié)構(gòu),表達(dá)比較流暢,有個別錯誤,但不影響理解;——比較有效地使用了語句間銜接手段,全文結(jié)構(gòu)比較清晰,意義比較連貫檔次描述第五檔(15—17分)——創(chuàng)造了基本合理的內(nèi)容,有一定的邏輯性,續(xù)寫基本完整,與原文情境相關(guān);——使用了比較恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~匯和語法結(jié)構(gòu),表達(dá)方式不夠多樣,表達(dá)有些許錯誤,但基本不影響理解;——使用了語句間銜接手段,全文結(jié)構(gòu)比較清晰,意義比較連貫第四檔(11—14分)——創(chuàng)造了基本完整的故事內(nèi)容,但有的情節(jié)不夠合理或邏輯性不強,與原文情景基本相關(guān);——使用了簡單的詞匯和語法結(jié)構(gòu),有部分語言錯誤和不恰當(dāng)之處,個別部分影響理解;——尚有語句銜接的意識,全文結(jié)構(gòu)基本清晰,意義基本連貫◆評分原則1.本題總分為25分,按七個檔次給分。2.評分時,應(yīng)主要從內(nèi)容、詞匯語法和篇章結(jié)構(gòu)三個方面考慮,具體為:(1)續(xù)寫內(nèi)容的質(zhì)量、完整性以及與原文情境的融洽度;(2)所使用詞匯和語法結(jié)構(gòu)的準(zhǔn)確性、恰當(dāng)性和多樣性;(3)上下文的銜接和全文的連貫性。3.評分時,先根據(jù)作答的整體情況初步確定其所屬檔次,然后以該檔次的要求來綜合衡量,確定或調(diào)整檔次,最后給分。4.評分時還應(yīng)注意:(1)詞數(shù)少于120的,酌情扣分。(2)書寫較差,以至影響交際的,酌情扣分。(3)單詞拼寫和標(biāo)點符號是寫作規(guī)范的重要方面,評分時應(yīng)視其對交際的影響程度予以考慮。英、美拼寫和詞匯用法均可接受。四、解題步驟第1步

讀透文本首先,讀透文本材料,確保自己的理解與作者所表達(dá)的意義一致。不僅要能讀懂字面含義,還要理解文章的隱含意義,并理清文章的脈絡(luò)和框架。然后,要快速地理清原文的人物和事件。我們可根據(jù)when、where、who、what、why、how來理清文本的內(nèi)容和故事情節(jié)的發(fā)展脈絡(luò),提煉故事的主要事件。第2步

構(gòu)思情節(jié)根據(jù)兩個續(xù)寫段落的首句,構(gòu)思出與上下文連貫,內(nèi)容充實、引人入勝的故事情節(jié)。第一段的續(xù)寫內(nèi)容要考慮與上文的融洽銜接,同時要考慮本段和下一段開頭語的呼應(yīng)?？傊?第一段要起到搭建本段與前文和后段的橋梁作用。續(xù)寫的第二段是文章的結(jié)尾,除了與續(xù)寫的第一段的銜接連貫外,還要與全文開頭遙相呼應(yīng),將感情的真摯、人性的善美、正能量的弘揚表達(dá)到位,從而凸顯主題,升華精神。通過抒情議論等表達(dá)方式表露文章深處蘊含的主題、人物感情以及人生哲理,讓文章完美收尾。第3步

打磨寫作在具體續(xù)寫時,我們應(yīng)對所羅列的要點進(jìn)行篩選、整合、打磨,讓文章出彩。首先,考慮與原文語言風(fēng)格的一致。觀察有無直接引語、各類從句、特殊句型、非謂語動詞的靈活運用等。通過模仿創(chuàng)新,提高與原文的協(xié)調(diào)性,使用多樣的句式、結(jié)構(gòu)和有效的銜接詞,力求在各個語言層次的表達(dá)風(fēng)格上與原文保持一致。同時,確保語言運用的正確、生動、形象。根據(jù)情節(jié)需要,對語言加以潤色,使用更加準(zhǔn)確、具體和生動的動詞、形容詞和副詞等,讓人物更加鮮明,讓故事更加生動。恰當(dāng)?shù)厥褂眉?xì)節(jié)詞可以具體、生動地反映出事物的真實特點,能夠讓讀者感受作者獨特的思想和情感的變化。第4步

認(rèn)真謄寫最后謄寫時,字跡要工整,卷面要清晰。同時認(rèn)真檢查時態(tài)、人稱等內(nèi)容,確保沒有錯誤。典例示范閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段,使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。“Ada!Milk!”Mamacalled.ItwasAda’sturntogetmilk.Adasighedandshutherfirst-aidbook.Herheadachedfromreadinginthedimmorninglight,buthowelsecouldshelearn?Adatiedthecowclosetoatree.Somewheredownthemountain,somevolunteerdoctorswereteachingmedicalskillstovillagenurses.AdaheardDoctorBettydriveoffhoursago.“Sheshouldhavetakenmewithher.ShethinksI’mtooyoung,butshe’swrong.Iamalready16!”Adathought.AdacarriedthemilkbacktoMama,andthenwandereduptheroad.Roy,avillageboy,gotadonkey,andsomekidsgatheredaroundtoseeit.Roywasalwaysdoingsomethingtogetattention.Hewastryingtostandontheanimal’sbareback.“Nowondertheydon’ttrustkidswithanythingimportant,”Adathought,sighing.Shehadjustturnedawaywhensheheardathudandafewscreams.Roylayonthegroundnearbymoaninginpain.Thedonkeystoodseveralmetersaway.“Roy!”Thekidsnearbyrantowardshim.“GetBetty,”onesaid.Adashookherhead.“Betty’sgonetothecity.”Theotherkidsseemedfrozen.AdarantowhereRoywaslying.Shedroppedtoherkneesonthedustyroad.“Roy!Canyouhearme?”Roymoanedinagony.Adasawthatoneofhislegswascrooked,bentalittlesidewaysbetweenthekneeandtheankle.Abrokenleg!Sherememberedwhatthefirst-aidbookhadsaidaboutbrokenlegs:ifthereisnoambulance,straightenthebonebeforemovingthevictim.Therecertainlywouldn’tbeanyambulancehere.Adalookedbackuptheroad.Theotherkidswerestillstandingthere,watching.“Victor!”Adacalledtooneoftheboys.“GoandgetRoy’smama,andfindsomeonewithatruck.”Sheturnedtotheothers.“Givemeyourshirts.Weneedsomethingtotiehislegwith.”注意:續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右;Adathenfoundastrongstick,whichshewouldusetokeephislegstraight.

Thenextday,BettycametoAda’shome.

續(xù)寫步驟第一步:歸納文本大意,明確敘述意圖。Ada是一個16歲的女孩,她想跟著村里的志愿者醫(yī)生Betty學(xué)習(xí)醫(yī)學(xué),卻被Betty以年紀(jì)太小為由拒絕了。一天,淘氣頑皮的Roy從毛驢背上摔了下來,摔斷了腿。然而,醫(yī)生Betty不在村里,周圍沒有一個會實施急救的醫(yī)療人員。情急之下,Ada準(zhǔn)備按照急救書上的知識給Roy簡單包扎,并讓小伙伴去叫人來幫忙。Ada對Roy實施急救,得到了Betty的肯定,Ada的熱心行為應(yīng)該得到表揚。本文旨在講述一個學(xué)有所用,追求夢想的故事,因而續(xù)寫部分應(yīng)與該文章寫作意圖一致。第二步:根據(jù)段落開頭語,確定續(xù)寫方向。根據(jù)續(xù)寫第一段開頭語中的“astrongstick”“tokeephislegstraight”可猜測,續(xù)寫第一段應(yīng)描寫Ada用硬棍對Roy進(jìn)行急救的過程。根據(jù)材料中的

“GoandgetRoy’smama,andfindsomeonewithatruck.”可知,在該段內(nèi)容中可以添加

Roy的媽媽對Ada表示感謝,最后上車前往醫(yī)院等細(xì)節(jié)描寫。根據(jù)續(xù)寫第二段開頭語中的“BettycametoAda’shome”,結(jié)合原文第三段情節(jié)可預(yù)測,續(xù)寫第二段應(yīng)該描述Betty對Ada的認(rèn)可,同意Ada去上醫(yī)學(xué)課,教她醫(yī)學(xué)知識等方面的內(nèi)容。第三步:根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息,確定續(xù)寫細(xì)節(jié)。根據(jù)以上已知關(guān)鍵信息,可以勾勒出以下細(xì)節(jié):Ada對Roy進(jìn)行包扎并進(jìn)行心理安慰,Roy的媽媽趕來并感謝Ada,Roy被送往醫(yī)院。Betty表揚了Ada的行為,并允許Ada跟自己學(xué)醫(yī)。Ada長大后當(dāng)了醫(yī)生。第四步:調(diào)整寫作語言,完成讀后續(xù)寫。原文有大量的動作描寫,也有環(huán)境和心理描寫。在調(diào)整語言時,可以通過各種準(zhǔn)確的詞匯描寫Roy受傷的痛苦、Ada的具體動作和人物形象。【參考范文】Ada

then

found

a

strong

stick,which

she

would

use

to

keep

his

leg

straight.ShegentlywrappedtheshirtaroundRoy’sbrokenlegandthestick.Roywasclearlyinalotofpainandhisclothesweresoakedwithsweat.AdatriedtocomfortRoy,“Iknowit’shurt.Holdon.You’llbetakentothehospitalimmediately.”ThencameRoy’smama,followedbyavillagerdrivingatruck.Roy’smotherrantoAdaandheldAda’shands,“Thankyou,Ada,”shesaid.AdahelpedthemgetRoyintothetruck.Afterthat,theydrovedownthehillsidetothehospital.The

next

day,Betty

came

to

Ada’s

home.“Iheardwhatyoudid.Goodgirl!”Bettypraised.“Youkeptcalminanemergency.Thatmeansalotforsavingpeople.”Adasmiledtoher.“MayIgotothemedicalclassnow?I’malready16!”Adaaskedeagerly.Bettynodded,“Sure.NowIknowyouhavemedicaltalentsandyou’llbeagooddoctor.CometomorrowandIwillteachyoumedicalskills.”Yearslater,Adabecameasurgeonandshealwaysfeltproudatthethoughtofthisincident.微技能1讀出有效信息歸納文本大意記敘文歸納主旨大意的常用方法通常是找出記敘文的六要素,即:時間、地點、人物和事情的起因、經(jīng)過、結(jié)果,并將它們概括表達(dá)為“什么人/物在什么時間/地點做了什么事,最終結(jié)果如何”。把握文本大意非常重要。只有把握了文本大意才能確保自己的理解與作者所表達(dá)的意義一致,確保續(xù)寫的內(nèi)容和原有內(nèi)容在邏輯上的一致。推斷記敘文敘述意圖的常用方法是提問法,首先問自己“本文的中心話題是什么?”然后問自己通過上述六要素及其敘述手法的分析,“作者向讀者傳達(dá)了有關(guān)該話題的什么情或理?”或“作者想讓讀者有什么樣的感受或體驗?”。典例示范(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段,使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。A

MOTHER’S

DAY

SURPRISEThetwinswerefilledwithexcitementastheythoughtofthesurprisetheywereplanningforMother’sDay.HowpleasedandproudMotherwouldbewhentheybroughtherbreakfastinbed.TheyplannedtomakeFrenchtoastandchickenporridge.Theyhadwatchedtheirmotherinthekitchen.Therewasnothingtoit.JennaandJeffknewexactlywhattodo.Thebigdaycameatlast.Thealarmrangat6am.Thepairwentdownthestairsquietlytothekitchen.Theydecidedtoboiltheporridgefirst.TheyputsomericeintoapotofwaterandleftittoboilwhiletheymadetheFrenchtoast.Jeffbroketwoeggsintoaplateandaddedinsomemilk.Jennafoundthebreadandputtwoslicesintotheeggmixture.Next,Jeffturnedonthesecondstoveburnertoheatupthefryingpan.EverythingwasgoingsmoothlyuntilJeffstartedfryingthebread.Thepanwastoohotandthebreadturnedblackwithinseconds.Jennathrewtheburntpieceintothesinkandputintheothersliceofbread.Thistime,sheturneddownthefiresoitcookednicely.ThenJeffnoticedsteamshootingoutofthepotandthelidstartingtoshake.Thenextminute,theporridgeboiledoverandputoutthefire.Jennapanicked.Thankfully,Jeffstayedcalmandturnedoffthegasquickly.Butthestovewasamessnow.JennatoldJefftocleanitupsotheycouldcontinuetocooktherestoftheporridge.ButJeff’shandtouchedthehotburnerandhegaveacryofpain.Jennaputhishandincoldwater.Thenshecaughtthesmellofburning.Ohdear!Thepieceofbreadinthepanhadturnedblackaswell.注意:續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右;Asthetwinslookedaroundthemindisappointment,theirfatherappeared.

Thetwinscarriedthebreakfastupstairsandwoketheirmotherup.

寫作思路1.明確故事6要素?發(fā)生時間:onthemorningofMother’sDay?發(fā)生地點:athome?主要人物:thetwins,theirfather,theirmother?事情的起因:tocelebrateMother’sDay?事情的經(jīng)過:ThetwinsmadeFrenchtoastandchickenporridgeandbroughtMumthebreakfastinbed.?事情的結(jié)果:Mumwasmoved.Itwasthebestbreakfastshehadeverhad.2.歸納文本大意母親節(jié)來臨之前,雙胞胎計劃給母親一個驚喜,那就是為母親做一頓早餐。早上鬧鐘一響他們就悄悄地下樓來到廚房。他們要熬雞肉粥,煎法式吐司。但是,由于鍋太熱,面包一放進(jìn)去就糊了;熬粥的鍋蒸汽往外噴,粥溢出來撲滅了火;Jeff想清理干凈爐灶,結(jié)果燙傷了手。故事由一開始的順順利利,發(fā)展到后來出現(xiàn)了各種問題。3.明確續(xù)寫意圖本文是一篇表達(dá)親情的文章,根據(jù)文本大意可推斷出,本文的敘述意圖是通過詳細(xì)描述雙胞胎為媽媽準(zhǔn)備早餐的過程,描繪一個飽含親情的溫馨場面。【參考范文】As

the

twins

looked

around

them

in

disappointment,their

father

appeared.Onelookandheknewwhattheywereupto.Seeingtheircrestfallenfaces,hetoldthemtocleanupthekitchenwhilehehelpedthemmakebreakfastforMother.Thetwinscheeredupanddidastold.Withinanhour,thekitchenwascleaned,andFathermadesomeeggsandwichesandcookedsomeoatporridge.Thenhesneakedbacktobed.Meanwhile,thetwinspreparedthebreakfasttray,addedacardtheyhadmadeandwalkedoutofthekitchen.The

twins

carried

the

breakfast

upstairs

and

woke

their

mother

up.Theyhuggedherandyelled“HappyMother’sDay,dearMummy!”Motherhuggedthetwins.Hereyeswidenedatthesightofthebreakfasttray.SheshookFatherwhowaspretendingtosnore.Hefeignedastonishmentwhenhesawthebreakfast.Motherbitintoasandwichandsaiditwasthebestbreakfastshehadevertasted.Jeffimmediatelywantedtohaveabite.Jennacaughtherfather’seyeandtheywinkedateachothersecretly.【范文賞析】該范文完全是在所給材料的文本大意和敘述意圖的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行續(xù)寫的。續(xù)寫中圍繞主要人物thetwins的活動過程展開。語言生動形象,內(nèi)容具體,有豐富的詞匯,能用生動的語言刻畫細(xì)節(jié),例如“SheshookFatherwhowaspretendingtosnore.”;使用了準(zhǔn)確連續(xù)的動作,如huggedherandyelled;描寫了豐富生動的表情,如Hereyeswidened,winkedateachothersecretly等;進(jìn)行了恰當(dāng)?shù)男睦砘顒用鑼?如feignedastonishment,這些都使文中人物活靈活現(xiàn)。該文句子結(jié)構(gòu)豐富多樣,長短句結(jié)合,使用了具體的語言。根據(jù)語言環(huán)境,恰當(dāng)使用復(fù)合句,例如“Motherbitintoasandwichandsaiditwasthebestbreakfastshehadevertasted.”,適當(dāng)增加直接引語,使銜接過渡十分流暢,文章內(nèi)容充實飽滿。總之,該范文創(chuàng)造了新穎、豐富、合理的內(nèi)容,富有邏輯性,續(xù)寫完整,與原文情境融洽度高。熱點演練(2023·湖北武漢高三5月質(zhì)量檢測)閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段,使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Jacklivedinasmallvillagesurroundedbyforestsandhehadalwaysbeenfascinatedbyanimalsandoftenspenthisfreetimewanderingaroundthewoods,observingthem.Oneday,whilewanderingthroughtheforest,Jackchanceduponagroupofdeereatinggrasspeacefullyinaclearing(空地).Asheapproachedthem,theyrushedaway,frightenedbyhispresence.Jackfeltsadthattheanimalswereafraidofhim,andhedecidedtochangeit.Overthenextfewweeks,Jackvisitedtheclearingeveryday,sittingquietlyandpatiently,observingthedeerfromadistance.Slowlybutsurely,thedeergrewaccustomedtohispresenceandstartedtoapproachhimandallowhimtopetthem.Jackwasthrilledthathehadgainedtheirtrust.Inspiredbyhissuccess,Jackstartedtoexploretheforestmoreandmore,meetingdifferentanimalsalongtheway.Heencounteredafamilyofrabbits,apackofwolves,andevenagroupofbears.Althoughhewasinitiallyscaredofthebears,hesoonrealizedthattheywerejustascuriousabouthimashewasaboutthem.Jackstartedtobringfoodfortheanimals,andtheystartedtoseehimasafriend.Hewouldsitwiththemforhours,watchingthemplayandinteractwitheachother.Helearnedsomuchabouttheirbehaviorandhabits,andhefeltadeepconnectionwiththem.Oneday,whilehewassittingwiththerabbits,Jackheardaloudnoiseinthebushes.Hewasafraidthatitmightbeapredator(捕食者),buttohissurprise,asmallfoxemergedfromthebushes.Thefoxwasstrugglingtowalk,andJackcouldseethatitwasinjured.Withouthesitation,Jackapproachedthefoxslowly,tryingnottoscareit.Hesawthatthefoxhadathorn(刺)stuckinitspaw,anditwasinalotofpain.Jackknewhehadtohelpthefox,buthedidn’twanttohurtitfurther.注意:續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右。Hesatdownnexttothefoxandstartedtalkingtoitinasoftvoice.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Ashegrewolder,Jack’sloveforanimalsgrewstronger._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________He

sat

down

next

to

the

fox

and

started

talking

to

it

in

a

soft

voice.Hegentlystrokeditsfurand,afterafewminutes,managedtopullthethornout.Thefoxlickedhishandgratefullyandstaredathimwithitsbig,browneyes.Fromthatdayon,thefoxwouldfollowJackeverywherehewent.Jack’sfriendshipwiththeanimalsoftheforestwasthetalkofthevillage.Peoplewouldoftenseehimwanderingaroundwithapackofwolvesorsittingwithafamilyofbears.Theywereamazedbyhisabilitytobefriendanimalsthatweresupposedtobewildanddangerous.As

he

grew

older,Jack’s

love

for

animals

grew

stronger.Herealizedthatanimalswerenotjustpetsorcreaturestobehunted,buttheywerehisfriendsandcompanions.Hestartedvolunteeringatananimalshelter,wherehewouldhelpcareforinjuredandabandonedanimals.Healsoworkedwithlocalconservationgroupstoprotecttheforestsandwildlifeinhisarea.Jack’sloveforanimalshadbroughthimasenseofpurposeandfulfillmentthathehadneverexperiencedbefore.Heknewthathehadmadeadifferenceinthelivesofmanyanimals,andhewasgratefulforthefriendshipandcompanionshipofhisanimalfriends.微技能2解讀段落首句推測續(xù)寫情節(jié)提煉出文本大意和敘述意圖后,結(jié)合所給短文的情境和兩個續(xù)寫段落首句中相關(guān)的要點,從5W的角度想象續(xù)寫部分的主要內(nèi)容,預(yù)測故事走向。1.由于兩個續(xù)寫段落的首句已給出,因此預(yù)測續(xù)寫第一段的情節(jié)相對第二段較為明確。而第二段的續(xù)寫情節(jié)較為開放,需結(jié)合原文的人物性格特征和故事發(fā)展脈絡(luò)大膽預(yù)測。2.續(xù)寫情節(jié)的預(yù)測,必須密切結(jié)合原文的情境、文本大意、敘述意圖和核心情節(jié)。典例示范(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段,使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。TheMeredithfamilylivedinasmallcommunity.Astheeconomywasindecline,somepeopleinthetownhadlosttheirjobs.Manyoftheirfamilieswerestrugglingtomakeendsmeet.Peopleweretryingtohelpeachothermeetthechallenges.Mrs.Meredithwasamostkindandthoughtfulwoman.Shespentagreatdealoftimevisitingthepoor.Sheknewtheyhadproblems,andtheyneededallkindsofhelp.Whenshehadtime,shewouldbringfoodandmedicinetothem.Onemorningshetoldherchildrenaboutafamilyshehadvisitedthedaybefore.Therewasamansickinbed,hiswife,whotookcareofhimandcouldnotgoouttowork,andtheirlittleboy.Thelittleboy—hisnamewasBernard—hadinterestedherverymuch.“Iwishyoucouldseehim,”shesaidtoherownchildren,John,Harry,andClara.“Heissuchahelptohismother.Hewantsverymuchtoearnsomemoney,butIdon’tseewhathecando.”Aftertheirmotherlefttheroom,thechildrensatthinkingaboutBernard.“Iwishwecouldhelphimtoearnmoney,”saidClara.“Hisfamilyissufferingsomuch.”“SodoI,”saidHarry.“Wereallyshoulddosomethingtoassistthem.”Forsomemoments,Johnsaidnothing,but,suddenly,hesprangtohisfeetandcried,“Ihaveagreatidea!Ihaveasolutionthatwecanallhelpaccomplish(完成).”Theotherchildrenalsojumpedupallattention.WhenJohnhadanidea,itwassuretobeagoodone.“Itellyouwhatwecando,”saidJohn.“YouknowthatbigboxofcornUncleJohnsentus?Well,wecanmakepopcorn(爆米花),andputitintopaperbags,andBernardcantakeitaroundtothehousesandsellit.”注意:續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右;WhenMrs.MeredithheardofJohn’sidea,shethoughtitwasagoodone,too.

Witheverythingready,Bernardstartedoutonhisnewbusiness.

寫作思路根據(jù)段落開頭語,確定續(xù)寫方向的前提是要弄清楚所給材料的文本大意和敘述意圖。【文本大意】善良的Meredith一家住在一個小社區(qū)里,他們想幫助一個貧困的家庭。那家的男主人生病臥床,女主人要照顧丈夫因此無法外出賺錢,生活十分困難,家中的小男孩Bernard想掙錢養(yǎng)家,但不知道做什么事情。后來,Meredith太太的孩子John想出了一個好主意:制作爆米花讓Bernard去賣?！緮⑹鲆鈭D】本文是一篇關(guān)于助人為樂的文章,根據(jù)文本大意可推斷出,本文的敘述意圖是通過詳細(xì)描述Meredith一家制作和賣爆米花幫助Bernard一家擺脫困境的過程,來宣揚助人為樂的傳統(tǒng)美德?！纠m(xù)寫方向】根據(jù)續(xù)寫第一段所給開頭語“WhenMrs.MeredithheardofJohn’sidea,shethoughtitwasagoodone,too.”可知,Meredith太太也認(rèn)為這是個好主意。很快,孩子們就忙著爆玉米,而他們的媽媽則出去買紙袋。當(dāng)她回來時,她把Bernard帶來了。Bernard很高興參加這項工作,他說:“好主意!”他們一起工作,直到把準(zhǔn)備好的玉米全部爆開,裝滿紙袋,放在籃子里。這里需注意與續(xù)寫第二段首句呼應(yīng)。根據(jù)續(xù)寫第二段所給開頭語“Witheverythingready,Bernardstartedoutonhisnewbusiness.”可知,一切就緒后,Bernard開始了他的新生意。比預(yù)期的要快得多,他帶著一個空籃子回來了。他這輩子從來沒有掙過這么多錢。幾個星期以來,Meredith一家繼續(xù)向Bernard提供爆米花。人們開始關(guān)注這個“爆米花小男孩”,每周他至少有50美分可以帶回家,這對他和他的家人來說是一筆可觀的收入。所有這些都要歸功于約翰想出的好主意?！緟⒖挤段摹縒hen

Mrs.Meredith

heard

of

John’s

idea,she

thought

it

was

a

good

one,too.Verysoon,thechildrenwerebusypoppingthecorn,whiletheirmotherwentouttobuythepaperbags.Whenshecameback,shebroughtBernardwithher.Bernardwasverygladtojoinintheworkandsaid,“Sogoodanidea!I’lltryrightnow.”Theyworkedtogetheruntilallthecorntheypreparedwasallpopped,thepaperbagsfilledandarrangedinthebasket.With

everything

ready,Bernard

started

out

on

his

new

business.Muchsoonerthanexpected,hereturnedwithanemptybasket.Hehadneverearnedsomuchmoneybeforeinhislife.Formanyweeks,theMeredithfamilycontinuedtoofferpopcorntoBernard.Peoplebegantowatchforthe“l(fā)ittlepopcornboy”,andeveryweekhehadatleastfiftycents,asignificantincomeforhimandhisfamily,totakehome.AllofthiswasthankstothegoodideathatJohncameupwith.【范文賞析】該范文完全是在所給材料的文本大意和敘述意圖的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行續(xù)寫的。續(xù)寫中圍繞主要人物theMeredithfamily和Bernard展開,對文本大意中的“后來,Meredith的孩子想出了一個主意——制作爆米花,讓Bernard去賣爆米花”進(jìn)行了合理的拓展,該范文詳細(xì)描述了Meredith一家如何通過制作爆米花和讓Bernard賣爆米花幫助他的家庭擺脫困境,充分體現(xiàn)了所給材料的敘述意圖“宣揚助人為樂的傳統(tǒng)美德”?？傊?該范文創(chuàng)造了新穎、豐富、合理的內(nèi)容,富有邏輯性,續(xù)寫完整,與原文情境融洽度高。熱點演練閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段,使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Iwokeat5:30a.m.afterarestlessnight’ssleep.Islowlyunzippedthetentdoortoinspectthenewday.Justlikeyesterday,thewindhaddropped.ItwasanotherbeautifulArcticday.Icrawledoutofmysleepingbagunwillingly.Iwasnormallyamorningpersonbuttheintensecoldoutsidemadethatmorningmostunappealing.Anyhow,itwastimetogreetCharlieandstarttheday.MydogCharliewasupanditwasbouncingupanddownattheendofhischainlookingwellrested.Ipouredwhatlookedlikeapoundofdogfoodintohisbowl.Steppingoutofthetent,Ilookedaroundforbearsortracksandsawnone.Itwouldneverbeagoodthingtomeetapolarbear.AnInuit(因紐特人)oncetoldmethatIshouldwatchoutforpolarbears.HesaidthatifImetapolarbear,Ishouldkeepthefollowingrulesinmind.First,keepeyecontact,movesidewaysorslightlyforward,neverbackward,andstaycalm.Donotshowfearandstandbesidealargeobjecttomakeyourselfappearaslargeaspossible.Weaponslikeflaregun(信號槍)arenecessary,butdonotshootunlessforcedto.Don’twoundabear,oryou’llmakeitevenmoredangerous,andneverrun.Itwasonlysixo’clock,soIdecidedtohavealeisurelybreakfastofabowlofmilkpowder,coconutflakes,andbuttermixedwithwarmwater.Isatonmysled(雪橇)toenjoymyfirstbreakfastoftheexpeditiononlytofindthatafterthethirdspoonfulitwasfrozen.Somuchforleisurelybreakfasts!Iaddedmorewarmwaterandatetherestasfastaspossible.SuddenlyIheardadeep,longgrowlcomingfromCharlie’sthroat.InaflashIlookedathimandtheninthedirectioninwhichhewasstaring.Itwasafemalepolarbearfollowedbytwocubs(幼崽)slowly,purposefully,towardme.Theyweretwohundredyardsaway.注意:續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右;Withmyheartquickening,IgrabbedmyloadedflaregunandcarefullywalkedsidewaysafewstepstoCharlie.

Withouttakingmyeyesoffthebear,Iledhimtothesledandfastenedhischaintoarope.Thebearwasgettingcloser.RememberingalltheInuithadtoldme,Ifiredawarningshottothebear’sleft.Butonshecame.Then,Ifiredaflarerightinfrontofher.Shestoppedandlookedatme.ThenshefixedhereyesonCharlie,whowasbarkingwildly.Shelookedbackathercubs,waitedforthemtocatchup,andfinallymovedawaytowardmyright.Thewholeeventlastedfifteenminutesbutseemedyearslong.

MyhandswereshakingasIstoodstill,watchingthethreeslowlymovenorth.Butdespitethefear,Icouldfeeldeepdowninsidearealsatisfaction.InowknewthatIcouldstanduptoabearinthewildandstaycalmenoughtofunctionandstillrememberthewordsfromtheInuit.WithCharlie’shelpIhadpassedmyfirsttest.微技能3抓住關(guān)鍵信息確定后續(xù)細(xì)節(jié)為使續(xù)寫部分情節(jié)構(gòu)思有依據(jù),首先要找出原文中的關(guān)鍵信息。大多數(shù)關(guān)鍵信息和情景模式有關(guān),表示時間、地點和人/物等。1.將關(guān)鍵信息結(jié)合到預(yù)測的情節(jié)中,展開合理的符合故事邏輯的拓展,勾勒出更加豐富的故事細(xì)節(jié),然后羅列出即將續(xù)寫的故事要點。2.不可加入新的人物、地點或事件等,或?qū)Υ我宋铩⑹录筚M筆墨,否則會造成喧賓奪主、偏離主題的后果。典例示范閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段,使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Thoughitisoneofthefadedmemoriesofmylifetoday,therearetimeswhenIrememberhisfaceclearly,especiallyhiseyes.AshehadyellowspotsonhiseyeswecalledhimSpotty.Hewouldhavebeenastray(流浪)dog,untilhecametome.Iwassevenyearsold.MydadhadjustgotanewjobinNasik.Wehadmovedintoarentedhouse.Itwasrainingveryheavilyonthedaywemoved.Itwasacolddarknight.Wehadourmealandwenttosleep.SomehowinthemidnightIheardsomestrangesoundsoutsidethemaindoor.IgatheredcourageandlookedoutthroughthewindowandIwasreallyamusedwithwhatIsawoutside.Therewasasmallpuppylyingonanolddoormatwhichmymotherhadputoutsidethedoor.Hewaswetandtrembling.Atfirstitwasdifficulttoseethelittleone.Itwastheyellowspotsonhiseyesthatmademerealizehispresence.HewastryingtogetunderthedoormattoavoidthecoldairoutsideandhehadmanagedtogetinasIcouldseeonlyhisheadoutsidethedoormat.Washesickorinjured?Ifeltpityforthepoorsoul.Iwentinandcameoutwithanoldtowel.Iwentneartheinnocentoneandheldthepuppyinmyhandandwipedhimtillhehadbecomedry.Itookhimintomyroomandmadeabedforhimwithawoolenblanketandasmallpillow.Heseemedveryhealthyandcomfortableinhisnewbedashewenttosleepimmediately.Thenextmorning,everyoneinthefamilycametoknowabouttheunusualguest.“Shallwekeephimwithus?”Iquestionedmymum.Likeanyotherparentswould,myparentsfirsttotallyrefusedmyideabutmysisterandIconvincedthemtokeepSpotty.SlowlySpottygotonwitheveryoneandbecameoneofmyfamilymembers.注意:續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右;Oneday,Spottyreturnedfromhisdailywalkwithabrokenleg.

Almostayearlater,onemidnightweheardSpottybarkingbreathlessly.

寫作思路【文本大意】因為父親工作的原因作者搬到一個新地方,遇見了一條流浪狗,在一個又冷又黑的晚上,作者一家收留了這條流浪狗。【敘述意圖】本文是一篇關(guān)于愛護(hù)動物的文章,根據(jù)文本大意可推斷出,本文的敘述意圖是生活中我們要愛護(hù)動物,保護(hù)受傷的動物,人和動物要和諧相處?！纠m(xù)寫方向】根據(jù)續(xù)寫第一段開頭語“Oneday,Spottyreturnedfromhisdailywalkwithabroke