職稱英語(yǔ)理工類a級(jí)模擬37

職稱英語(yǔ)理工類A級(jí)模擬37

第1部分：詞匯選項(xiàng)

下面每個(gè)句子中均有一個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)劃有底橫線，請(qǐng)為每處劃線部分確定一個(gè)意義最

為接近的選項(xiàng)

1>Idon11whyeverythingaroundmeisgoingintoconfusion.

A.considerationB.puzzleC.attractionD.

contradiction

2、Ihavebeentryingtogiveupsmoking.

A.giveoffB.putupC.quitD.accept

3、Ihaveextremesenseofhappinessatthismoment.

A.hopeB.wishC.feelingD.dream

4、Theyhavethecapabilitytocompletethetaskinaweek.

A.possibilityB.competenceC.courageD.

mixture

5、Itwillbefullofhazardsonthewaytosuccess.

A.hopesB.dangersC.helpsD.dreams

6、Theboyistooyoungtodiscriminaterightfromwrong.

A.inferB.accessC.distinguishD.

recognize

7、Shewassogratefultohimanddecidedtomarryhim.

A.carefulB.usefulC.hopefulD.

thankful

8、Theproperprocedurecontributedtothesatisfyingoutcome.

A.resultB.assessmentC.estimationD.

sources

9、Heissuspiciousabouthermotivationtoattendtheparty.

A.sureB.angryC.doubtfulD.worded

10>Thelittleboyemployedanunexpectedmethodtogeltheresult.

A.adaptedB.adoptedC.assignedD.

appointed

11>Thesonwassoconcernedabouttheillnessofhisfather.

A.seriousB.happyC.luckyD.worded

12>Youhavetomakesurethatyouhavechosenasecuresolution.

A.clearB.secretC.advisableD.safe

13、Hestrangeclothesandmake-upreallyastonishedthepeopleattheparty

A.attachedB.shockedC.attractedD.

shifled

14、Themanhasacquiredanimportantstatusinthiscompany.

A.caughtB.attachedC.compressedD.obtained

15>Hehasbecomeacelebritybecauseofhiswonderfulperformanceintheplay.

A.directorB.actorC.starD.

film-maker

第2部分：閱讀判斷

下面的短文后列出了7個(gè)句子，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對(duì)每個(gè)句子做出判斷：如果陵句

提供的是正確信息，請(qǐng)選擇A；如果該句提供的是錯(cuò)誤信息，請(qǐng)選擇B；如果該句信息

文中沒(méi)有提及，請(qǐng)選擇C

3.WillAnyoneWatch3-DTV?

Markthecalendar：2010mightbetheyearthatTV'sfinalfrontiergets

broken.AnnouncedinearlySeptember,thenewestmodelsintheoffing（馬

上就來(lái)臨的）forlate2010fromSonyandPanasonicarebringing3-DHDTV（高

消晰度電視）intothehome.Thatis,ifyou*rewillingtoweartheglasses.

Yes,glasses.They1renotquitetheflimsyred-and-blue-cellophane（玻

璃2氏）getupsthattheyusedtobe,buttheSonyandPanasonicmodelsstill

requireyoutowearapairofshadestoobservetheeffect.HowcanTV

manufacturersconvinceyouthatseeingshowsin3-Disworththeannoyance

ofhavingtowearapairofspecs（眼鏡）?

Thefirstwayisbymakingthetechnologywaybetter.Afterall.3-D

entertainmentisnothingnew.Theearly1950swerefloodedwith3-Dmovies,

andthetechnologyhasmadeanoccasionalcomebackeversince.Eachtime,

though,it1sdoneinbythesamecomplaints：poorimagequalityandheadaches

andeyestrainfromextendedviewing.Earlyreviewsofthenewmodelsfrom

SonyandPanasonicsuggestthey*vesolvedtheproblem.Bothuseglassesthat

containtinyshutters（快門(mén)）,openingandclosingat120framespersecond,

insyncwith（與..同步）theimageonthescreentogivetheillusionofdepth.

It*sanewapproachthatgivesusersawiderviewingangle,anotherweakness

ofolderapproaches.

Allthiswouldbepointlessiftheentertainmentindustryweren1talso

takinganewlookat3-D,Therecentspate（一陣）of3-Dmoviesonthebig

screen-G-Force,MonstersvsAliensandMyBloodyValentineallhad3-Ddebuts

thisyear-foreshadows（預(yù)示）asimilarspurtonthesmallscreen.Blu-raydiscsz

whichhavethestoragecapacitynecessaryforhigh-definition3-Dcontentz

andtheirplayersarebecomingmoreaffordable,andPanasonicisworkingwith

moviestudiostorelease3-Deditionsofmovies,timedtocoincidewiththe

firstgroupofTVs.Broadcastnetworksarepayingcloseattentiontoo-ESPN

broadcasttheSept.12USCvs.OhioStatecollege-footbal1gamein3-Das

apilottest.andinBritaintherearealreadystationsdedicatedto3-Dcontent.

Butstill.Theglasses!Theheadgear（^）necessarytowatchmodem3-DTVs

remainsbulky-and,well,ugly-butLuxottica,makerofRay-Ban,isworking

onasolutiontotthat.Thecompanyplanstorelease3-Dglassesmodeledafter

Ray-Ban*sclassicWayfarer（徒步旅行者）shades.giringeventhestyle-conscious

enthusiastlittlereasontoresist3-D.

16、SonyandPanasonicwillbring3-DHDTVintothehomein2010.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

17>Mostpeoplebelievethatseeingshowsin3-Disnotworththetrouble

ofhavingtowearapairofglasses.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

18>The3-Dentertainmentindustryisabrandnewbusiness.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

19>Poorimagequality,headachesandeyestrainfromextendedviewingare

majorcomplaintsfrom3.Dmovieviews.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

20>Theentertainmentindustryistakinganewlookat3-Dtoputanumber

of3-Dmoviesontheshow.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

21>3-DmoviesandTVswillreplacethepresentnormalmoviesandTVsinthe

nextdecade.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

22、Style-consciousenthusiastswilldefinitelyresist3-DTVsbecauseof

thebigandugly3-Dglasses.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

第3部分：概括大意與完成句子

下面的短文后有2項(xiàng)測(cè)試任務(wù)：⑴第23?26題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為第1?4段每

段選擇1個(gè)最佳標(biāo)題：（2）第27?30題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為每個(gè)句子確定1個(gè)最佳選

項(xiàng)。

VoltsfromtheSky

1.Lightninghascausedaweandwondersinceoldtimes.AlthoughBenjamin

Franklindemonstratedlightningasenorlnouselectricaldischargemorethan200years

ago,manypuzzlesstillsurroundthispowerfulphenomenon.

2.Lightningisgeneratedwhenelectricalchargesseparateinrainclouds,though

processesarestillnotfullyunderstood.Typically,positivechargesbuildatthecloud

top,whiletheboaombecomesnegativelycharged.Inmostinstancesofcloud-to-ground

lightning,thenegativelychargedlowerportionofthecloudrepelsnegativelycharged

particlesontheground'ssurfaces,makingitbecomepositivelycharged.Thepositive

chargeonthegroundgathersatelevatedpoints.

3.Aflowofelectronsbeginsbetweenthecloudandearth.Widenthevoltagecharge

becomeslargeenough,itbreaksthroughtheinsulatingharrierofair,andelectrons

zigzagearthward.Weseethedischargeaslightning.

4.Lightningcanoccurwithinacloud,betweenclouds,orbetweencloudsandthe

ground.Thefirstvariety,intra-cloudlightning,isthemostfrequenthutisoftenhidden

fromourview.Cloud-to-groundlightning,makingupabout20percentoflightning

discharges,iswhatweusuallysee,Lightningcomesinseveralforms,includingsheet,

ribbon,andball.Intra-cloudlightningcanilluminateacloudsoitlookslikeawhite

sheet,henceitsname.Whencloud-to-groundlightningoccursduringstrongwinds,

theycanshiftthelightningchannelsideways,soitlookslikearibbon.Theaverage

lightningstrikeismorethan3mileslongandcantravelatatenthofthespeedoflight.

Balllightning,therarestandmostmysteriousform,derivesitsnamefromthesmall

luminousballthatappearsneartheimpactpoint,moveshorizontally,antilastsfor

severalseconds.

5.Thunderisgeneratedbythetremendousheatreleasedinalightningdischarge.

Temperaturesnearthedischargecanreachashighas50,000°Fwithinthousandthsofa

second.Thissuddenheatingactsasanexplosion,generatingshockwaveswehearas

thunder.

6.About2,000thunderstormsareoccurringintheworldatanytime,generating

about100lightingstrikeseverysecond,or8milliondaily.WithintheUnitedStates,

lightningstrikesareestimatedat20millionayear,orabout22,000perday.Youhavea

l-in-600,000chanceofbringstruckbylightningduringyourlifetime.Lightningcan

striketwiceormoreinthesamespot.TheEmpireStateBuildinginNewYorkisstruck

bylightningabouttwodozentimesannually.

7.Youcanmeasurehowfaryonarefromalightningstrikebycountingtheseconds

betweenviewingtheflashandhearingthebang,andthendividingbyfive.This

approximatesthemileage.

A.Cloud-to-groundlightningoccurringintheU.S.

B.Typesoflightning

C.Causeoflighruing

D.Differencesbetweenthunderandthunderstorm

E.FrequenciesofthunderstormsoccurringintheworldandtheU.S.

F.Shockwavesasthunder

23、Paragraphs2and3.

24、Paragraph4.

25、Paragraph5.

26、Paragraph6.

A.occursmostinfrequently

B.isshiftedsidewaysbystrongwinds

C.isoftenhiddenfromourview

D.isequippedwithagoodknowledgeofvariousformsoflightning

E.isestimatedat20millionsayear

F.ispositivelycharged

27、Inmostcasesofinfra-cloudlightning,theground'ssurface.

28、Oneformoflightningthatishalllightning.

29、Cloudlightninglookslikearibbonwhenitslightingchannel.

30、Althoughnotfullyunderstandingprocessesoflightning,man.

第4部分：閱讀理解

下面有3篇短文，文后有5道題。請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容為每題定一個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。

WhyMoreFertilizerHarmsPlantDiversity

The35-year-oldmysteryofwhyfertilizersdecreasebiodiversityhas

finallybeensolved.Thesecret?Theyincreasecompetitionforsunlight.Adding

fertilizerslograsslandsincreasestheproductivityofplantszbutleads

toamajordropinbiodiversity.

Theamountofnitrogen（氮）andphosphorus（磷）availabletoplantshasdoubled

inthelast50yearszbutthereasonwhythishasharmeddiversityhasnot

beeneasytoanswer.Thedebatehascentredonwhetherfertilizersincrease

competitionaboveorbelowground-forsunlightorsoilresources?

Toresolvetheargument,YannHautierandAndyHectorfromtheUniversity

ofZurich,Switzerlandbuilttheirownexperimentalplantcommunityfromscratch

Hautier*steamgrew32plantcommunitiesfortouryears,beforetransferring

themtoaglasshouse.Eachcommunitycomprisedfourdifferentsetsofsix

species.Halfwerefertilized,theotherswereleftunfertilized.Halfof

eachofthesesetshadlightadded,usingasystemofthreefluorescenttubes

thatwereraisedasthecanopygrew,whiletheotherhalfwerelefttogrow

innormallightconditions.

Aftertwoyears,thesetsthatwerefertilizedinnormallightconditions

showedasignificantincreaseinproductivityantibiomass,butlostaround

one-thirdoftheirspeciesdiversitycomparedtotheunfertilizedgroups.

Thosethatwerefertilizedandgivenadditionallightshowednosignificant

lossofdiversity.

Touncoverwhetherundergroundcompetitionforrootspacehadanyinfluence

onbiodiversity,theteamaddedtwonewspeciesofplantatthebeginning

ofthesecondyear.Therootsofhalftheseplantswerecontainedinplastic

tubes,whichpreventedanybelow-groundcompetition：theotherhalfwereleft

exposed.

Removingbelow,groundcompetitionfromfertilizedplotshadnodetectable

impactonthemortality（死亡率）oftheseedlings（幼苗）,comparedtothose

thatwereexposedtofullrootcompetition,saysHautier.

*'Inthefertilizedgroupswithoutadditionallight,therewasnodifference

withorwithouttheroot-tube-theydiedbothways.Evenifweremovecompetition

belowground,theseplantsareunabletogrow."

DrewPurves,acomputationalecologistfromMicrosoftResearchCambridge

isimpressedwiththeteam*sfindings."Thisisarareexampleofasimple

experimentprovidinganunambiguousanswertoanimportantecologicalquestion.

Iftheseresultsaregeneraltotemperategrasslands-whichseemslikely-then

wecanstarttodevelopmoretargetedpoliciestooffset（補(bǔ)償，寸氐消）oneof

themostimportantsourcesofdiversitylossingrasslands."

31、Thedebateonthereasonwhyfertilizersdecreasebiodiversityhascentred

on

A.whethertheycanincreasetheamountofnitrogenandphosphorusavailable

toplants.

B.whethertheyincreasethecompetitionbetweenplantsforsunlightor

forsoilresources.

C.whetheraddingfertilizerscanreallyincreaseplantproductivity.

D.whetherthebiodiversitydropsduetothefertilizesorsomeplants

dieofotherreasons.

32>WhatdidHauntier1steamdointheirstudy?

A.Theygrew32plantcommunitiesfortouryearsandthentransferredthem

toahouse.

B.Theygrewfoursetsofsixdifferentspeciesandfertilizedthem.

C.Theyaddlighttohaltofthesesetszandlefttheotherhalfgrowing

innormallightconditions.

D.Theyputtheplantcommunitiesindifferentglasshousesandobserved

themseparately.

33、Thescientistsfoundintheexperimentthat

A.thesetsthatwerefertilizedinnormallightweremoreproductiveand

diverse.

B.thefertilizedplantswithaddedlightalsolosttheirbiodiversity.

C.below-groundcompetitionhadnosignificantimpactonthebiodiversity

ofplants.

D.themorefertilizeryonusethemoreactivetheplantsare.

34、Thefertilizedplantswithadditionallightoutperformedthefertilized

plantsinthat

A.theykepttheirbiodiversityasatthebeginningoftheexperiment.

B.theyweremoreactiveandgrewtobebigger.

C.notasingleplantinthegroupdiedintheprocessoftheexperiment.

D.theykepttheirbiodiversityandgrewtobebiggeratthesametime.

35、WhatdoesDrewPurvesthinkofthestudyanditsfindings?

A.Itisasimpleexperimentbutprovidesconvincingreasonfordiversity

loss.

B.Thesefindingsarenotlikelytobegeneralintemperategrasslands.

C.Thesefindingsmaybehelpfulforustopreventdiversitylossinmost

areasoftheworld.

D.Thestudylastedtoolonganddidn11reachanyconclusionaboutdiversity

loss.

IstheInternetBroken?

Google*sGmailsystem,whichservesmillionsofcustomersaroundtheworld,

shutdownyesterday.Twitter,themicro-bloggingserviceusedbytensof

millionsofpeople,wentoff-linelastmonth.Itblamedthetroubleonamalicious

programmerinRussiawhowastryingtoshutdowntheaccountofauserin

neighboringGeorgia.Itisastonishingthelocalactionsofasmallnumber

ofprogrammerscallbringanentireInternetservicetoitsknees,butthat

havebeenthecase.

TheInternetasitissetupnowoperatesatthreelevels.Thefirstis

theserversthatstoredataandcontentforusebycustomers.Googleandother

largecompanieskeepmassiveserverfarms.Thesearewell-protectedfromoutside

programmersbysophisticatedsoftware,butclearlythatdoesnotalwayswork.

Theprotectiondevicesmayfailmoreandmoreoftenashackersgetmoreskillful.

ThesecondpartoftheInteractisthe"pipes"thatcarrydata,video,

e-mailmessages,andtextofwebsitesfromcompaniessuchasGoogle,Yahoo!,

andTwirlerzthatmakeupInteractcontentandservicestocustomers.Some

ofthese"pipe”providerszspecificallytelecomandcablecompanies,arealready

complainingthattheamountofdatathattheyhavetomoveisrisingtoorapidly

forthemtoaccommodate.Videofileszwhichareparticularlylarge,haveposed

significantproblemstocablecompanies.

ThelastpieceoftheInteractistheenduser,thecompaniesandconsumers

whohavetirePCs.Perversely,thesePCsarealsothetoolsbywhichhackers

buildmaliciouscodethattheysendouttocompromisetheeffectivenessof

theserverstodestroythedatatransportsystemwhichisatthecoreofthe

worldwideweb1soperations.

1

TheproblemofonlineoutagesisasoldastheinternetitselfzAOLsdial-up

56kservicewouldgodownregularlyinthemid-1990s.Thecompanydidnot

haveenoughmodemstokeepupwithdemand.

TheInternetforthelastdecademaynotbetheInternetfortirefuture.

Theprophylacticsoftwarethatwasmeanttoprotectthewebislesseffective.

Likeanythingelsethatisusedregularlywhetheritisacar,alightbulb,

oraPC,theInternetisgoingtohavetobeupgradedmoreoftennow.Itwon*t

workeveryhourofeverydayanymore.

36、Whatisthemainpurposeofthefirstparagraph?

A.TocriticizethatGoogleandTwitterprovidepoorservice.

B.Toremindpeopleofthedangerinusingemails.

C.Topresentafactthattheinternetisnotstableallthetime.

D.Todisplaythehacker1sskillsindamagingtheinternet.

37、Accordingtothepassage,whichdescriptionaboutinternetisright?

A.Theinternetoperatesatthreelevels,allofwhichareserverskept

byinternetoperators.

B.Theserversaresowellprotectedthattheyareseldomhitbyhackers.

C.Thedemandforimprovingprotectiondevicesisurgentashackersget

moreandmoreskillful.

D.GoogleandTwitterkeeplargefarmsforcustomers.

38、Accordingtothepassagezwhatismainproblemthatcablecompaniesface

now?

A.Therearemoreandmorecablecompaniestocompeteintheinternet

operationmarket.

B.Theamountofdatatheyhavetomoveisrisingwhiletheiraccommodation

isnotincreasedsoquickly.

C.Thevideosfilesdamagethe.pipesthatareusedtotransportingthe

information.

D.Telecomandcablecompanieshavetoomuchcontenttoprovidethatthey

needtoenlargetheirpipes.

39、Accordingtothepassage,whythePCscanhethetoolstodestroythe

internetsystem?

A.BecausetherearetoomanyPCswhiletheinternetsystemresourcesare

limited.

B.BecausethePCsareweakinreceivingdatawhichmakestheinternet

isovercrowdedwithdata.

C.BecausehackerscanusethePCstosendharmfulcodetoreducethe

effectivenessofservers.

D.Becausetheworldwideweb*stransportationcanbebrokendownbyPCs.

40、WhatcanNOTbeinferredfromthepassage?

A.Usually,thedemandforinteractisgreaterthanthatcanbeprovided.

B.Internet,likeacar,needstobeupgradedtomeetthehigherdemand

onit.

C.Itiscommonthattheinternetwon'tworkproperlynowandthen.

D.Thereisnogreatdemandofinteractaccessin1950sintheU.S.

SleepNow,RememberLater

HowsleephelpsUSconsolidatememoriesisstilllargelyamystery.Arecent

studyfromtheUniversityofLiibeck,inGermany,offersoneclue-Subjects

weregivenalistof46wordpairstomemorize,justbeforesleep.Thenwhen

theyreachedthedeepeststagesofsleep,electricalcurrentsweresentthrough

electrodesontheir"headstoinduceveryslowbrainwaves.Suchslowwaves

wereinducedatrandominthebrainsofonegroupofsubjects,butnotanother.

Thenextmorning,theslow-wavegrouphadbetterrecallofthewords.Other

typesofmemorywereno|improved,andinducingtheslowwaveslaterinthe

nightdidnothavethesameeftect.Whyandhowtheslowwavesimprovedmemory

isnotyetunderstood,buttheyarethoughttoalterthestrengthsofchemical

connections,orsynapses,betweenspecificpairsofnervecellsinthebrain.

Memoriesare11stored"inthesesynapses：changingthestrengthofthesynapses

increasesthestrengthofthememoriestheystore.

It1snotjustmemorythatisimprovedbysleep.Recentstudiesindicate

thatsleepriotonlyhelpsstorefacts,italsohelpsmakeconnectionsbetween

them.UllrichWagneraridcolleaguesinGermanyusedapuzzleinwhichplayers

weregivenastringofnumbers,andrequiredtomakeaseriesofsevencalculations

basedonthesenumbers.Theseventhcalculation（whichdependedonthepreceding

six）wasthenanswer."Participantsrepeatedlyplayedthesamegamewiththe

sameroles,butdifferentsetsofnumbers.

Theresearchersstructuredthegamesuchthatthesecondcalculationalways

gavethesameanswerastheseventhcalculation-thefinalanswer.Ifplayers

recognizedthisrule,theycouldgettothefinalanswermuchfaster.Sonic

oftheplayersplayedthegameinthemorning,thendidotherthingsforeight

hoursorso,thenplayedthegameagain.Othersplayedthegamefirstinthe

even