小學(xué)英語五升六暑期講義第6講：句型轉(zhuǎn)換（學(xué)生版）

學(xué)員姓名：輔導(dǎo)科目：英語學(xué)科教師：課程主題：句型轉(zhuǎn)換專題授課時(shí)間：學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)掌握解題技巧教學(xué)內(nèi)容【進(jìn)門測試】詞匯知識點(diǎn)抽查【多元導(dǎo)學(xué)】思考句型轉(zhuǎn)換的技巧【互動精講】【簡單句的分類】在英語中，句子按使用的目的分為四大類：陳述句、疑問句、祈使句、感嘆句【例題精講】根據(jù)表格的分類造句。例句用途陳述句肯定句Ihaveanewdress.描述意見、事情或者說明說話人的看法否定句Hedoesn'tdowellinPE.疑問句一般疑問句AreyouinGrade6?用于提出問題特殊疑問句When’syourbirthday?選擇疑問句Isyourfriendaboyoragirl?祈使句肯定Closethedoor,please.表示命令、建議或者要求等否定Don'tbelateagain.感嘆句Whatanicepresent!表示驚訝、喜悅、贊美、厭惡等感情批注：在導(dǎo)入部分學(xué)生初步對這幾類句子有了了解，在這部分詳細(xì)解釋各類句子的用途，并讓學(xué)生自己造句子，句子不局限于所給的參考答案，只要符合要求即可?！局R梳理1】陳述句概念陳述句是陳述一個(gè)事實(shí)或者說話人的看法。它包括肯定句和否定句兩種。陳述句在書寫時(shí)句末用句號，在朗讀時(shí)用降調(diào)?？隙ň洌簩κ挛镒鞒隹隙ㄅ袛嗟木渥雨愂鼍浞穸ň洌汉小安?、沒有、完全不是、完全不”等否定意思的詞的句子1.肯定句如：Lucylikesplayingsports.Iamsinging.Shecanrideabike.2.否定句如：Lisaisnotastudent.Wecannotgohikingwithyouthisweekend.Idon’tlikemusic.【例題精講】連詞成句1.are,brothers,those,my,not(.)______________________________________________2.table,backpack,the,my,is,under(.)_______________________________________________3.the,is,dress,red,in,girl,sister,my,the(.)_______________________________________________4.like,

some,

would,

I,

noodles(.)_______________________________________________5.has,she,a,car,blue(.)_________________________________________________【知識梳理2】感嘆句的構(gòu)成引導(dǎo)詞用法例句WhatWhat+a/an+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+(主語+謂語)What+形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞+(主語+謂語)What+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+(主語+謂語)Whatadeliciouscake(itis)!Whatdeliciouscoffee(itis)!Whatdeliciouscakes(theyare)!HowHow+adj./adv.+(主語+謂語)How+adj.+a/an+名詞+(主語+謂語)Howdelicious(thecakeis)!Howdeliciousacake(itis)!感嘆句記憶口訣感嘆句，并不難，what與how應(yīng)在前；形容詞、副詞跟著how，what后面名詞連；名詞若是可數(shù)單，前帶冠詞a或an；主語、謂語放后面，省略它們也常見?！纠}精講】例1：______aprettygirlsheis!(What/How)例2：______kindteacherstheyare!(What/How)【鞏固練習(xí)】例1：______hotwateritis!(What/How)例2：______happyIam!例3：________quicklytheboyisrunning!【知識梳理3】陳述句變感嘆句在把陳述句變感嘆句時(shí)，可以根據(jù)以下這種方法——一斷二加三換位?！耙粩唷奔丛谥^語后面斷開，使句子分成兩部分；“二加”即在第二部分前加上how（強(qiáng)調(diào)形容詞、副詞）或what（強(qiáng)調(diào)名詞）；“三換位”即把第一部分和第二部分互換位置，句號換感嘆號。例如：Heworkshard.→Heworks/hard.→Heworks（how）hard.→Howhardheworks!三換位二加一斷三換位二加一斷Heisagoodworker.→Heis/agoodworker.→Heis（what）agoodworker.→Whatagoodworkerheis!三換位二加一斷三換位二加一斷【例題精講】Helistenedtohisteachercarefully.(改為感嘆句)_______________helistenedtohisteacher!【鞏固練習(xí)】例1：Itisanicecake.(改為感嘆句)_______________________cakeitis!例2：TheChristmastreeisbeautiful.(改為感嘆句)______________theChristmastreeis!【知識梳理4】祈使句的含義祈使句：表請求、命令、勸告、警告、禁止等，句子以動詞原形開頭。例如：Bequiet,please.（Pleasebequiet.）（請安靜。——請求）Goandwashyourhands.（去洗你的手?！睿〣ekindtooursister.（對姊妹要和善?！?jiǎng)窀妫￤atchyoursteps.（走路小心?！妫㎜ookout！Danger?。ㄐ⌒?！危險(xiǎn)！——強(qiáng)烈警告，已如感嘆句）Keepoffthegrass.（勿踐草坪?！梗㎞oparking.（禁止停車?！梗局R梳理5】祈使句的肯定和否定結(jié)構(gòu)1.肯定結(jié)構(gòu)：1）Do型(即：動詞原形(+賓語)+其它成分)。如：Pleasehaveaseathere.請這邊坐。有的祈使句在意思明確的情況下，動詞可省略。如：Thisway,please.=Gothisway,please.請這邊走。2）Be型(即：Be+表語(名詞或形容詞)+其它成分)。如：Beagoodboy!要做一個(gè)好孩子!3）Let型(即：Let+賓語+動詞原形+其它成分)。如：Letmehelpyou.讓我來幫你?！纠}精講】例1：(taste)thecake,please.例2：(be)agoodteacher.例3：Letme_______alook.A.haveB.tohaveC.having【鞏固練習(xí)】例1：Let’s(go)forawalk,shallwe?例2：Lethim(be)hereby10o’clock.2.否定結(jié)構(gòu)：1）Do型和Be型的否定式都是在句首加don't構(gòu)成。如：Don'tforgetme!不要忘記我!Don'tbelateforschool!上學(xué)不要遲到!2）Let型的否定式有兩種：“Don't+let+賓語+動詞原形+其它成分”和“Let+賓語+not+動詞原形+其它成分”。如：Don'tlethimgo./Lethimnotgo.別讓他走。3）有些可用no開頭，用來表示禁止性的祈使句。如：Nosmoking!禁止吸煙!Nofishing!禁止釣魚!【例題精講】例1：______speakloudly.Keepquiet,please.A.Don’t B.Shouldn’tC.Doesn’tD.Wouldn’t例2：(notrun)intheclassroom.It’sdangerous(危險(xiǎn)的).【鞏固練習(xí)】例1：(notbe)absentfromthemeeting!例2：Let’snot(say)anythingaboutit!例3：Lookatthesign.Itreads“____________smoking!”A.Not B.No C.Don’t【知識梳理6】句型轉(zhuǎn)換陳述句變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧洹纠}精講】把下列句子變成一般疑問句。1)Sheisapolicewoman.→2)Youcangohomenow.→方法總結(jié)：句子中含有be動詞，助動詞或情態(tài)動詞時(shí)，把它們提到句首。3)MikegetsupearlierthanDavid.→4)IgetupearlierthanDavid.→5)IgotupearlierthanDavid.→【陳述句變一般疑問句方法總結(jié)】（1）“三步走”第一步：看一下原句有沒有be動詞（am,is,are,was,were），有則將be動詞提到主語之前，即是：be動詞+主語+…?第二步：看一下原句有沒有情態(tài)動詞（can,should,may,must,will,would,could……），有則將情態(tài)動詞提到主語之前，即是：情態(tài)動詞+主語+…?第三步：在沒有be動詞和情態(tài)動詞的情況下，就要請助動詞（do,does,did）來幫忙。即：助動詞（do,does,did）+主語+…?（2）“一致原則”即“用什么提問則用什么回答”；（3）人稱要注意第一人稱要變成第二人稱；（4）特別注意：如果肯定句中有some，在改為一般疑問句時(shí)，要把它變?yōu)閍ny?！疽蓡柧渥兙淇谠E】疑問句很容易，句子之中找can/be(am/is/are/were/was)?？彀阉鼈兲峋涫?，首大末問別忘記。如果句中無can/be,句子前面加DDD（Do/Does/Did）。第一人稱you代替。注意：此處的can代表的是情態(tài)動詞，情態(tài)動詞有should,will,could,may,shall,must等?！局R梳理7】陳述句變?yōu)樘厥庖蓡柧潢愂鼍渥優(yōu)樘厥庖蓡柧鋾r(shí)，要根據(jù)不同的問答選用不同的疑問詞，后再跟一般疑問句式，不同的提問用不同的特殊疑問詞。When什么時(shí)間（問時(shí)間）Whatdate什么日期（問具體日期）Who誰（問人）Whatday星期幾Whose誰的（問主人）How…怎么樣（問情況）Where在哪里（問地點(diǎn)）Howold多大（問年齡）Which哪一個(gè)（問選擇）Howmany多少（問數(shù)量，后跟可數(shù)名詞）Why為什么（問原因）Howmuch多少（問價(jià)錢或數(shù)量，問數(shù)量時(shí)后跟不可數(shù)名詞）What什么（問東西、事情或職業(yè)）Howabout……怎么樣（問意見）Whattime什么時(shí)間（問具體的時(shí)刻）Howfar多遠(yuǎn)（問路程）Whatcolour什么顏色（問顏色）Howlong多長問時(shí)間(for+一段時(shí)間)Whatabout…怎么樣（問意見）【鞏固練習(xí)】對畫線部分提問。1.I’dliketohavehamburgersforlunch.___________you___________________forlunch?【劃線提問口訣】劃線提問不存疑，下面口訣要牢記。原句先變疑問句，劃線部分再劃去。疑詞選擇要注意，首大末問別忘記。如果疑詞是What，劃去部分do/doing代替?！局R梳理8】選擇疑問句和一般疑問句的答語【例題精講】按照要求寫句子。1)--Isyourdresswhiteorblue?(寫出答語)--2)--Isyourdresswhite?(寫出答語)--句型轉(zhuǎn)換的方法總結(jié)(例句時(shí)態(tài)以一般過去時(shí)為主)一、肯定句一般疑問句1.有be動詞或情態(tài)動詞（am,is,are,was,were,can,could,would,should等）=1\*GB3①be動詞或情態(tài)動詞搬句首=2\*GB3②第一、第二人稱互換=3\*GB3③some改成any,and改成or=4\*GB3④句末改成問號例：=1\*GB3①Iwasathomeyesterday.Wereyouathomeyesterday?Yes,Iwas./No,Iwasn’t.=2\*GB3②Icoulddancedwelltenyearsago.Couldyoudancewelltenyearsago?Yes,Icould./No,Icouldn’t.2.沒有be動詞或情態(tài)動詞=1\*GB3①句首添加助動詞do,does或did（根據(jù)原句時(shí)態(tài)和人稱決定）=2\*GB3②第一、第二人稱互換=3\*GB3③some改成any,and改成or=4\*GB3④動詞變回原形=5\*GB3⑤句末改成問號例：WewenttoafarmlastSunday.DidyougotoafarmlastSunday?Yes,Idid./No,Ididn’t.二、肯定句特殊疑問句1.將劃線部分換成對應(yīng)的疑問詞人——who/whom事，物——what地點(diǎn)——where時(shí)間——when/whattime原因——why數(shù)量——howmany頻率——howoften價(jià)錢——howmuch顏色——whatcolour年齡——howold長度——howlong距離——howfar還有how,which,whose等。2.將剩余部分改成一般疑問句。（具體步驟同第一大點(diǎn)）例：Iwenttotheparkyesterday.=1\*GB3①Iwenttotheparkyesterday.Whatdidyoudoyesterday?=2\*GB3②Iwenttotheparkyesterday.Wheredidyougoyesterday?=3\*GB3③Iwenttotheparkyesterday.Whowenttotheparkyesterday?=4\*GB3④Iwenttotheparkyesterday.Whendidyougotothepark?三、肯定句否定句1.有be動詞或情態(tài)動詞=1\*GB3①直接在be動詞或情態(tài)動詞后加not，可縮寫。=2\*GB3②some改成any,and改成or=3\*GB3③動詞變回原形例：=1\*GB3①M(fèi)ikewasintheclassroomjustnow.Mikewasn’tintheclassroomjustnow.=2\*GB3②Hecouldflykiteshigh.Hecouldn’tflykiteshigh.2.沒有be動詞或情態(tài)動詞=1\*GB3①在行為動詞前添加助動詞don’t,doesn’t或didn’t.=2\*GB3②動詞變回原形=3\*GB3③some改成any,and改成or例：ThestudentshadaPElessonthismorning.Thestudentsdidn’thaveaPElessonthismorning.鞏固練習(xí)一、將下列句子改成一般疑問句1.Iusuallydomyhomeworkateight.__________________________________________Wewatchedafootballmatchyesterday.__________________________________________I’dliketogoswimming.____________________________________________Theyareplayingfootballintheplayground.______________________________________Youshouldkeepquietinthelibrary.________________________________Shehadsomebreadyesterdaymorning.__________________________________________Hissisterhassometoys.________________________________________I’mgoingtojoinapartythisevening.____________________________Mymothercansinganddance.____________________________________Iwasathomejustnow.______________________________二、將下列句子改成否定句1.Theyareinthebedroom.________________________________TomwatchedTVlastevening.________________________________Idomyhomeworkeveryday._____________________________________Shelikesmilk.________________________________________Johnhadsometoysmanyyearsago.____________________________________________ShemustreturnthestorybooktoTomintwodays.___________________________________Sheisgoodatdrawing.________________________________Weshouldruninthemorningeveryday.___________________________________Wecangotherebytrain.______________________________________Iamtenyearsold.____________________________________將下列句子改成特殊疑問句（劃線提問）Theybroughtsomenicefoodyesterday.__________________________________Sheisanurse._________________________________Sheismyteacher.__________________________________Iamlookingformysister.________________________________Itismycoat._________________________________Igetupatsix.__________________________________Theyarefiveyuan.__________________________________IamfromHubei.____________________________IwenttoschoollatebecauseIgotuplate._______________________________________Itiswindytoday._____________________________________Mybagisred._______________________________________I’mgoingtowatchafilmtomorrow.__________________________________Weshouldsavetreesandwater._____________________________________【課堂檢測】1.Ihavesometoycars.(改為否定句)Itoycars.2.Thewhitecapisonthetable.(對畫線部分提問)thewhitecap?3.Wehavethreelessonsthisafternoon?(對畫線部分提問)doyouhave?4.Therearesomeartroomsinyourschool.(改為一般疑問句并作否定回答)artsroomsinyourschool?,.5.Therearetwenty-fourcomputersinthecomputerroom?(對畫線部分提問)inthecomputerroom?6.Thelibraryisonthegroundfloor.(對畫線部分提問)thelibrary?7.Thereisonedressonthebed.(對畫線部分提問)arethereonthebed?8.Thetabletennisroomisonthefirstfloor.(對畫線部分提問)thetabletennisroom?9.Therearesomeflowersinthepark.(改為一般疑問句，并作否定回答)---flowersinthepark?---,.10.Thereissomewaterinthebowl.(改為否定句)Therewaterinthebowl.11.Doyouhaveananimalfriend?(用she改寫，并作肯定回答)---sheananimalfriend?---Yes,she.12.Itlikesyourfingers!(改為否定句)Ityourfingers!13.Ihavesomeanimalfriends.(改為否定句)Ianimalfriends.14.Ithasahardbody.(改為一般疑問句)itahardbody?15.Therabbithastwolongears.（對畫線部分提問）Whattherabbit?16.Dogscanswimwell.(改為一般疑問句)dogswell?17.Giveitacake.(改為同義句)acakeit.18.It’stimefordinner.(改為同義句)It’stime.19.Thereisalibraryintheschool.(改為復(fù)數(shù))Thereintheschool.20.Whatabeautifulhouseitis!(寫出同義句)thehouseis!【要點(diǎn)回顧】回顧本次課內(nèi)容【溫故知新】一、句型轉(zhuǎn)換MyfatherlikesfishingonSundays.(改為否定句)______________________________________________________MyfatherlikesfishingonSundays.(改為一般疑問句)___________________________________________Mysistercanmakeacakeforme.(改為一般疑問句)___________________________________________Mike’sfatherhasacat.(改為一般疑問句)___________________________________________YangLingandLiuTaoaregoodfriends.(改為一般疑問句)___________________________________________Igetupatseven.(改為一般疑問句)___________________________________________二、句型變化1.Myparentsarecookingdinnerinthekitchen.（對劃線部分進(jìn)行提問）parentscookingdinner?2.HeismyEnglishteacher.（對劃線部分進(jìn)行提問）ishe?3.Igetupatseven.（對劃線部分進(jìn)行提問）getup?4.ThisisMike’sbag.（對劃線部分進(jìn)行提問）isthis?Thatismyfather’sphone.（對劃線部分進(jìn)行提問）isthat?三、對劃線部分進(jìn)行提問1.Myfatherworksinafactory.(對劃線部分進(jìn)行提問)work?2.Thesebooksare50yuan.(對劃線部分進(jìn)行提問)arethesebooks?3.MymothertakesmetoBeijing.(對劃線部分進(jìn)行提問)toBeijing?4.IcomefromCanada.(加拿大)(對劃線部分進(jìn)行提問)youcomefrom?5.Igetupat6o’clockeverymorning.(對劃線部分進(jìn)行提問)