大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)改革適用（閱讀）模擬試卷67（共225題）

大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)改革適用（閱讀）模擬試卷67（共9套）（共225題）大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)改革適用（閱讀）模擬試卷第1套一、詞匯理解(本題共10題，每題1.0分，共10分。)Somemarriagesseemtocollapsesosuddenlythatyou'dneedacrystalballtopredicttheirdemise(滅亡).Inothercases,though,theseedsofmarital【C1】________arenotonlyeasiertoseebuttheymaybeplantedevenbeforethehoneymoonbillscome【C2】________.AccordingtoUCLApsychologistThomasBradbury,Ph.D.,thewayanewlywed【C3】________whenhisorherspouseisfacingapersonalproblemisasurprisinglygoodwindowintotheirmaritalfuture.BradburyandLauriPasch,Ph.D.,invited57couples,allmarriedlessthansixmonths,todiscussadifficultythateachpartnerwashaving.Whilesomecouplesprovedtobesuperstarsatprovidingemotionalsupport,otherswere【C4】________inept(笨拙的).Twoyearslater,nineofthecoupleshadalready【C5】________andfiveothermarriageswereintactbuthangingbyathread.These14couples,itturnedout,hadbeenfarlesslikelytoprovidesupporttooneanotherasnewlywedsthantheother43coupleswhosemarriageswere【C6】________.Bradburythinksacouple's【C7】________tohelpeachotherthroughtoughtimesiswhatoftenblossomsintofull-fledgedmaritaldiscord—and【C8】________divorce.Allofwhichsuggestsanobviousantidotetothesky-highdivorcerate:ifcouplescanlearnhowtoprovideemotionalsupportbeforetheymarry,they【C9】________abetterchanceofstayingtogether.Thetrouble,Bradburysays,isthatcoupleswhogoforpremarital【C10】________—wheretheycanlearnsuchskills—tendtobetheoneswithalesserriskformaritalproblemsinthefirstplace.A)commentsE)dueI)reactsM)standB)committingF)durableJ)regretfullyN)thrivingC)counselingG)inabilityK)regularlyO)ultimatelyD)dissolutionH)intendsL)split1、【C1】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：介詞of提示此處需填入名詞?？崭袼诰涑薪由衔脑掝}繼續(xù)講離婚的事例，據(jù)此推斷空格填入的名詞應(yīng)與上文的collapse意思相近，即婚姻的解體，故選dissolution“解散”。2、【C2】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：E知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：come可作系動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞，因此空格處可能是形容詞或副詞。根據(jù)before引導(dǎo)的從句主語(yǔ)thehoneymoonbills可推知填入的詞應(yīng)說明蜜月賬單怎樣，due“應(yīng)支付的，到期的”符合句意，指賬單到期。3、【C3】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：I知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處需填不及物動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式，作anewlywed的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)when從句所講的“當(dāng)配偶遇到個(gè)人問題時(shí)”，可推測(cè)這里是講夫妻倆在對(duì)方遇到問題時(shí)的行為表現(xiàn)。reacts意為“做出反應(yīng)”，符合上下文語(yǔ)義和句法要求。4、【C4】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：J知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：空格位于be動(dòng)詞和形容詞之間，應(yīng)為副詞修飾形容詞。inept“笨拙的”含有消極含義，因此選regretfully“遺憾地”，與while分句中的providingemotionalsupport形成對(duì)照。5、【C5】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：L知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處需填不及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞形式。根據(jù)后面所說的hangingbyathread“岌岌可?！??？芍撛~表消極意義，split“分開”符合句意。6、【C6】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：N知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處需填入名詞、形容詞或動(dòng)詞的分詞作表語(yǔ)。句中than提示，這43對(duì)夫妻與那14對(duì)互相扶持能力差的夫妻情況相反，因此thriving符合句意。7、【C7】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：G知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：空格前的名詞所有格提示此處應(yīng)填入名詞。后面的maritaldiscord“婚姻不和諧”提示此處的名詞含消極含義，inability符合句意。8、【C8】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：O知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處需要填入副詞，修飾動(dòng)詞divorce。這里講夫妻沒有互相扶持導(dǎo)致的兩個(gè)結(jié)果：一是婚姻不和諧，二是離婚，后者是前者的深化，故選ultimately“最終”，突出遞進(jìn)關(guān)系。9、【C9】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：M知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處需填入及物動(dòng)詞原形，作謂語(yǔ)。根據(jù)賓語(yǔ)chance，可知答案為stand。standachance(ofdoingsth，)意為“有機(jī)會(huì)／希望(做某事)”。10、【C10】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處需填入名詞作gofor的賓語(yǔ)?？崭窈笃普厶?hào)的內(nèi)容“學(xué)習(xí)這些技能”提示，夫妻婚前應(yīng)該參加了婚姻方面的一些活動(dòng)才可能學(xué)習(xí)到技能，名詞庫(kù)中的counseling“咨詢服務(wù)”符合語(yǔ)境。二、長(zhǎng)篇閱讀(本題共10題，每題1.0分，共10分。)Baby-NamingTrends[A]Overthelastfiftyyears,Americanparentshaveradicallyincreasedthevarietyofnamestheygivetheirchildren.Inthe1950s,the50mostpopularnamesaccountedfor63.4percentofallboysborn,and52.1percentofallgirls.Butby2004,thetop50namescoveredonly34.6percentoftheboysand24.4percentofthegirls.AsmorepeoplemovetotheUnitedStatesandusepopularortraditionalculturalnames,thevarietyofnamesincreases.Also,parentsfromallethnicbackgroundsarenowmorelikelytosearchoutlesscommonnamesfortheirchildren.CommonandUnusualBabyNames[B]Isitbettertohaveanamecommontoyouragegroup,onethateveryonehasheard,oranunusualname,onethatmaycausecommentwhenpeoplefirsthearit?Psychologistsandsociologistshavestudiedthisquestionforyearsandstillcannotagreeontheanswer.[C]Ontheonehand,agreatdealofevidenceshowsthatwhenpeoplehearaparticularname,theyhavestrongandspecificstereotypesaboutwhatsortofpersonbearsthatname.Forexample,mostAmericansexpectawomannamedCourtneytobeattractiveandsuccessfulbutonenamedBerthatobeloudandobese.ResearchhasfoundthatteachersmaygiveahighergradetoaschoolpaperbyastudentnamedMichaelthantoonebyHubert,eventhoughthepapersareidentical.[D]Ontheotherhand,researchthatcomparesactualpeoplewithcommonfirstnamestothosewithunusualnamesoftenshowsthelatterhavinganadvantage.PeoplewithunusualfirstnamesaremorelikelytobelistedinWho'sWhoandaremoresuccessfulaspsychologists.Collegewomenwithuncommonfirstnamesscorehigheronscalesofsociabilityandself-acceptance;theyarealsomorelikelytohaveapositivesenseofindividuality,whichhelpsthemtoresistpeerpressure.[E]Whydothesedifferentstudiesseemcontradictory?Partoftheansweristhatthefirstsetofstudiesforcedpeopletoformimpressionsbasedonthenamealone.Incontrast,recentresearchshowsthatifanameincludesinformationaboutanactualperson,thenitwillcompensateformostofthenegativeeffectsofstereotypes,andcreatesadifferentcontextinwhichtoviewaname.[F]Anotherreasonfortheconflictingresultsfromthisresearchisthatuncommonnamesandnameswithnegativeimagesarenotnecessarilythesame.BoyscalledDerryorQuinlanandgirlscalledCosimaorPrairiewillhaveachancetocreatetheirownfirstimpressions,freefromestablishedstereotypes.Theycandevelopapositive,individualself-conceptunhamperedbythenegativeimagesthatgoalongwithnamessuchasAdolf,Ethel,Myrtle,orElmer.[G]Inthefinalanalysis,ofcourse,yourchoiceofacommonorunusualnamedependsonwhatyoubelieveisbestforyourchild.Afterall,therearemanyoccasionsinlife,suchassubmittingajobapplicationorseekingadmissiontocollege,whereanamedoeshaveachancetocreateapositiveimageonitsown.HavingapopularnamesuchasEmilyorJacobmightbeanadvantage.If,ontheotherhand,individualityandcreativityareespeciallyimportanttoyou,amoreunusualnamemightbebetter.CulturalandEthnicInfluencesonBabyNames[H]Throughouttheworld,eachchildisassignedasoundorseriesofsoundsthatwillbehisorhername.Becausethatnameisapartofthelanguageofthechild'sparents,itimmediatelyidentifiesthechildasbelongingtoaparticularsociety.Soournamesidentifyusbothasindividualsandasmembersofagroup.[I]InmanypartsofAfrica,achild'snamingdayisafestiveoccasionthatusuallyoccursaweekorsoafterthebirth.Girlsarenamedsoonerthanboys,butonlybyadayortwo.Anolderpersonbestowsthename,firstbywhisperingittothebaby,becauseanewbornshouldknowhisorhernamebeforeanyoneelsedoes,thenbyannouncingthenametoeveryoneattendingtheceremony.[J]ManyNativeAmericansdevelopednamingsystemsinwhichaperson'sindividualnameincludedthenameofhisorherclan(宗族).Forexample,allthemembersofaclanthathasthebearasitstotemanimalhavenamesrelatingtobears,suchasBlack-BearTracksandBlack-BearFlashingEyes.[K]Insomegroups,childrenaregivensecretnamesthatarenotrevealeduntilthechildreachespuberty(青春期)oranotherimportantstageoflife.InotherNativeAmericannations,aneventthatoccursatachild'sbirthmaybecomethechild'sname.Today,apersonlivingonareservationmayhaveonenameathomebutadifferentnamewhenheorsheisoffthereservation.[L]Jewishnamesaresomeoftheoldestnamesinusetoday.AJewishboyisnamedofficiallywhenheiscircumcised(行割禮)ontheeighthdayafterhisbirth.Agirlisnamedassoonaspossibleafterherbirth.Traditionally,anAshkenazicJewishchildisnotnamedforalivingpersonforfearthattheAngelofDeathwillmistakethechildfortheolderpersoniftheirnamesarethesame.MediaInfluencesonBabyNames[M]Manynamesthatsuddenlybecomepopularareinspiredbyfiguresinthemedia,whethertheyarerealactorsorathletes,suchasAshtonKutcherorJalenRose,orfictionalcharacterssuchasthemermaidMadisoninthefilmSplash.[N]Ofcourse,modernparentsarenottheonlyonesaffectedbythemediaoftheirday.Thelma,forexample,becameapopularnameforEnglishandAmericangirlsafterBritishauthorMarieCorelliinventeditforthebeautifulheroineofherbestsellingnovelThelma,publishedin1887.[O]Butsincethe1950s,televisionhasbeenthemosteffectivemediumforcreatingnewnamefashions.Mallory,forexample,becamepopularforgirlswhenthecharactercalledMalloryappearedonFamilyTiesinthe1980s.AlthoughafewAmericanparentshadnamedsonsDylanafterWelshpoetDylanThomasorperhapsmusicianBobDylaninthe1960s,thenameexplodedinpopularityinthe1990safterthecharacterDylanMcKayappearedonBeverlyHills,90210.[P]Peopleoftenassumethatwhenparentstakeanamefromthemediatheywanttohonorthestarorcharacterwhohasthename.Thisisrarelythecase.Mostparentstodaydon'twanttheirchildrentohavecommonnames,butatthesametimetheywantthenamestheychooseto"fitin".Theyarethereforealwaysonthelookoutfor"differentbutnottoodifferent"names,andwhensuchanamegetsalotofexposureinthemedia,manyparentsdiscoveritatthesametime.[Q]Evenhorrificcharacterscanhaveapositiveimpactonaname'suseifthenameitselffitsinwithfashionablesounds.Gage,Peyton,andSamaraareexamplesofscaryfilmcharacterswhoneverthelessinspirednamesakes(同名的人).Namesinthenewscanalsohaveaneffect.ThenumberofAmericangirlsnamedCamilleincreasedby50percentin1969and1970afterHurricaneCamillehittheGulfCoast.AndthenumberofgirlsnamedKatrinaincreasedin2006inspiteofthename'sassociationwithahugenaturaldisaster.[R]Anymediapopularwithpeopleintheir20sand30scancreateafashionforaname.Popularmusicinspiresnamesboththroughsongs,suchasRhiannon,andsingers,suchasShania.Today'syoungparentalgenerationisnowstartingtodiscoverbabynameslikeRaidenandRinoathroughvideoandcomputergames.Someparentsarestillinspiredbynovels,asshownbynamessuchasAryaandNovalee.Sciencefictionandfantasybooks,videogames,andfilmsareparticularlynoticeableasnamesources,probablybecausethesestoriesoftenrequirewriterstocreatebrand-newnames.11、Ohtheceremony,thenameiswhisperedtothebabybeforeitispubliclyannounced.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：1知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：典禮上，先將名字低聲告訴嬰兒，然后再向眾人宣布。根據(jù)whisperedtothebaby和announced定位到I段。該段說的是非洲一些地區(qū)給孩子起名的情況。本題句子表述與該段末句相符，句中before轉(zhuǎn)述原文firstby…thenby…兩個(gè)動(dòng)作的先后順序。12、TVhasplayedanimportantroleincreatingnewandfashionablenames.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：O知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：在創(chuàng)造新潮名字上，電視起了很大作用。根據(jù)TV定位到O段。首句提到，從20世紀(jì)50年代起，電視成了引導(dǎo)名字的流行時(shí)尚最有效的媒介，本題句子是對(duì)原文的同文轉(zhuǎn)述，題目中的playedanimportantrole對(duì)應(yīng)原文的themosteffectivemedium13、Insomenations,onemaybenamedafteranimportanteventthathappensathisbirth.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：K知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：在一些國(guó)家，一個(gè)人可能會(huì)以自己出生時(shí)發(fā)生的一個(gè)重要事件命名。根據(jù)event和athisbirth定位到K段第2句。本題句子的maybenamedafter對(duì)應(yīng)原文的maybecomethechild’sname。14、Theestablishedstereotypesaboutnamesmayhaveanimpactonteacherswhentheygivegradestostudents’papers.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：當(dāng)老師在給學(xué)生論文評(píng)分時(shí)，名字形成的刻板印象可能會(huì)對(duì)老師產(chǎn)生一定的影響。根據(jù)stereotypes，teachers和givegrades定位到C段。該段說，很多證據(jù)顯示當(dāng)人們聽到一個(gè)特別的名字時(shí)，他們會(huì)對(duì)取了那個(gè)名字的人形成一種強(qiáng)烈的刻板印象。還舉例說明：研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，老師改論文的時(shí)候，即使論文質(zhì)量一樣，他給叫邁克爾的學(xué)生的分?jǐn)?shù)往往會(huì)高于叫休伯特的。本題句子是對(duì)末句的同義轉(zhuǎn)述。15、Apopularnamemaybemoreadvantageousthananunusualonewhenoneintendstoapplyforaposition.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：G知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：當(dāng)想要申請(qǐng)某個(gè)職位的時(shí)候，一個(gè)受歡迎的名字可能比少見的名字更有優(yōu)勢(shì)。根據(jù)advantageous和applyforaposition定位到G段。文中提到，在很多生活情境中，例如找工作或者考大學(xué)，名字本身確實(shí)能塑造出一個(gè)正面形象，并舉例指出apopularname可能會(huì)是一種優(yōu)勢(shì)（anadvantage），本題句子的intendstoapplyforaposition對(duì)應(yīng)原文的submittingajobapplication。16、Insomeculture,parentsusuallyavoidgivingtheirchildrenanamesharedbyalivingperson.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：L知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：在某些文化中，父母通常避免給孩子起一個(gè)與其他活著的人相同的名字。根據(jù)alivingperson定位到L段。末句提到，傳統(tǒng)上日爾曼猶太人的小孩不會(huì)取活著的人的名字，以防死神將他們錯(cuò)當(dāng)成同名的大人帶走。本題句子是對(duì)原文的同義轉(zhuǎn)述。17、Parentstakenamesfromthemediamainlybecausesuchnamesareconsidereddifferentbutnottoodifferent.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：P知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：家長(zhǎng)使用出現(xiàn)在媒體上的名字，主要是因?yàn)檫@樣的名字被認(rèn)為與眾不同但又不是大離格。根據(jù)parentstakenamesfromthemedia和differentbutnottoodifferent定位到P段。該段討論了家長(zhǎng)喜歡使用出現(xiàn)在媒體上的名字的原因：大多數(shù)父母都不想給孩子取一個(gè)普通的名字，但同時(shí)，他們又想選一個(gè)“合適”的名字。他們總是留心著那些“與眾不同但又不是太離格”的名字。本題句子概括了原文意思。18、Duetoethnicimmigration,thevarietyofnamesintheUSincreases.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：由于各個(gè)種族移民到美國(guó)，美國(guó)人的名字呈多樣化發(fā)展。根據(jù)thevarietyofnames，increases和ethnic定位到A段。最后兩句提到，隨著越來越多的人移民到美國(guó)，并且這些人喜歡用流行的或帶有文化傳統(tǒng)的名字，這使美國(guó)人的名字變得更為多樣化。本題句子的ethnicimmigration對(duì)應(yīng)原文的peoplemovetotheUnitedStates。19、Researchshowsthatpeoplewithunusualfirstnamestendtogainanadvantageoverthosewithcommonones.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：研究顯示，那些名字不常見的人往往比那些名字普通的人更有優(yōu)勢(shì)。根據(jù)unusualfirstnames，anadvantage和common定位到D段，首句提到，對(duì)那些名字普通和那些名字少見的現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中的人進(jìn)行的對(duì)比研究經(jīng)常顯示后者有優(yōu)勢(shì)。本題句子與該句表述一致。20、Moregirlswerenamedafterahurricaneeventhoughitmightremindpeopleofahugenaturaldisaster.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：Q知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：有更多的女孩以颶風(fēng)的名字命名，盡管它可能使人們想起一場(chǎng)很大的自然災(zāi)害。根據(jù)hurricane和ahugenaturaldisaster定位到Q段。該段舉例卡米利颶風(fēng)和卡特里娜颶風(fēng)，說明以颶風(fēng)命名的女孩數(shù)量增加了，盡管這讓人聯(lián)想到自然災(zāi)害。本題句子的eventhough與原文的inspiteof對(duì)應(yīng)，remindpeopleof對(duì)應(yīng)associationwith。三、仔細(xì)閱讀(本題共5題，每題1.0分，共5分。)Whyaresomanypeopleunhappyintheirjobs?Therearetwoprimaryreasons.First,somepeopleareconvincedthatearningalivingiswastingtimethattheycouldspendenjoyingthemselvesoruncoveringtheirtruetalents.Ifthisisthecasewithyou,recallyourlastlongvacation.Wasittwoweeksofcompleteenjoyment?Morelikelyitwasaweekandahalfoffuninthesun,withanotherhalfaweekof"Boy,Ican'twaittogetbacktowork."Whileallworkandnoplayisnotgood,allplayandnoworkisdisastrous.Weneedtofeelweareaccomplishingsomething.Wealsoneedsomeformoforderinourlives.Thesecondandperhapsmoreprevalentreasonforpeoplenottoliketheirworkisthattheyfeeltrapped.Onceyou'vebeenatacompanyforfiveyearsandhaveaspouse,amortgageandachild,youoftenfeelyouhaveverylittlechoiceaboutjumpingshipifthingsaren'tturningoutasyou'dplanned.Asteadypaycheckcanbethebiggestmanacleofall.Peopleresenthavingtodosomethingbecausetheyhavenootherchoice.Ifyoufindyourselfresentingyourjobbecauseyoucan'taffordtoquit,itmaybetimetopreparewhatonecareercounselorhumorouslycallsa"cyanidecapsule".Herecallsspymoviesinwhichthesecretagenthassuchacapsulehiddensomewhereonhisbody.Ifhe'scapturedandtorturedunbearably,hehasanoption.Andhavinganoptiongiveshimthestrengthtoholdonalittlelongerinthehopethatthesituationmaychange.Ratherthancyanide,youroptiontakestheformofanup-to-dateresume.Youmightalsotakeaweeklyglancethroughthehelp-wantedsection,andmakesomevisitstoindustryfunctionswherelow-keynetworkingcantakeplace.You'renotgivingupyourcurrentjob.Rather,youareprovidingyourselfwithanoption.Ifthingsgetunbearableatwork,youcouldjumpship.Beinginthispositioncandowondersforyourattitude.Itallowsyoutoenjoyyourworksince,inreality,youarethereonlybecauseyouwanttobe.Atthecoreofadoptingapositiveattitudetoyourworkplaceis,aboveall,assumingresponsibilityforyourownsituation.Mostpeoplefeelcontrolledbytheirenvironment,buttheyreallyaren't.Theyhavetolearntomanagethatenvironmentsotheycangetfromitwhattheyneed.21、Whatdowemostlikelywantduringalongvacation,accordingtotheauthor?A、Toextendthevacationaslongaspossible.B、Togainabalancebetweenworkandplay.C、Togobacktoworkassoonaspossible.D、Torelaxcompletely,freefromworry.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第2段最后三句表明作者認(rèn)為工作和玩樂應(yīng)該并行，不能光工作，也不能光玩樂，由此可見，選項(xiàng)B為本題答案。其他選項(xiàng)與作者觀點(diǎn)相反，因此都不正確。22、Itisindicatedinthepassagethatmostpeopledisliketheirjobsbecause________.A、goingtoworkiswastingtheirtimeB、theycan’tfeelfulfilledintheirjobsC、theyareconfinedtothejobstightlyD、payseldomcorrespondswithwork標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：原文在首段和第3段分別提到人們不喜歡他們的工作的兩個(gè)原因，其中第3段提到的第2個(gè)原因是moreprevalentreason，正是題干所問。由此可見，正確選項(xiàng)應(yīng)與第2個(gè)原因同義，選項(xiàng)C是它的近義替換，為本題答案。選項(xiàng)A是第1個(gè)原因，但不符合題干的要求；選項(xiàng)B和D在原文中均未提及。23、Whenoneconsiderschangingjob,thebiggestdifficultyis________.A、leavingacompanyandagoodbossB、reducingthefamilyburdenC、givingupastableincomeD、drawingupabetterplanforthefuture標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第3段倒數(shù)第2句表明最大的阻礙是steadypaycheck，即放棄穩(wěn)定的收人，而由上一句的jumpingship可知此處說的是有關(guān)換工作的阻礙因素，正符題干要求，因此本題答案為選項(xiàng)C。其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)均未提及，與“最大的”困難無關(guān)。24、Theauthorsuggeststhat,byhavinga"cyanidecapsule"atwork,onewill________.A、findasatisfactoryjobsoonB、beasbraveastheheroinspymoviesC、bemoretolerantwiththepresentjobD、havethecouragetogiveuptheunbearablejob標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：作者在第4段首句首先提到“cyanidecapsule”，然后在第2、3句對(duì)此做出了解釋，第4句對(duì)cyanidecapsule的作用做了總結(jié)，選項(xiàng)C是對(duì)第4句中的holdonalittlelonger的近義改寫，因此為本題答案。25、Youwillchangeyourattitudetowardsyourjobwhen________.A、youareprovidedwiththechancetochooseB、youareresponsibleforyourpresentjobC、yougetreadyyourup-to-dateresumeD、yougetwhatyouneedfromyourjob標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第5段倒數(shù)第2句表明beinginthisposition就能改變一個(gè)人的態(tài)度，而thisposition指的是上文提到的“為自己提供一種選擇”，這樣，在無法忍受的時(shí)候還可以有另一個(gè)選擇，由此可見，選項(xiàng)A為本題答案。大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)改革適用（閱讀）模擬試卷第2套一、詞匯理解(本題共10題，每題1.0分，共10分。)Onelunchtime,MayWardwasdoinghershoppinginalocalsupermarket,whenshesuddenlyslippedandfell.Shewasbadlyshakenandbruisedbut【C1】______nothingseriousresulted.Itturnedoutthatshehasslippedonsomeice-creamwhichhadbeenspilledonthefloor.Twoweekslatershewrotetothefirmtoclaimcompensation.Sheassertedthattheyhadbeennegligentand【C2】______innotkeepingthefloorclean.Thefirmdenieditand【C3】______thattheyhadapropersystemand【C4】______forkeepingthefloorclean.SinceMrs.Wardfeltthatshewas【C5】______tocompensation,shesuedthefirmintheLawCourts.Herethefirmclaimedthatitdidnotfollow,justbecausesomeonehasslippedonthefloor,thattheymusthavebeennegligentcarryingouttheirduties.Theysaidthatunlessthecustomercouldprovehowtheice-creamcametobeonthefloor,andhowlongithadbeenlefttherebeforetheaccidenthappened,shehadnotmadeoutaproper【C6】______againstthem.Butthejudgetookadifferentview.Hesaidthattheaccidentwouldnothavehappenedatallifthefirmhadtaken【C7】______care.Itwasuptothefirm,hesaid,toprovide【C8】______,thattheaccidentdidnot【C9】______fromanynegligenceontheirpart.Theywould【C10】______beinabetterpositionthanthecustomertoestablishhowlongtheice-creamhadbeenspiltandexplainthecircumstancestotheCourts.ThefinalresultwasthatMrs.Wardreceived￡137aspaymentfordamages.A)reasonableB)obviouslyC)evidenceD)caseE)innocentF)inconvenienceG)deriveH)maintainedI)entitledJ)ariseK)carelessL)unexpectedlyM)determineN)fortunatelyO)instructions1、【C1】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：N知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處需要一個(gè)副詞，評(píng)說傷勢(shì)不重。詞庫(kù)中fortunately“所幸的是”符合句意。2、【C2】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：K知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：填入此處的詞與negligent為并列關(guān)系，應(yīng)為形容詞或分詞。梅·沃德認(rèn)為超市公司有疏忽之處，沒有保持地面干凈?？梢?，careless符合語(yǔ)義要求。3、【C3】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：H知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)空格前的denied(否認(rèn))，可知此處需填入動(dòng)詞過去式。后面的“有一套合理的體系”說明這是公司在自我辯護(hù)，由此確定答案為maintained“堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為”。4、【C4】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：O知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處應(yīng)為名詞，與前面的apropersystem并列，是公司為自己辯護(hù)的理由。結(jié)合后面的“保持地面整潔”選擇詞庫(kù)中的instructions，表示“保持地面整潔的指示”。5、【C5】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：I知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處應(yīng)填入形容詞或分詞，且能與介詞to搭配。沃德太太把公司告上了法庭是因?yàn)樗X得有理由得到賠償，填入的詞應(yīng)表“有權(quán)利”、“有理由”之類的意思，entitled符合條件，beentitledtosth．意為“有……的權(quán)利”。6、【C6】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：不定冠詞a提示此處需填入名詞單數(shù)形式，而且能與makeout形成搭配。超市公司認(rèn)為：只有證明冰激凌如何丟在地上、落在地上多久后才發(fā)生事故，沃德太太才有理由起訴。case符合語(yǔ)意，makeoutacase意為“找到充分的理由”。7、【C7】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處應(yīng)填入修飾care的定語(yǔ)，可為形容詞、名詞或分詞。法官認(rèn)為公司如果處理得當(dāng)，這類事件就不會(huì)發(fā)生。詞庫(kù)中reasonable符合句意。8、【C8】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處應(yīng)填名詞作provide的賓語(yǔ)。句中he指上文提到的thejudge，法官一般需要當(dāng)事人提供“證據(jù)”，故用evidence。9、【C9】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：J知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：didnot提示此處應(yīng)填入動(dòng)詞原形，且該詞能與后面的from搭配。這里法官指出超市公司需提供證據(jù)證明事故不是由他們?cè)斐傻模刺峒傲嗽斐墒鹿实脑?，arisefrom“由……引起”強(qiáng)調(diào)起因，符合語(yǔ)境。derive雖能與from搭配，但derivefrom“從……起源”強(qiáng)調(diào)起源，不符合句意。10、【C10】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：空格位于would和be之間，應(yīng)為副詞。上文提到，法官認(rèn)為得由公司提供證據(jù)，再結(jié)合本句后面的betterposition，可知公司提供證據(jù)肯定比消費(fèi)者要容易，obviously符合句意。二、長(zhǎng)篇閱讀(本題共10題，每題1.0分，共10分。)HowtoLovetheWorldAsItIs?[A]Itstruckmerecentlythatalotofpeoplethinktheyknowwhat'swrongwiththisworld,anditalsostruckmethatthey'reallwrong.Seriously—almosteverypoliticalandreligiousgroup,everyopinionatedperson,everypublicationwithanopinion,hassaidatonetimeoranotherwhattheythinkiswrongwiththisworld.Sowhat'sreallywrongwiththeworld,inmyopinion?Notathing.[B]Itseemstobeaprevailingworld-viewthattheworldismessedup,thattherearejustafewthingswrongwithit,andifwecouldonlygetthosethingstochange,theworldwouldbegreat.Ifwecouldjusteducatepeopleandgetthemtorealizewhat'swrongwiththisworld,thingscouldchange.[C]Thistypeofviewoftheworldstemsfromanidealthatmanypeoplehaveintheirheadsofwhattheworldshouldbelike.Theymightnotrealizetheyhavethatideal,butit'sthere.AndtheworldwillneverreachthisPlatonicideal,becauseit'sjustthisimageofperfectionthatdoesnotmatchreality.Realityandthisidealareincompatible.[D]Sowhat'swrongwiththatview?Nothing'swrongwithit,actually.That'showmostpeopleare,andIdon'tthinkIcanchangethat,norwouldIwantto.Ithoughtitwouldbeaninterestingdiscussion,though,becauseIthinkthisdiscrepancybetweenwhatpeoplethinktheworldshouldbeandwhattheworldreallyiscancauseunhappiness.Ifyouwanttheworldtobecompletelyvegetarianandkindtoanimals,anditisn'tandwon'tbeintheforeseeablefuture,youwillmostlikelybeunhappy.Ifyouwanttheworldtogobacktohowitwasduringyourchildhood,orduringyourparents'generation,anditisn'tlikelytodoso,you'renotgoingtobehappy.Thesameistrueofanyofourideals.It'sverypossiblethattherealityofthepeopleinyourlifedon'tmeettheseideals.Thatmightcauseyoutobeunhappywiththem.Whenrealitydoesn'tmeetideals—anditrarelydoes—webecomeunhappy.[E]Sowhat'sthealternative?I'mnotproposingthatyou,oranyoneelse,changeyourworld-view.Ifyou,oranyoneelse,arehappywiththatworld-view,don'tchangeit.Butthereisanalternative,andI'mnotsayingit'sbetter.It'stheworld-viewItrytohave:insteadofhavinganideal,stoplookingforperfection.Accepttheworldasitis,andloveitforwhatitis.Acceptpeopleastheyare,andlovethem.[F]Whatwouldbetheresultofthisalternativeworld-view?Well,Ithinkyou'dbehappier,ifonlybecauseyoudidn'tseetheworldasafundamentallyflawedorevilplace,andbegantoseethegoodintheworld.This,however,isopentoindividualinterpretation,andyourownexperienceislikelytobedifferentthanmine.[G]Doesthismeanthatweshouldgiveupontryingtomakepositivechangesintheworld?Shouldwestoptryingtomaketheworldabetterplace?No!Don'teverstoptryingtodogoodthings!Eveniftheworldisalready,agoodplace,wecanalwaysfindhappinessandsatisfactionintryingtodogood,intryingtomakepeople'slivesbetter.[H]Butwhataboutalltheevilandsufferingintheworld?Shouldweacceptandlovethataswell?That'sthetoughestpart,Ithink.It'shardtoacceptthatpeoplearedyingofdiseasesandfamineandwarandmurderandabuse,andperhapsimpossibletolovethataspectoftheworld.Youdon'thavetoloveit,butithelpstotrytoreallyunderstandit.Whydoesthishappen?Whatarethedeeperreasons?Attheheartofthedeepestreasonsishumanity—weareallflawedcreaturesinsomeway,andthat'swhatmakesushumanandbeautiful.[I]Whywouldsomeonecommitviolence,forexample?Becausetheyareevil?Therearenumerousreasons,butattheheartofitisprobablythatthispersonwashurt,abandoned,abused,orneglectedinsomeway,atsomepointinhislife.Thatpersonneedsourcompassionmorethananyone.Andifwetrytounderstandthisperson,orunderstandtheheartofanyviolenceintheworld,thenwecanbetterapplytheloveandcompassionthat'sneededtohealthispainandmaketheworldabetterplace.[J]Solet'ssaythatyou'dliketotrythisworld-view.You'dliketolovepeople,andtheentireworld,asitis,andnotasyou'dlikeittobe.Howdoyougoaboutdoingthat?TherearesixthingsIrecommenddoing.[K](1)Stoplookingforperfectionandideals.Realizethatyouhaveanidealinyourhead,andthatitisprobablyincompatiblewiththeworld.Itmightbeanidealaboutaperson,orabouthowthingsshouldbe.Theworldandpeoplearenotperfect.Stoplookingforperfection,andrealizethatitisalreadyhere.[L](2)Observe.Insteadoflookingatthisidealpictureinyourhead,lookatwhat'sreallythere.Whatistheworldreallylike?Whatarepeoplereallylike?Theonlywaytoknowthisistoobserve.Listentopeople.Lookattheworldaroundyou.Gatherdata,fromreality.[M](3)Understand.Nowthatyouhavethisdata,startaskingquestions.Whyarepeoplethewaytheyare?Whydidsomeonedowhattheydid?Whydoesthisproblemreallyexist?Don'tstopatthefirstanswersyoucomeupwith—digdeeper,anddeeper,untilyoureallyunderstandsomething.Seektounderstandbeforeyoujudge,inallsituations.Sometimesthatwillrequireimagination—youwon'tbeabletoreallyknowtherootofsomethingunlessyoupersonallyinvestigateeverything,butinsteadsometimesyoucantrytoimaginewhatmadeapersonthewaytheyare,orasituationwhatitis.[N](4)Accept.Onceyou'veobservedandbeguntounderstand,acceptthatthisisthewaytheworldis.Thisiswhothepersonis.Theworldisn'tgoingtomeetanyideal—itiswhatitis,andwhileitwillalwayschange,itprobablywon'tchangetomeetyourideal.Thepersoninquestionisexactlythesame—theywon'tmeetyourideal,butarewhotheyare.Acceptthisasfact.[O](5)LoveandCompassion.Onceyou'veacceptedthingsorpeopleastheyare,trytofinditinyourhearttolovethem,astheyare.Thewaytodothisistoseethegoodineverythingandeveryone,andifyou'vesoughttoreallylookandunderstand,youwillfindgoodineverything.[P](6)EnjoyLife.Theworldisawonderfulplaceonceyou'veaccepteditforwhatitisandsoughttoloveit.Peoplearewonderfulcreatures,fulloflifeandcreativityandmessinessanduniqueness.Acceptthis,understandit,loveit.Andenjoythisgiftwe'vebeengiven,foritisincredible.Andperfect,justasitis.11、Theprevailingbeliefisthattheworldisinamessandachangeofthesituationwouldmaketheworldbecomebetter.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)prevailingbelief和mess定位到B段。首句指出，當(dāng)前流行的一種世界觀是這個(gè)世界很混亂，存在一些問題，但只要我們解決了這些問題，這個(gè)世界會(huì)變得非常美好。本題句子是對(duì)原文的同義轉(zhuǎn)述。12、Therehavebeenwars,murdersandabusesduetoourhumanity.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：H知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)wars，murders，abuses和humanity定位到H段。該段說，要人們接受因疾病、饑荒、戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、謀殺和虐待