山東省泰安市肥城第一高級中學2020年高一英語測試題含解析

山東省泰安市肥城第一高級中學2020年高一英語測試題含解析一、選擇題1.---I'msurprisedtohearthatSueandPaulhave________.---SoamI.TheyseemedveryhappytogetherwhenIlastsawthem.A.dividedup

B.broken

down

C.broken

up

D.takenup參考答案：C2.Don’t______meinyourquarrel.Ihavenothingtodowithit.A.involve

B.touch

C.contain

D.introduce參考答案：A3.They

walked

together

as

far

as

the

second

crossing________they

parted.A.when

B.

which

C.

why

D.

where參考答案：D4.Tobehonest,thisrestaurantisn’t_________thatonewewenttotheotherday.

A.halfasgoodas

B.ashalfgoodas

C.asgoodashalf

D.goodashalfas參考答案：A略5.-----Bobfailedintheexamagain.-----He_____it;heneverworkedhard.A.deserved B.knew

C.considered

D.missed參考答案：A6.Lindawenttoapartywithagirl,_____favoritehobbyiscollectingstamps.A.who B.whom C.whose D.which參考答案：C7.Thetimehehasdevotedinthepastyears_______thehomelessisnowconsidered_________ofgreatvalue.A.tohelp;being

B.tohelping;tobe C.tohelp;tobeD.helping;being參考答案：B【考點】考察固定搭配本題中考察了兩個固定搭配：devotesometimetosth/doingsth致力于某事，花費時間做某事；considersbtobe/as/…認為…是…；其中的tobe可以省略。本句第一空是一個定語從句，修飾先行詞thetime，其中的to是介詞，后面要接動名詞形式。第二空是一個被動語態(tài)的形式beconsideredtobe/as….被認為是…；句意：在過去的幾年里他花在幫助那些無家可歸的人身上的時間被認為是非常有價值的。根據(jù)句意說明B正確。8.—IthinkLucywouldliketocometothepartywithmenextweek.—She

.SheisgoingtovisitherparentsinCanada.A.can’t

B.mustn’t

C.needn’t D.shouldn’t參考答案：A9.---Howaboutthenumberofstudents______thelecture?

---__________.A.absentfrom,Many

B.absentat,Little

C.presentfrom,Most

D.presentat,Small參考答案：D10.Ifyouwanttocatchthefirstbus,you’dbetter________forthebusstationimmediately.A.setup

B.setabout

C.setdown

D.setoff參考答案：D略11.It’simportanttogiveheranemergencyphonenumber______thechildrengethurtorsick.A.incase

B.unless

C.eventhough

D.aslongas參考答案：A12.Shedreamed____anonlinebookshopandnowherdreamisfinallyrealized.A.opening

B.toopen

C.ofopening

D.toopening參考答案：C試題分析：考查固定搭配。dreamofdoingsth.夢想著做某事。故選C。13.Hewasaskedtowaitandthenshownintoaroom______apoliceofficerpreparedtotakeastatementfromhim. A.which B.that C.where D.intowhich參考答案：C14.—Whatisyourplanfortheholiday,Paul?

—I’llgoonatriptoJiangxiProvincewithmyfamily.

—______!

A.Haveanicetime

B.Comebacksoon

C.Congratulations

D.Goodluck參考答案：

15.It’stoobadthatmycomputerhasgotanewvirus.IfonlyI_____thatprogramme!

A.didn’trun B.hadn’trun C.haven’trun D.wouldn’trun參考答案：B16.Ireallydon’tunderstand_____herlikethat.

A.youtreat

B.youtotreat

C.whytreat

D.youtreating參考答案：D略17.—ItseemsthatJohniswellpreparedfortheexamination.—Heisquite________thathewillpassit.A．humorous

B．popularC．painful

D．confident參考答案：D略18.---Ourteacherisinhospital.--Oh,really?I______.

______visither.A.didn’t

know,

I’llgoand

B.don’tknow,I’llgoand

C.didn’t

know,

I’mgoingto

D.haven’tknow,I’mgoingto參考答案：A二、短文改錯19.假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改同桌的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2.

只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。Thoughgreatprogresshasmadeinsciencetheseyears,therearestillmanypeoplelivinginpoorconditions.Theymaketheirlivesbycollectingandsellingusedthing.Theirchildrencannotgotoschoolbecausetheyhavenotenoughmoneytosendtheirchildrentothere.Whyyouthinksomanypeoplestillsufferfrompovertynow?Theanswerliesonthepopulationexplosion.Apresidentofadevelopingcountryoncesaid;"Itisuswhoaretoblameforthepovertybecauseweusedto'produce'childwithoutlimit."Althoughthisfewwordssoundsimpleenough,theyhaveclearpointedoutoneofthecausesofthepopulationexplosion.參考答案：1.hasmade----has

beenmade

2.lives---living

3.thing---things

4.去第二個to

5.you前加do

6.on--in

7.us--we8.child---children

9.this---these

10.clear---clearly【名師點睛】在完成一、查時態(tài)是否一致

時態(tài)錯誤幾乎是每年NMET短文改錯中必設(shè)的改錯題。要有目的地去檢查文中的每一

個謂語動詞的時態(tài)與上下文、語境以及該句的時間狀語是否相符和一致。

例如：Today,

it

is

much

easier

to

be

healthy

than

it

is

in

the

past.（NMET'

93）is應(yīng)改為was，

使之與時間狀語n

the

past一致。

二、查主謂是否一致

在檢查謂語動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)是否正確的同時，

還要注意檢查該動詞在人稱和數(shù)上是否

與主語保持了一致。例如：

1.Anyone

may

borrow

books,

and

it

cost

nothing

to

borrow

them.（NMET'

94）

cost應(yīng)改為costs，因其主語是it（為形式主語），且上下文均為一般現(xiàn)在時。

2.The

new

boy

or

girl

in

school

quickly

become

one

of

the

class?（NMET'93）由or

連接的兩個以上的主語應(yīng)由靠近謂語的主語來決定謂語的單復數(shù)形式，故become應(yīng)改為becomes。

主謂語一致的情況較為復雜，考生平時學習要留心歸納。有些特殊句式的主謂一致問題

很容易被忽視，如倒裝句、關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中做主語的情況等，答題時要高度重視。

三、查指代是否一致

對于短文中出現(xiàn)的每一個代詞都要查一下它所指代的內(nèi)容以及在句中的作用，注意其

數(shù)、格、詞性是否正確和前后一致，包括人稱代詞、指標代詞、反身代詞、關(guān)系代詞以及疑

問代詞等。指代錯誤也是高考改錯題中常設(shè)的改錯題。例如：

1.We

climb

everywhere,

not

only

in

America.

They

have

been

to

Europe?

（NMET'92）根據(jù)上下文，句中的They屬指代不一致，應(yīng)改為We。

2.The

game

speaks

for

themselves.（MET'90）句中的反身代詞themselves

應(yīng)改為單數(shù)itself，因為指代的是單數(shù)主語the

game。

四、查平行結(jié)構(gòu)是否平行一致

由and，or，but，either?or?，neither?nor?，not

only

?but

also?，as

well

as等并列連詞和詞組連接的結(jié)構(gòu)可稱為平行結(jié)構(gòu)。平行結(jié)構(gòu)在詞性、時態(tài)、非謂語動詞的形式上往往要求前后一致。答題時要留心平行結(jié)構(gòu)前后是否對等平行，這也是常設(shè)的錯誤。例如：Modern

people

know?，have

better

food，

and

to

live

in

cleaner

surroundings.（NMET'93）應(yīng)將to

live前的to刪掉，因為and連接的是know，have

.live

三個并列平行的謂語動詞，其時態(tài)和形式必須一致。

五、查名詞的單復數(shù)與修飾詞語或上下文是否一致

名詞數(shù)的錯誤也是高考常設(shè)的改錯題。要查一下名詞是否可數(shù)，與其修飾語是否一致。

例如：

1.?They

have

been

to

Europe

many

time.（NMET'92）time（次）顯然與修飾語many不一致，應(yīng)改為times。

2.（They）?

asked

me

lots

of

question.（NMET'96）question是可數(shù)名詞，其修飾詞是

lots

of，當然應(yīng)該用復數(shù)questions。

六、查行文邏輯是否一致

查這方面的錯誤應(yīng)從文章整體內(nèi)容出發(fā)，通篇考慮，

以行為單位是難以發(fā)現(xiàn)這種錯誤的。

邏輯不一致主要是由肯定與否定、關(guān)聯(lián)詞語以及動詞（如come與go，take與bring）的誤用所造成的，應(yīng)多從這方面去查找。20.文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處，每處錯誤只涉及一個單詞的增加，刪除或修改。注意：1.每處錯誤及修改均僅限一詞，每句中最多有兩處錯誤；2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11出）不計分。 LastSundayMr.Whiteandhiswifewenttoseeafilm.Theyarrivedhomeverylately.Mr.Whiteunlockedthefrontdoorandtheyallwentintothehouse.ItwasverydarksoMrs.Whiteturnedonthelight.OnthewayupstairsMrs.Whitespokeinalowvoice,“Listen!Icanhearsomeonetalkinthelivingroom.”Theyallwentdownstairsagainandstoodquietoutsidethelivingroomdoor.“Youareright,”Mr.Whitesaid.“Therearetwomanthere.Theyaretalking.”Thenhecalloutloudly,“Whoisthere?”Andnooneanswered.Mr.Whiteopenedthedoorquicklyandturnedonthelight.Theroomwasempty.Whentheysawradio,theylaughed.Theradiowasstillon!Itshouldhaveturnedoffthismorningwhenweleft.參考答案：LastSundayMr.Whiteandhiswifewenttoseeafilm.Theyarrivedhomeverylately.Mr.White

lateunlockedthefrontdoorandtheyallwentintothehouse.ItwasverydarksoMrs.Whiteturned

bothonthelight.OnthewayupstairsMrs.Whitespokeinalowvoice,“Listen!Icanhearsomeonetalkinthelivingroom.”Theyallwentdownstairsagainandstoodquietoutsidethelivingroomtalking

quietly

door.“Youareright,”Mr.Whitesaid.“Therearetwomanthere.Theyaretalking.”Thenhecall

men

called outloudly,“Whoisthere?”Andnooneanswered.Mr.Whiteopenedthedoorquicklyandturned

Butonthelight.Theroomwasempty.Whentheysaw∧radio,theylaughed.Theradiowasstillon!

theItshouldhave∧turnedoffthismorningwhenweleft.been

they【學法指導】在短文改錯中常出現(xiàn)的錯誤主要有以下幾類：1.名詞單復數(shù)用錯，可數(shù)與不可數(shù)名詞的混用。如第5個錯誤中的man。2.動詞：時態(tài)和語態(tài)，常出現(xiàn)在總體時態(tài)為過去或現(xiàn)在時，中間雜有不適的另一時態(tài)的現(xiàn)象；或是及物動詞后無賓語，或是不及物動詞后加了賓語；需要接ing形式的接了to，或相反等。3.形容詞副詞：常出現(xiàn)需形容詞的地方用了副詞或相反；關(guān)系副詞where，when，why等的缺失或錯用。4.介詞：主要是介詞的多余或缺失，錯用。5.主謂一致性：第三人稱單數(shù)漏掉s，或主語為復數(shù)，謂語動詞用了單數(shù)；再就是就近原則對主語的影響。6.冠詞：定冠詞the的多余或缺失，如季節(jié)，月份，星期，球類及三餐活動，稱呼頭銜前等不能加the的地方加了the。如第8個錯誤缺少the。7.數(shù)詞：主要是序數(shù)詞與基數(shù)詞的混用和錯用。8.連詞：不合句中的邏輯關(guān)系。如需轉(zhuǎn)折連詞（如but）的時候用了承接連詞（so），或相反等等。如第7個錯誤and，but誤用。9.代詞：主要是代詞的格與數(shù)的錯用。如男性用了女性代詞，單數(shù)用了復數(shù)代詞或相反；應(yīng)當用形容詞性的物主代詞用了賓格，主格或相反，關(guān)系代詞的錯用或缺失。10.常用固定短語或固定用法及句型用錯。三、閱讀理解21.DifferencesinsideourbodiesDidyouknowthatpeoplewholiveindifferentpartsofChinahavedifferenthabitsandpreferences?Forexample,peoplefromsouthernChinaprefertoeatvegetables,whilepeoplefromnorthChinaliketoeatmeat.Butwhatcausesthesedifferences?AccordingtoanewstudypublishedinthejournalCellinOctober,genevariationsmightberesponsibleforthesedifferences,Xinhuareported.Inthestudy,researchersfromChinesegenome-sequencing(基因組測序)firmBGIcollectedgeneticinformationfrom141,431Chinesewomen.Thewomencamefrom31provincesandcomprised36ethnicminoritygroups.TheresearchersfoundthattherearesixgenefrequenciesthataredifferentamongpeoplefrombothnorthernandsouthernChina.TheyfoundthatnaturalselectionhasplayedanimportantroleinthewaysthatpeoplelivingindifferentregionsofChinahaveevolved,affectingtheirfoodpreferences,immunitiestoillnessandphysicaltraits,theNewYorkTimesreported.TheresearchersreportedthatavariationofthegeneFADS2ismorecommonlyfoundinnorthernpeoplethanitisinsouthernpeople.Ithelpspeoplemetabolize(新陳代謝)fattyacids(脂肪酸),whichsuggestsadietthatisrichinmeat.AccordingtoXinhua,thisisduetoclimatedifferences.NorthernChinaisatahigherlatitude,whichmeansit’scoldanddrythroughoutthewholeyear.Thisweatherisdifficulttogrowvegetablesin.Therefore,northernerstendtoeatmoremeat.Thestudyalsofounddifferencesintheimmunesystemsofbothgroups.MostpeopleinsouthernChinacarrythegeneCR1,whichprotectsagainstmalaria.ThisisbecausemalariawasoncequitecommoninsouthernChina.Inordertosurvive,thegenesofpeopleinthesouthevolvedtofightagainstthisdisease.However,peopleinthesoutharealsomorevulnerabletocertainblood-borneillnesses,astheylackthegenestostopthem.Genescanalsocausephysicaldifferencesbetweennorthernersandsoutherners.MostnorthernershavetheABCC11gene,whichcausesdryearwax(耳屎),lessbodyodorandfewersweatsecretions(分泌),TheNewYorkTimesreported.Thesephysicaldifferencesarealsomorebeneficialtolivingincoldenvironments.Southernersarelesslikelytohavethisgene,asitdidnotevolveintheirpopulation.33.What’sthispassagemainlyabout?A.AstudyofthegenesofChineseminoritygroups.B.HabitsofpeoplefromdifferentregionsofChina.C.DifferencesinthegenesofpeoplefromdifferentpartsofChina.D.Physicaldifferencesbetweennorthernersandsoutherners.34.AvariationofthegeneFADS2canhelpourbody________.A.storefat B.digestmeatC.fightdisease D.controlsweat35.Theunderlinedword“comprised”isclosestinmeaningto________.A.consistedof B.comparedtoC.completed D.startedwith36.Accordingtothepassage,mostnorthernersinChina________.a.tendtohavelessdiseaselikemalariab.havelessbodyodorc.catchblood-borneillnesseseasilyd.sweatlessfrequentlyA.ab B.bcC.bd D.cd參考答案：33.C

34.B

35.A

36.C這是一篇說明文。中國的南北方人在生活方式、飲食習慣等方面都有著明顯的差異，而最近科學家們發(fā)現(xiàn)，這些差異或許與南北方人不同的基因有關(guān)?！?3題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段AccordingtoanewstudypublishedinthejournalCellinOctober,genevariationsmightberesponsibleforthesedifferences,Xinhuareported.可知，基因變異或許是導致這些差異的原因，故選C項。【34題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。第六段第二句Ithelpspeoplemetabolize(新陳代謝)fattyacids(脂肪酸),whichsuggestsadietthatisrichinmeat.可知，F(xiàn)ADS2基因能幫助人們代謝脂肪酸，也就是幫助消化肉類。故選B。【35題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第四段第二句Thewomencamefrom31provincesandcomprised36ethnicminoritygroups.可知，這些婦女來自31個省，由36個少數(shù)民族組成，因此猜測comprised意“由……組成，包含”，故A選項貼近?！?6題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容可知，大多數(shù)北方人擁有ABCC11基因，結(jié)果表現(xiàn)為干性耳垢、體味較小、汗水分泌較少。而南方人不太可能有這種基因，故b、d內(nèi)容正確。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段內(nèi)容MostpeopleinsouthernChinacarrythegeneCR1,whichprotectsagainstmalaria.和However,peopleinthesoutharealsomorevulnerabletocertainblood-borneillnesses可知，在中國南方的大多數(shù)人攜帶CR1基因，這種基因可以預防瘧疾。南方人也更容易感染某些血源性疾病，故a和c錯誤。故選C正確。22.It’sobviouslytruethatnotallpeopleliketowork,buteveryonelikestoplay.Allovertheworld,menandwomen,youngandold,enjoyrecreationalactivities.So,beyonddoubt,entertainmentplaysanimportantroleinourdailylives.Inmodernsociety,thereisabroadrangeofrecreationalactivities—fromonlinecomputergamestolovelypicnics—thatmeettheneedsofdifferentgroupsofpeople.Therefore,itwon’tbedifficultforyoutofindsomerecreationtorefreshyourbodyandmind.Recreationalactivitieshaveanumberofbenefits,especiallyinthishighlycompetitivesociety.Theycanhelpusrelax,havefunandrelievestress.Infact,Ibelievethereisnobetterwaytogetexerciseandrelievestressthantotakeanactivepartinrecreationalactivities.Butcanrecreationalactivitiesdousharm?Ofcoursetheycan.Let’stakeTVasanexample.ThereisnodenyingthatTVoffersaccesstothelatestnewsandtousefulknowledge,whileprovidinguswithentertainment.However,ifwespendtoomuchtimewatchingTV,itwillnumbourmindanddestroyourcreativity,whichisexactlytheoppositeofwhatwereallywant.What’smore,TVcanalsoshowsomepornographicprograms,whicharelyunsuitableforusyoungstudents.So