專題9.首字母填空知識梳理與精練

Energyandpersistenceconquerallthings.能量和堅持可以征服一切事情。首字母填詞根據(jù)首字母填空是考查詞匯綜合運(yùn)用能力的一種較難的題型。它的特點(diǎn)是將一篇文章中若干個詞“掏空”,留下該詞的首字母,它既作為提示又作為限制,讓我們根據(jù)短文的意思把單詞拼寫完整?？忌柰ㄗx全文,在字里行間捕捉信息,先易后難,既要理清邏輯,又要綜合考慮。根據(jù)首字母填空考查范圍極廣,可以是英語知識的方方面面,還可能涉及其他學(xué)科,它要求考生在充分理解短文的基礎(chǔ)上將單詞拼寫出來,并且單詞形式合理,符合語法規(guī)范,符合短文需要。根據(jù)首字母填空的解題技巧如下:看第一句動詞的時態(tài),確定本文的基本時態(tài);通讀全文;做題:看前后文確定詞性,注意名詞單復(fù)數(shù)、動詞時態(tài)以及單詞拼寫;(4)檢查所填單詞是否符合文意。一Readingbookshelpsyouopendifferentwindowstomanywonderfulworlds.Buttodayf1Chinesepeopleliketoread.In2012,aChineser2about4.39booksayear.Thingsaredifferentinmanyo3countries.ASouthKoreanreads11booksayear,aJapanesereads17. Whatdopeopleusuallyread?InChina,manypeoplereadbookswhichareabouthowtobes4andrichintheirbusiness.IntheUS,teachersgivestudentsareadinglisteveryacoupleofweeks.Thesebookshelpi5theirknowledgeabouttheworldandc6indifferentcountries. H7canweformgoodreadinghabits?Readinshortwhiles.Ifyoucan’tstayfocusedforalongtime,thiscanbehelpful.Spendsometimereadingbeforeg8tobed.Thiswillhelpyousleepwell.Makeyouro9readinglist.YourlistcanbethebestsellingbooksonfamouswebsiteslikeNewYorktimesandsoon.S10yourreadingideaswithyourfriendsafterreading.Itmayhelpyoulearnmoreaboutthebooks.二Ithappenstomostofusattimesaswetrytogetthroughourworkday.Whensittingatwork,wesuddenlyf1abitheadache.Butdon’tworry;therearesomesimplethingsthatyoucandotoease(減輕)aheadacheatworkw2medicine.Drinkabottleofwarmwater.Manypeopledonotr3thatthedryairintheirworkingplacecanbeadangerbecauseofthelack(缺少)ofwater.Eatah4meal.Duringabusyday,itiseasytof5toeat,haveamealwithmuchprotein(蛋白質(zhì))whichwillgiveyoue6andquicklygetridofthehungerthatiscausingtheheadache.Acupofcoffeeorapieceofchocolatecanbejustthethingthatyoun7toeaseyourheadachefastandgetbackonyourwaytoagreatdayatwork.Stepawayfromwhatyouareworkingonforfivetotenm8.Often,yourheadacheisfromyourtoomuchattentionpaidtoonething.Thiscanbeaputerscreenorevenoneproject.Theb9thingwouldbetogooutsideforyoureyestogetsomenaturallightandf10air.三Sorry”isawordthatpeopleinBritainoftensayintheirdailylife.OnedaywhileIwasw1onthestreet,ayoungmanranbyhurriedly,brushing(輕擦)againstmyhandbag.Hecontinuedhisway,butturnedb2andsaid“sorry”tome.Eveninarush,hedidn’tf3tosay“sorry”.Oneday,afterIboughtsomebananas,theshopkeeperwaspassingmethechange(零錢),butIwasn’treadyforitandacoindroppedontotheground.“Sorry,Madam,”hesaidw4bendingtopickitup.Iwass5whyhesaid“sorry”tome.Anothertime,Isteppedonaman’sf6attheentrance(入口)toacinema.Atthesametime,web7said“sorry”.Slowly,Igottoknowthatwhensomethingunpleasanthappensindailylife,theBritishdon’tc8muchaboutwhoiswrong.Ifsomeoneisint9,a“sorry”isalwaysnecessary(必需的).Perhapsthatisw10IseldomseepeoplequarrelonthebusesorstreetsinBritain.四WhenIwasabout14,agirlinmyclasslikedtopointout(指出)myshortings(缺點(diǎn))andIh1that.Weekbyweek,herlistgrew:Iwasverythin;Iwasn’tagoodstudent;Italkedtoom2;Iwastooproudandsoon.Atlast,Ibecameverya3.Icriedandrantomyfather.Hel4tomequietly.Thenheasked,“Arethethingstrueorn5?Jane,youwanttoknowwhatyouarelike,don’tyou?Well,younowhavethegirl’sopinions.Goandmakealistof(列出一張...單子)everythingshesaid.Thenmark(做標(biāo)記)thet6pointswitharedpen.Paynoattentionto(不在意...)theotherthingsonthelist.”Ididashetoldme.Iwass7tofindthatabouthalfthethingsweretrue.Icouldn’tchangesomeofthem(likebeingthin).ButIcouldchangealotofthem.Forthefirsttimeinmylife,Igotaclearpictureofmyself.AndsuddenlyIwantedtochangetobeb8.Ibroughtthelistbacktomyfather.Buthedidn’tlookatit.“That’sjustforyou,”hesaid.“Youknowabouty9betterthananyoneelse.Butyouhavetolearntolisten.Whenothers’wordsaboutyouaretrue,youwillfindthemhelpfultoyou.Don’tcloseyourears.Listentothemall,buthearonlythetruth.”Myfather’sadvicecamebacktomeatmanyimportantmoments.Itisthebestpieceofa10inmylife五IndianmovieshitinChinaHollywoodmoviesseemtobeChina’sfavouritemovies.Butthatisnotalwaysthecase.RecentlyanIndianmoviehasbeeveryp1.ThemoviescalledDangal(摔跤吧！爸爸)c2outonMay5.Inlessthanfivedays,ithasmademorethan100millionyuan,accordingtoChinaDaily.Themovieisaboutafatherwhoturnshisdaughtersi3greatwrestlers(摔跤手).ItisbaseduponthestoryofformerIndianwrestlerMahavirPhogat.FamousIndianactorAamirKhan,52,playsthefather.Indianmoviesoftenincludelotsofsinginganddancing.ButDangalisd4.AsYahoosaid,thesportstoryshowsgenderstereotypes(性別歧視)andaplex(復(fù)雜的)fatherdaughterrelationship.Therearesomanymomentsthatmaym5youwanttocry.Inthemovie,whenthefathert6hisdaughterstowrestle,peopleinthevillagealllaughathim.Aboveall,f7girlsdidthissportatthattime.Butthefatherkeepsteachingthem.Heevenl8homeandgoestohisdaughters’citytotrainthem.“Itmakesmethinkofmyfather,andhisselflessloveforus,”aChineseaudiencemembertoldHindustanTimes.Thedaughters’successshowsthat“girlsareasg9asboys”.It’sthemovie’stheme,asHindustanTimessaid.Anditattracts(吸引)m10ofChinesefans.“ItislikethestoryofaChinesevillagegirlbeinganOlympicchampion,”saidTanZheng,editorofFilmArtmagazine.六根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及首字母提示完成單詞MostMongols(蒙古人)enjoyl1inyurts(蒙古包).Yurtsared2fromourhouses.Theyareakindofroundhouses.Theyarestronge3intherainorwind.Someoftheyurtsareverybig,andsomeareverys4.Thebiggestonescanhold(容納)morethansixh5people,butthesmallonesonlyholdafewpeople.Peoplefeelc6_intheyurts.It’swarminwinterandcoolins7.Mongolsusuallykeeplotsofanimals,suchassheepandhorses.Whentheanimalseatuptheg8,peoplewillmove(遷移)toanotherplacewiththeiranimalsandh9.Theycanbuild(建造)yurtsinas10time.七Asteenagers,youhavemanydreams.Thesedreamscanbeverybig,suchaswinningtheNobelPrize,ortheycanbes1.Youmayjustwanttobeeoneofthetenbeststudentsinyourclass.

Onceyoufindadream,whatdoyoudow2it?Doyouevertrytomakeyourdreamreal?FollowYourHeartbyAustralianwriterAndrewMatthewstellsusthatm3ourdreamsrealislife’sbiggestchallenge.

Youmaythinkyou’renotverygoodatsomeschoolsubjects,orthatitisimpossibleforyoutobeeawriter.Thesekindsofthoughtsp4youfromgettingyourdream,thebooksays.Inf5,everyonecanmakehisdreametrue.Thefirstthingyoumustdoistorememberwhatyourdreamis.

D6letitleaveyourheart.Keeptellingyourselfwhatyouwant.Dothisstepbystepandyourdreamwilletruefasterbecauseabigdreamis,infact,manysmallo7.Youmustalsonevergiveupyourdream.

Therewillbedifficultiesontheroadtoyourdreams.Butthebiggestdifficultyesfromyourself.Youneedtod8whatisthemostimportant.StudyinginsteadofwatchingTVwillleadtobetterexamr9,whilesavingfiveyuaninsteadofbuyinganicecreammeansyoucanbuyanewbook.Asyougetclosetoyourdream,itmaychangealittle.Thisisgoodasyouhavethec10tolearnmoreskillsandfindnewinterests.課后練習(xí)一He’sjust12yearsold,buthehasstartedhisownschooltohelpotherchildren,andevensomeadults,withtheirstudies.TheboyisLeonardo,fromArgentina.Heh1isstillstudyinginasecondaryschool.Leonardolovestostudy,buthealsowantso2kidstolovestudies.Onedayafterseeingsomechildrenspendingmuchtimeplayingonthestreet,hed3todosomethingaboutit.Lastyear,w4hisgrandmother’shelp,hesetuphisownschool.Todayhisfreeprivateschoolhasnearly40youngstudents.Heactsb5asteacherandheadmaster.Heisproudthathisi6hasalreadymadeabigdifferencetomanyofthechildren.Hisschoolisnotb7.It’sverysimpleandsmall.B8ithasbenchesforallthestudents,lockers,asmalllibrary,blackboardandevenabell.The12yearoldheadmasterdoeshisb9tohelpstudentswiththeirstudies.Thestudentslovetheschoolandmanysaytheyarestudyinghardandwellnow.Leonardo’sstoryhast10thewholecountryandhisselflessnessandlovinghearthavealreadyinspiredmillionsofpeople.二AreyougoingtohavedinneratyourWesternfriend’shome?Thenbe(1)cwithyourtablemanners.Good(2)m_____________willmakeyouaniceguest(客人).YoumayfindWesterntablemannersare(3)dfromChinesemanners.Hereissomegood(4)atokeepyoucool.Whenyouare(5)rtoeat,situpstraightonthechair.Usually,don’tputyourelbows(胳膊肘)onthetable.First(6)pyournapkin(餐巾)upandputitonyourlap.Youcanuseittocleanyourhandsormouth,butnotyourface.Whenyoufinish(7)e,putitbackonthetable.Don’tmakeanynoisewhenyoueatordrinkthesoup.It’snotgoodtospeakwhenyourmouthis(8)f.Ifyoudothat,peoplewillseethefoodinyourmouth.Ifyouwanttogetsomefoodbutyoucan’t(9)rit,askotherstopassthedishtoyou.Putbonesontheedge(邊緣)oftheplate.Andremember,takebreadwithyour(10)h,notwithafork.三ItoldmyfriendGrahamthatIoftenrodeabikefortwomilesfrommyhousetothetown,butsadly,therewasabighillontheroadandIalwayss___1___alotoftimegettingoverit.Hesaid,“Youareluckyenoughtohavesuchagoodchancetoe___2___.”IoftenfeltsadasIgottothehillb___3___.ButnowItellm___4___thefollowing:Thishillwillexercisemyheartandlegs.Itwillhelpmeloseweightandkeeph___5___.Itismyfriend.FinallyasIrodemywayupthehill,Ibegantothinkwhypeoplepaymoneytogotoagym(健身房)andsitonexercisebicyclesw___6___movingaroundwhenIcangetthesameexerciseande___7___thebeautyofthecountryforfree.IhaveabigsmileonmyfaceasIreachthet___8___ofthehill.Weshouldbelievethatthereisn___9___difficultintheworldifweputourheartintoit.Ifyoutryyourb___10___,youwillbehappyeveryday.四InChina,whenyourefusesomeone,heorshemightbedescribedas“吃閉門羹”(“eatingabowlofdoorclosingthicksoup”).Whatisthestoryb1thissaying?ItissaidthatduringtheTangDynasty(618–907),therelivedabeautifulwomanc2ShiFeng.Manyyoungmenwantedtom3her.ButShiwashardtoc4.Sheaskedheradmirers(傾慕者)toshowherpoemsthattheyhadwritten.Shedidthistoseei5theyweretalented(有天賦的).IfShilikedsomeone’spoems,shewoulda6tomeethim.Ifshedidn’t,shewouldn’tmeetthem.Butthen,tobep7,shewouldatleastgivethemabowlofgeng(羹)toeat.Gengisatypeofthicks8.Itisusuallymadewithgrain,fruitorvegetables.Astimepassed,“eatingabowlofthicksoup”cametomean“beingrefused”.Thedishwasalsonicknamed“doorclosingthicksoup”,sinceShiwouldnotopenherdoorforpeoplewhor9thedish.Butthereisatwist(意外轉(zhuǎn)折)tothisstory.“Doorclosingthicksoup”wassaidtobesotastythatmorepeoplestartedingtoShi’sdoor–nottomarryher,buttohaveat10ofthesoup!五Readingisveryimportantinourlife.Wehavealotofthingstoreadinourlife,suchasbooks,magazines,newspapersandevenadvertisements.Through(1)r___________wecangetalotofusefulinformation.People’sinterestsinreadingare(2)d____________.Somelikereading(3)n___________;somelikeessays(散文）;andothersmaylovepoetryordrama.Nomatterwhatyouread,youshouldreadextensively(廣泛地）.Ihavemy(4)r___________forit.First,wearelivinginasocietyfullofinformation.Weshouldmakeourselveswellinformed(見多識廣的）in(5)o___________toknowthesocietybetter.Readingextensivelyisagoodwayofgettinginformation.Second,weneedmanykindsofskillsinourlife.Readingextensivelycanhelpus(6)l___________thoseskillssothatwecanlivefortablyintheworld.Themoreextensivelyweread,themoreskillswecanget.Third,wehavelotsofdecisions(決定）tomakeeveryday.Sometimes,wemayfeeldifficulttodoit.Readingextensivelycanhelpusunderstandtheworldweliveinandhelpusmakeacleverdecisioninadifficult(7)s___________.Fourth,readingextensivelycanhelpusenrich(豐富）our(8)k___________sothatwecanmunicatewithothersmorefreely.Wewillalwaysfindsomethingto(9)t__________aboutwhenwearewithourfriends.Ifyouhavedecidedtoreadextensivelyfromnowon,youcanstartfromthebooksyouare(10)i_________in.Yourlifewillbeemuchmoremeaningfulthanbefore.六PeterandSimonweregoodfriends.Oneday,whentheyw1inadesert(沙漠),theyhadaquarrel(爭吵).Peterwasa2andhehitSimonintheface.Simonwashurt,buthedidn'tsaya3.Hewroteinthesand,"Todaymybestfriendhitmeintheface."Anotherday,whentheywalkedalongariver,Simonsuddenlyfellintothewater.Peterj_4intotheriverandpulledSimono5ofwater.WhenSimonwasbackonthebank(河岸),hewroteonastone,"Todaymybestfriends6mylife."PetersawthisandaskedSimon,"AfterIhurtyou,youwroteinthesandandnowyouwroteonas7.Why?"Simonanswered,"Whenothershurtme,Ishouldwriteitd8inthesand.Thewindcantakeita9andIwillforgetitverysoon.Butwhenothershelpme,Imustwriteitdownonastone.Nowindcantakeitaway.Iwillr10itforever(永遠(yuǎn))."七PuppiesforSaltAshopownerwastacking(釘住)asignabovehisdoor.Itr___1____“PuppiesforSale".Soonaliteboyappearedunderthes_____2_____."Howmuchareyougoingtos___3_____thepuppiesfor?"thelittleboyasked.“Anywherefrom$30to$50,"theshopownera_____4____.Theliteboyreachedintohispocketandpulledoutsomechange.“Ihave$2.37,"hesaid."MayIpleaselookatthem?"Theshopownersmiledandledfivesmallballsoffurdownstairs.Onepuppywasjumpingbehindtheo___5_____.Thelittleboypointedatthelimping(跛行)puppyandsaid,"What'swrongwiththatpuppy?""Oneofitslegswasbrokenanditwouldalwaysbelame,"the