建筑專業(yè)詞匯中英文對照

建筑專業(yè)詞匯《中英文對照》～～建筑專業(yè)詞匯建設，建筑,修建tobuild,toconstruct建筑學architecture修筑，建筑物building房子house摩天大樓skyscraper公寓樓blockofflats（美作：apartmentblock)紀念碑monument宮殿palace廟宇temple皇宮，教堂basilica大教堂cathedral教堂church塔，塔樓tower十層辦公大樓ten-storeyofficeblock柱column柱列colonnade拱arch市政townplanning(美作:cityplanning)營建許可證,建筑開工許可證buildingpermission綠地greenbelt建筑物的三面圖elevation設計圖plan比例尺scale預制toprefabricate挖土，掘土excavation基foundations，base，subgrade打地基tolaythefoundations砌好的磚列courseofbricks腳手架scaffold，scaffolding質量合格證書certificationoffitness原材料rawmaterial底板bottomplate墊層cushion側壁sidewall中心線centerline條形基礎stripfooting附件accessories型鋼profilesteel鋼板steelplate熔渣slag飛濺weldingspatter定位焊tacking引弧generatingofarc熄弧quenchingofarc焊道weldingbead坡口bevelededges外觀檢查visualinspection重皮double—skin水平方向弧度radianinhorizontaldirection成型molding直線度straightnessaccuracy焊縫角變形weldinglineangulardistortion水平度levelness鉛垂度verticality翹曲變形bucklingdeformation角尺anglesquare對接焊縫buttweld母材parentmetal法蘭密封面flangesealingsurface夾層interlayer表面銹蝕濃度surfacecorrosionconcentration撓曲變bendingdeformation超聲波探傷ultrasonictesting/ultrasonicexamination壓力容器pressurevessel預制下料prefabricationbaiting排版直徑set-typediameter焊縫weldingline中幅板centerplate測量方法measuringmethod基準點datummark跳焊skipwelding允許偏差allowablevariation補強板stiffeningplate開孔tapping對接接頭banjofixingbuttjointing角鋼angleiron安裝基準圓installationfundamentalcircle吊裝立柱hoistinguprightcolumn焊接鋼管weldedsteelpipe向心斜拉筋centripetalcantingpullrope帶板bandplate槽鋼脹圈channelsteelexpansionring環(huán)口collarextension局部變形localdistortion環(huán)縫circumferentialweld頂板topplate拱頂vault頂板加強肋stiffeningrib對接buttjoint胎具clampingfixture卷板機platebendingrolls中心支架centerbearingbracket橢圓度ovality等分線bisectrix搭接寬度lapwidth點焊spotwelding搭接焊overlapwelding對稱symmetrically螺旋爬梯cocklestairs放料閥baitingvalve液位計contentgauge芬蘭維薩拉VailslaOY美國美科”Met—coil，USA”集中式空調系統(tǒng)centralizedairconditioningsystem裙房annex熱源heatsource平面位置的空間spaceofplanimetricposition密封性能sealingperformance機房machineroom節(jié)點timing專業(yè)"professionordiscipline都可以，要根據上下文"連體法蘭couplingflange垂直井籠verticalwellcage變風量variableairrate施工面展開constructionunfolds違約行為noncompliance合同交底-contractpresentation管理承包商ManagementContractorparty工程量workamount實施的形象進度progressofimplementation完工資料as—builtdocumentation文整clear-up審核review汽車式起重機Autocrane深化圖紙deependrawing設備配置計劃equipmentfurnishmentplan結構預埋配合階段Structurepre-embedmentassistancestage精裝修階段Finefitmentstage工程施工階段Constructionstage工程竣工階段Completionstage臺鉆Benchdrill沖擊鉆Churndrill手電鉆Electricportabledrill砂輪切割機Abrasivecuttingoffmachine角鋼卷圓機Angleironrollingmachine管道切斷器Pipecuttingmachine銅管調直機Copperpipestraighteningmachine管道壓槽機Bookjointsettingmachineforpipes管道壓槽機Bookjointsettingmachineforpipes角向磨光機Anglepolishingmachine電動套絲機Electricthreadingmachine電動卷揚機Electricwinch電動試壓泵Motor-drivenpressuretestpump手動試壓泵Manualpressuretestpump閥門試壓機Valvepressuretestdevice閥門試壓機ValvepressuretestdeviceTDC（F)風管加工流水線TDC（F）airductworkfabricationstreamline等離子切割機PlasmacuttingmachineTDC（F）法蘭條成型機TDC(F)flangestripshapingmill勾碼成型機FormingmachineforflangeclampTDC(F）風管加工成型機TDC（F）ductfabricationshapingmill多普勒超聲波流量檢測儀Dopplerultrasonicflowdetector溫、濕度傳感器"Temperature，humiditysenor”精密聲級計Precisionsoundlevelmeter風管漏風量測試儀、風室式漏風測試裝置”Ductairleakagetester，airchamberairleakagetestingdevice”風罩式風量測試儀Airhoodairratetester微壓計、畢托管、熱球（電）風速儀"Micromanometer,pitottube，hotbulb(electrical)anemoscope”潛水泵Submergedpump電動彎管機Electricpipebender銅管彎管機Copperpipebender液壓彎管機Hydraulicpipebender電動剪刀Electricclipper液壓鉚釘鉗Hydraulicrivetingclamp線槽電鋸Trunkingelectricsaw開孔器Tapper電動空壓機Electricaircompressor液壓千斤頂Hydraulicjack液壓手推車Hydraulictrolley焊條烘干箱Weldingroddryingbox手拉葫蘆Chainblock道（墊）木Sleeper轉速表Tachometer電流鉗型表Clip—styleammeter壓力表Pressuregauge接地電阻測試儀Earthingresistancetestingdevice氧氣表Oxygengauge乙炔表Acetylenegauge對講機Walkietalkie文件和資料documentsandinformation建設單位Constructionunit安裝單位Installationunita.DESIGNBASIS設計依據b.DESIGNSTAGE設計階段c.CLIMATECONDITION氣象條件d。GENERALROOMNAME常用房間名稱e.ROOFING&CEILING屋面及天棚f。WALL（CLADDING)墻體（外墻板）g。FLOOR&TRENCH地面及地溝h.DOORS、GLASS、WINDOWS＆IRONMONGERY（HARDWARE)門、玻璃、窗及五金件I.STAIRCASE、LANDING&LIFT（ELEVATOR)樓梯、休息平臺及電梯j.BUILDINGMATERIALWORDSANDPHRASES建筑材料詞匯及短語【BricksandTiles磚和瓦】【Lime，SandandStone灰、砂和石】【Cement，MortarandConcrete水泥、砂漿和混凝土】【FacingAndPlasteringMaterials飾面及粉刷材料】【Asphalt（Bitumen）andAsbestos瀝青和石棉】【Timber木材】【MetallicMaterials金屬材料】【Non—FerrousMetal有色金屬】【Anti-CorrosionMaterials防腐蝕材料】【BuildingHardware建筑五金】【Paint油漆】k。OTHERARCHITECTURALTERMS其它建筑術語【Discipline專業(yè)】【ConventionalTerms一般通用名詞】【ArchitecturalPhysics建筑物理】【NameOfProfessionalrole職務名稱】【Drafting制圖】a。DESIGNBASIS設計依據計劃建議書planningproposals設計任務書designorder標準規(guī)范standardsandcodes條件圖informationdrawing設計基礎資料basicdatafordesign工藝流程圖processflowchart工程地質資料engineeringgeologicaldata原始資料originaldata設計進度scheduleofdesignb.STAGEOFDESIGN設計階段方案scheme,draft草圖sketch會談紀要summaryofdiscussion談判negotiation可行性研究feasibilitystudy初步設計preliminarydesign基礎設計basicdesign詳細設計detaildesign詢價圖enquirydrawing施工圖workingdrawing,constructiondrawing竣工圖asbuiltdrawingc。CLIMATECONDITION氣象條件日照sunshine風玫瑰windrose主導風向prevailingwinddirection最大(平均）風速maximum(mean）windvelocity風荷載windload最大（平均）降雨量maximum(mean）rainfall雷擊及閃電thunderandlightning颶風hurricane臺風typhoon旋風cyclone降雨強度rainfallintensity年降雨量annualrainfall濕球溫度wetbulbtemperature干球溫度drybulbtemperature冰凍期frostperiod冰凍線frostline冰凍區(qū)frostzone室外計算溫度calculatingoutdoortemperature采暖地區(qū)regionwithheatingprovision不采暖地區(qū)regionwithoutheatingprovision絕對大氣壓absoluteatmosphericpressure相對濕度relativehumidityd.GENERALROOMNAME常用房間名稱辦公室office服務用房serviceroom換班室shiftroom休息室restroom（breakroom）起居室livingroom浴室bathroom淋浴間shower更衣室lockerroom廁所lavatory門廳lobby診室clinic工作間workshop電氣開關室switchroom走廊corridor檔案室archive電梯機房liftmotorroom車庫garage清潔間cleaningroom會議室(正式)conferenceroom會議室meetingroom衣柜間wardrobe暖風間H.V.A。Croom飯店restaurant餐廳canteen,diningroom廚房kitchen入口entrance接待處receptionarea會計室accountantroom秘書室secretaryroom電氣室electricalroom控制室controlroom工長室foremanoffice開關柜室switchgear前室antecabinet（Ante.)生產區(qū)productionarea馬達控制中心Mcc多功能用房utilityroom化驗室laboratoryroom經理室managerroom披屋（閣樓）penthouse警衛(wèi)室guardhousee.ROOFINGANDCEILING屋面及天棚女兒墻parapet雨蓬canopy屋脊roofridge坡度slope坡跨比pitch分水線water-shed二氈三油2layersoffelt&3coatsofbitumastic附加油氈一層extraplyoffelt檐口eave挑檐overhangingeave檐溝eavegutter平屋面flatroof坡屋面pitchedroof雨水管downspout，rainwaterpipe）（R。W.P）匯水面積catchmentarea泛水flashing內排水interiordrainage外排水exteriordrainage滴水drip屋面排水roofdrainage找平層levelingcourse卷材屋面built—uproofing天棚ceiling檁條purlin屋面板roofingboard天花板ceilingboard防水層water-proofcourse檢查孔inspectionhole人孔manhole吊頂suspendedceiling，falseceiling檐板(窗簾盒）cornicef.WALL（CLADDING）墻體(外墻板）磚墻brickwall砌塊墻blockwall清水磚墻brickwallwithoutplastering抹灰墻renderedwall石膏板墻gypsumboard，plasterboard空心磚墻hollowbrickwall承重墻bearingwall非承重墻non-bearingwall縱墻longitudinalwall橫墻transversewall外墻external（exterior)wall內墻internal（interior)wall填充墻fillerwall防火墻firewall窗間墻wallbetweenwindow空心墻cavitywall壓頂coping圈梁gird,girt,girth玻璃隔斷glazedwall防潮層damp-proofcourse(D。P.C)遮陽板sunshade陽臺balcony伸縮縫expansionjoint沉降縫settlementjoint抗震縫seismicjoint復合夾心板sandwichboard壓型單板corrugatedsinglesteelplate外墻板claddingpanel復合板compositepanel輕質隔斷l(xiāng)ight-weightpartition牛腿bracket磚煙囪brickchimney勒腳(基座)plinthg。FLOORANDTRENCH地面及地溝地坪grade地面和樓面groundandfloor素土夯實rammedearth爐渣夯實tampedcinder填土filledearth回填土夯實tampedbackfill墊層beddingcourse,blinding面層covering,finish結合層bonding(binding）course找平層levelingcourse素水泥漿結合層neatcementbindingcourse混凝土地面concretefloor水泥地面cementfloor機器磨平混凝土地面machinetrowelledconcretefloor水磨石地面terrazzoflooring馬賽克地面mosaicflooring瓷磚地面ceramictileflooring油地氈地面linoleumflooring預制水磨石地面precastterrazzoflooring硬木花地面hard—woodparquetflooring擱柵joist硬木毛地面hard—woodroughflooring企口板地面tonguedandgroovedflooring防酸地面acid-resistantfloor鋼筋混凝土樓板reinforcedconcreteslab(R。CSlab）乙烯基地面vinylflooring水磨石嵌條dividerstripforterrazzo地面做2％坡floorwith2％slope集水溝gully集水口gulley排水溝drainagetrench溝蓋板trenchcover活動蓋板removablecoverplate集水坑sumppit孔翻邊holeupstand電纜溝cabletrenchh.DOORS,GLASS，WINDOWS&IRONMONGERY(HARDWARE)門、玻璃、窗及五金件木(鋼)門wooden(steel)door鑲板門panelleddoor夾板門plywooddoor鋁合金門aluminumalloydoor卷簾門rollershutterdoor彈簧門swingdoor推拉門slidingdoor平開門side-hungdoor折疊門foldingdoor旋轉門revolvingdoor玻璃門glazeddoor密閉門air-Tightdoor保溫門thermalinsulatingdoor鍍鋅鐵絲網門galvanizedsteelwiremeshdoor防火門firedoor（大門上的）小門wicket門框doorframe門扇doorleaf門洞dooropening結構開洞structuralopening單扇門singledoor雙扇門doubledoor疏散門emergencydoor紗門screendoor門檻doorsill門過梁doorlintel上冒頭toprail下冒頭bottomrail門邊木stile門樘側料sidejumb槽口notch木窗woodenwindow鋼窗steelwindow鋁合金窗aluminumalloywindow百葉窗（通風為主）sun—bind,louver（louver，shutter，blind)塑鋼窗plasticsteelwindow空腹鋼窗hollowsteelwindow固定窗fixedwindow平開窗side-hungwindow推拉窗slidingwindow氣窗transom上懸窗top—hungwindow中懸窗center-pivotedwindow下懸窗hopperwindow活動百葉窗adjustablelouver天窗skylight老虎窗dormerwindow密封雙層玻璃sealeddoubleglazing鋼筋混凝土過梁reinforcedconcretelintel鋼筋磚過梁reinforcedbricklintel窗扇casementsash窗臺windowsill窗臺板windowboard窗中梃mullion窗橫木mutin窗邊木stile壓縫條covermould窗簾盒curtainbox合頁（鉸鏈)hinge(butts)轉軸pivot長腳鉸鏈parliamenthinge閉門器doorcloser地彈簧floorcloser插銷bolt門鎖doorlock拉手pull鏈條chain門鉤doorhanger碰球balllatch窗鉤windowcatch暗插銷insertbolt電動開關器electricopener平板玻璃plateglass夾絲玻璃wireglass透明玻璃clearglass毛玻璃（磨砂玻璃)groundglass(frostedglass）防彈玻璃bullet-proofglass石英玻璃quartzglass吸熱玻璃heatabsorbingglass磨光玻璃polishedglass著色玻璃pigmentedglass玻璃瓦glasstile玻璃磚glassblock有機玻璃organicglassI.STAIRCASE，LANDING＆LIFT(ELEVATOR)樓梯、休息平臺及電梯樓梯stair樓梯間staircase疏散梯emergencystair旋轉梯spiralstair(circularstair)吊車梯craneladder直爬梯verticalladder踏步step扇形踏步winder（wheelstep）踏步板tread檔步板riser踏步寬度treadwidth防滑條non-slipinsert（strips)欄桿railing（balustrade）平臺欄桿platformrailing吊裝孔欄桿railingaroundmountinghole扶手handrail梯段高度heightofflight防護梯籠protectingcage（safetycage)平臺landing（platform）操作平臺operatingplatform裝卸平臺platformforloading&unloading樓梯平臺stairlanding客梯passengerlift貨梯goodslift客/貨兩用梯goods/passengerlift液壓電梯hydrauliclift自動扶梯escalator觀光電梯observationelevator電梯機房liftmortarroom電梯坑liftpit電梯井道liftshaftj。BUILDINGMATERIALWORDSANDPHRASES建筑材料詞匯及短語BricksandTiles磚和瓦紅磚redbrick粘土磚claybrick瓷磚glazedbrick（ceramictile)防火磚firebrick空心磚hollowbrick面磚facingbrick地板磚flooringtile缸磚clinkerybrick馬賽克mosaic陶粒混凝土ceramsiteconcrete琉璃瓦glazedtile脊瓦ridgetile石棉瓦asbestostile(shingle）波形石棉水泥瓦corrugatedasbestoscementsheetLime,SandandStone灰、砂和石石膏gypsum大理石marble漢白玉whitemarble花崗巖granite碎石crushedstone毛石rubble蛭石vermiculite珍珠巖pearlite水磨石terrazzo卵石cobble礫石gravel粗砂coursesand中砂mediumsand細砂finesandCement,MortarandConcrete水泥、砂漿和混凝土波特蘭水泥(普通硅酸鹽水泥）Portlandcement硅酸鹽水泥silicatecement火山灰水泥pozzolanacement白水泥whitecement水泥砂漿cementmortar石灰砂漿limemortar水泥石灰砂漿（混合砂漿）cement-limemortar保溫砂漿thermalmortar防水砂漿water-proofmortar耐酸砂漿acid-resistantmortar耐堿砂漿alkaline—resistantmortar瀝青砂漿bituminousmortar紙筋灰paperstripmixedlimemortar麻刀灰hempcutlimemortar灰縫mortarjoint素混凝土plainconcrete鋼筋混凝土reinforcedconcrete輕質混凝土lightweightconcrete細石混凝土fineaggregateconcrete瀝青混凝土asphaltconcrete泡沫混凝土foamedconcrete爐渣混凝土cinderconcreteFacingAndPlasteringMaterials飾面及粉刷材料水刷石graniticplaster斬假石artificialstone刷漿limewash可賽銀casein大白漿whitewash麻刀灰打底hempcutsandlimeasbase噴大白漿兩道sprayedtwicewithwhitewash分格抹水泥砂漿cementmortarplastersectioned板條抹灰lathandplasterAsphalt（Bitumen)andAsbestos瀝青和石棉瀝青卷材asphaltfelt瀝青填料asphaltfiller瀝青膠泥asphaltgrout冷底子油adhesivebitumenprimer瀝青瑪啼脂asphalticmastic瀝青麻絲bitumasticoakum石棉板asbestossheet石棉纖維asbestosfiberTimber木材裂縫crack透裂split環(huán)裂shake干縮shrinkage翹曲warping原木log圓木roundtimber方木squaretimber板材plank木條batten板條lath木板board紅松redpine白松whitepine落葉松deciduouspine云杉spruce柏木cypress白楊whitepoplar樺木birch冷杉fir櫟木oak榴木willow榆木elm杉木cedar柚木teak樟木camphorwood防腐處理的木材preservative—treatedlumber膠合板plywood三（五）合板3(5）-plywood企口板tonguedandgroovedboard層夾板laminatedplank膠合層夾木材glue-laminatedlumber纖維板fiber—board竹子bambooMetallicMaterials金屬材料黑色金屬ferrousmetal圓鋼steelBar方鋼squaresteel扁鋼steelstrap,flatsteel型鋼steelsection（shape）槽鋼channel角鋼anglesteel等邊角鋼equal—legangle不等邊角鋼unequal-legangle工字鋼I-beam寬翼緣工字鋼wideflangeI—beam丁(之)字鋼T—bar（Z—bar)冷彎薄壁型鋼lightgaugecold—formedsteelshape熱軋hot-rolled冷軋cold—rolled冷拉cold—drawn冷壓cold—pressed合金鋼alloysteel鈦合金titaniumalloy不銹鋼stainlesssteel竹節(jié)鋼筋corrugatedsteelbar變形鋼筋deformedbar光圓鋼筋plainroundbar鋼板steelplate薄鋼板thinsteelplate低碳鋼lowcarbonsteel冷彎coldbending鋼管steelpipe(tube）無縫鋼管seamlesssteelpipe焊接鋼管weldedsteelpipe黑鐵管ironpipe鍍鋅鋼管galvanizedsteelpipe鑄鐵castiron生鐵pigiron熟鐵wroughtiron鍍鋅鐵皮galvanizedsteelsheet鍍鋅鐵絲galvanizedsteelwire鋼絲網steelwiremesh多孔金屬網expandedmetal錳鋼managanesesteel高強度合金鋼highstrengthalloysteelNon—FerrousMetal有色金屬金gold白金platinum銅copper黃銅brass青銅bronze銀silver鋁aluminum鉛leadAnti—CorrosionMaterials防腐蝕材料聚乙烯polythene,polyethylene尼龍nylon聚氯乙烯PVC（polyvinylchloride）聚碳酸酯polycarbonate聚苯乙烯polystyrene丙烯酸樹酯acrylicresin乙烯基酯vinylester橡膠內襯rubberlining氯丁橡膠neoprene瀝青漆bitumenpaint環(huán)氧樹脂漆epoxyresinpaint氧化鋅底漆zincoxideprimer防銹漆anti-rustpaint耐酸漆acid-resistantpaint耐堿漆alkali-resistantpaint水玻璃sodiumsilicate樹脂砂漿resin-bondedmortar環(huán)氧樹脂epoxyresinBuildingHardware建筑五金釘子nails螺紋屋面釘spiral—threadedroofingnail環(huán)紋石膏板釘annular-ringgypsumboardnail螺絲screws平頭螺絲flat—headscrew螺栓bolt普通螺栓commercialbolt高強螺栓highstrengthbolt預埋螺栓insertbolt脹錨螺栓cinchbolt墊片washerPaint油漆底漆primer防銹底漆rust-inhibitiveprimer防腐漆anti—corrosionpaint調和漆mixedpaint無光漆flatpaint透明漆varnish銀粉漆aluminumpaint磁漆enamelpaint干性油dryingoil稀釋劑thinner焦油tar瀝青漆asphaltpaint桐油tungoil,Chinesewoodoil紅丹redlead鉛油leadoil膩子puttyk。OTHERARCHITECTURALTERMS其它建筑術語Discipline專業(yè)建筑architecture土木civil給排水watersupplyanddrainage總圖plotplan采暖通風H。V.A.C（heating、ventilationandairconditioning)電力供應electricpowersupply電氣照明electriclighting電訊telecommunication儀表instrument熱力供應heatpowersupply動力mechanicalpower工藝processtechnology管道pipingConventionalTerms一般通用名詞建筑原理architectonics建筑形式architecturalstyle民用建筑civilarchitecture城市建筑urbanarchitecture農村建筑ruralarchitecture農業(yè)建筑farmbuilding工業(yè)建筑industrialbuilding重工業(yè)的heavyindustrial輕工業(yè)的lightindustrial古代建筑ancientarchitecture現(xiàn)代建筑modernarchitecture標準化建筑standardizedbuildings附屬建筑auxiliarybuildings城市規(guī)劃cityplanning廠區(qū)內withinsite廠區(qū)外offsite封閉式closedtype開敞式opentype半開敞式semi-opentype模數制modularsystem單位造價unitcost概算preliminaryestimate承包商constructor,contractor現(xiàn)場site擴建extension改建reconstruction防火fire—prevention防震aseismatic,quake—proof防腐anti—corrosion防潮dump—proof防水water—proof防塵dust—proof防銹rust-proof車流量trafficvolume建筑模型buildingmodelArchitecturalPhysics建筑物理照明illumination照度degreeofillumination亮度brightness日照sunshine天然采光naturallighting光強lightintensity側光sidelight頂光toplight眩光glaze方位角azimuth輻射radiation對流convection傳導conduction遮陽sun—shade保溫thermalinsulation恒溫constanttemperature恒濕constanthumidity噪音noise隔音sound-proof吸音soundabsorption露點dewpoint隔汽vapor-proofNameOfProfessionalrole職務名稱項目經理projectmanager（PM)設計經理designmanager首席建筑師principalarchitect總工程師chiefengineer土木工程師civilengineer工藝工程師processengineer電氣工程師electricalengineer機械工程師mechanicalengineer計劃工程師planningengineer助理工程師assistantengineer實習生probationer專家specialist,expert制圖員draftsman技術員technicianDrafting制圖總說明generalspecification工程說明projectspecification采用標準規(guī)范目錄listofstandardsandspecificationadopted圖紙目錄listofdrawings平面圖plan局部放大圖detailwithenlargedscale．．．平面示意圖schematicplanof.。。．．．平剖面圖sectionalplanof...留孔平面圖planofprovisionofholes剖面section縱剖面longitudinalse