2019-2020學(xué)年新教材高中英語(yǔ)外研版必修第三冊(cè)課件：UNIT-6-Section-B-Using-Language-

UNIT6DisasterandhopeSectionBUsinglanguage

核心詞匯詞匯一leaveout省略；遺漏；忽視，冷落◆教材原句Whathasbeenleftoutinsentences（a）and（b）?句子（a）和（b）中省略了什么？◆要點(diǎn)必記beleftout被忽視，被冷落feelleftout覺(jué)得被忽視/冷落◆歸納拓展leave...alone不管；不打擾leave...aside不予考慮，擱置一邊leave...behind忘記帶走，留下；落后；將……拋在后面leaveoutofsth.不包括，不提及題組練·領(lǐng)悟方法◆單句語(yǔ)法填空（1）Today，wewillbeginwherewestoppedyesterdaysothatnopointwill_______

（leave）out.（2）Hehadn’tbeenaskedtothepartyandwasfeelingleft

.（3）HesetoffforWashington，leavingthechildren

withtheirmother.（4）Nowthathecanmakeuphisownmind，whynotleavehim

?◆單句寫(xiě)作（5）You

（落后了）andyourresultsarebelowaveragethistime.（6）You

（漏掉）a“c”in“satisfaction”.（7）Let’s

（不考慮這件事）foramoment.beleftoutbehindalonegetleftbehind

leave/leftoutleavethematteraside詞匯二forecastn.&v.預(yù)測(cè)，預(yù)報(bào)◆教材原句Technologyisn’ttheonlywaytoforecast

theweather.技術(shù)并不是預(yù)測(cè)天氣的唯一方法。◆要點(diǎn)必記forecaststh.todosth.預(yù)測(cè)某物做某事forecastthat...預(yù)測(cè)……theweatherforecast天氣預(yù)報(bào)◆學(xué)法點(diǎn)撥forecast中的fore-是前綴，表示“在前部，預(yù)先”。前綴fore-構(gòu)成的其他單詞還有：forehead前額，foresee預(yù)見(jiàn)，foretell預(yù)言?！粼~語(yǔ)辨析

forecast與predict·forecast指借助某種信息或知識(shí)對(duì)將來(lái)可能發(fā)生的事進(jìn)行預(yù)測(cè)、預(yù)報(bào)。·predict指經(jīng)過(guò)分析判斷或根據(jù)經(jīng)驗(yàn)預(yù)言將要發(fā)生某事?！魡尉湔Z(yǔ)法填空（1）Earthquakesaredifficultforus

（forecast）.（2）Theweathermanhasforecast

itwillbefinetomorrow.（3）［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］Hurricane

（forecast）fortomorrow.（4）Withtoday’stechnology，scientistsstillhavedifficulty__________（forecast）earthquakes.◆選詞填空（forecast/predict）（5）Nomatterhowcarefullyyouplanyourfinances，noonecan

whentheunexpectedwillhappen.（6）Thenewspaper

thattheywouldbetotallybeateninthecominggeneralelection.toforecastthatisforecast/forecastedforecastingpredictforecast/forecasted詞匯三reliableadj.可信賴的，可靠的◆教材原句So，foraccurateandreliablepredictions，it’sbesttocheckanofficial，scientificreport.因此，為了準(zhǔn)確可靠的預(yù)測(cè)，最好查看官方的科學(xué)報(bào)告?！粢c(diǎn)必記reliablepredictions可靠的預(yù)測(cè)reliableinformation可靠的信息areliablefriend可靠的朋友◆歸納拓展relyon/dependon依靠，依賴；信任，信賴relyon/dependonitthat...相信……，指望……◆單句語(yǔ)法填空（1）Sheisa

（rely）girl.Wegetalongwellwitheachotherall

thetime.（2）Thatyoungmanishonest，cooperative，alwaystherewhenyouneedhis

help.Inshort，he’s

（rely）.（3）Thoughhehasshortcomings，heisaperson

（rely）on.◆單句寫(xiě)作（4）Youmay

（相信）shewon’t

changehermind.reliablereliabletorely

relyonitthat詞匯四emergencyn.緊急情況，不測(cè)事件◆教材原句Onhearingthenews，Chinawasquicktostartorganisingemergencyaid.聽(tīng)到這一消息后，中國(guó)迅速開(kāi)始組織緊急援助?！粢c(diǎn)必記dealwithemergency應(yīng)付緊急情況emergencyexit緊急出口emergencyroom急救室inanemergency在緊急情況下incaseofemergency萬(wàn)一遇到緊急情況astateofemergency緊急狀態(tài)◆單句寫(xiě)作（1）Duringafiredrill，pleaseexitimmediatelyfromthenearest__________________

（緊急出口）.（2）Theaudienceneedtoknowwhattodo__________________（在緊急情況下）.（3）Ringthebell

（遇到緊急情況時(shí)）.

=

，ringthebell.（4）Thegovernmenthasdeclared_____________________（緊急狀態(tài)）following

theearthquake.

emergencyexit

inanemergency

inanemergencyIncaseofemergencyastateofemergency詞匯五rescuen.&v.

營(yíng)救，解救 ◆教材原句Internationalrescueteamssoonbegantoarriveinthecountry.國(guó)際救援隊(duì)很快開(kāi)始抵達(dá)該國(guó)?！粢c(diǎn)必記（1）arescueteam救援隊(duì)rescueworkers救援人員cometothe/one’srescue來(lái)援救某人（2）rescue...from...把……從……中救出來(lái)◆單句語(yǔ)法填空（1）Anumberofsoldiersweresent

（rescue）thepeople

trappedintheearthquake.（2）“Neverforasecond，”

theboysays，“didIdoubtthatmyfather

wouldcome_____

my

rescue.”（3）Theyweretrappedinthemountain，waitingto

（rescue）.◆單句寫(xiě)作（4）Themother，alongwithhertwochildren，

（被從……里救出來(lái)）the

sinkingboatbyapassingship.（5）Whenweweretrappedintheruins，thesoldiers

（趕來(lái)救援）.torescuetoberescuedwasrescuedfromcametoourrescue詞匯六consistof由……組成/構(gòu)成（無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)）◆教材原句Consistingof62people，itnotonlyincludedrescuersandmedicalstaff，butalsoincludedearthquakeexperts.它由62人組成，不僅包括救援人員和醫(yī)務(wù)人員，還包括地震專家。◆要點(diǎn)必記consistin在于，取決于beconsistentwith與……相一致/符合◆歸納拓展“由……組成”的多種表達(dá)：（1）整體+consistof+部分（2）部分+makeup+整體→整體+bemadeupof+部分（3）整體+becomposedof+部分◆誤區(qū)警示consistof不用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，但可用其現(xiàn)在分詞形式consistingof作后置定語(yǔ)，如thesoilmostlyconsistingofsand（主要由沙子構(gòu)成的土壤）。類似的短語(yǔ)有datebackto/from（追溯到……），belongto（屬于）等?！魡尉湔Z(yǔ)法填空（1）［2019·天津卷］Mostfoodwebs，forinstance，consist

many

weaklinksratherthana

fewstrongones.（2）ThebeautyofMountTaiconsists

itscharmingscenery

andrichculture.（3）Theresultisentirelyconsistent

ourearlierresearch.◆單句寫(xiě)作（4）TheUSA

（由……組成）fiftystates，oneof

whichisseparatedfromthe

othersbythePacificOcean.

（5）Theschoolboard

（由……組成）parentswhohavebeenelectedtomakedecisionsaboutschoolaffairs.（6）Hisbehaviour

（與……相一致）histeaching.ofinwithconsistsofismadeupofisconsistentwith◆一句多譯生活中不僅有陽(yáng)光，也有艱難的日子。（7）Life

sunshineandhardtimes.（8）Life

sunshineandhardtimes.（9）Life

sunshineandhardtimes.consistsofismadeupofiscomposedupof詞匯七claim（1）v.（戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、事故等）奪去（生命）；聲稱，斷言；索要，索?。?）n.

聲稱，斷言；索賠

◆教材原句Causedbyexceptionallyheavysnowfallwithinashortperiodoftime，theydestroyedbuildingsandforests，andclaimedover256lives.由于短時(shí)間內(nèi)的特大降雪，它們摧毀了建筑物和森林，奪去了超過(guò)256人的生命?！粢c(diǎn)必記（1）claimone’slife奪去某人的生命It’sclaimedthat...據(jù)稱……claimthat...聲稱……claimtodosth.聲稱要做某事claimtohavedonesth.聲稱做過(guò)某事claimsth.back要回某物（2）makeaclaim索賠makeaclaimfor...提出索賠◆寫(xiě)出句中claim的含義（1）Theyclaimtohavediscoveredacureforthedisease.

____________

（2）Didyouclaimontheinsuranceafteryourcaraccident?____________

（3）Someoftheearlyclaimsthatweremadewerefalse.____________

◆單句語(yǔ)法填空（4）Theearthquake

（claim）over100livessofar.（5）Theyclaimed

theyhadfoundmysteriouscreatureswith

sharpteethinthecave.（6）Sincethecriminalsetfireonyourgoods，youcanmakeaclaim

damages.◆單句寫(xiě)作（7）Youcan

（要回你的錢(qián)）if

thegoodsaredamaged.（8）He

（聲稱已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)）a

templeonthepeak.索賠聲稱斷言

hasclaimed

that

for

claimyourmoneybackclaimstohavefound詞匯八threatenv.威脅到，危及；威脅，恐嚇◆教材原句Itledtoaseverefoodcrisisandthreatenedthelivelihoodsofmorethan9.5millionpeople.它導(dǎo)致了嚴(yán)重的糧食危機(jī)，威脅到950多萬(wàn)人的生計(jì)?！粢c(diǎn)必記（1）threatenone’slife危及某人的生命threatentodosth.威脅要做某事threatensb.with...用……威脅某人bethreatenedwith受到……威脅（2）underthreat遭到威脅athreatto...對(duì)……的威脅makethreatsagainstsb.對(duì)某人進(jìn)行威脅（3）threateningbehaviour威脅行為athreateningletter一封恐嚇信◆單詞積累threatn.威脅，恐嚇→threatenv.→threateningadj.恐嚇的，具有威脅的◆單句語(yǔ)法填空（1）Iftheirhabitat

（threaten）ortheycannotfindenoughfood，theirnumbersmaydecrease.（2）Whenheselectsnewsoftheotherkind，heusuallywithdrawsfromtheworldof___________（threaten）realitytowardthedreamworld.（3）Theseancientwoodlandsare

threatfromnewroaddevelopments.◆單句寫(xiě)作（4）Theconstructor

（威脅要停止）theroadworksifthemoneywasn’tpaidoff.（5）Largeareasofthejungle

（現(xiàn)在面臨……的危險(xiǎn)）destruction.isthreatenedthreateningunderthreatenedtostoparenowthreatenedwith

重點(diǎn)句式

句式一the+序數(shù)詞+名詞+不定式◆教材原句...theChinaInternationalSearchandRescueTeam（CISAR）wasthefirstinternationalheavyrescueteamtoarrive.……中國(guó)國(guó)際救援隊(duì)是第一支抵達(dá)的。◆要點(diǎn)必記當(dāng)被修飾詞是序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)，通常用不定式作后置定語(yǔ)。被修飾詞與不定式之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系?！魵w納拓展不定式作后置定語(yǔ)的其他情況：①被修飾詞被形容詞最高級(jí)或theonly，thevery等修飾時(shí)；②表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作時(shí)；③抽象名詞ability，attempt，chance，promise，reason，time，way等后常用不定式作定語(yǔ)。◆單句語(yǔ)法填空（1）Hewasthefirstman

（land）onthemooninJuly1969.（2）Ifyougivemeachance

（speak），I’llexplain.（3）Youwillbetheonlyexpert

（make）aspeech.（4）Thegirlisthebestperson

（finish）thewholework.（5）For25days，sheneverleftherbaby，noteventofindsomething

（eat）!◆單句寫(xiě)作（6）Heisalways

（第一個(gè)來(lái)）and

（最后一個(gè)走）.tolandtospeaktomaketofinishtoeatthefirsttocomethelasttoleave

單元語(yǔ)法省略為了使語(yǔ)言簡(jiǎn)潔或避免重復(fù)，將句子中的某些成分省去，這種語(yǔ)言現(xiàn)象叫省略。要點(diǎn)一并列句中的省略（1）省略共同的主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。（2）若主語(yǔ)不同，而謂語(yǔ)部分的助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞相同，則省略后面的助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。（3）若主語(yǔ)以及謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞均相同，則省略后面的主謂成分。（4）若主語(yǔ)不同，但主要?jiǎng)釉~及后續(xù)部分相同，則省略主要?jiǎng)釉~及后續(xù)部分。（5）省略重復(fù)的介詞、連詞及后續(xù)部分?！魧⒁韵碌氖÷跃溲a(bǔ)充完整（1）湯姆撿起地板上的書(shū)，把它給了老師。Tompickedupthebookonthefloorand

handedittohisteacher.（2）杰克肯定一直在踢足球，瑪麗肯定一直在做家庭作業(yè)。JackmusthavebeenplayingfootballandMary______________doingherhomework.（3）他的建議使我高興，卻使吉姆生氣。Hisadvicemademehappy，but

Jimangry.（4）他具備急救知識(shí)，但他的朋友不具備。Hehasaknowledgeoffirstaidbuthisfrienddoesn’t

.（5）他遲到了，因?yàn)樗^(guò)了頭誤了火車(chē)。Hewaslatebecausehehadoversleptand

missedthetrain.Tommusthavebeenhisadvicemadehaveaknowledgeoffirstaidbecausehehad要點(diǎn)二狀語(yǔ)從句中的省略（1）在when，while，whenever，until，if，unless，though，although，asif，asthough，as，whether等引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句中，若從句的主語(yǔ)與主句主語(yǔ)一致（或從句主語(yǔ)是it），且從句謂語(yǔ)含有be動(dòng)詞，可以省略從句的主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞。（2）在than，however，whatever，nomatterwhat等引導(dǎo)的從句中常省略某些成分。（3）如果虛擬條件句中有were，had，should，常省略if，并將were，had，should提前構(gòu)成部分倒裝。 ◆單句語(yǔ)法填空（1）While

（compete）withhisteammates，hehurthisleg.（2）Lookoutforcarswhen

（cross）thestreet.（3）Thepurposeofnewtechnologiesistomakelifeeasier，not

（make）itmoredifficult.（4）When

（ask）whathehaddone，Johnjustkeptsilent.◆同義句轉(zhuǎn)換（5）Shewentonworkingthoughshewastired.=Shewentonworking

.（6）Ifthereshouldbeaflood，whatcouldwedo?=

aflood，whatcouldwedo?（7）Ifsheweremydaughter，Iwouldbestrictwithher.=

，Iwouldbestrictwithher.competingcrossingtomakeaskedthoughtiredShouldtherebeWereshemydaughter要點(diǎn)三定語(yǔ)從句與名詞性從句中的省略（1）在限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，作賓語(yǔ)用的關(guān)系代詞whom，who，which，that可省略；在thesame...as和such...as引導(dǎo)的某些定語(yǔ)從句中，也可省略某些成分。（2）在know，think，consider，suppose，find，believe，say，decide等動(dòng)詞后所接的賓語(yǔ)從句中，連接詞that可以省略；若帶有多個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句，只有第一個(gè)that可以省略，其余的則不能省略。（3）由which，when，where，how，why引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，有時(shí)可全部或部分省略。（4）在與suggest（建議），request，order，advise，recommend等詞相關(guān)的名詞性從句中，應(yīng)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即從句謂語(yǔ)用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”，should可以省略。 ◆用省略句改寫(xiě)下列句子（1）Heisthemanwhom/who/thatyoucansafelydependon._____________________________________________（2）Idon’tlikesuchbooksastheseare.________________________________（3）Hesaidthatthetextwasveryimportantandthatweshouldn’tleaveoutanydetailswhenretellingit.__________________________________________________________________________（4）Shewillcomeback，buthedoesn’tknowwhenshewillcomeback._______________________________________________（5）ItissuggestedthatIshoulddividethebookintofivesections.___________________________________________________Heisthemanyoucansafelydependon.Idon’tlikesuchbooksasthese.Shewillcomeback，buthedoesn’tknowwhen.Hesaidthetextwasveryimportantandthatweshouldn’tleaveoutanydetailswhenretellingit.ItissuggestedthatIdividethebookintofivesections.要點(diǎn)四動(dòng)詞不定式的省略

（1）want，wish，expect，hope，try，forget，wouldlike等后面出現(xiàn)與上文相同的不定式時(shí)，常保留不定式符號(hào)to，而省略后面的內(nèi)容。（2）兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的不定式表示并列關(guān)系時(shí)，第一個(gè)帶to，后面的省略to；但如果兩個(gè)不定式表示對(duì)比關(guān)系，則to不可省略。（3）感官動(dòng)詞see，lookat，hear，listento，notice，watch等和使役動(dòng)詞make，let，have等后面作賓補(bǔ)的不定式要省略to，但此類動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中的to不可省略。（4）在某些句式中，如果介詞but前有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞do的某種形式，后面的不定式要省略to?！粽`區(qū)警示當(dāng)省略的不定式內(nèi)含有作助動(dòng)詞用的have或be的任何形式時(shí)，to后要保留原形have或be。◆用省略句改寫(xiě)下列句子（1）Pleasecometomyhouseifyouwanttocometomyhouse._______________________________________（2）Theymanagedtoovercomeallthedifficultiesandtofinishthetaskaheadofschedule