大學英語翻譯教程（第五版）課件：翻譯技巧(七)反譯法

翻譯技巧(七)

反譯法(反面著筆法)

由于英漢表達習慣的巨大差異，英語中的肯定形式可以甚至必須譯成漢語中的否定形式，而英語中的否定形式卻宜譯作漢語中的肯定形式，也就是使用“反譯法”，亦稱作“反面著筆法”或“正反、反正譯法”。例如:“WetPaint”“KeepUpright!”再如：

(1)“Ihavereadyourarticles，butIexpecttomeetanolderman。”

原譯：“我讀過你的文章，但我料想會見到一個年紀更大的人。”(2)Someoftheitemsaregood;othersmightbebetter.

原譯：有些節(jié)目很好，有些應該更好些。

11.1肯定譯作否定

11.1.1動詞(短語)11.1.2副詞11.1.3形容詞11.1.4介詞(短語)11.1.5連詞11.1.6名詞11.1.7某些固定短語11.1.8句子11.1.1動詞(短語)(3)Iregrettolearnthatyouhavefailedintheexamination.(4)Thefirstbombsmissedthetarget..(5)Washingourhandsfrequentlyisaneffectivewaytoprotectusfrombeinginfectedbythenovelcoronavirus.(6)Theevidenceisclearenough,excludingallpossibilitiesofdoubt.(7)Waterisagoodlubricant，ifyoucandeviseawaytokeepitfromleakingoutorevaporating·

(8)Thevalueoflossinthisequationissosmallthatwecanoverlookit.(9)Aninvestmentinthemoneymarketfundhastiedupthemoneyuntiltheendof

thetermoftheinvestment.(10)Eachcandidatealmostalwaysrefrainedfromchallengingtheotherontheaccuracyoftheother’scontentions.11.1.2副詞(11)Littledidthepresidentknowtherealsituation.(12)Sofar,expertshavehadaboutthesamedegreeofsuccessasstockmarketforecasters,whichistosaytheydobadly.(13)Timeiswhatwewantmost，butwhatmanyuseworst.(14)Juliacontinuedtolookabsentlyatthesea.(15)Purewaterhardlyconductsanelectriccurrentatall,butitbecomesagoodconductorifsaltisdissolvedinit.11.1.3形容詞(16)Ourideaonthesubjectarestillfluid.(17)Theseofficialdocumentsshallformanintegralpartofthiscontract.(18)“Itwasthemostinfluentialprivategroup，”saysoneofthefoundermembers.(19)Itwouldbemostdisastrousifevenarumorofitweregivenout.(20)Deceptionisforeigntohisnature.(21)Johnsonisreluctanttogetinvolvedinaproceduralconfrontationwiththeotherparty.(22)

Theyseemsomewhatdisappointedatsigningsuchamarginalagreement.11.1.4介詞(短語)(23)Itisbeyondhispowertosignsuchacontract.(24)Outofsight,outofmind.(25)Itisoutofthequestionforanyonetobuildacastleintheair.(26)Bothsidesthoughtthatthepeaceproposalwasonetheycouldacceptwithdignity.(27)Itwillgenerallybefoundthatthemenwhoarehabituallybehindtimeareashabituallybehindsuccess.11.1.5連詞(28)Dreamsquicklyevaporateunlesswehastentoputthemintowords.(29)You’dbetterwritedownhisaddressnowbeforeyouforgetit.(30)UntilshespokeIhadn’trealizedshewasforeign.(31)Tellusthetruthoryoucanneverexpecttowinourtrust.(32)Islomaniarunsinhisblood.Hewouldrathertalkaboutislandsthaneat.11.1.6名詞(33)Shortnessoftimehasrequiredtheomissionofsomestates.(34)Intheabsenceofforce,abodywilleitherremainatrestorcontinuetomovewithconstantspeedinastraightline.(35)Alackofawarenessofculturaldifferencesorlocalcustomscancreateproblems.(36)Politenessisnotalwaysthesignofwisdom，butthewantofitalwaysleavesroomforthesuspicionoffolly.(37)Spreadsinthecharacteristicsofthecomponentsmadethesystemwasted.11.1.7某些固定短語(38)Theescapedcriminalisstillatlarge.(39)Whenhemissedthelastbus,hewasatalosstoknowwhattodo.(40)Iaminthedarkaboutthematter.(41)Theirperformancewasanythingbutsatisfactory.(42)Thearrangementwillsuityouverywell.—Overtheleft.(43)Therearemanyenergysourcesinstore.Theproblemhasbeentousetheenergyatareasonablecost.11.1.8句子(44)Itisagoodgoosethatisalwaysdropping.(45)Letmecatchyouatitagain.(46)Hisgrandmotherisalready80，butshecarriesheryearslightly.(47)Iamwiserthantobelievesuchstories.(48)Theshopassistantwentoutofhiswaytofindwhatweneeded.11.2否定譯作肯定11.2.1動詞11.2.2副詞11.2.3形容詞11.2.4名詞11.2.5短語11.2.6句子11.2.1動詞(49)Theyarenowunprovidedwiththetechniquesnecessaryforthemanufacturingofragsintopaper.(50)Themothergentlydisengagedherhandfromthatofhersleepingbaby.(51)Thedoubtwasstillunsolvedafterhisrepeatedexplanations.(52)Howshelongedtounsayhertactlesswords！(53)Thebosscouldfireanyemployeewhohadeverdispleasedhim.11.2.2副詞(54)IsupposeIwasindirectlyresponsibleforthewholething.(55)MikebelievedthattheMinisterofEducationhaddishonorablyresignedfromoffice.(56)Unfortunately，shehituponafewshoalsintranslatingthatpassage.11.2.3形容詞(57)APECwillhavetobenon-discriminatoryanditwillhavetoseektobeopenratherthanclosedinitsapproach.(58)ThisbirdisanunusualwintervisitortoBritain.(59)Smithistooindecisivetomakeagoodleader.11.2.4名詞(60)Itwassaidthatsomeonehassowndiscordamongthem.(61)Wewerepuzzledbythesuddendisappearanceofourguide.(62)Therehasbeenfaultlessdisagreementbetweenthemoverwhetherthedishistasty.(63)BachmansaidtheattackhadbroughtdisgraceonGermany.11.2.5短語(64)Lockebelievesthatthereisnothinglikeicedteatoquenchone’sthirst.(65)That93-year-oldman’srecoveryfromcovid-19wasnothingshortof(being)miraculous.(66)Hemeanttohelp，nodoubt，butinfacthehasbeenahindrance.(67)Thoughretired,Vendlerisnolessactivethanheusedtobe.(68)There’snowantofopportunitiesthesedays..11.2.6句子(69)Abook