河南省洛陽市2023-2024學年高一上學期期末考試英語試題（含答案）2

河南省洛陽市2023-2024學年高一上學期期末考試英語試題姓名：__________班級：__________考號：__________題號一二三四五總分評分一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共37.5分）閱讀短文，回答問題GreatBarrierReef（礁）MarineConservationVolunteerProgram—CairnsAreyoulookingformeaningfultravelopportunitiesthatputthefocusontheprotectionofeasily-damagedecosystemsandthreatenedmarinespecies?Thisprojectiswellsuitedtovolunteerswhowanttohelpwiththereefspeciesmonitoring,seaturtlerecoveryandweeklybeachplasticremoval.Volunteersmustbeatleast18yearsold,unlessvolunteeringwithafriendorfamilymemberwhois18orolder.Youaren'trequiredtohaveanyspecializedexperience,asyou'llreceivecomprehensivetrainingtoprepareforcarryingoutresearch-basedactivitiesatsea.Pleasenotethatyouneedtobeabletofloatandswimatleast50meters.PleasebesuretorateyourswimmingabilitywhenyouapplytovolunteerinAustralia.Allvolunteerswillbetesteduponarrivaltotheprogram.VolunteerscheduleFirstDay：Onyourfirstdayofvolunteering,youwillbeaccompaniedtoyourprojectbyourlocalstaff.Volunteerstypicallyworkinmorningandafternoonshifts（換班）thatlastaround3to5hourseach.Weekdays：Atypicalvolunteerdayisasfollows:7：30AMBreakfastatthevolunteeraccommodation.8：00AMVolunteersleavehomeandtraveltotheirproject.8：30AM-1：00PMVolunteerworkandalunchbreak.1：00PM-3：30PMVolunteerwork.6：30PMDinneratthevolunteeraccommodation.Pleasenotethisschedulewillvarydependingontheneedsofyourparticularproject.Toensurethesafetyofourvolunteersandrespectofothersinthevolunteerapartment,acurfew（宵禁）of11：00PMhasbeenputinplacefromSundaytoThursdayanda2：00AMcurfewforFridayandSaturday.1．Whatcanyoudointhisproject?A．Dodailybeachclean-ups. B．Countthenumberofreefs.C．Doresearchonecosystems. D．Helpimproveturtles'population.2．Whichofthefollowingistherequirementoftheprogram?A．Previoustrainingexperience.B．Adequateprofessionalknowledge.C．Basicswimmingabilityintheocean.D．Participationwithafamilymember.3．Whatdoweknowaboutthevolunteerschedule?A．Youdon'tneedtoworkalldaylong.B．Youhavetofollowthefixedschedule.C．Youtakeallmealsattheaccommodation.D．Youareguidedbythelocalstaffeveryday.閱讀短文，回答問題Iwalkedintomyadviser'soffice,filledupwithdisappointmentandconfusion.TherecentcareerworkshopwhereIwasgivenadviceaboutfollowingmydreamdidn'tworkformeagain.Tobecomeaprofessorofbiologyhadbeenmydreamfor22years.However,afterabout4yearsinaprogram,IdecidedIdidnotwanttogoafteracareerinresearchafterall.Ibegantoattendcareerworkshops,hopingtheywouldhavethemagicalanswersIneeded,butwithoutsuccess.Finally,Iwenttomyadviser.Afterlisteningtomydeclaim,hecalmlytoldmethatinsteadoffocusingonfindingadreamjob,IshouldthinkaboutwhatIwasgoodatandwhatmademehappyatleast80%ofthetime.Heassuredmetherewasseldomaperfectjobandeveryjobhaditsuglybits.HealsosaiditwasimportanttofindajobIwasgoodat.Iwasrelievedtofinallyhavehelpfulandpracticaladvice.ButIdiscoveredthatfindingcommongroundbetweenwhatIlikedandwhatIwasgoodatwasnoteasy.Iloveddiving,butthephysicaldemandswerechallenging.Iwasgoodatteaching,asevidencedbymyfriendsbeforeandfavorablereviewswhenIwasateachingassistant,butIdidn'tlikerepeatingthesamecontenteveryyear.Throughmyteachingexperience,however,IalsolearnedthatIlovedtellingstoriesaboutscience.MaybesciencecommunicationwouldofferwhatIwaslookingfor.Totestthewaters,duringmy"sparetime"Istartedablogaboutthehistoryofscientificdiscoveries.IfoundthatIlovedthefreedomtochoosewhattowriteabout.AsforwhetherIwasanygoodatit,thesignswerepromising.Mywritinggotnoticed,eventuallybypeopleatmyinstitution,andIwasgivenchancestowritepressreleasesandstoriesfortheuniversity'snewsoffice.After3yearsofwriting,Iwasofferedapositionasasciencewriter.Itwasnothinglikemychildhooddream.ButIwashappy—morethan80%ofthetime.4．Whywastheauthordisappointedandconfused?A．Hislife-longdreamtobeaprofessordidn'tcometrue.B．Theadvicehereceivedfromtheworkshophadnouse.C．Hedidn'tlearnthemagicfromtheworkshopsuccessfully.D．Theprogramhedidwastedhimfouryearsoftime.5．Whatdidtheauthorthinkoftheadviser'ssuggestion?A．Itwastemporarilyuseful. B．Itsoundedquiteaverage.C．Itseemedchallenging. D．Itwasofusetopractice.6．Whatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromthefourthparagraph?A．Hedidn'tlikebiology. B．Hedidn'thaveastrongbody.C．Hehadnointerestinteaching. D．Hehadgoodcommunicationskills.7．Whatkindofpersonistheauthor?A．Activeandflexible. B．Focusedandhumorous.C．Determinedandeasy-going. D．Hard-workingandindependent.閱讀短文，回答問題Aseriesoffast-movingglobaltrends,motivatedbytrillion-poundinvestments（投資）,indicatesthathumanitymightbeabletoavoidtheworstinfluencesofglobalwarming.Fromrenewableenergytomass-marketelectriccars,toplant-basedalternativestomeat,thesetrendsshowthatgreenhousegasemissions（排放）canbestopped.Nooneissayingthebattletopreventcatastrophicclimatechange—floods,droughts,famine—hasbeenwon."Theimportantthingistorecognizethatwe'reseriouslychallenged,"saysChristinaFigueres,formerUNClimateChief."Atthesametime,thefactiswe'realreadyseeingmanypositivetrends."Theworld'sappetiteformeatanddairyfoodsisrisingaspeople'sincomesrise,butunlessthisisentirelychanged,there'snowaytobeatglobalwarming.Thetasklooksdiscouraging—peoplehatebeingtoldwhattoeat.However,justinthelastyear,apotentialsolutionhasburstontothemarket：plant-basedmeat,whichhasatinyenvironmentalfootprint.Afoodthatlooksandtastesjustasgoodasmeatordairyproductsbutismadefromplants—hasattractedheavyinvestment.ItisparticularlyobviousintheUS,whereBillGateshasbackedtwoplant-basedburger（漢堡）companies.Perhapsevenmoretellingisthatmajormeatanddairycompaniesarenowpilinginwithinvestments,suchastheUS'sbiggestmeatprocessor,Tyson,andmultinationalgiantsDanoneandNestlé.TheChinesegovernmentin2017put﹩300millionintoIsraelicompaniesproducinglab-grownmeat,whichcouldalsocutemissions.Willthesetrendsmovefastenoughtoavoidtheworstofclimatechange?TheLSE'sNicholasSterniscautiouslyoptimistic,sayingthatwhathaschangedinrecentyearsistherealizationthatgreeneconomicgrowthistheonlylong-termoption.8．AccordingtoParagraph1,alargeamountofmoneyisusedto______.A．developtheeconomyoftheworldB．promotethesalesofelectriccarsC．raiseawarenessofenvironmentalprotectionD．stopthebadinfluenceofglobalwarming9．Whatisthemainpurposeoftheinventionofplant-basedmeat?A．Tochangetheeatinghabitofhumans.B．Tomeettheincreasingdemandofmeat.C．Toreducegreenhousegasemissions.D．Tosolvefoodshortageoftheworld.10．WhatisthefunctionofParagraph5inthistext?A．Toexplainthebackground. B．Tointroducethetopic.C．Tosummarizethetext. D．Tolistsomeexamples.11．Inwhichpartofawebsitecanthetextbefound?A．Environment. B．Society. C．Technology. D．Education.閱讀短文,回答問題There'snothingbetterthanawalkinthecountrysideforliftingourspirits.Connectingwithnaturehasbeenproventohelpourmentalhealth.Forsome,therefreshingthingistowalkthroughaforest,butasweadmirethetreesthatsurroundus,it'sworthknowingthesetreesaredoingmorethanjustbeingnicethingstolookat.We'realreadyawareofthebenefitsoftrees—theyproduceoxygenandcleantheairwebreathebyabsorbingaboutaquarterofallhuman-causedcarbondioxideemissions（排放）.Butthere'smoretotheseimpressiveformsofvegetationthanwemightthink.Researchershavediscoveredevidencethatprovestheyareactuallyintelligent.It'sthoughtthattreestalkandshareresourcesrightunderourfeet,usingafungal（真菌的）network.Underthegroundaretreeroots,andmixedamongthem,arethousandsofsuperfinethreadsoffungi.Andresearchhasshownthattheyareallinterconnected.Theycanhelpeachotherbysharingnutrients,andtheycanevenwarnofapproachingthreats.Scientistssayit'slikethetreesaretalkingtooneanother.EcologistSuzanneSimardhascalledthisnetworktheWoodWideWeb.Shediscoveredthatparenttreesusethisnetworktohelptheiroffspring（后代）.Shesaid,"Wefoundthattheparenttreeswouldfavourthoseoffspringbysendingthemmorenutrients."Shealsofoundthattreesaresmartenoughtochangetheirbehaviourandhavemanagedtoadaptandsurviveinachangingenvironment.Soitseemstreesreallyarethestarsofournaturalworld,andwitharoundahugenumberofthemonourplanet,it'stimetoshowthemsomerespectifwewantthemtogrowhealthily.12．What'sthebenefitofbeingsurroundedbytrees?A．Increasingourintelligence. B．Improvingourmentalhealth.C．Loweringtheriskofdiseases. D．Developingourtasteforbeauty.13．Howdotreestalktoeachother?A．Bychangingtheirbehavior.B．Bychangingtheirenvironment.C．Bywavingtoeachotherwiththeirleaves.D．Byusingthreadsoffungiundertheground.14．What'sthepossiblewayforparenttreestohelptheiroffspringsurvive?A．Theyinterconnectallthetrees.B．Theychoosethesmartestoffspring.C．Theysendtheiroffspringmorenutrients.D．Theywarntheiroffspringofapproachingthreats.15．What'sthebesttitleofthetext?A．CleverTrees. B．TheFunctionsofTrees.C．NaturalSelection. D．EnvironmentalProtection.二、閱讀七選五（本大題共5小題,共12.5分）閱讀七選五Areyoustressedout,scaredorworriedallthetime?Doyouavoidgoingtocertainplaces,seeingfriendsordoingcertainthingsbecauseofyourworries?Doyourworrieskeepyouawakeatnight?16．Anxietyisanormalandnecessarypartoflife.Anxietyisyourbrain'swayoftellingyouaboutdanger.Itisanxietythathelpsyoujumpoutofthewayifacarisspeedingtowardsyou.Butifitgetsoutofhand,anxietycangetinthewayofyougettingonwithlifeandcanbecomearealproblem.17．Anxietyisanormalpartoflife.18．Therearelotsofreasonsforthis.Onemainreasonisafterstressfulthingwhichhashappenedinyourlife.Soifyouareinvolvedinacarcrash,it'squitelikelythatyouwillbemoreworriedthanotherpeoplearoundcarsanddriving.19．Ifyourparentssufferfromanxiety,thenyouaremorelikelytobeanxioustoo.Thisisprobablypartlyduetogenetics,andpartlybecauseofhowthingsarewhenyou'regrowingup.Eventhoughpeopledon'ttalkaboutitmuch,anxietyisoneofthemostcommonmentalhealthproblems.About1in4peoplewillhaveananxietyproblematsometimeintheirlife.Ifyouhaveananxietyproblem,it'shardforotherpeopletounderstandwhysomethingthatdoesn'tworrythem,likebeinginacrowdofpeople,canbesoscaryforyou.Thiscanmakeyoufeelseparatedandlonely,aswaybecomeworseandworse.20．Theseincludetalkingtherapies（療法）anddrugs.A.Ifthisisthecaseforyou,treatmentmaybeahelpfulwayforyoutogetyouranxietyundercontrol.B.Beinganxiousalsoprobablyrunsinfamilies.C.Thegoodnewsistherearelotsofexcellenttreatmentsavailableforanxiety.D.Almosteverybodyhasacertaindegreeofanxietyincertainsituations.E.Somepeoplemayfeeluneasyifmovingtoanewplaceandsomemaygetoverlyanxiousincertainsituation.F.Thosesufferingfromanxietyneedothers'understandingbadly.G.Ifyou'veansweredyes,youmaybesufferingfromanxiety.三、完形填空（本大題共15小題，共15.0分）完形填空Jerrywasthekindofguyyoulovetohate.Hewasalwaysinagoodmoodandalwayshadsomething21．tosay.Seeingthisstylemademe22．,Iaskedhim,"Idon't23．it!Youcan'tbeapositivepersonallthetime.Howdoyoudoit?"Jerryreplied,"Eachtimesomethingbadhappens,Ihavetwo24．.Icanchoosetobea25．ortolearnfromit.Ichoosethe26．.""Yeah,right,butit'snotthateasy,"I27．."Yes,itis,"Jerrysaid."Lifeisallaboutchoices.Youchoosehowyou28．tosituations.Youchoosehowpeoplewill29．yourmood.It'syourchoicehowyoulivelife."Severalyearslater,IheardthatJerry'shomewasheldupbythreearmedrobbers.Therobbers30．him.Luckily,Jerrywasrushedtothelocalhospital.After18hoursofsurgeryandweeksofgoodcare,Jerrywasreleased.Whenherecovered,Iaskedhimwhathadexistedinhismindasthe31．tookplace.Jerryreplied,"AsIlayonthefloor,Ihadtwochoices:Icouldchoosetolive,32．todie.Ichosetolive.AnurseaskedifIwas33．toanything.Itookadeepbreathandyelled,'Bullets（子彈）'!Overtheir34．,Itoldthem,'Iamchoosingtolive.Operateonme'."Ilearnedfromhimthateverydaywehavethechoicetolivefully.35．,afterall,iseverything.21．A．interesting B．positive C．ridiculous D．special22．A．embarrassed B．confused C．a(chǎn)mazed D．curious23．A．obtain B．get C．a(chǎn)dmire D．pay24．A．chances B．ways C．options D．ideas25．A．survivor B．rescuer C．victim D．leader26．A．latter B．former C．best D．latest27．A．protested B．declared C．a(chǎn)pproved D．a(chǎn)ssumed28．A．devote B．react C．contribute D．a(chǎn)ttend29．A．check B．a(chǎn)ffect C．reply D．explain30．A．beat B．a(chǎn)rrested C．followed D．shot31．A．robbery B．killing C．a(chǎn)ccident D．mistake32．A．a(chǎn)nd B．so C．but D．or33．A．uncomfortable B．a(chǎn)llergic C．random D．close34．A．laughter B．cry C．burst D．a(chǎn)nger35．A．Hope B．Belief C．Attitude D．Dream四、語法填空（本大題共1小題，共15.0分）語法填空Nobody36．（like）tolose,butwemustacceptthatlosingispartoflife.Afterall,wecan'twinallthetime.Althoughlosingisunpleasant,itcanbeapositivething.Wecanlearnfromeveryfailure,whichmayhelpussucceedinthefuture.Butfirstwemustknow37．tobeagoodloser.Foronething,weshouldtakeapositiveattitudetowardsit.Wecanbeginbyrealizingthatlosingissometimesunavoidable.Therefore,wedon'tneedtobe38．（embarrass）.Wemustcorrectourmistakesandtryagain.39．isknowntoall,practicemakesperfect.Ifwepractice40．（lose）bycreatingchallengesfor41．（we）,wewillneverbeafraidoffailure.Foranother,weshouldbepolitewhenwelose.Ifweofferourcongratulationstothewinnerandshareinhisorher42．（happy）,ourdisappointmentwill43．（definite）goaway.All44．a(chǎn)ll,beingagoodloserwillhelpustosucceedinlife.Itmightbepainfulatfirst,buttherearemanybenefits.Goodlosers45．（respect）andadmiredand,mostimportantly,theywinintheend.五、書面表達（本大題共2小題，共40.0分）46．假如你是李華，你的英國朋友Judy最近總是感覺身體不適，來信詢問你如何保持身體健康。請你根據(jù)以下要點，鼓勵她改善身體現(xiàn)狀。要點包括：1）表示安慰；2）提出建議；3）表達祝愿。注意：1）寫作詞數(shù)應為80左右；2）開頭和結(jié)尾已為你寫好，不計入總詞數(shù)；DearJudy,Yours,LiHua47．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。續(xù)寫的詞數(shù)應為150左右。Ellawalkedintothekitchenandtwirled.Shewaswearinganewdressandfeltlikeafamousmodel.Evenbetter,itwasadressshemade!Herveryfirstpieceoffashion!"Whatdoyouthink?"sheaskedherfamily.Theyallgatheredatthekitchentableforanearlyschoolbreakfast.ThescentofFrenchToasthungintheairandmadeElla'sstomachgrumble."Isthatthesecretdressyou'vebeenworkingon?"Momasked."Yes!Thisisit!Don'tyouloveit?"Ellatwirledagain."It'sverypretty,Ella.Ican'tbelieveyoudesignedandsewedthatallbyyourself!""I'msoproudofyou!Howlongdidthattake?"Dadsaidashereachedacrossthetableforthesyrup（糖漿）bottle.Ellapulledoutherchairandsatdown."Twoweeks!ButIthinkIcouldmakethenextonefaster.""Nicejob,Ella!Ican'tbelieveyoucansewlikethat!You'reonlyeightyearsold!"Mompraised.Ellasmiledasshepouredsomesyrupoverthepancakeonherplate.Itwasgoingtobeaperfectday.Thekidsatschoolwereexcitedaboutherdress,andshegotsomenicecommentsfromsomegirls,soshewashappyaboutthat.Thedaywentbyquickly,andbeforesheknewit,shewasoutsideforthelastclassbreakoftheday.Whataperfectday!Shethoughttoherselfassheswungontheswings.Ellaleanedbackintheswingandlookedupattheblueskyfullofwhitewispyclouds.Shesmiled.Thiswouldbethefirstdressofmanythatshewouldmake.Somedayshewouldhaveherveryownfashionlinewithallkindsofclothes.Shewouldbefamousoneday.Theschoolbellrangandthebreakwasover.Allthekidsweremovingslowlytowardthedoortogobackinside.Ellasatupstraightontheswingandwaitedforittostop.Whentheswingwasclosetostopping,Ellajumpedoff.Whenshelanded,sheheardaloudrip."Ohno!"shewhisperedasshemovedherhandtothebackofherdress.Itwasripped（撕破）allthewaydowntheback!Everyonewouldlaughather.Thiswasterrible!Paragraph1：Ellaspottedherteacher,MissMiller,nearthedoor,callingherintotheclassroom.

Paragraph2："What'swrong,Ella?"MissMilleraskedwhenshereachedElla.

答案解析部分【答案】1．D2．C3．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應用文，介紹了招募志愿者的一項目?！军c評】考查閱讀理解，包含細節(jié)理解題，是一篇介紹類閱讀，注意先略讀文章，掌握文章大意，再分析題干及選項，到文中找到相關(guān)內(nèi)容并進行理解。1．考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“Thisprojectiswellsuitedtovolunteerswhowanttohelpwiththereefspeciesmonitoring,seaturtlerecoveryandweeklybeachplasticremoval.”這個項目非常適合那些想要幫助監(jiān)測珊瑚礁物種、海龜恢復和每周清理海灘塑料的志愿者?？芍谶@個項目中，志愿者可以參與到幫助提高海龜數(shù)量的工作中。故選D。2．考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Pleasenotethatyouneedtobeabletofloatandswimatleast50meters.”請注意，你需要能夠漂浮和游泳至少50米?？芍驹刚咝枰邆湓诤Ｑ笾杏斡镜幕灸芰Α９蔬xC。3．考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)Volunteerschedule部分中的“Volunteerstypicallyworkinmorningandafternoonshiftsthatlastaround3to5hourseach.”志愿者通常在上午和下午輪班，每次工作大約3到5個小時?？芍?，志愿者不需要全天工作。故選A?！敬鸢浮?．B5．D6．C7．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了作者對自己的事業(yè)方向感到迷茫和困惑，在導師的建議下，作者開始尋找自己擅長什么，以及至少80%的時間可以讓自己快樂的事情。【點評】本題考點涉及推理判斷和觀點態(tài)度兩個題型的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，考生需要根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。4．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段“Iwalkedintomyadviser'soffice,filledupwithdisappointmentandconfusion.TherecentcareerworkshopwhereIwasgivenadviceaboutfollowingmydreamdidn'tworkformeagain.”我走進導師的辦公室，心中充滿失望和困惑。在最近的職業(yè)研討會上，我得到了關(guān)于追隨夢想的建議，但這次對我還是沒有用?？芍?，作者感到失望和迷茫是因為從職業(yè)座談會上得到了對他無用的建議。故選B。5．考查觀點態(tài)度。根據(jù)第三段“Finally,Iwenttomyadviser.Afterlisteningtomydeclaim,hecalmlytoldmethatinsteadoffocusingonfindingadreamjob,IshouldthinkaboutwhatIwasgoodatandwhatmademehappyatleast80%ofthetime.Heassuredmetherewasseldomaperfectjobandeveryjobhaditsuglybits.HealsosaiditwasimportanttofindajobIwasgoodat.”最后，我去找我的導師。聽了我的豪言，他平靜地告訴我，與其專注于找一份理想的工作，不如想想自己擅長什么，至少80%的時間是什么讓我快樂。他向我保證，很少有完美的工作，每一份工作都有不完美的地方。他還說找到一份自己擅長的工作很重要；以及第四段中的“Iwasrelievedtofinallyhavehelpfulandpracticaladvice.”終于有了有用而實用的建議，我松了一口氣?？芍髡哒J為導師的建議是有用的。故選D。6．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的“Iwasgoodatteaching,asevidencedbymyfriendsbeforeandfavorablereviewswhenIwasateachingassistant,butIdidn'tlikerepeatingthesamecontenteveryyear.”我很擅長教學，這是我以前的朋友和我做助教時的好評證明，但我不喜歡每年都重復同樣的內(nèi)容?？芍髡邔虒W不感興趣。故選C。7．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段“Totestthewaters,duringmy"sparetime"Istartedablogaboutthehistoryofscientificdiscoveries.IfoundthatIlovedthefreedomtochoosewhattowriteabout.AsforwhetherIwasanygoodatit,thesignswerepromising.Mywritinggotnoticed,eventuallybypeopleatmyinstitution，andIwasgivenchancestowritepressreleasesandstoriesfortheuniversity'snewsoffice.After3yearsofwriting,Iwasofferedapositionasasciencewriter.Itwasnothinglikemychildhooddream.ButIwashappy—morethan80%ofthetime.”為了試水，我在"業(yè)余時間"開了一個關(guān)于科學發(fā)現(xiàn)歷史的博客。我發(fā)現(xiàn)我喜歡選擇寫作內(nèi)容的自由。至于我是否擅長這項工作，種種跡象表明我很有希望。我的寫作得到了注意，最終得到了我所在機構(gòu)的人的注意，我有機會為大學的新聞辦公室撰寫新聞稿和故事。寫了3年之后，我得到了一個科普作家的職位。這一點也不像我兒時的夢想。但我很快樂—80%以上的時間都很快樂.可知，作者不斷嘗試不同的職業(yè)，并根據(jù)導師的建議不斷進行調(diào)整，最終找到了適合自己的職業(yè)?？赏浦髡呤且粋€積極且會變通的人。故選A?！敬鸢浮?．D9．C10．D11．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了為了避免全球變暖帶來的最糟糕的影響，人們采取的各種舉措。【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，推理判斷和段落大意三個題型的考查，是一篇環(huán)保類閱讀，通讀全文，理解文章大意，閱讀題目后返回原文閱讀并找出與題目相對應的內(nèi)容，仔細核對，選擇符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次閱讀并檢查。8．考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“Aseriesoffast-movingglobaltrends，motivatedbytrillion-poundinvestments（投資）,indicatesthathumanitymightbeabletoavoidtheworstinfluencesofglobalwarming.”在數(shù)萬億英鎊投資的推動下，一系列快速變化的全球趨勢表明，人類或許能夠避免全球變暖帶來的最壞影響?？芍罅抠Y金被用于阻止全球變暖帶來的惡劣影響。故選D。9．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“However,justinthelastyear,apotentialsolutionhasburstontothemarket:plant-basedmeat,whichhasatinyenvironmentalfootprint.”然而，就在去年，一種潛在的解決方案突然出現(xiàn)在市場上：植物性肉，這種肉對環(huán)境的影響很小?？芍?，植物肉的發(fā)明是一個為保護環(huán)境所做的小小舉措?？赏茢啵l(fā)明植物肉為了減少溫室氣體排放量。故選C。10．考查段落大意。根據(jù)第五段“Perhapsevenmoretellingisthatmajormeatanddairycompaniesarenowpilinginwithinvestments，suchastheUS'sbiggestmeatprocessor，Tyson,andmultinationalgiantsDanoneandNestlé.TheChinesegovernmentin2017put﹩300millionintoIsraelicompaniesproducinglab-grownmeat，whichcouldalsocutemissions.”也許更能說明問題的是，大型肉類和乳制品公司正在大舉投資，比如美國最大的肉類加工商泰森食品（Tyson），以及跨國巨頭達能（Danone）和Nestlé。2017年，中國政府向生產(chǎn)實驗室培育肉類的以色列公司投資3億美元，這也可以減少排放?？芍径沃饕榻B了美國最大的肉類加工企業(yè)和中國政府已加大對新型肉類和奶制品公司的投資，而這些舉措都能減少碳排放?？赏浦?，本段的作用是列舉一些致力于減少碳排放的例子。故選D。11．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“Aseriesoffast-movingglobaltrends，motivatedbytrillion-poundinvestments（投資），indicatesthathumanitymightbeabletoavoidtheworstinfluencesofglobalwarming.”在數(shù)萬億英鎊投資的推動下，一系列快速變化的全球趨勢表明，人類或許能夠避免全球變暖帶來的最壞影響?？芍疚闹饕榻B為了避免全球變暖帶來的最糟糕的影響，人們采取的各種舉措?？赏浦?，在網(wǎng)頁的環(huán)境部分可以看到這篇文章。故選A。【答案】12．B13．D14．C15．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，研究人員已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)證據(jù)證明樹木實際上很聰明，它們通過真菌網(wǎng)絡共享我們腳下的資源，母樹還利用這個網(wǎng)絡來幫助它們的后代。【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，首先要仔細閱讀短文，掌握大意，然后結(jié)合具體的題目，再讀短文，從中找出相關(guān)信息，就可以確定正確答案。12．考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段“There'snothingbetterthanawalkinthecountrysideforliftingourspirits.Connectingwithnaturehasbeenproventohelpourmentalhealth.Forsome，therefreshingthingistowalkthroughaforest，butasweadmirethetreesthatsurroundus，it'sworthknowingthesetreesaredoingmorethanjustbeingnicethingstolookat.”沒有什么比在鄉(xiāng)間散步更能振奮精神的了。與大自然接觸已被證明有助于我們的心理健康。對一些人來說，在森林中漫步是令人耳目一新的事情，但當我們欣賞周圍的樹木時，值得知道的是，這些樹木不僅僅是賞心悅目的東西?？芍c大自然的聯(lián)系已經(jīng)被證明有助于我們的心理健康。故選B。13．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“It'sthoughtthattreestalkandshareresourcesrightunderourfeet，usingafungal（真菌的）network.”人們認為，樹木就在我們腳下，通過真菌網(wǎng)絡交流和分享資源?？芍藗冋J為樹木通過地下的真菌網(wǎng)絡交流并共享資源。故選D。14．考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的“Wefoundthattheparenttreeswouldfavourthoseoffspringbysendingthemmorenutrients”我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，母樹會給這些后代提供更多的營養(yǎng)?？芍H本樹木通過給后代輸送更多的營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)來照顧它們。故選C。15．考查主旨大意。縱觀全文可知，本文說明了研究人員已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)證據(jù)證明樹木實際上很聰明，它們通過真菌網(wǎng)絡共享我們腳下的資源，母樹還利用這個網(wǎng)絡來幫助它們的后代。“聰明的樹”作為題目最合適。故選A?！敬鸢浮?6．G；17．A；18．E；19．B；20．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，每個人在某些情況下都會有一定程度的焦慮，作者介紹了焦慮產(chǎn)生的原因和治療方法?！军c評】考查七選五，本文是一篇健康類閱讀，要求在理解細節(jié)信息的基礎上，著重考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。16．根據(jù)空前“Areyoustressedout,scaredorworriedallthetime?Doyouavoidgoingtocertainplaces,seeingfriendsordoingcertainthingsbecauseofyourworries?Doyourworrieskeepyouawakeatnight?”你是否一直緊張、害怕或擔心?你是否因為擔心而避免去某些地方、見朋友或做某些事情?你的憂慮讓你晚上睡不著嗎?；以及空后“Anxietyisanormalpartoflife”焦慮是生活中正常的一部分。G.Ifyou'veansweredyes,youmaybesufferingfromanxiety.“如果你的回答是肯定的，那么你可能正飽受焦慮的折磨。"符合語境，故選G。17．根據(jù)空前“Butifitgetsoutofhand,anxietycangetinthewayofyougettingonwithlifeandcanbecomearealproblem.”但如果它失去控制，焦慮會阻礙你的生活，成為一個真正的問題?？芍衔恼f明了焦慮是生活中常見的現(xiàn)象，然后舉例了生活中一些因為焦慮給人們生活帶來的一些麻煩，可推知下文說明控制焦慮的方法：A.Ifthisisthecaseforyou,treatmentmaybeahelpfulwayforyoutogetyouranxietyundercontrol.“如果你也有焦慮失去控制的情況，治療可能是一種有效的方法來控制你的焦慮?！狈险Z境，故選A。18．根據(jù)空前“Anxietyisanormalpartoflife.”焦慮是生活中正常的一部分?？赏浦挛恼f明日常生活中哪些情況會導致焦慮的發(fā)生，E.Somepeoplemayfeeluneasyifmovingtoanewplaceandsomemaygetoverlyanxiousincertainsituation.“如果搬到一個新的地方，有些人可能會感到不安，有些人可能會在某些情況下變得過度焦慮。"能起到承上啟下的作用，符合語境。故選E。19．根據(jù)空后“Ifyourparentssufferfromanxiety,thenyouaremorelikelytobeanxioustoo.Thisisprobablypartlyduetogenetics,andpartlybecauseofhowthingsarewhenyou'regrowingup.”如果你的父母患有焦慮癥，那么你也更有可能焦慮。這可能部分是由于基因，部分是由于你成長的環(huán)境?？芍窃谡f明焦慮在家庭中發(fā)生的情況。B.Beinganxiousalsoprobablyrunsinfamilies.“焦慮也可能有家族遺傳。"符合語境，故選B。20．根據(jù)空后“Theseincludetalkingtherapies（療法）anddrugs.”這些包括談話療法和藥物?？芍窃谡f明治療焦慮的方法，包括談話療法和藥物治療。C.Thegoodnewsistherearelotsofexcellenttreatmentsavailableforanxiety."好消息是有很多治療焦慮的好方法。"符合語境。故選C。【答案】21．B；22．D；23．B；24．C；25．C；26．A；27．A；28．B；29．B；30．D；31．A；32．D；33．B；34．A；35．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了作者的朋友Jerry是一個非常樂觀的人，即使在遇到十分兇險的情況時也依然保持著積極樂觀的心態(tài)，這種處事態(tài)度深深感染了作者，也要作者受到啟發(fā)?！军c評】考查完形填空，本題考點涉及動詞，名詞，形容詞，連詞，固定短語等多個知識點的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，要求考生在理解細節(jié)信息的基礎上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進行分析推理，從而選出正確答案。21．句意：他總是心情很好，總是有積極的事情要說。A.interesting“有趣的”；B.positive“積極樂觀的”；C.ridiculous“荒唐的”；D.special“特殊的”。根據(jù)空前"Hewasalwaysinagoodmood"和下文"Youcan'tbeapositivepersonallthetime."可知，他心情總是很好，是一個樂觀的人，所以應該是總是會說一些積極樂觀的事。故選B。22．句意：看到這種風格的人讓我很好奇，我問他："我不明白！你不可能一直都是一個積極的人。你是怎么做到的?"A.embarrassed“尷尬的”；B.confused“困惑的”；C.amazed“驚奇的”；D.curious“好奇的”。根據(jù)下文的"Howdoyoudoit?"可知，作者對Jerry發(fā)出了疑問，說明Jerry的生活方式使作者感到好奇。故選D。23．句意：看到這種風格的人讓我很好奇，我問他："我不明白！你不可能一直都是一個積極的人。你是怎么做到的?”A.obtain“獲得”；B.get“理解，明白”；C.admire“欽佩”；D.pay“償還"。根據(jù)空前“Seeingthisstylemademe2”和下文的"Howdoyoudoit?"可知，此處表示作者不理解Jerry的生活態(tài)度。故選B。24．句意：看到這種風格的人讓我很好奇，我問他："我不明白！你不可能一直都是一個積極的人。你是怎么做到的?"A.chances“機會”；B.ways“方法”；C.options“選擇”；D.ideas“主意”。根據(jù)下文"Icanchoosetobea5ortolearnfromit."可知，這是兩種選擇。此處表示每當不好的事情發(fā)生時，他都有兩種選擇。故選C。25．句意：我可以選擇成為受害者，也可以從中吸取教訓。A.survivor“幸存者”；B.rescuer“救援人員”；C.victim“受害者”；D.leader“領導者”。根據(jù)上文"somethingbadhappens"和下文Jerry家被搶劫并且受傷可推測出，在遇到不好的事情時，Jerry可以選擇成為一名受害者或是從中學習。故選C。26．句意：我選擇后者。A.latter“后面的”；B.former“前者的”；C.best“最好的”；D.latest“最近的”。根據(jù)上文可知，Jerry是一個非常積極樂觀的人，因此他做出的選擇也應該是積極向上的。很顯然"tolearnfromit"是樂觀向上的選擇，Jerry會選擇后面一個。故選A。27．句意："是的，沒錯，但沒那么容易，"我抗議道。A.protested“反對，抗議”；B.declared“聲明”；C.approved“支持”；D.assumed“假設”。根據(jù)空前"Yeah，right，butit'snotthateasy"可知，作者并不是很認可Jerry的觀點，所以這里應該是反駁Jerry的話。故選A。28．句意：你可以選擇如何應對各種情況。A.devote“致力于”；B.react“反應”；C.contribute“捐獻”；D.attend“參加，出席”。根據(jù)上文Jerry提到面對不好的事情發(fā)生時，他會有兩種選擇可知，此處講的是面對各種各樣的情況你會做出什么樣的反應。故選B。29．句意：你可以選擇人們會如何影響你的情緒。A.check“檢查”；B.affect“影響”；C.reply“回復”；D.explain“解釋”。根據(jù)上文"Lifeisallaboutchoices."和下文"It'syourchoicehowyoulivelife."可知，此處講的是你的選擇也會導致人們?nèi)绾斡绊懩愕那榫w和生活，故選B。30．句意：搶劫犯開槍打中了他。A.beat“擊敗”；B.arrested“逮捕”；C.followed“跟隨”；D.shot“射傷”。根據(jù)上文中的"Jerry'shomewasheldupbythreearmedrobbers.”杰瑞的家被三個持槍的劫匪搶劫了；以及下文中的"Luckily，Jerrywasrushedtothelocalhospital.”幸運的是，杰瑞被緊急送往當?shù)蒯t(yī)院。可推測出，搶劫犯開槍射傷了Jerry。故選D。31．句意：當他康復后，我問他，當搶劫發(fā)生時，他腦子里想的是什么。A.robbery“搶劫，盜竊”；B.killing“謀殺”；C.accident“意外，事故”；D.mistake“錯誤”。根據(jù)上文中的"Jerry'shomewasheldupbythreearmedrobbers.”杰瑞的家被三個持槍的劫匪搶劫了。可知，此處表示作者詢問的是，當被搶劫時，Jerry在想什么，故選A。32．句意：當我躺在地板上時，我有兩個選擇：我可以選擇生存，也可以選擇死亡。A.and“和”；B.so“因此”；C.but“但是”；D.o