2025版高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)練案22必修4Module4GreatScientists練習(xí)含解析外研版

必修四Module4GreatScientistsⅠ.完形填空(2024·贛州市十四縣市聯(lián)考)Iamasocialworker.Iwantedtotelleveryoneaboutmyverydearfriendwhopassedawayafewmonthsago.Imethimmanyyearsagowhiledoingmyinternship(實(shí)習(xí)期)inthecountryprison.Hewas1.Caprogramhehaddesignedtohelpprisonerswithdrugandalcoholproblems.Hewasalways2.Bnewwaystobringhopeandhelptothesemenandtheir3.B.Oneofhisfavorite4.AwastheToyDrive.HewouldruneveryChristmasforthechildrenoftheprisoners.Hedidthisfortwentyyears5.Dhissuddendeath.AslastChristmas6.C，Idecidedthatthistraditionhadtobe7.C，forthechildrenaswellasthe8.Dofmyfriend.Butthefilewherehekeptthenamesofthepeoplewhohadbeenhelpedbyhimovertheyearswas9.D.Ihadtostartanew(重新)andwithverylittle10.A!Istartedmakingphonecalls,explainingabouttheprojectandmy11.A.Iprayedeverynightthattheeventwould,12.C，beworthyofmyfriend.Tomygreat13.C，individuals,churchesandbusinessesbegantocomeonboardand,14.A，Ihadenoughtoystogivetoallthechildrenoftheprisonerswithsomeleftoverforthelocalcommunity15.B！WhenChristmasEvefinallyarrived,Ifeltveryhappy,thinkingIhaddoneallIcoulddoandreflectingonwhata(n)16.Aithadbeenforme.Iwasbagginguptheremainingtoys17.Biftherewasanyoneleftwhomightlikethem.Thenmyphonerang.Itwasmydaughter.She18.DtoexplainaboutawomansheknewinKentuckywhohadfivechildren,oneseriouslyill,nohusband,noheatinginthehome,notoys!Oh!Whatcouldwedo?MydaughterandIdroveallnight,fromNewYorktoKentucky,andthosechildrenwokeupinanicewarmhousewithplentyof19.C！Myfriend's20.Aofkindnesslivedonthatyear,reachingthewaytoKentucky!文章大意：本文主要講解并描述了作者多年前在實(shí)習(xí)期間被摯友幫助他人的精神所感動(dòng)，而在摯友逝世后接著摯友的活動(dòng)以使摯友的精神得以持續(xù)的感人故事。1．A.recording B．a(chǎn)ttendingC．directing D．improving解析：依據(jù)下文的“HewouldruneveryChristmasforthechildrenoftheprisoners.”，并與空后的“program”呼應(yīng)可推知，作者的摯友當(dāng)時(shí)負(fù)責(zé)這樣的一個(gè)項(xiàng)目。record“記錄；記載”；attend“參與；出席；到場(chǎng)”；improve“提升”；direct“負(fù)責(zé)；管理”。2．A.puttingupwith B．comingupwithC．keepingupwith D．catchingupwith解析：依據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處表示想出方法。putupwith“忍受”；comeupwith“想出”；keepupwith“跟上”；catchupwith“趕上”。3．A.group B．familyC．company D．club解析：依據(jù)下文的“HewouldruneveryChristmasforthechildrenoftheprisoners.”可推知，作者的摯友不僅幫助那些服刑的人，而且還幫助他們的家人。4．A.events B．sportsC．hobbies D．games解析：依據(jù)下文的“Istartedmakingphonecalls，explainingabouttheproject”可推知，此處作者介紹了摯友最喜愛(ài)做的活動(dòng)項(xiàng)目，與下文的“Iprayedeverynightthattheeventwould，12，beworthyofmyfriend.”。呼應(yīng)。event“事務(wù)；活動(dòng)”。5．A.after B．sinceC．because D．until解析：依據(jù)語(yǔ)境可推知，作者的摯友堅(jiān)持了20年，始終做這樣的活動(dòng)，直到最終自己突然離世。6．A.arrived B．followedC．a(chǎn)pproached D．finished解析：依據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，摯友去世后，在上一個(gè)圣誕節(jié)來(lái)臨之際，作者打算把這個(gè)圣誕傳統(tǒng)接著下去，且與下文的“WhenChristmasEvefinallyarrived”呼應(yīng)。approach“接近”。7．A.carriedout B．livedonC．carriedon D．livedout解析：參見(jiàn)上題解析。carryout“實(shí)行”；liveon“以……為生”；carryon“接著”；liveout“不住在工作場(chǎng)所；實(shí)現(xiàn)某事(指曾安排或期望的事)”。8．A.benefit B．memoryC．pleasure D．favor解析：上一個(gè)圣誕節(jié)來(lái)臨之際，為了孩子們，也為了摯友的善意行為，作者確定持續(xù)這一傳統(tǒng)。benefit“好處；好處”；memory“記憶”；pleasure“樂(lè)趣”；favor“善意的行為”。9．A.active B．extraC．hiding D．missing解析：依據(jù)下文的“Ihadtostartanew(重新)andwithverylittle10.”可推知，之前摯友所幫助過(guò)的人的信息都丟失了，作者不得不重新獲得。extra“額外的；另外的”；missing“找不到的；丟失的”。10．A.time B．pressureC．energy D．confidence解析：依據(jù)上文的“AslastChristmas6，Idecidedthatthistraditionhadtobe7，forthechildrenaswellasthe8ofmyfriend.”可知，圣誕節(jié)立刻來(lái)臨了，作者找到摯友幫助過(guò)的人的信息的時(shí)間并不多。pressure“壓力”；energy“能量”；confidence“信念”。11．A.difficulties B．impressionC．importance D．a(chǎn)tmosphere解析：在時(shí)間緊、文件丟失的狀況下，作者要接著摯友生前的活動(dòng)是困難的。impression“印象”；atmosphere“氣氛”。12．A.otherwise B．howeverC．somehow D．though解析：依據(jù)語(yǔ)境可推知，作者每晚祈禱，這樣的活動(dòng)能以某種方式配得上摯友。otherwise“否則；要不然”；somehow“以某種方式”。13．A.curiosity B．disappointmentC．relief D．thought解析：依據(jù)下文的“individuals，churchesandbusinessesbegantocomeonboard”可推知，大家都來(lái)幫忙，因此作者很寬慰。curiosity“新奇心”；disappointment“悲觀”；relief“寬慰”。14．A.eventually B．occasionallyC．a(chǎn)bsolutely D．generally解析：依據(jù)下文的“Ihadenoughtoys”可推知，作者在大家的幫助下，最終收集到了活動(dòng)所須要的足夠多的玩具。eventually“最終”；occasionally“間或；偶然；間或”；absolutely“完全地；肯定地”；generally“總體上來(lái)說(shuō)；大致”。15．A.inparticular B．a(chǎn)swellC．oncemore D．a(chǎn)tfirst解析：依據(jù)上文的“withsomeleftoverforthelocalcommunity”可推知，作者收集到的玩具不僅夠活動(dòng)本身用，還有剩余。inparticular“尤其；特殊”；aswell“也”；oncemore“再一次”；atfirst“起先”。16．A.honor B．pityC．burden D．discovery解析：依據(jù)上文的“Ifeltveryhappy”可推知，作者勝利地舉辦了圣誕節(jié)活動(dòng)，感覺(jué)能夠?yàn)槭湃サ膿从炎鲂┲档玫氖率呛艽蟮臉s幸。honor“榮譽(yù)；榮幸”；pity“惋惜”；burden“負(fù)擔(dān)”；discovery“發(fā)覺(jué)”。17．A.predicting B．wonderingC．evaluating D．realizing解析：依據(jù)上文的“Iwasbagginguptheremainingtoys”，并與本句中的if條件句呼應(yīng)可推知，作者想知道是否有人喜愛(ài)剩余的玩具。predict“預(yù)料”；wonder“想知道”；evaluate“評(píng)估”；realize“實(shí)現(xiàn)；意識(shí)到”。18．A.drove B．cameC．returned D．called解析：依據(jù)上文的“Thenmyphonerang.”和“Itwasmydaughter.”可知，是作者的女兒打來(lái)了電話。19．A.chocolates B．candiesC．toys D．flowers解析：依據(jù)語(yǔ)境可推知，作者和女兒一路驅(qū)車(chē)去很遠(yuǎn)的地方給孩子們送圣誕節(jié)玩具。20．A.spirit B．positionC．courage D．a(chǎn)ttention解析：依據(jù)上文可知，作者的摯友已經(jīng)逝世，作者通過(guò)把其生前的活動(dòng)接著下去，讓這種慈愛(ài)的精神接著存活。spirit“精神”。Ⅱ.閱讀理解(2024·石家莊市一模)WhenGitanjaliRaosharedhowshelikes“findingsolutionstorealproblems”，itwashardtoimaginethisdynamicgirlcouldsettleaproblemthathadescapedscientistsforyears.Injustthreemonths,Raocameupwithadevice(裝置)thatcanreplacethecostlyandlengthytestscurrentlyusedtoreliablydetermineleadlevelsinourfreshwater.Inspiredbythecurrentlitigation(訴訟)inFlint,Michigan,acaseofwaterpollutionfrom2014untilpresent,Raodesignedanewtestingsystemthatresultedinherbeingnamed“America'stopyoungscientist”for2024.Raohadbeenfollowingthewaterproblemforabouttwoyears.Shewasamazedbythenumberofpeopleaffectedbyleadpollutioninwaterandwantedtodosomethingtochangethis.Raospentmonthstryingtoconvincelocalhighschoolsandcollegestogiveherlabtimetocontinueherexperiment.Athome,Raoworkedonherprojectinthe“scienceroom”sheaskedherparentstocreateforher.Raohascreatedadevicethatusesthreeparts:acartridge,aBluetoothreaderandanapp.Toputitsimply,thecartridgecontainscarbonnanotubes(納米管)thatreacttolead.ThisreactionisthenregisteredbytheBluetoothreader,whichsendsasignaltoamobileappthatcantellyouimmediatelyifyourwaterissafetodrink.RaoappropriatelynamedthedeviceTethysandishopingtomakealittleimprovementtogetthedeviceonthemarket.Whilewemaynotbeawareofanyleadpollutionpresentinouragingpipelines,leadpoisoningcancausedelaysinphysicalandmentaldevelopment.WithRaobelievingthatthe“purposeofscienceistomakeadifference”，herincredibleinventioncouldmakeadifferencetomillionsofpeopleintheUnitedStates.文章大意：該文主要介紹了一個(gè)女孩獨(dú)創(chuàng)了一款可以檢測(cè)水中鉛水平的裝置，從而解決了一個(gè)科學(xué)家多年來(lái)忽視的問(wèn)題。1．WhatdoweknowaboutRao'sdevice？AA．It'scheapandquick.B．It'scheapandinaccurate.C．It'sexpensiveandreliable.D．It'sportableandtime-consuming.解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段第一句“Injustthreemonths,Raocameupwithadevice(裝置)thatcanreplacethecostlyandlengthytestscurrentlyusedtoreliablydetermineleadlevelsinourfreshwater.”可推知，與以前又貴又費(fèi)時(shí)的設(shè)備相比，Rao所獨(dú)創(chuàng)的設(shè)備既便宜又省時(shí)。與第三段最終一句“ThisreactionisthenregisteredbytheBluetoothreader,whichsendsasignaltoamobileappthatcantellyouimmediatelyifyourwaterissafetodrink.”相呼應(yīng)。故選A。2．WhatmadeRaohavetheideaofdesigningthedevice？DA．Herparents'suggestions.B．Herdesireforwinningtheaward.C．Herinterestinsettlingrealproblems.D．ThewaterpollutionlitigationinFlint.解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段其次句“Inspiredbythecurrentlitigation(訴訟)inFlint,Michigan,acaseofwaterpollutionfrom2014untilpresent,Raodesignedanewtestingsystemthatresultedinherbeingnamed‘America'stopyoungscientist’for2024.”可知，Rao設(shè)計(jì)測(cè)試水中鉛水平的裝置的想法是受一個(gè)水污染訴訟的啟發(fā)。故選D。3．Whatdothecarbonnanotubesfunctionas？BA．Sendingimmediatesignals.B．Detectingthepresenceoflead.C．Recordingthereactionresults.D．Showingthewaterqualityresults.解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段倒數(shù)其次句“Toputitsimply,thecartridgecontainscarbonnanotubes(納米管)thatreacttolead.”可推知，這個(gè)碳納米管是可以對(duì)鉛起反應(yīng)的，因此可以檢測(cè)出水中是否含有鉛。故選B。4．WhatdoestheauthorthinkofRao'sinvention？BA．ItwillleadRaotomakeafortune.B．ItwillhelpmillionsofAmericansdrinksafewater.C．ItwillpromotethedevelopmentofscienceinAmerica.D．Itwillsoonsettlethelead-pollutedproblemthoroughly.解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段中的“Whilewemaynotbeawareofanyleadpollutionpresentinouragingpipelines,leadpoisoningcancausedelaysinphysicalandmentaldevelopment.”“herincredibleinventioncouldmakeadifferencetomillionsofpeopleintheUnitedStates”和對(duì)本段的整體理解可推知，作者認(rèn)為Rao的獨(dú)創(chuàng)可以幫助人們快速檢測(cè)出水是否含有鉛，從而可以大大提高人們飲用水的平安性，意義重大。故選B。Ⅲ.七選五依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余項(xiàng)。(2024·江西省名校高三聯(lián)考)Areyouhappywithyourappearance?1.B“Almostallthegirlswithsingle-foldeyelids(單眼皮)inourclasshavehaddoubleeyelidoperations，”Zeng,aSenior2studentfromChengdu,toldXinhua.Zenghadthesamesurgerydonethissummer.2.EFrompopularphoto-editingappstoplasticsurgery(整形手術(shù)),itseemsthatlargeeyes,paleskinandaskinnybodyaretheonlystandardforbeautythesedays.Butcanfollowingthisstandardreallymakeusfeelgoodaboutourselves?3.CAccordingtoHuxiuNews,oversixintengirlschoosenottotakepartincertaindailyactivities,suchasattendingschool,becausetheyfeelbadabouttheirlooks.Asmuchas31percentofteenagersavoidspeakingupinclassbecausetheyworrythatotherswillnoticetheirlooks.Manyteenagersareupsetabouttheirappearancebecausetheybelieveinunrealisticstandardsofbeauty,expertssay.4.GSeeingallthesethingscanmakeanyonebelievethatthey'retoodark,toofat,tooshort,ortootall.However,tryingtoliveuptostrictstandardscanmakeusfeelanxious.Whattroublesusisnotjustour“imperfect”looks,butthefactthatwecriticizeourselvestoomuch.5.APlus-sizemodelsarebeingfeaturedinsomefashionshows.Allofusshouldbejustasconfidentastheyare.A．Beautycomesinallshapesandsizes.B．Someteenagersmightfeelnegativeabouttheirappearance.C．Bodyimageanxietyiscommonamongteenagers.D．Guyscarejustasmuchasgirlsdoabouttheirbodyimage.E．Sheandmanyofherclassmatesbelievebiggereyeslookmorebeautiful.F．It'scommonforteenagerstofeelconfidentabouttheirappearance.G．Perfectfacesandbodiesareeverywhereinadvertising,TVshowsandsocialmedia.文章大意：本文主要探討了青少年如何看待自己的外貌，激勵(lì)青少年要對(duì)自己的外貌有信念，美的形式各有不同。解析：1．承接上文“Areyouhappywithyourappearance？”并結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，選項(xiàng)B對(duì)此問(wèn)題作出了回應(yīng)。所以選用B選項(xiàng)。2．依據(jù)語(yǔ)境及空前一句“Zenghadthesamesurgerydonethissummer.”可知，Zeng也做了雙眼皮手術(shù)。故E項(xiàng)“她和很多同學(xué)認(rèn)為大眼睛看起來(lái)更美麗。”符合語(yǔ)境，承接上文。3．本段主要講的是很多青少年對(duì)自己的外貌不滿足，甚至感到焦慮。故C項(xiàng)“外貌焦慮在青少年中很普遍。”適合作本段主題句。4．依據(jù)空后的“Seeingallthesethingscanmakeanyonebelievethatthey'retoodark，toofat，tooshort，ortootall.”，并結(jié)合上文“unrealisticstandardsofbeauty”可推知，通過(guò)與非現(xiàn)實(shí)的美形成對(duì)比，很多青少年對(duì)自己的外貌有自卑感，與選項(xiàng)G的內(nèi)容聯(lián)系緊密。所以選用G選項(xiàng)。5．依據(jù)下文“Allofusshouldbejustasconfidentastheyare.”可知，本段主要講的是要對(duì)自己的外貌有信念，美的形式多種多樣，而不是只有一個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。所以選用A選項(xiàng)。Ⅳ.語(yǔ)法填空閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Hardlycanyousucceed1.indoingsomethingperfectlythefirsttimeyoudoit.2.Therefore/Thus，whenyoudosomethingforthefirsttime，itistimetogiveuptheideaofperfection.IrememberthefirsttimeI3.drove(drive)acarintrafficaftergettingmydriver'slicense.Iwasverynervousinthatheavytraffic—mydrivingstyleshowedthatIwasn'taveryconfidentdriver.NowI'mmuchmore4.experienced(experience)asadriver.5.Though/Although/WhileIstilldon'tconsidermyselfaperfectone，I'mmuchmoreconfident