2024-2025學年上海市某中學高三年級上冊期中考試英語試卷（含詳解）

吳淞中學2024-2025學年第一學期

高三英語學科期中質量檢測（試卷）

完卷時間120分鐘滿分140分I.ListeningComprehension

SectionA

Directions:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeach

conversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbe

spokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswers

onyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.

1.A.Toabank.B.Toatravelagency.C.Toadrugstore.D.ToSpain.

2.A.Heforgottosubmithispaper.B.Hemisrememberedthedeadline.

C.Hedidn'tfinishhispaperontime.D.Hecouldn'tfocushismindonthepaper.

3.A.Sheisamovieenthusiast.D.Sheprefersthrillerstoromances.

C.Shedoesn'tlikethrillers.D.Sheisnotinthemoodforanymovie.

4.A.Becausesheisnotgoodatcalculating.B.Becauseshehurriedtofinishthereport.

C.Becausesheisquiteacarelessperson.D.Becauseshecitedunconfirmedfigures.

5.A.Lilyforgottodeliverdiscstotheman.

B.Themanfailedtorenewtheaddress.

C.Lilyplannedtovisitthenewdormitory.

D.Thediscsmighthavebeenmailedtotheformerplace.

6.A.Thewomandoesn'tenjoytheleftovers.B.Themanisanexcellentcookinthearmy.

C.Themanhasinvitedmanypeopleforlunch.D.Themanintentionallypreparedmuchfood.

7.A.Themanshouldbemorediligent.B.Crammingiseffectiveforanexam.

C.Biologyisindeeddifficulttolearn.D.Themanshouldn'thavestayedupthatlate.

8.A.Arrangetoapply.Toranotherroom.B.Makeacomplaintaboutherroommate.

C.Askherroommatetomoveoutoftheroom.D.Changeroomswithsomeoneinthehousingoffice.

9.A.Helen'shardworkisrewarding.B.Helenisanaccomplishedjobhunter.

C.Helenalwayscomplainsaboutherjob.D.Helenisviewedasamodelbythespeakers.

10.A.EverystudentshouldvalueChineseculture.

B.Chinesestudentsarehumbleandreserved.

C.HeisdeeplyimpressedbyChineseculture.

D.Chinesestudentslackthecouragetoshareideas.

SectionB

Directions:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyouwillbe

askedseveralquestionsoneachofthepassagesandthelongerconversation.Thepassagesandthelonger

conversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,

readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothe

questionyouhaveheard.

Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

11.A.Torelocatetosafergrounds.B.Tomigratewiththeseasons.

C.Toseekmorehuntinggrounds.D.Togathermorefoodforsurvival.

12.A.ItoncebelongedtotheNorthsea.B.Itwasdrownedbythemeltwater.

C.Itwasanislandabundantinwildlife.D.Itwasunveiledbythemodemfishermen.

13.A.Polaricecapswillcontinuetomeltatarapidrate.

B.TheseafloorwitnessedtheriseandfalloftheEurope.

C.DoggerlandisthebirthplaceofEnglishcivilization.

D.Coastalresidentsarevulnerabletotheclimatechange.

Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

14.A.ScientistsinBritainaregoingtocollectrocksonMars.

B.ThediscoveryofboronisamilestoneinMarsexploration.

C.EvidenceindicatesthereexistplantsandanimalsonMars.

D.Themicroscopeismainlyusedtoidentifydifferentrocks.

15.A.Basicmoleculesforlife.B.Moreessentialchemicals.

C.Holescausedbymicrobes.D.AncientmaterialfromMars.

16.A.ThedevelopmentoflifeonMars.B.ThesearchforsignsoflifeonMars.

C.Theimportanceofresearchonrocks.D.ThediscoveryofsurfacewateronMars.

Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.

17.A.TopractiseskateboardingB.Toencourageteenagersintrouble.

C.Tosupportanon-profitorganization.D.TofulfilhisdreamoftouringEurope.

18.A.TheyservedastourguidesforJoe.B.TheykeptarecordofJoe'sjourney.

C.TheytransportedequipmentforJoe.D.TheytookcareofJoe'saccommodation.

19.A.Hecoveredaratherlongdistance.B.Hetriedtofollowhisfriends'van.

C.Hefelldownandbrokethetrainers.D.Heclimbedovertheruggedmountains.

20.A.Prepareforanothertrip.B.Resignfromhiscurrentjob.

C.Writeabookabouthisjourney.D.Renewacontractwiththeorganization.

試卷第2頁，共12頁

II.GrammarandVocabulary

SectionA

Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Forthe

blankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbest

fitseachblank.

AnexcerptfromAWalkintheWoods

Nowhere'sathingtoconsider.EverytwentyminutesontheAppalachianTrail,KatzandIwalked](far)thanthe

averageAmericanwalksinaweek.For93percentofalltripsoutsidethehome,Americansnowgetinacar.Onaveragethe

totalwalkingofanAmericanthesedays2(add)upto1.4milesaweek,barely350yardsaday.Thafsridiculous.

WhenmyfamilyandImovedtotheStates,oneofthethingswewantedwastoliveinatraditionalsmalltown一the

sortofplace3JimmyStewartwouldbethemayor,theHardyBoyswoulddeliveryourgroceries,andDeannaDurbin

wouldsingatanopenwindow.Perfectlittletownsarenoteasy4(find),ofcourse,butHanover,wherewesettled,comes

close.ItisasmalltypicalNewEnglandcollegetown,pleasantandcalm,fullofoldtrees.Ithasabroadgreen,anold-fashioned

MainStreet,ahandsomecampusandleafyresidentialstreets.Nearlyeveryoneintownis5aneasywalkofthepostoffice,

library,andstores.

Butthingsaredifferenthere:hardly6,asfarasIcantell,walksanywhereforanything.Iknowamanwhodrives

600yardstowork.Iknowawomanwhogetsinhercartogoaquarterofamiletoacollegegymnasiumtowalkonatreadmill

(跑步機)，andthencomplainspassionatelyaboutthedifficultyshehas7(spot)aparkingspace.WhenIaskedheronce_

8_shedidn'twalktothegymanddofiveminuteslessonthetreadmill,shelookedatmeasifIwerebeingdeliberately

provocative(挑釁的).“BecauseIhaveaprogramforthetreadmill,9,sheexplained.t4Itrecordsmydistanceandspeed,andI_

9_adjustitfordegreeofdifIiculty.^^Ithadn'toccurredtomehowthoughtlesslydeficientnatureisinthisregard.Atleastin

Hanovershecouldwalkifshewantedto.InmanyplacesinAmericanow,itisnotactuallypossibletobeapedestrian,10

youwanttobe.

SectionB

Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereis

onewordmorethanyouneed.

A.establishedB.dotC.infectionD.exceededE.emergingF.exposed

G.drainageH.overlookI.sinkingJ.stemK.access

TheMega-CityEnvironment

Mega-citiessufferfromacatalogofenvironmentalills.AWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)/UnitedNations

EnvironmentProgram(UNEP)studyfoundthatsevenofthecities——MexicoCity,Beijing,Cairo,Jakarta,LosAngeles,Sao

PauloandMoscow-hadthreeormorepollutantsthat11theWHOhealthprotectionguidelines.All20ofthecities

studiedbyWHO/UNEPhadatleastonemajorpollutantthatwentbeyond12sizehealthlimits.

AccordingtotheWorldResourcesInstitute,"'Millionsofchildrenlivingintheworld'slargestcities,particularlyin

developingcountries,are13tolife-threateningairpollutiontwotoeighttimesabovethemaximumbasedonWHO

guidelines.Indeed,morethan80percentofalldeathsindevelopingcountriesattributabletotheairpollution-inducedlung__

14areamongchildrenunderfive."InthebigAsianmega-citiessuchasNewDelhi,BeijingandJakarta,approximately20

to30percentofallrespiratorydiseases15fromairpollution.

Almostallofthemegacitiesfacemajorfreshwaterchallenges.Johannesburg,SouthAfrica,isforcedtodrawwater

fromhighlands370milesaway.InBangkok,saltwaterisinvadingaquifers(地下蓄水層).MexicoCityhasaserious16

problembecauseofexcessivegroundwaterwithdrawal.

Morethanabillionpeople,20percentoftheworld'spopulation,livewithoutregular17tocleanrunningwater.

Whilepoorpeopleareforcedtopayhighfeesforprivatewater,manycitiessquander(揮霍)theirresourcesthroughleakages

andillegal18."Withthepopulationofcitiesexpectedtoincreasetofivebillionby2025,“saysKlausToepfer,executive

directoroftheUNEP,“theurbandemandforwaterissettoincreaserapidly.Thismeansthatanysolutiontothewatercrisisis

closelylinkedtothegovernanceofcities.9,

Mega-cityresidents,crowdedintounsanitaryslums,arealsosubjecttoseriousdiseaseoutbreaks.Lima,Peru(with

populationestimatedat9.4millionby2015)sufferedacholeraoutbreakinthelate1990spartlybecause,astheNewYork

Timesreported,t4ruralpeoplenewtoLima...liveinhouseswithoutrunningwaterandusetheouthouses(屋夕卜廁所)that__

19thehillsidesabove.^^

Ifsworthlookingatsomeofthese20mega-citiesindetail,becausedailylifethereislikelytobethepatternfor

amajorityoftheworld'spopulation.Mostarealreadyexperiencingsevereenvironmentalproblemsthatwillonlybeworsened

byrapidpopulationincreases.

III.ReadingComprehension

SectionA

Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,Cand

D.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.

HowDoYouKnowYou'reNotintheMatrix?

AttheheartofthephilosophyofAristotleandStThomasAquinasistheideathatwecomeintocontactwithreality

throughthesenses.Butwhatifoursensesarenota(n)source?Perhapsoursensesaredeceivingus,andeverythingwe

perceiveisn'trealbutisanillusionlikeinthemovieTheMatrix.

試卷第4頁，共12頁

ThisofsenseknowledgewaspartofReneDescartes'smethodicdoubt,whichmanyradical（激進的）skeptics

haveadopted.Descartesargued:whateverIhaveuptillnowacceptedasmosttrueIhaveacquiredeitherfromthesensesor

throughthesenses.ButIhavefoundthatthesensesmaydeceiveme,anditissensiblenevertotrustcompletelythose

whohavedeceivedusevenonce.AndoneexampleDescartesgivesasevidenceisthefactthatobjectsatadistancelook

smallerthanwhattheyare.

Butthisisnotdeception.Thesenseofsightisreportingwhatitperceives.AsD.Q.Mclnemysays,“Thisisthe

senseofsightfunctioningjustasitshould,inordertogivemeaproperknowledgeofOnlywhenonemadethe

judgementthat“themanissmallandthenbecomesbig“wouldcomein.Truthandfalsitydonotsensory

perceptionbutthefactofjudgingthatperception.

AnotherwithDescartes9sreasonfordoubtingsensoryperceptionisthathereliesononlyonesensorypower.Ifs

oftenthecasethatinordertotestwhetheronesenseisdeceivingus,wemustanothersense.

Touseanexamplethatmanyradicalskepticsdotojustifytheirdoubtofsenseknowledge.Imayperceivethestick

immersedinwaterascrooked（彎曲）.HowdoIdeterminewhetherwhatIperceiveisactuallythecase?Ipickupthestick.

WhenIdoso,Ijudgethestickisactually.Butinordertomakeacorrectjudgmentaboutthestick,Iuseanothersensory

power-namely,一thatImusttrustinordertomaketheproperjudgment.

WithregardtoDescartes'sexample,inordertomakeasoundjudgmentabouttheofthemanwalkingupthe

street,Descarteswouldhavetomakecontactwithhimthroughthesenseoftouchandmeasurehim,whichrequirestrustin

senseknowledge.

Furthermore,Descartes?srecognitionoftheman'ssmallstature（身高）aspresupposeshistrustinhisprevious

sensoryexperienceoftheman'stallstature.AsRalphMclnemynotes,"'Descartesmusttrusthissensesinordertochallenge

So,ifit'sreasonabletotrustsenseknowledge,andthesensesputusintocontactwiththeworld,thenwecan

havegreatercertaintythatwhatweperceiveisobjectivelyreal.

21.A.externalB.primaryC.reliableD.alternative

22.A.disbeliefB.applicationC.branchD.command

23.A.innocaseB.outofnowhereC.byallmeansD.nowandthen

24.A.accuratelyB.independentlyC.accidentallyD.randomly

25.A.philosophyB.distanceC.natureD.life

26.A.analysisB.errorC.changeD.reflection

27.A.leadtoB.serveasC.identifywithD.liein

28.A.problemB.considerationC.advantageD.perspective

29.A.abandonB.regainC.sharpenD.employ

30.A.barelyB.wronglyC.partiallyD.completely

31.A.hollowB.straightC.thickD.bent

32.A.smellB.sightC.touchD.taste

33.A.sizeB.statusC.ageD.weight

34.A.scientificB.unusualC.reasonableD.horrifying

35.A.imaginaryB.privateC.contemporaryD.outside

SectionB

Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsor

unfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheone

thatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.

A

Aboutaquarteroftheworlddrivesontheleft,andthecountriesthatdoaremostlyoldBritishcolonieslikeAustralia,

andIreland.ButThailand,IndonesiaandJapanhavealsodevelopedthishabit.

Thisstrangequirk（奇事）puzzlestherestoftheworld;however,thereisaperfectlygoodreason.Uptothelate1700s,

everybodytravelledontheleftsideoftheroadbecauseifsthesensibleoptionforviolent,feudal（封建的）societiesofmostly

right-handedpeople.Soldierswiththeirswordsundertheirrightarmsnaturallypassedoneachother'sright,andifyoupassed

astrangerontheroadyouwalkedonthelefttoensurethatyourprotectiveswordarmwasbetweenyouandhim.

RevolutionaryFrance,however,overturnedthispracticeaspartofitssweepingsocialrethinkandthankstoNapoleon

thischangewascarriedoutallovercontinentalEurope.Becausehewaslefthanded,hisarmieshadtomarchontherightsohe

couldkeephisswordarmbetweenhimandanyopponent.Fromthenon,anycountrycolonisedbytheFrenchtooktodriving

ontheright.

AftertheAmericanRevolutionaryWar（1775-1783）,theUSbecameindependentanddecidedtomaketrafficdriveon

therightinordertocutallremaininglinkstoitsBritishcolonialpast.OnceAmericabecamethecentreofthecarindustry,if

youwantedagoodreliablevehicle,youboughtAmericanright-hand-drive.Fromthenonmanycountrieschangedoutof

necessity.

Today,theEUwouldlikeBritaintofallintolinewiththerestofEurope,butthisisnolonger-passible.Itwouldcost

billionsofpoundstochangeeverythinground.ThelastEuropeancountrytoconverttodrivingontherightwasSwedenin

1967.Thisironicallycausedareductionincaraccidents,becauseeveryonedrovecarefully,whilegettingusedtothenew

system.

36.Whydidpeopletravelontheleftbeforethelate18thcentury?

A.Theywererequiredtodoso.B.Theyweremostlyleft-handed.

C.Itwaseasiertocrossthestreet.D.Theycouldfeelsaferfromattacks.

試卷第6頁，共12頁

37.WhatwasNapoleon'sattitudeaboutwalkingontheleft?

A.Support.B.Disapproval.C.Doubt.D.Sympathy.

38.ForAmericans,drivingontherightwasawaytoshow.

A.theconnectionwithFrancewasbrokenB.theUSwasnolongerruledbytheUK

C.theAmericanRevolutionWarhadendedD.Americawasthecentreofthecarindustry

39.WhatisthemainreasonwhyUKwillnotadopttheEuropeansystem?

A.Itwouldcosttoomuchtochange.B.Itsincreasingtrafficaccidents.

C.Itsinfluenceoncolonies.D.Itsfast-developingcarindustry.

B

WelcometoLakeToba!

LakeTobaisanextraordinarynaturalwonderoftheworld.Thisenormouslakeconsistsofanislandalmostthesizeof

SingaporeInitscenter.ItisthelargestlakeinSoutheastAsiaandoneofthedeepestlakesintheworld.

AComfortingEscapade

Tobaisaplacetositback,relaxandabsorbsomebeautifulscenery.Asyousitandtakeintheviewofthepicturesque

mountainsthatsetagainstthecoolclearlake,youwillfeeltheworriesoftheworldmeltaway.

HowtoGetThere

?ByAir

Medanisaninternationalgateway.AnumberofairlinesflydailybetweentheKualanamuAirportMedanandallmajor

citiesinIndonesiaandinternationalflightsalsogofromMedantoMalaysia,Singapore,andThailand.

?ByLand

Parapat,thetownbyLakeToba,is176kmawayfromMedanandcanbereachedinunder6hoursbypublicbuses.

Travelagentsin.Medancanalsoorganizearentalcarplusachauffeur(司機)foryou.Ifyouarecomingfromthesouth

viaBukittinggiandTarutung,thereisapublicbusavailable.

?ByWater

OnceyouarriveinParapat,youcancatchtheferrytoSamosirIsland.ThetwolandingpointsonSamosirarethe

traditionalvillageofIbmok,orTukTuk,wheretheisland'shotelsandrestaurantsareconcentrated.

Attraction

TherearemanywaysforyoutoenjoyLakeToba'sbreathtakingnaturalwonders.Manypeoplesaidthatkayakingin

LakeTobaisaonce-in-a-lifetimeexperience.Commonly,therearethreeroutesthatyoucanexplorebypaddlingthekayak,

whichisTongging-Sialahi(Easy),Tongging-Samosir(Medium),andNorthernCircle(Demanding).Youcanalsosavorthecool

breezefromaroundthelakebyglamping(glamorouscamping)onTheKalderaNomadicEscape,buryingyourselfinnature

withouthavingto.botherwiththecommonhassles(麻煩)ofconventionalcamping.Moreover,youcanalsobepampered(精

心'護理）withitsfacilitiessuchasBohemian-styletents.

LakeTobaisalsohometotwoethnicgroupsofTomokandSimanindo.LocatedontheislandofSamosir,thetraditional

villageisprotectedbysurroundingbarriersofearthenramparts（城墻）withbamboofencingandtrees.Thevillageisalsohome

tomanyuniqueandauthentictraditional-houses,especiallyfromTomok,whichconsistsofarowofmassivewoodenhouses

withimpressivesaddle-shapedstrawroofs.

ThoseofyouwhoarelookingforsouvenirsmightwanttotakealookatUlos,ahandmadetextilewhichnotonlyserves

asclothing,butalsoisasignificantstatussymbol.

40.YoucangettoParapatbyfromMedan.

A.catchingaferryB.rentingacarC.takingthesubwayD.takingaplane

41.Peterisanathletewhoenjoyschallenginghimself.Whichpaddlingroutewouldyourecommendhimtotake?

A.NorthernCircle.B.Tongging-Samosir.C.Tongging-Silalahi.D.Tomok-Tongging.

42.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

A.LakeToba,aboutthesizeofSingapore,isthelargestvillageintheinSoutheastAsia.

B.Ulosistheplaceyou,shouldgotoifyouwanttobuysouvenirs.

C.CampingontheKalderaNomadicEscape,youwillfindsomeBohemian-styletents.

D.TherearemanyuniqueandtraditionalhouseswithbambooroofsonSamosir.

C

Mostmanagerscanidentifythemajortrendsoftheday.Butinthecourseofconductingresearchinanumberof

industriesandworkingdirectlywithcompanies,wehavediscoveredthatmanagersoftenfailtorecognizethelessobviousbut

profoundwaysthesetrendsareinfluencingconsumers5aspirations,attitudes,andbehaviors.Thisisespeciallytrueoftrends

thatmanagersviewasperipheraltotheircoremarkets.ExpertsfromHarvardBusinessSchoolgivesomeadvicetomanagers.

Onestrategy,knownas"infuseandaugment9,istodesignaproductorservicethatkeepsmostoftheattributesand

functionsofexistingproductsinthecategorybutaddsothersthataddresstheneedsanddesiresunleashedbyamajortrend.A

caseinpointisthePoppyrangeofhandbags,whichthefirmCoachcreatedinresponsetotheeconomicdownturnof2008.The

Coachbrandhadbeenasymbolofwealthandluxuryfornearly70years,andthemostobviousreactiontothedownturnwould

havebeentolowerprices.However,thatwouldhaveriskedcheapeningthebrand'simage.Instead,theyinitiateda

consumer-researchprojectwhichrevealedthatcustomerswereeagertoliftthemselvesandthecountryoutoftoughtimes.

Usingtheseinsights,Coachlaunchedthelower-pricedPoppyhandbags,whichwereinbrightcolors,andlookedmoreyouthful

andplayfulthanconventionalCoachproducts.Creatingthesub-brandallowedCoachtoavoidanacross-the-boardpricecut.In

contrasttothemanycompaniesthatrespondedtotherecessionbycuttingprices,Coachsawthenewconsumermindsetasan

opportunityforinnovationandrenewal.

Amoreradicalstrategyis"combineandtranscend5.Thisinvolvescombiningaspectsoftheproducfsexistingvalue

試卷第8頁，共12頁

propositionwithattributesaddressingchangesarisingfromatrend,tocreateanovelexperience-onethatmaylandthe

companyinanentirelynewmarketspace.Atfirstglance,spendingresourcestoincorporateelementsofaseeminglyirrelevant

trendintoone'scoreofferingssoundslikeifshardlyworthwhile.ButconsiderNike'smovetointegratethedigitalrevolution

intoitsreputationforhigh-performanceathleticfootwear.In2006,theyteamedupwithtechnologycompanyAppletolaunch

Nike+,adigitalsportskitcomprisingasensorthatattachestotherunningshoeandawirelessreceiverthatconnectstothe

user'siPod.BycombiningNike'soriginalvaluepropositionforamateurathleteswithonefordigitalconsumers,theNike+

sportskitandwebinterfacemovedthecompanyfromafocusonathleticappareltoanewplaneofengagementwithits

customers.

Onceyouhavegainedperspectiveonhowtrend-relatedchangesinconsumeropinionsandbehaviorsimpactonyour

category,youcandeterminewhichofourinnovationstrategiestopursue.Trends—technological,economic,environmental,

social,orpolitical-thataffecthowpeopleperceivetheworldaroundthemandshapewhattheyexpectfromproductsand

servicespresentfirmswithuniqueopportunitiesforgrowth.

43.Theunderlinedword“peripheral“inParagraph1isclosestinmeaningto.

A.marginalB.importantC.subjectD.relevant

44.Accordingtothesecondparagraph,Coachwasanxiousto.

A.followwhatsomeofitscompetitorsweredoing

B.maintainitspricesthroughoutitsrange

C.safeguarditsreputationasamanufacturerofluxurygoods

D.modifytheentirelookofitsbrandtosuittheeconomicclimate

45.WhatdoesthewritersuggestaboutNike'sstrategy?

A.Itwasanextremelyriskystrategyatthetime.

B.itwasastrategythatonlyamajorcompanycouldaffordtofollow.

C.Itwasthetypeofstrategythatwouldnothavebeenpossibleinthepast.

D.Itwasthekindofstrategythatmightappeartohavefewobviousbenefits.

46.Thebesttitleforthepassageisprobably.

A.KnowingmoreaboutyourcustomersB.Makingthemostoftrends

C.EyesonstrategiesD.Followingtheadvice

SectionC

Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Each

sentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.

HaveWeReachedPeakFish?

Seafoodisavitalsourceofproteinformorethan3.3billionpeople.TheUNFoodandAgricultureOrganization（FAO）

projectstheneedfora15%increaseinglobalfishconsumptionby2030;itsdirector-general,QUDongyu,callsthegrowthof

fisheriesandaquaculture（水產養(yǎng)殖）"vitalinoureffortstoendglobalhungerandmalnutrition^^.

There9sonebigproblem:thegrowthrateoftheglobalwild-fishcatchpeakedin1963andstabilizedinthe1990s.47

Whenitcomestothewild-fishcatch,wearemostlikelypast"peakfish”.

48Anassessmentof1,439wild-fishpopulationsfoundthat10%areonthebrinkofcollapse.Another45%are

overfishedandthereisn'tenoughinformationabouttheresttoknowifthecurrentfishinglevelsaresustainable.Overthepast

50years,theworldhaswitnessedamassivedeclineinthehealthofitsfisheries.Quitesimply,weareremovingfishfromthe

oceanatafargreaterratethantheycannaturallyreplenish（補充）.

Thereareseveralreasonswhyoceanlifefacessuchaserioushealthcrisis,includingmarinepollution,especially

hundredsofmillionsoftonsofplastics;globalheatingaffectingwatertemperature;andemissionsofCO2makingtheoceans

26%moreacidic.49

Soisaquaculturethesolutiontothepotentialseafoodshortage?

Asitturnsout,thisanswerisno.Aquaculture'sgrowthratehasbeenindeclinesince1996.Whiletheindustrydid

experiencerapidgrowthdecadesago,itsfive-yearmovingaverageannualgrowthratepeakedat14.1%in1996andisnowat

about2%,accordingtoanewstudyinFrontiersinMarineScience.50Thereareconstraints（限制）ongoodplacesto

sitefishfarms,alackofhigh-qualitywater,struggleswithcostandavailabilityoffoodforthefarmedspecies,diseaseandpest

pressure,andtheimpactoftheclimatecrisisandresultingweathervariability.

A.Thereisanother,surprisingreason:increasinghumanoppositiontoocean-basedfishfarms.

B.Aswellaspeakfish,“peakaquaculture^^mightbejustaroundthecomer.

C.Ithasbeeninslowdeclinethepastfewyears.

D.Butoverfishing,partic