Unit3CelebrationsLesson1SpringFestival被動語態(tài)課件高中英語北師大版

高一必修一英語

被動語態(tài)+主動形式

表被動意義用法被動語態(tài)(The

Passive)教材自主探究觀察以下教材原句并思考黑體部分的功能。1.SpringFestivalishighlyvaluedbyeveryChinesefamily.2.First,thehousewas

cleanedfromtoptobottom.3.MostoftheimportantSpringFestivaltraditionsarestillbeing

practisedbypeopleacrossthecountry.4.Fireworkswere

being

let

offacrossthecity,suddenlylightingupthenightsky.5.Throughouthistory,someoftheoriginalcustomshavechanged,butthespiritofthefestival—thespiritoffamily—haslargelybeen

kept.語法精要點撥一、概述1.概念語態(tài)是動詞的一種形式,它表示句子的主語和謂語動詞之間的關(guān)系。語態(tài)通常分為主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者,被動語態(tài)則表示主語是動作的承受者。2.構(gòu)成被動語態(tài)一般由“系動詞be+及物動詞的過去分詞”構(gòu)成。系動詞be本身無詞義,但有人稱、數(shù)和時態(tài)的變化。3.用法(1)不知道動作的執(zhí)行者或不必說出動作的執(zhí)行者。*Myhousehas

just

been

decorated.我的房子剛裝修完畢。(2)強調(diào)動作的承受者。*Englishis

spokenallovertheworld.全世界都說英語。(3)出于婉轉(zhuǎn)、禮貌等不提出動作的執(zhí)行者。*Muchhas

been

saidbutlittlehas

been

doneabouttheissue.關(guān)于這個問題已經(jīng)說了很多但做得很少。(4)習(xí)慣用法。這類詞常見的有born,determine,devote,seat,dress,absorb等。*Thehost

was

dressedinapin-stripedsuit.主持人穿著一身細條紋西裝。5.動詞短語的被動語態(tài)有些動詞短語相當(dāng)于及物動詞,可用于被動語態(tài)。注意，含有動詞短語的主動句變?yōu)楸粍泳鋾r,其中的介詞和副詞不可漏掉。Childrenaretakengoodcareofinourvillage.在我們村,孩子們被照顧得很好。Shewastakentothenearbyhospitalandwasoperatedonimmediately.她被帶到附近的醫(yī)院,并立即進行了手術(shù)。6.情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成形式:情態(tài)動詞+be+及物動詞的過去分詞Youshouldbepraisedbytheteacher.你應(yīng)當(dāng)受到老師的表揚。Yourhomeworkmustbehandedinthisafternoon.你的作業(yè)必須今天下午交?？键c串講一：被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成1.“be+過去分詞”構(gòu)成的被動語態(tài)

多數(shù)被動語態(tài)是由“be動詞+及物動詞的過去分詞"構(gòu)成的。be動詞本身無詞義，但有時態(tài)、人稱和數(shù)的變化。Englishisspokenbylotsofpeopleintheworld.世界上許多人都說英語。Thecupwasbrokenbytheboy.杯子被這個男孩打碎了。Anewroadwillbebuiltnextyear.明年要修一條新路。Theproblemisbeingdiscussednow.這個問題現(xiàn)在正被討論。Theysaidtheyhadbeeninvitedtotheparty.他們說他們已經(jīng)被邀請參加派對了。考點串講一：被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成2.“get+過去分詞”構(gòu)成的被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)中的be動詞有時可換成get,構(gòu)成“get十過去分詞”,常表示結(jié)果或狀態(tài)。About30passengersgotkilledinthattrafficaccident.在那次交通事故中約有30名乘客喪生。Sarah,hurryup.I'mafraidyouwon'thavetimetogetchangedbeforetheparty.薩拉，快點?？峙略谂蓪﹂_始前你沒有時間換衣服了?？键c串講二：被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成時態(tài)名稱被動語態(tài)形式一般現(xiàn)在時am/is/are+過去分詞現(xiàn)在進行時am/is/are+being+過去分詞現(xiàn)在完成時have/has+been+過去分詞一般過去時was/were+過去分詞過去進行時was/were+being+過去分詞過去完成時had+been+過去分詞一般將來時will/shall+be+過去分詞過去將來時would+be+過去分詞即學(xué)活用

用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空(1)Itissaidthattheoldbridge_________(build)manyyearsago.

(2)Thelecture____________(make)byJoeSmithinthelecturehalltomorrowmorning.

(3)Travellingtoconferences,lectures,workshops,andthelike—frequentlybyplane—_______________________

(view)asimportantwaysforscientiststogettogetherandexchangeinformation.

(4)Markisagenius.Bythetimehegraduated,he________________(offer)jobsbyadozencomputercompanies.

(5)Youcan’tusemycarbecauseit________________(repair)now.

wasbuilt

willbemade

isviewed/hasbeenviewedhadbeenofferedisbeingrepaired

即學(xué)活用

用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空(1)Itiswellknowntoallthatfootball_________(play)allovertheworld.

(2)Thismathsproblemcan___________(work)outeasilybylittleTom.

(3)Iwillgiveyouamonthtoraisetheflowers.ThenIwillseewhoseflowergrowsbest.Thewinner______________(buy)afavoritegift.

(4)Sofar,manyman-madesatellites______________

(send)intospacebyChina.

(5)Thefatherwenttotheshopattheparkwherethefestival______________(hold),andboughtakiteandarollofthreadforhisson.

isplayed

beworked

willbeboughthavebeensentwasbeingheld三、被動語態(tài)的高頻考點1.感官動詞和使役動詞have,make,let主動語態(tài)的賓語補足語是不帶to的不定式,變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時,該不定式前要帶to。*Theteachermade

me

gooutoftheclassroom.→Iwas

made

to

gooutoftheclassroombytheteacher.老師讓我走出教室。即學(xué)活用

句型轉(zhuǎn)換/完成句子(1)Theteachermadetheboycorrectthemistakesinhiscomposition.→Theboy___________________themistakesinhiscompositionbytheteacher.

(2)TomissaidtohavestudiedinParisforfouryears.→_____________TomhasstudiedinParisforfouryears.

(3)IgavehimsomepracticaladviceonhowtomemorizeEnglishwordsefficiently.→_____________somepracticaladviceonhowtomemorizeEnglishwordsefficientlybyme.

→_______________________________himonhowtomemorizeEnglishwordsefficientlybyme.

(4)我跟孩子們玩的時候把表弄壞了。____________________whenIwasplayingwiththechildren.

wasmadetocorrect

Itissaidthat

Hewasgiven

Somepracticaladvicewasgivento

Mywatchgotbroken

四、被動語態(tài)的注意事項1.謂語動詞的主動形式表示被動意義。(1)英語中有很多動詞,如sell,wash,open,lock,read,write等,當(dāng)它們被用作不及物動詞來描述主語特征時,常用其主動形式表達被動意義,主語通常是物。*Thiskindofclothwasheswell.這種布很好洗。*Thepenwritessmoothly.這支鋼筆寫起來很流暢。(2)表示“發(fā)生、進行”等的不及物動詞和短語,如happen,last,takeplace,breakout,comeout,comeabout,cometrue,runout,giveout,turnout等用主動形式表示被動意義。*Greatchangeshave

taken

placeinmyhometowninthepastfewyears.在過去的幾年里,我的家鄉(xiāng)發(fā)生了巨大的變化。*Afirebroke

outinthishotellastnight.昨天夜里這家旅館發(fā)生了火災(zāi)。(3)系動詞沒有被動形式,有些表示感受、感官的連系動詞如feel,sound,taste,look等在主系表結(jié)構(gòu)中常以主動形式表示被動意義。*Thedecorations

lookelegant.這些裝飾品看起來很高雅。(4)在need,want,require等詞的后面,動名詞用主動形式表示被動意義,其含義相當(dāng)于動詞不定式的被動形式。*Thehouseneedsrepairing/to

be

repaired.這間房子需要修理。2.不用被動語態(tài)的三種情況。(1)不及物動詞或不及物動詞短語無被動語態(tài),常見的有appear,die,disappear,rise,end,fail,happen,last,lie,remain,sit,spread,stand,breakout,cometrue,fallasleep,loseheart,takeplace等。*I’mconvincedthatmydreamwillcome

true.我堅信我的夢想會實現(xiàn)。*Thecustom

remainsinsomeareasofthecountry.這個習(xí)俗在這個國家的一些地區(qū)仍然保留著。(2)有些及物動詞和及物動詞短語不能用于被動語態(tài),常見的有fit,have,hold,own,wish,cost,agreewith,arriveat/in,shakehandswith,succeedin,sufferfrom,takepartin,belongto等。*Thefirecrackers

costmeabout200yuan.這些鞭炮花了我大約200元。*Asisknowntoall,Chinabelongs

todevelopingcountries.眾所周知,中國屬于發(fā)展中國家。即學(xué)活用

單句語法填空/完成句子(1)Thiskindofcloth_____(sell)well.(2)Theidea_______(sound)nice.Let’sputitintopracticeassoonaspossible.(3)Thenewly-plantedtreesneed_____________________(water)immediately.

(4)Thejacket_____(cost)himmorethan$100.(5)我的T恤很好洗,我的褲子不需要洗,所以我今天幾乎不需要洗衣服。MyT-shirt___________andmytrousersdon’tneed____________________,soIhardlyneedtodowashingtoday.

sells

sounds

watering/tobewateredcost

washeswell

washing/tobewashed語法對接高考Ⅰ.用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.(2023?新高考Ⅰ卷?閱讀理解B)Withinweeks,ithadallbeendigested,andallthat________(leave)waspurewater.

2.(2023?新高考Ⅰ卷?完形填空)AsforBailey,sheismorecuriousaboutwhyheract_____________(consider)abigdeal.

3.(2023?全國甲卷?閱讀理解B)ThoughDIY____traditionally__________(see)asmalehobby,theresearchshowsitiswomennowleadingthecharge.

wasleft

isconsidered

has

beenseen

4.(2023?全國甲卷?語法填空)Carsonprovesthatasimpleliteraryformthathasbeenpasseddownthroughtheagescanstill____________(employ)todaytodrawattentiontoimportanttruths.

5.(2023?浙江1月高考?閱讀理解A改編)Allcampsessions___________(create)withage-appropriate(適齡的)activitiesthataresuitableforthemultiplewaysthatkidslearn.

beemployed

arecreated

Ⅱ.單句寫作1.(2023?新高考Ⅰ卷?閱讀理解B)Whenhegot