人教課標(biāo)新教材必修3-Unit-2-單元整體提升(人教版2019必修第三冊(cè))

人教課標(biāo)新教材必修3UNIT2MORALSANDVIRTUES單元整體提升moral

adj.道德的;道義上的→

___________adv.道義上;道德上→___________

adj.不道德的;邪惡的

2.

precious

adj.珍稀的;寶貴的→___________

adv.過分講究地;昂貴地

3.

marryv.

(和某人)結(jié)婚;嫁;娶→___________

adj.

已婚的

→___________

n.結(jié)婚;婚姻morallyimmoralpreciouslymarriedmarriage4.

major

adj.主要的;重要的;大的→___________

n.

大部分;大多數(shù)5.complainvi&vt.抱怨;埋怨;發(fā)牢騷→___________

n.不滿的原因;抱怨;埋怨6.respond

v.回答;回應(yīng)→___________

n.反應(yīng);回答;回復(fù)7.rejectvt.拒絕接受；否決→___________n.拒絕接受；否決majoritycomplaintresponserejection8.appoint

vt.任命;委派;安排→___________

n.約會(huì);約定;任命→___________

adj.被任命的9.tense

adj.神經(jīng)緊張的;擔(dān)心的→

_____________ n.緊張關(guān)系;緊張;焦慮10.retire

vt.&vi.退休;退職;退出→_____________ adj.已退休的→_____________ n.退休11.scare

vt.驚嚇;使害怕vi.受驚嚇→_____________ adj.嚇人→_____________ adj.害怕的;對(duì)……感到驚慌或恐懼的tensionretiredscaringscaredappointed1.__________________道德困境2.__________________易于做某事;往往會(huì)發(fā)生某事3.__________________含著淚;流著淚4.__________________……絆倒5.__________________幫助某人渡過難關(guān)6.__________________幫助某人脫離(困境)7.__________________作為……的紀(jì)念8.__________________處于絕望中9.__________________大量10.__________________去世m(xù)oraldilemmatendtodosth.intearstripovercarrysb.throughsth.helpsb.outofinmemoryofindespairagreatdeal(of)passaway1.比較級(jí)與否定詞連用,表示最高級(jí)Toapersonnothingismorepreciousthantheirlife.(P16)2.名詞前有序數(shù)詞修飾，多用不定式作后置定語SheimmediatelybecamethefirstwomanevertobehiredasaresidentphysicianintheOB-GYNdepartmentofthePUMCHospital.(P16)3.sb.beseendoingsth.某人被看見正在做某事Attimesshewasevenseenridingadonkeytofarawayvillagestoprovidemedicalcare.(P16)4.not...until...直到……才……

DrLindidnotretireuntilthedayshedied,22April1983.(P17)

1.majorityn.

大部分；大多數(shù)

Atage18,insteadoffollowingthetraditionalpathofmarriagelikethemajorityofgirls,shechosetostudymedicine.（P16）the/amajorityof 大多數(shù)的inthemajority 占多數(shù)majoradj.

主要的minorityn.少數(shù)，少部分aminorityof少數(shù)的……

minoradj.次要的【語境應(yīng)用】單項(xiàng)選擇。One-thirdofthecountry_____coveredwithtreesandthemajorityofthecitizens_____blackpeople.A.is;areB.is;isC.are;areD.are;is2.complainvi.&vt.抱怨;發(fā)牢騷Whyshouldgirlslearnsomuch?Findingagoodhusbandshouldbetheirfinalgoal!herbrothercomplained,thinkingofthehightuitionfees.(P16)complaintosb. 向某人訴說complainabout/ofsth. 抱怨……complaint n.投訴，抱怨，怨言

makeacomplaintabout 對(duì)……提出投訴【語境應(yīng)用】翻譯句子。1)I’mgoingtocomplaintothemanageraboutthis.

_________________________________________2)Shecomplainedthatnoonehadbeenattheairportto

meether._________________________________________3)Mymotherhasbeencomplainingofseriousheadaches._________________________________________我要向經(jīng)理投訴這件事。她抱怨說沒有人到機(jī)場接她。我媽媽一直抱怨說頭痛得厲害。3.tendvt.照顧；照料vi.傾向；趨于

Shewasinterestedintendingpatients,punishingmedicalresearchoncareforwomenandchildren.(P17)tendsb./sth. 照料/照看某人/某物tendtodosth. 易于做某事tendto/toward(s)sth. 傾向……的趨勢tendency n.傾向，趨勢

haveatendencytodosth. 有做某事的傾向【語境應(yīng)用】根據(jù)所給漢語補(bǔ)全下列句子。1)人們普遍傾向于做他們擅長或喜歡的事情。

Generally,people_________

dowhattheyaregoodat

doingorwhattheylikedoing.2)西蒙的很多朋友認(rèn)為他的觀點(diǎn)趨于偏激。ManyofSimon’sfriendsthinkhisview______________

theextreme.3)當(dāng)人們不同意大衛(wèi)的觀點(diǎn)時(shí)，他就容易生氣。David_________

getangrywhenpeopledisagreewith

him.tendtotendstowards/totendsto4.replacevt.接替;取代;更換ThestudentunionwillholdaspecialmeetinginJanuarytoelectsomeonetoreplacethesecretary.(P17)

replacesth.with/bysth.用某物代替某物taketheplaceof=takeone’splace取代inplaceof代替；取代【語境應(yīng)用】完成句子。1)Theyreplacedtheirbelovedoldcars_____________expensivenewsportscars.2)Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology，humanbeings_____________byrobotsinthefuture.3)Iwishthatsportsdaycouldbeabandonedand_____________withsomeotherlesscompetitiveevent.withwillbereplacedreplaced5.harmn.&v.傷害；損害Istherenooneinthisvillagewhofeelsanyresponsibilitytokeeptheirneighboursfromharm?do/causeharmto對(duì)造成傷害Thereisnoharmindoing

……做某事無害處harmfuladj.

有害的，造成傷害的beharmfulto對(duì)……有害【語境應(yīng)用】根據(jù)漢語意思補(bǔ)全下面句子。1)

他永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)傷害任何人。Hewouldnever________________________.2)

這起訴訟案件將損害我的生意。Thecourtcasewill________________________my

business.

3)

打扮一下不會(huì)對(duì)你有任何壞處。Itwouldn’t________________________todressyourself

up.

doharmto/beharmfultodoyouanyharmharmanyone/anybodycarrysb.throughsth.幫助某人度過難關(guān)ThesewordsofDrLinQiaozhigiveusalookintotheheartoftheseamazingwoman,andwhatcarriedherthroughalifeofhardchoices.(P16)carrythrough 完成;進(jìn)行到底carryout 執(zhí)行，實(shí)行;貫徹;實(shí)現(xiàn)carryon 開展;維持;繼續(xù)carryforward 繼承，弘揚(yáng)carryaway 拿走;帶走;使激動(dòng);使著迷carryoff 搶走;竊走;贏得;摘得獎(jiǎng)牌;完成【語境應(yīng)用】用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~或副詞填空。1)

Sorry,Iinterruptedyou.Pleasecarry________.2)Turnoffthewatersupplybeforecarrying________repairs.3)Intheend,itwasherbeliefinjusticethatcarriedher________.4)Theactivityisaimedatcarrying________theChinesetraditionalculture.onoutthroughforward2.passaway去世Sadly,DrBethunepassedawayinNovemberthefollowingyearandwereburiedinShijiazhuang.(P18)

passsth.ontosb. 將某物交給某人passsth.down 將某物一代代流傳下來passby 路過;(時(shí)間)過去passout 分發(fā);分配;暈倒passdown 傳下來【語境應(yīng)用】用以上pass短語的適當(dāng)形式填空。1)Thetraditionhas________________fromfathertosonforgenerations.2)_______thebook_______tomewhenyou’vefinishedwithit.3)ItreallymadeusshockedthatMrsGreen________________inhersleeplastnight.4)Whatmademeangrywasthathe________________withoutgreetingme.beenpasseddownPassonpassedawaypassedby3.agreatdeal

(of)大量Afteragreatdealofefforts,shefinallysucceededin

movingittothesideofthestreet.(P20)常用來修飾不可數(shù)名詞的單詞或詞組

much；a(great)

deal

of；abitof；a(n)(large)amount

of/amountsof【語境應(yīng)用】翻譯下列句子。1)這個(gè)項(xiàng)目節(jié)省了大量的資金。2)我們村比他們村富裕多了。Agreatdealofmoneyhasbeensavedfortheproject.Ourvillageisagreatdealricherthantheirvillage.4.inmemoryof作為對(duì)……的紀(jì)念A(yù)fterDrBethune’sdeath,ChairmanMaowroteanarticleinmemoryofhim,inwhichhepraisedDrBethuneasaherotoberememberedinChina.(P18)

inpraisedof 贊美；歌頌inhonourof 紀(jì)念；向……表達(dá)敬意insearchof 尋找inchargeof 負(fù)責(zé)；掌管【語境應(yīng)用】根據(jù)所給的漢語提示完成下列句子。1)為了紀(jì)念這位著名的作家，他們興建了這所學(xué)校。Theyfoundedtheschool___________________________.2)為了尋求更好的生活，他已經(jīng)下定決心去上海。

Hehas

madeuphismindtogotoShanghai

___________________________.insearchofabetterlifeinmemoryofthefamouswriter1.先行詞為抽象地點(diǎn)的定語從句Amoraldilemmaisasituationinwhichyouhavetwoormoredifficultchoicestomake.(P14)當(dāng)先行詞是stage，point，case，situation，position，job，business，scene等表示抽象地點(diǎn)的名詞，并且定語從句缺少狀語時(shí)，常用關(guān)系副詞where來引導(dǎo)定語從句，相當(dāng)于inwhich。抽象名詞后面的定語從句若缺少主語或賓語則用that/which來引導(dǎo)?！菊Z境應(yīng)用】單句語法填空。1)Theirchildrenatthestage___________shecansayindividualwordsbutnotfullsentences.(2019天津高考)2)Withthedevelopmentoftourism,securityisbecominga

keypoint___________touristsareconcernedabout.3)Ourclassisawarmfamily,___________wecareforandencourageeachother.4)Whenwegettothepoint

___________Iwasstayingupreallylateatnighttogetmyworkdown.wherethat/whichwherewhere2.the+序數(shù)詞+名詞+todosth.In1941,

DrLinbecamethefirstChinesewomanevertobeappointeddirectoroftheOB-GYNdepartmentofthePUMCHospital…(P16)當(dāng)中心詞是序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)等修飾或前有thenext，theonly，thelast等時(shí)，常用不定式作后置定語。動(dòng)詞不定式作定語用來修飾的詞多為抽象名詞，常見的有：ability，chance，ambition，offer，anxiety，answer，reply，attempt，belief【語境應(yīng)用】單句語法填空。Heisalwaysthefirst____________(answer)questions.AsfarasIknow,Amythefirstperson____________(witness)thecaraccident.3)Theability____________(express)anideaisasimportantas

theideaitself.

toanswertowitnesstoexpress3.比較級(jí)與否定詞連用表最高級(jí)

Toaperson,nothingismoreimportantthantheirlife.(P16)【語境應(yīng)用】完成句子。1)在我看來，健康是最重要的。

Inmyopinion,___________________________healthinlife.2)沒有什么比那更難了。___________________________thanthat.3)Nothingis______(easy)thantocheatoneself.

再?zèng)]有什么比欺騙自己更容易的了。nothingismoreimportantthanNothingismoredifficulteasier4.sb.beseendoingsth.某人被看見正在做某事

Attimesshewasevenseenridingadonkeytofarawayvillagestoprovidemedicalcare.(P16)

與see類似的表示感覺和心理狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞，如hear、feel、smell、watch、find等，其后都可接“賓語+動(dòng)詞-ing形式”構(gòu)成的復(fù)合賓語結(jié)構(gòu)，動(dòng)詞-ing形式充當(dāng)賓語補(bǔ)足語，用來補(bǔ)充說明賓語的動(dòng)作和情況。

eg.Weoftenseeherdancinginfrontofthepublic.【語境運(yùn)用】用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式完成句子。1)Wesawtheteacher_______(make)theexperiment.2)IheardanEnglishsong__________(sing)byalittlegirlwhenIpassedbyherroomyesterday.makingbeingsung

動(dòng)詞-ing形式是非謂語動(dòng)詞的一種，兼有動(dòng)詞和形容詞的特征，在句中可作表語，定語，賓語補(bǔ)足語和狀語，一般表示進(jìn)行或主動(dòng)的意思。動(dòng)詞-ing形式用作狀語時(shí)，其邏輯主語必須與句子的主語一致，動(dòng)詞-ing形式所表示的動(dòng)作和句子的主語是主動(dòng)關(guān)系。動(dòng)詞-ing形式在句中可以作時(shí)間、原因、條件、讓步、方式、伴隨、程度和結(jié)果狀語。動(dòng)詞-ing形式作狀語1.作時(shí)間狀語

eg.Seeing

thepolice,hemadearunfortheexit.

一看到警察，他就朝出口奔去。2.作原因狀語

eg.Being

ill,hedidn’tgotoschoolyesterday.

因?yàn)樯×耍蛱鞗]有上學(xué)。3.作條件狀語

eg.Turning

totheleft,youwillseeaschool.

向左轉(zhuǎn)你就會(huì)看到一所學(xué)校。4.作讓步狀語

eg.Granting

thistobetrue,wecannotexplainit.

雖然我們承認(rèn)這是事實(shí)，卻無法予以說明。5.作方式狀語

eg.Yougavemesuchafrightcreepinguponmelikethat!

你那樣不聲不響地從后面過來，嚇我一跳！6.作結(jié)果狀語

eg.Thechildfell,strikinghisheadagainstthedoorandcuttingit.

那孩子跌倒了，頭碰在門上磕破了。7.作伴隨狀語

eg.Thelittleboywentupstairs,trailinghisteddybearbehindhim.

那個(gè)小男孩走上樓去，身后拖著他的玩具熊。

Emmawassittinginanarmchairreadingabook.

Emma坐在一張扶手椅上看書。Attention:動(dòng)詞-ing形式（短語）作狀語時(shí)，要注意它的時(shí)間性，即注意是用一般式（doing）還是用完成式（havedone）。當(dāng)動(dòng)詞-ing形式的動(dòng)作與謂語動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生時(shí)，用一般式；當(dāng)它的動(dòng)作先于謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)，用完成式。egWalkinginthestreet,Imetanoldfriendofmine.走在大街上時(shí)，我遇到了一位老朋友。

Havingfinishedtheletter,hewenttopostit.他寫完信后就把它寄了出去。動(dòng)詞-ing形式的時(shí)態(tài)使用動(dòng)詞-ing形式的主動(dòng)式（doing/havingdone）還是被動(dòng)式（beingdone/havingbeendone），這主要取決于現(xiàn)在分詞和句子主語之間的關(guān)系。通常，句子的主語就是動(dòng)詞-ing形式的邏輯主語。eg.Wewalkedalongtheriverbank,talkingandlaughing.我們沿河岸有說有笑地走著。（主動(dòng)）Beingrepairednow,thecomputercan’tbeused.由于現(xiàn)在正在修理，這臺(tái)電腦不能用了。（被動(dòng)）動(dòng)詞-ing形式的語態(tài)賓語補(bǔ)足語位于賓語之后，補(bǔ)充說明賓語是什么或怎么樣，與賓語有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。We

cansee

aboy

singing

inthepicture.賓語補(bǔ)足語主語謂語賓語動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語eg.Wecanseeherlisteningtomusic.

Thepolicecaught

themanstealing

themoney.

Attention:動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)，常和表示感觀和心理狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞see,notice,watch,lookat,observe,hear,listento,smell,feel,find,catch等動(dòng)詞后與一個(gè)名詞（代詞）構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語。在see，hear，feel，watch等感官動(dòng)詞后，既可用動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語，也可用不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語。用動(dòng)詞-ing形式時(shí)，表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行；用不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式時(shí)，表示動(dòng)作經(jīng)常發(fā)生或動(dòng)作從開始到結(jié)束的全過程。egIsawhimgettingoutofthecar.我看見他正在下車。Isawhimgetoutofthecar.我看見他下車了。eg.I’msorrytohavekeptyouwaitingforsolong.不好意思讓你等這么久。Hisfatherdonotlethimsmoke.他父親不讓他抽煙。

動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)，也常和表示使役的動(dòng)詞keep，get，leave，set，have等動(dòng)詞后與一個(gè)名詞（代詞）構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語，表示，“使……一直處于某種狀態(tài)”。選擇括號(hào)內(nèi)合適的內(nèi)容填空。1.Cleanthedesk,Peter!Don'tjuststandthere________(doing,todo)nothing!2.Joehurthisknee________(playing,toplay)football,soheisn'tabletotakepartinthesportsmeettomorrow.3.Not________(knowing,toknow)whattodo,Icalledmyfriendtoaskherforadvice.4.While________(walking,towalk)toschool,theysawmanybeautifulflowers.doingplayingknowingwalking5._____________(Havingspent,Spent)mostofhislifeinLondon,Samhasnowgonetoliveinasmallvillage.6.Theboy________(injuring,injured)intheaccidentwastakentothehospitalimmediately.7.Theman________(sitting,tosit)nexttomeontheplanewasasleepmostofthetime.8.Thewaitingroomwasemptyexceptforanoldman________(sitting,tosit)inthecorner________(reading,toread)amagazine.HavingspentinjuredsittingsittingreadingTherehasbeenadramaticriseinthenumberofextremeweathereventsoverthepast20years,causedlargelybyrisingglobaltemperatures,accordingtoanewreportfromtheUnitedNations.From2000to2019,therewere7,348majornaturaldisastersaroundtheworld,____________(result)inUSD2,970billionineconomicloss.Muchofthisincreasecanbeduetoclimatechange.

(2021北京卷)resulting2.Iwasupsettolearnthatmanyseaanimalseatplasticgarbage,__________(think)itisfood.(2021新高考卷II)3.Later,theylearnedtoworkwiththeseasons,plantingattherighttimeandindryareas,___________(make)useofannualfloodstoirrigate(灌溉)theirfields.(2020浙江卷)4.Nervously_________(face)challenges,IknowIwillwhispertomyselfthetwosimplewords“Beyourself”.

(2019北京卷)5.Whenwegotacall_________(say)shewasshort-listed,wethoughtitwasajoke.(2019新課標(biāo)Ⅱ)thinkingmakingfacingsayingTwomostpreciousdiamondsAnoldmanwaswalkingaroundamarket,wherehesawafinecamel.Hewantedtobuyit,sohewenttotheownerofthecamelandboughtithome.Onreachinghome,theoldmanaskedhissontoremovethesaddle(鞍).Whiledoingit,thesonfoundasmallbaghiddenunderthesaddle,inwhichthereweremanypreciousdiamonds(鉆石).Thesonaskedhisfathertokeepthe如何寫故事評(píng)論【寫作任務(wù)】閱讀下面一則故事，寫一篇讀后感。diamondsforhimself,buttheoldmansaidtohim,“Ijustpaidforthecamel,notforthediamonds.Imust