2021高考英語(yǔ)昆明市(三月)閱讀類(lèi)課外自練(1)及答案

2021高考英語(yǔ)昆明市（三月）閱讀類(lèi)課外自練（1）及答案閱讀下列四篇短文，從每小題后所給的A,B,C或D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。HowRoomDesignsAffectOurWorkandFeelingsArchitectshavelonghadthefeelingthattheplacesweliveincanaffectourthoughts,feelingsandbehaviors.Butnowscientistsaregivingthisfeelinganempirical(閱歷的,實(shí)證的)basis.Theyarediscoveringhowtodesignspacesthatpromotecreativity,keeppeoplefocused,andleadtorelaxation.Researchesshowthataspectsofthephysicalenvironmentcaninfluencecreativity.In2007,JoanMeyers-LevyattheUniversityofInadditiontoceilingheight,theviewaffordedbyabuildingmayinfluenceanoccupant’sabilitytoconcentrate.NancyWellsandhercolleaguesatCornellUniversityUsingnaturetoimprovefocusofattentionoughttopayoffacademically,anditseemsto,accordingtoastudyledbyC.KennethTanner,headoftheSchoolDesign&PlanningLaboratoryattheUniversityofGeorgia.Tannerandhisteamfoundthatstudentsinclassroomswithunblockedviewsofatleast50feetoutsidethewindowhadhigherscoresontestsofvocabulary,languageartsandmathsthandidstudentswhoseclassroomsprimarilyoverlookedroadsandparkinglots.Recentstudyonroomlightingdesignsuggeststhatdim(暗淡的)lighthelpspeopletoloosenup.Ifthatistruegenerally,keepingthelightlowduringdinneroratpartiescouldincreaserelaxation.ResearchersofHarvardSofarscientistshavefocusedmainlyonpublicbuildings.“Wehaveaverylimitednumberofstudies,sowe’realmostlookingattheproblemthroughastraw(吸管),”architectDavidAllisonsays.“Howdoyoutakeanswerstoveryspecificquestionsandmakebroad,generalizeduseofthem?That’swhatwe’reallstrugglingwith.”1.WhatdoesJoanMeyers-Levyfocusoninherresearch?A.Light.B.Ceilings.C.Windows.D.Furniture.2.Thepassagetellsusthat.A.theshapeoffurnituremayaffectpeople’sfeelingsB.lowerceilingsmayhelpimprovestudents’creativityC.childreninadimclassroommayimprovetheirgradesD.studentsinroomswithunblockedviewsmayfeelrelaxed3.Theunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphprobablymeansthat.A.theproblemisnotapproachedstepbystepB.theresearchessofarhavefaultsinthemselvesC.theproblemistoodifficultforresearcherstodetectD.researchinthisareaisnotenoughtomakegeneralizedpatterns4.Whichofthefollowingshowstheorganizationofthepassage?CP:CentralPointP:PointSp:Sub-point(次要點(diǎn))C:Conclusion【參考答案】1—4、BADC閱讀下列四篇短文，從每小題后所給的A,B,C或D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。The2022LondonOlympicshadenoughproblemstoworryabout.Butonemorehasjustbeenadded—acommunicationsblackoutcausedbysolarstorms.AfteraperiodofcalmwithintheSun,scientistshavedetectedthesignsofafreshcycleofsunspotsthatcouldpeakin2022,justintimeforthearrivaloftheOlympictorchinLondon.NowscientistsbelievethatthispeakcouldresultinvastsolarexplosionsthatcouldthrowbillionsoftonsofchargedmattertowardstheEarth,causingstrongsolarstormsthatcouldjamthetelecommunicationssatellitesandinternetlinkssendingliveOlympicbroadcastfromLondon.“TheSun’sactivityhasastronginfluenceontheEarth.TheOlympicscouldbeinthemiddleofthenextsolarmaximumwhichcouldaffectthefunctionsofcommunicationssatellites,“saidProfessorRichardHarrison,headofspacephysicsattheRutherfordAppletonLaboratoryinOxfordshire.Atthepeakofthecycle,violentoutburstscalledcoronalmassejections(日冕物質(zhì)拋射)occurintheSun’satmosphere,throwingoutgreatquantitiesofelectrically-chargedmatter.“Acoronalmassejectioncancarryabilliontonsofsolarmaterialintospaceatoveramillionkilometresperhour.Sucheventscanexposeastronautstoadeadlyamount,candisablesatellites,causepowerfailuresonEarthanddisturbcommunications,”P(pán)rofessorHarrisonadded.Theriskisgreatestduringasolarmaximumwhenthereisthegreatestnumberofsunspots.NextweekinAmerica,NASAisscheduledtolaunchasatelliteformonitoringsolaractivitycalledtheSolarDynamicsObservatory(SDO),whichwilltakeimagesoftheSunthatare10timesclearerthanthemostadvancedtelevisionsavailable.TheRutherfordAppletonLaboratoryhelpedtomakethehigh-techcamerasthatwillcaptureimagesofthesolarflares(太陽(yáng)耀斑)andexplosionsastheyoccur.ProfessorRichardHoldaway,thelab’sdirector,saidthattheSDOshouldbeabletoprovideearlywarningofasolarflareorexplosionbigenoughtoaffectsatellitecommunicationsonEarth.“Ifwehaveadvancewarning,we’llbeabletoreducethedamage.Whatyoudon’twantisthingsswitchingoffforaweekwithnoideaofwhat’scausedtheproblem,”hesaid.1.Thephrase“communicationsblackout”inParagraph1mostprobablyreferstoduringthe2022Olympics.A.theextinguishingoftheOlympictorchB.thecollapseofbroadcastingsystemsC.thetransportationbreakdowninLondonD.thedestructionofweathersatellites2.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthesolaractivitydescribedinthepassage?A.ThemostfatalmatterfromthecoronafallsontoEarth.B.Thesolarstormpeakoccursinthemiddleofeachcycle.C.IttakesseveralsecondsforthechargedmattertoreachEarth.D.Thenumberofsunspotsdeclinesaftercoronalmassejections.3.Accordingtothepassage,NASAwilllaunchasatelliteto.A.takeimagesofthesolarsystemB.provideearlywarningofthunderstormsC.keeptrackofsolaractivitiesD.improvethecommunicationsonEarth4.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.SolarStorms:AnInvisibleKillerB.SolarStorms:EarthEnvironmentinDangerC.SolarStorms:ThreateningtheHumanRaceD.SolarStorms:HumanActivitiestoBeTroubled【參考答案】1—4、BDCD【2021界廣東省深圳市一?！客晷吞羁?。閱讀下面短文，把握其大意，然后從1—15各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上涂黑。Agoodstudentisalwaysequatedtoonewhogetsgoodgrades.Butisthatallthatagoodstudentis?Whatisa1goodstudent?Ishesomeonewhoistheteacher'spet?Someonewhotopseverytest?Someonewhohasthesmarts?Agoodstudentisallthisandmore,because,yousee,it’snotjustaboutbooksandrepetitive2.Beingagoodstudenttakesmuchmorethanthat.Therearecertain3thatmakehimagoodstudent.Thatis4whatweshallbelookinginto–thequalitiesofagoodstudent.Therewillhelpyou5whatagoodstudentisandwhatarethequalitiesthatoneneedsinordertobecomeone.Agoodstudenthasgreat6skills.Hehastheabilitytoplanandorganizenotonlyhisactionsbuthis7aswell,forbeingwellorganizedallowsapersontobepreparedforallthesituationsthatareto8.Thatcouldnothavebeen9ifhehadtakenupthestudiesatthelastminute.Knowledgeisakey10thatdefines（定義）astudent.Possessingknowledgethatisnotonlylimitedtobooksbutalso11thingsaboutcurrentaffairsandotherthingsakllowshimtodrawfromallthathepossessesanduseitinhisstudies.Thereisnothingthatcomeswithouthardworkandthatisexactlywhatagoodstudenthastopossess.A12studentisnotsomeonewhowillturnawayfromwork,ortrytofind13stogettheworkdone14orforthesakeoffinishingit.Heisinsteadsomeonewhowilldohiswork15andputinallhiseffortswithoutcompromisingonquality.1．A．specially B．nearly C．mainly D．really【答案】D【解析】考查副詞及語(yǔ)境的理解。A．specially特殊的； B．nearly幾乎；C．mainly主要地；D．really真正地，實(shí)際上。依據(jù)Butisthatallthatagoodstudentis?可知一個(gè)真正的（really）好同學(xué)是什么樣子呢?故選D。2．A．performing B．learning C．counting D．guessing【答案】B【解析】考查動(dòng)名詞及語(yǔ)境的理解。A．performing履行；B．learning學(xué)習(xí)，學(xué)問(wèn)；C．counting計(jì)數(shù)；D．guessing猜想，推想。你看到它不僅僅是關(guān)于書(shū)和重復(fù)性的學(xué)問(wèn)，故選B。3．A．choices B．a(chǎn)ctivities C．qualities D．viewpoints【答案】C【解析】考查名詞及語(yǔ)境的理解。A．choices 選擇；B．a(chǎn)ctivities活動(dòng)；C．qualities品質(zhì)；D．viewpoints觀點(diǎn)。依據(jù)下文thequalitiesofagoodstudent可知有某些品質(zhì)使他成為好同學(xué)，故選C。4．A．simply B．merely C．completely D．exactly【答案】D【解析】考查副詞及語(yǔ)境的理解。A．simply簡(jiǎn)潔地；B．merely僅僅； C．completely完全地；D．exactly正是，精確地。依據(jù)上文那正是（exactly）我們要調(diào)查的同學(xué)的品質(zhì)。5．A．understand B．predict C．a(chǎn)ssume D．settle【答案】A【解析】考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境的理解。A．understand理解；B．predict預(yù)報(bào)，猜想；C．a(chǎn)ssume假定；D．settle解決。依據(jù)上文進(jìn)行調(diào)查的目的就是有助于理解。這有助于理解一個(gè)好同學(xué)是什么樣的，故選A。6．A．physical B．organizational C．mental D．traditional【答案】B【解析】考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境的理解。A．physical身體的；B．organizational組織的；C．mental精神的；D．traditional傳統(tǒng)的。依據(jù)下文Hehastheabilitytoplanandorganize可知這里指的是組織力氣。一個(gè)好的同學(xué)好的組織力氣，故選B。7．A．thoughts B．performances C．conducts D．directions【答案】A【解析】考查名詞及語(yǔ)境的理解。A．thoughts想法；B．performances演出；C．conducts帶領(lǐng)；D．directions方向。好的同學(xué)有力氣方案和組織，不僅他的行動(dòng)而且還有他的想法，故選A。8．A．share B．manage C．follow D．find【答案】C【解析】考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境的理解。A．share共享；B．manage管理；C．follow跟隨；D．find發(fā)覺(jué)。依據(jù)bepreparedforallthesituations可知指將來(lái)的形勢(shì)。做好預(yù)備允許人把后來(lái)的形勢(shì)，故選C。9．A．valuable B．worthy C．vital D．possible【答案】D【解析】考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境的理解。A．val