專題13 閱讀理解之說明文（知識梳理＋專題過關(guān)）-2022-2023學(xué)年七年級英語上學(xué)期期末考點大串講（外研版）（解析版）

專題13閱讀理解之說明文2022-2023學(xué)年七年級英語上學(xué)期期末考點大串講（外研版）【知識梳理】＂英語說明文＂，顧名思義，就是一種以＂說明、解釋＂為主要表達方式的英語文體。它是對客觀事物的性狀、特點、功能和用途等作科學(xué)解說的。它既不像故事那樣重在情節(jié)的敘述和描寫，也不像議論文那樣，重在闡明主張和論點論據(jù)；更不像科幻作品那樣富于想象和虛構(gòu)夸張。說明文是通過解說事物、闡明事理，使人們增長知識和技能。說明文是高考英語閱讀理解題中的重點內(nèi)容之一。說明文具有與自己特點相適應(yīng)的說明方法，因此說明文結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜，專業(yè)術(shù)語多，易于拉開考生分數(shù)檔次，便于高校分層次選拔人才。然而對于考生來說說明文抽象度高，解題難度大。高考對說明文的考查多為科普知識，動植物特性、自然現(xiàn)象和新產(chǎn)品、新工藝介紹以及人文地理、風(fēng)土人情等方面的說明文，文中解釋性、定義性、說明性的句子居多。因此考生要掌握說明文的命題特點，敘述方式，以冷靜的心態(tài)閱讀原文，重點突破長句結(jié)構(gòu)特點和邏輯關(guān)系，以便對其做出準(zhǔn)確的語意理解。說明文閱讀理解的特征一般說來，英語說明文與其他文體一樣，文章所涉及的內(nèi)容不外乎以下幾個方面，即who→what→when→where→how→why。1.who：問的是這篇文章的主體是誰？（即所要說明和描述的人或事物）2.what：問的是主體做了什么事情？（即主體表現(xiàn)出的特性、功能和用途）3.when和where：是在何時何地發(fā)生的？（即何時何地所表現(xiàn)出的特性、功能和用途）4.how：通過什么方式表現(xiàn)出來的？5.why：這種特性功能用途的原因是什么？做說明文閱讀理解題的時候，一定要記住上面的wh-word。邊閱讀，邊搜記，牢記要點，把握全文?！緦ｎ}過關(guān)】A（2022·江蘇江蘇·七年級期末）Howdoyouusuallydotheshopping?Doyoubuythingsinrealshopsoronline?Ifyoulikeshoppingonline,doyoubuythingsonTaobaoorJingdong?Doyouknowlive-streamingindustry(直播行業(yè))?Itisanewandfashionwaytobuyandsellthingsthesedays.Manypeoplebegintobuythingsonlive-streamingplatforms(直播平臺).“Sales(銷售)throughlive-streamingin2021givespeoplehopeandanewwaytomakemoney.”saysAndreaFenn.Therearemanylive-streamingplatforms,suchasDouyinandKuaishou,andAlibaba’sTaobao.Manypeoplebegintosellthingsinthisway.OneofthemisLiJiaqi.Heis27yearsold.Hecansell15,000lipsticks(口紅)infiveminutes.Unlikemanywomensellers,healwaystriesthelipsticksonhismouth,notonhisarms.Hisinterestingsalesmakehimgetthename“LipstickBrotherNo.1”.InFebruary2020,Taobaosellsalotofthings,becausemanypeoplecannotgoshoppingoutside.▲.AndreaFennsaysthattherearetoomanypeopleonthelive-streamingplatforms.“Nowtherearethousandsoflive-streaming.Andpeoplestarttothinkaboutthequestion:WhyarewebuyingthingsonTV,justlikethe1990sshoppingstyle?Somecompaniescannotgetmoneyfromlive-streamingbecauseofshoppersfatigue.Theyaretiredofdoingthat.”hesays.1．Whatisanewandfashionwaytobuyandsellthingsthesedays?A．Buyingthingsinrealshops. B．BuyingthingsonTaobao.C．BuyingthingsonJingdong. D．Buyingthingsonlive-streamingplatforms.2．LiJiaqiiscalled“LipstickBrotherNo.1”because________.A．sellinglipsticksbringshimmuchmoneyB．AndreaFenngiveshimthenicknameC．heisthefirstmantoselllipstickstoladiesD．hehasadifferentwaytoselllipsticks3．WhichplatformsellsalotofthingsinFebruary2020accordingtothepassage?A．Douyin. B．Kuaishou. C．Taobao. D．Weibo.4．Whichofthefollowingsentencesshouldbeontheline(橫線)inthelastparagraph?A．Ofcourse,everyonewillmakemoney.B．Butnoteveryonewillmakemoney.C．Luckily,everyonelikeslive-streamingactivitiessales.D．Live-streamingislikeTVshoppingshow.5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“fatigue”inthelastparagraphmeaninChinese?A．疲勞 B．激情 C．需求 D．懷疑【答案】1．D

2．D

3．C

4．D

5．A【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了在直播平臺購物的這一新購物形式，并介紹了李佳琦的銷售特點。1．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Doyouknowlive-streamingindustry(直播行業(yè))?Itisanewandfashionwaytobuyandsellthingsthesedays”可知，新的、時尚的買賣方式就是在直播平臺上購買東西，故選D。2．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Unlikemanywomensellers,healwaystriesthelipsticksonhismouth,notonhisarms.Hisinterestingsalesmakehimgetthename‘LipstickBrotherNo.1’”可知，他有趣的銷售方式讓他榮獲這個稱號，故選D。3．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“InFebruary2020,Taobaosellsalotofthings,becausemanypeoplecannotgoshoppingoutside”可知，淘寶賣了許多東西，故選C。4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“WhyarewebuyingthingsonTV,justlikethe1990sshoppingstyle”可推斷，此處提到的電視購物與直播平臺購物的關(guān)系，故選D。5．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“Theyaretiredofdoingthat”可知，消費者厭倦了那樣做，可推斷fatigue表示“疲勞”，故選A。B（2022·山東·青島大學(xué)附屬中學(xué)七年級期末）Doyouknowthetwolovelymascots(吉祥物)?Youmayknowthefive“Fuwa”dollsfromthe2008BeijingOlympicGames(奧運會).OnSeptember17thof2019,let’sseewhotheyare.Lookatthepanda!Itlookslikeanastronaut(宇航員).Itwearsaniceshell(冰殼)andlooksfat,sowecallit“BingDwenDwen”.Whiteisthecoloroficeandsnow.“BingDwenDwen”likesicesportsverymuchandisgoodatthem.That’swhyitisthemascotof2022BeijingWinterOlympicsGames.Doyouthinktheredmascotlookslikealantern(燈籠)?Thelantern’snameis“ShueyRhonRhon”.WhentheChineseNewYearcomes,peoplealwaysmakeorbuyredlanterns.Redisthecolorofhopeandgoodluck.“ShueyRhonRhon”cangiveplayershopeandhelpthemdowellinthe2022BeijingWinterParalympicGames(殘奧會).Manypeopleindifferentcountrieslikethetwomascotsverymuch,andtheyshowtheirloveforthemontheInternet.6．________isthemascotof2022BeijingWinterOlympicGames.A．“Fuwa”dollsB．BingDwenDwenC．ShueyRhonRhonD．AstronautMascot7．“BingDwenDwen”is________.A．a(chǎn)pandaB．a(chǎn)nastronautC．a(chǎn)niceshellD．a(chǎn)lantern8．Whatdoweknowabout“ShueyRhonRhon”fromthepassage?________A．It’sredbecauseredisthecoloroftheOlympicGames.B．ItisthemascotofChineseNewYear.C．Itcanbringplayershopeandgoodluck.D．It’salwaysthemascotofWinterParalympicGames.9．WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUE?________A．ThetwolovelymascotsfirstshowedonTVonSeptember17,2019.B．“BingDwenDwen”and“ShueyRhonRhon”aregoodaticesports.C．Wecallit“BingDwenDwen”becauseitwearsaniceshellandlooksfat.D．Thetwomascotsareindifferentcolorsandshapes.10．What’sthebesttitle(標(biāo)題)ofthepassage?________A．PeopleindifferentcountrieslikethetwomascotsB．“Fuwa”,“BingDwenDwen”and“ShueyRhonRhon”C．TwoOlympicmascotscometolifeD．2022BeijingWinterOlympicGames【答案】6．B

7．A

8．C

9．B

10．C【導(dǎo)語】本文介紹了北京冬奧會和冬殘奧會的吉祥物。6．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“‘BingDwenDwen’likesicesportsverymuchandisgoodatthem.That’swhyitisthemascotof2022BeijingWinterOlympicsGames.”可知，冰墩墩是2022年北京冬季奧運會的吉祥物。故選B。7．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Lookatthepanda”可知，冰墩墩是一只熊貓，故選A。8．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)““ShueyRhonRhon”cangiveplayershopeandhelpthemdowellinthe2022BeijingWinterParalympicGames”可知，雪容融可以給選手希望和好運，故選C。9．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“‘BingDwenDwen’likesicesportsverymuchandisgoodatthem”可知，冰墩墩擅長冰上運動，而文章并沒有提到雪融融擅長冰上運動，所以B表述錯誤，故選B。10．最佳標(biāo)題題。根據(jù)“Doyouknowthetwolovelymascots”可知，本文主要介紹了兩個吉祥物，所以C項最適合做文章標(biāo)題，故選C。C（2022·廣東廣州·七年級期末）UniversalStudiosthemeparksarefamousaroundtheworld.Theyturnthingsfrompopularmoviesandshowsintoreality(現(xiàn)實).NowoneoftheseparksisinChina!TheUniversalBeijingResortisthefifthUniversalStudiosthemeparkintheworldanditisthenewestone.AsthefirstofitskindinChina,ithaselements(元素)fromChineseculture.TheKungFuPandaLandofAwesomenessisUniversal’sfirstthemedareaabouttheKungFuPandamovies.It’sanindoorarea.Ithaslanternsanddragons.TherestaurantslooklikeChinesestylebuildings,sellingChinesefood.EventhemusicplayedintheareaisChinesestyle.ThethemedareaTransformersMetrobasebringsanewstorywithChineseelements.Ittellsthestoryofa750-million-year-oldcarrobottriestosavetheworld.Visitorswillbecomemembersofanarmytojoinhim.OtherpartsoftheparkhaveChineseelementsaswell.TheshoppingstreetCityWalkborrowsChinesebuildingstyles,suchasBeijing’sHutong.Redandgoldareusedinthelightsandgroundalongthewalk.11．WhatcanyoudointheKungFuPandaland?A．Ridedragons. B．Havelunch.C．Savetheworld. D．Playrolesfrommovies.12．HowmanyUniversalStudiosthemeparksarethereintheworld?A．Two. B．Three.C．Four. D．Five.13．WhatdoweknowaboutthecarrobotattheTransformersMetrobase?A．Heisoneofthedesigners. B．Hecausestroubleforvisitors.C．Heisaflyingrobot. D．Hehashadaverylonglife.14．Whatdoestheunderlineditinparagraph1referto?A．China. B．Themovie.C．Thethemepark. D．TheKungFuPandaLand.15．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheUniversalBeijingResort?A．ItisfullofChineseculture. B．ItisthebiggestparkinChina.C．Itismainlyforforeignvisitors. D．Itonlyhaselementsfrommovies.【答案】11．B

12．D

13．D

14．C

15．A【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了在北京的世界上第五個環(huán)球影城主題公園，這個主題公園充滿了中國文化元素。11．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“TheKungFuPandaLandofAwesomenessisUniversal’sfirstthemedareaabouttheKungFuPandamovies...TherestaurantslooklikeChinesestylebuildings,sellingChinesefood”可知在功夫熊貓之地你可以吃午飯，故選B。12．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“TheUniversalBeijingResortisthefifthUniversalStudiosthemeparkintheworldanditisthenewestone.”（北京環(huán)球影城度假區(qū)是全球第五家環(huán)球影城主題公園，也是最新的一家。）可知世界上有5個環(huán)球影城主題公園。故選D。13．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“ThethemedareaTransformersMetrobasebringsanewstorywithChineseelements.Ittellsthestoryofa750-million-year-oldcarrobottriestosavetheworld.”（變形金剛都市基地的主題區(qū)帶來了一個具有中國元素的新故事。它講述了一個七億五千萬年前的汽車機器人試圖拯救世界的故事。）可知汽車機器人已經(jīng)活了很久了。故選D。14．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“TheUniversalBeijingResortisthefifthUniversalStudiosthemeparkintheworldanditisthenewestone.AsthefirstofitskindinChina,ithaselements(元素)fromChineseculture.”（北京環(huán)球影城度假區(qū)是全球第五家環(huán)球影城主題公園，也是最新的一家。作為中國的第一家，它有中國文化的元素。）可知“it”指的是“主題公園”，故選C。15．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“AsthefirstofitskindinChina,ithaselements(元素)fromChineseculture.”以及“OtherpartsoftheparkhaveChineseelementsaswell.TheshoppingstreetCityWalkborrowsChinesebuildingstyles,suchasBeijing’sHutong.Redandgoldareusedinthelightsandgroundalongthewalk.”可知北京環(huán)球度假區(qū)充滿了中國文化，故選A。D（2022·湖北·武漢外國語學(xué)校（武漢實驗外國語學(xué)校）七年級期末）Peopleusesayingseveryday.Youmayaskanunhappyfriendwhyshe’s“feelingblue.”Ifyou’vedoneonlyasmallpartofabigjob,youmightcallit“adropinthebucket.”Thesesayingsdon’tmeanexactlywhatthewordssay.Butit’seasytotellwhyweusethem.Blueisacool,quietcolor.Soit’sagoodwordfor“sad”.Abucketholdstoomanywaterdropstocount.Sojustonedropisverylittle.Othersayingsaremoredifficulttounderstand.Whenyouareabouttogotobed,youaregoingto“hitthehay(干草).”Thissayingdoesnotmakemuchsenseunlessyouknowwhereitcamefrom.Itwasfirstusedinthe1930s.Atthattime,manyAmericanswereoutofwork.Somewentfromplacetoplace,lookingforjobs.Atnighttheywereverytired.Theyoftenmadeabedofhayinafieldorbarn(谷倉).Assoonastheirheads“hitthehay,”theyfellasleep.Hereisanothersaying.Whenyouaresick,youmightsayyouare“undertheweather.”Butwhy?Thissayingismorethan200yearsold.Itbeganinthedayswhenmanypeoplewentfromplacetoplacebyboat.Whenthestormwindsrocked(使搖擺)theboat,peopleoftenfeltsick,Theboatwassailing“undertheweather.”O(jiān)ldsayingslikethesecanbehardforkidstounderstand.Butnewsayingscomealongeveryday.Kidsoftenunderstandnewsayingsbetterthanolderpeopledo.That’swhyyourgrandmothermightnotknowwhatyoumeanwhenyousay“chillout”or“givemefive”.Shemightthinkyou’re“offyourrocker”.16．Inwhichpartofthemagazinecanwereadthispassage?A．Sports. B．Culture. C．People. D．Science.17．Whichsayingismorethan200yearsold?A．“hitthehay” B．“adropinthebucket”C．“givemefive” D．“undertheweather”18．Whatdoesthephrase“offyourrocker”probablymean?A．Youareclever. B．Youaremyfriends. C．Youarecrazy. D．Idon’tbelieveyou.19．Accordingtothepassage,itisclearthat________.A．“feelingblue”meansapersonissickB．oldpeopledon’tknowanynewsayingsC．peoplepreferoldsayingstonewsayingsD．kidscan