【期末專(zhuān)題】山東省煙臺(tái)市2019-2020學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期末考試英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

2019－2020學(xué)年度第二學(xué)期期末學(xué)業(yè)水平診斷高一英語(yǔ)說(shuō)明：本試卷由四個(gè)部分組成，共12頁(yè)，滿(mǎn)分150分，考試用時(shí)120分鐘。請(qǐng)把答案全部涂寫(xiě)在答題卡上，考試結(jié)束后，只交答題卡。第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)。每段對(duì)話(huà)后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話(huà)后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話(huà)僅讀一遍。1.Whoknowstheaddress?A.TheDells.B.Blare.C.Alan.2.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Doctorandpatient.B.Passengeranddriver.C.Bankclerkandcustomer.3.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Thewindowcan’tbeopened.B.Hewillnotopenthewindow.C.Thewindowisalreadyopen.4.Whichisthequickestwaytotheairport?A.Bytaxi.B.Bybus.C.Byunderground.5.Whatisthewomangoingtodothisevening?A.Eatoutwithhersister.B.Gototheairport.C.Phonetherestaurant.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6至7題。6.Whatdidthemanwanttobuy?A.Watches.B.Videos.C.Notebooks.7.Howmuchdidthemanpay?A.13.4yuan.B.26.8yuan.C.30.2yuan.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至9題。8.Wheredidtheaccidenthappen?A.Nearahospital.B.Neartheman’scompany.C.OnBroadStreet.9.Howdidtheaccidenthappen?A.Themandrovetoofast.B.Themanhaddrunktoomuch.C.Someoneknockedintotheman’scar.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.WhoisDavidRead?A.ApatientofDr.Milton’s.B.Afriendofthewoman’s.C.Avisitortotheclinic.11.Whenistheclinicopeninaweek?A.FromMondaytoFriday.B.Duringthewholeweek.C.OnweekdaysexceptThursday.12.WhattimehasfinallybeenfixedforMr.Read?A.At5:30p.m.,Wednesday.B.At6:15p.m.,Wednesday.C.At6:15p.m.,Thursday.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whoistheman?A.Arepairman.B.Adoctor.C.Aneighbor.14.Whenwillthemancomeover?A.Tomorrowafternoon.B.Tomorrowmorning.C.Inalittlewhile.15.Whatdidthemandoafewweeksago?A.Brokeasmallwindow.B.Repairedawindowforthewoman.C.Playedballwiththewoman’schildren.16.Whywasthewindowbrokenthistime?A.Thechildrenkickedballinthehouse.B.Thewindowwasofpoorquality.C.Thewomanplayedvolleyballathome.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whydidthedoctortalkwiththelawyerbeforeenteringthehouse?A.Forfearofhisnotpayinghim.B.Toknowmoreaboutthewife’sillness.C.Tomakesureofhisownsafety.18.Whatdidthelawyerpromisetopaythedoctor?A.Allhehad.B.Nothing.C.$500.19.Whatdoweknowaboutthelawyer’swife?A.Thelawyerwantedhertodie.B.Nomedicinecouldcureher.C.Shedidn’twanttoliveanymore.20.Whatkindofpersonisthelawyer?A.Tricky.B.Honest.C.Stupid.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWashingtonDCVacationPackagesFromexploringthehistorytoseeingthemodernsights,makeyourWashingtonDCVacationPackagegreat.ExperiencePackageWashingtonDCisapopulartouristdestinationfilledwithmuseums,monumentsandbeaches.Thisisavacationpackageoneshouldlookintowhenplanningatriptothecapital.Startat$405peradult.PackageIncludes·3Nights’Accommodations·DCOdysseyDinnerCruise(巡游)overthePotomacRiver·BestofDCTourFamilyVacationPackageCreatelastingmemorieswithyourfamilytothenation’scapital.Comeandexplorethemanyactivitiesofferedhere.VisittheworldfamousMadameTussaudsWax(蠟像)Museum,andgetpicturesofyouandyourfamilystandingnexttowaxcopiesoffamouscelebrities(名人)andpresidents.Startat$182peradult.PackageIncludes·3Nights’Accommodations·MadameTussaudsWaxMuseum·NationalLawEnforcementMuseumRomanticGetawayPackageWashingtonDCcanbearomanticdestination.Withthispackage,youwillhaveatwo-nightstayinthenation’scapital.ItalsoincludesaticketfortheMonumentsbyMoonlightTrolleytour,ahistorictourofthearea!Startat$152peradult.PackageIncludes·2Nights’Accommodations·MonumentsbyMoonlightTrolleyTourSightseeingTourPackageWashingtonDCisoneofthebestplacesinU.S.whenitcomestosightseeing.Withsomuchhistoryandallofthesefantastictours,you’llhaveanamazingtimeandseethebestofthecity.Startat$383peradult.Advancereservationsrequired.PackageIncludes·4Nights’Accommodations·MountVernonandOldTownAlexandriaTour·SpiritofWashingtonDCLunchCruise1.WhichactivityisavailableintheFamilyVacationPackage?A.GoingonOdysseyDinnerCruise.B.TouringMonumentsbyMoonlightTrolley.C.VisitingNationalLawEnforcementMuseum.D.Takingphotoswithcelebritiesandpresidents.2.HowmuchshouldacouplepayfortheRomanticGetawayPackage?A.$304. B.$364. C.$766. D.$810.3.InwhatwayistheSightseeingTourPackagedifferentfromtheotherthree?A.Itoffersarivercruise.B.Itmustbebookedinadvance.C.Itexhibitsthehistoryofthecapital.D.Itprovidesthelongesttouratthelowestprice.【答案】1.C2.A3.B【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了華盛頓地區(qū)的四個(gè)度假套餐及其相關(guān)信息?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)FamilyVacationPackage中PackageIncludesNationalLawEnforcementMuseum.包含國(guó)家執(zhí)法博物館。可知參觀國(guó)家執(zhí)法博物館是家庭度假套餐中的活動(dòng)。故選C項(xiàng)。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)RomanticGetawayPackage中Startat$152peradult.每個(gè)成年人152美元起。$152*2=$204，可知一對(duì)情侶應(yīng)該花204美元購(gòu)買(mǎi)浪漫度假套餐。故選A項(xiàng)。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SightseeingTourPackage中Advancereservationsrequired.需要提前預(yù)訂。可知這個(gè)觀光旅行團(tuán)與其他三個(gè)不同在于其必須提前預(yù)訂。故選B項(xiàng)。BThepopulationofthecapitalLuxembourgCitydoubleseveryworkingdaythankstothefloodofworkers,andinthemorningandeveningrushhours,thereoftencomestrafficblock.It’safamiliardifficultproblembutherethey’vecomeupwithanovelsolution.Fromnextyearpublictransportwillbefreeforeveryone.Thenumberofpeopletakingthepublictransportisfarfromwhatisexpectedandsothisideahasbeenbroughtup,whichofcourseresultsinsomeargument.Thisiswhat’sbeingbuilt,anewtramsystemthatwilllinktrainsinpark-and-rideprogramsdesignedtomakefreepublictransportsmoothandattractive.ThisisabigattemptbytheLuxembourggovernmentintowhetherpeoplecanbemadetochangethewaytheybehave,becausefreepublictransportisgreatforexistingcommuters.Butthequestioniswhetherdriverscanbepersuadedtochangetheircarsandtrafficjamsforcommutingonpublictransport.Thedesignerfirmlybelievesthesystemissogoodandeffective.Everyonewillwanttouseit.Everyonecanuseit,youngorold,richorpoor,andeveryonecansaytothemselvesit’sbettertoleavethecarathome.Butothersconsideritquestionable.Taxidriversdon’tseemworriedabouttramsstealingtheirtrade.Businessmenwhocomeherearenevergoingtotakepublictransport.They’lltakeataxibecausetheyhavemeetingstogetto.SoLuxembourg’splanisreallyatest,andit’sonethatplentyofbiggernationswillbewatching.Asweknow,thewaywemovearoundshapesourcities,ourlives,ourworkandourenvironment.Luxembourgisaverysmallcountrybutthiscouldbeaverybigidea.4.WhydoesLuxembourgCityplantomakepublictransportfree?A.Toreducetrafficjams. B.Toattractmorebusinessmen.C.Toencouragepeopletoavoidrushhours. D.Tohelpitscitizenstravelmorecomfortably.5.Whatcanweinferabouttheresultoftheplan?A.Taxidrivers’businesswillbebadlyaffected.B.Morepeoplewillchoosetodrivetoandfromwork.C.People’sdailybehaviorwillbecompletelychanged.D.Takingpublictransportcansavemoneyforcommuters.6.Howdoesthedesignerfeelaboutthesystem?A.Hopeless. B.Concerned. C.Confident. D.Regretful.7.What’stheauthor’spurposeofwritingthetext?A.TolistthetrafficproblemsLuxembourgfaces.B.ToshowhowLuxembourgcontrolsitspopulation.C.TogivepeopleadviceonhowtogetaroundLuxembourg.D.TointroduceLuxembourg’snewpublictransportmeasure.【答案】4.A5.D6.C7.D【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要說(shuō)明了為了減少交通堵塞，盧森堡計(jì)劃免費(fèi)提供公共交通。文章從政府、設(shè)計(jì)者、出租車(chē)司機(jī)三方面介紹了他們各自對(duì)這一做法的看法?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段ThepopulationofthecapitalLuxembourgCitydoubleseveryworkingdaythankstothefloodofworkers,andinthemorningandeveningrushhours,thereoftencomestrafficblock.It’safamiliardifficultproblembutherethey’vecomeupwithanovelsolution.可知由于工人的大量涌入，首都盧森堡的人口在每個(gè)工作日都會(huì)翻一番。在早高峰和晚高峰時(shí)段，經(jīng)常會(huì)出現(xiàn)交通堵塞。這是一個(gè)熟悉的難題，但在這里他們想出了一個(gè)新奇的解決方案。由此可推知，盧森堡計(jì)劃免費(fèi)提供公共交通是為了減少交通堵塞。故選A。【5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中ThisisabigattemptbytheLuxembourggovernmentintowhetherpeoplecanbemadetochangethewaytheybehave,becausefreepublictransportisgreatforexistingcommuters.可知這是盧森堡政府對(duì)人們是否可以改變他們的行為方式的一次重大嘗試，因?yàn)槊赓M(fèi)的公共交通對(duì)現(xiàn)有的往返上班者來(lái)說(shuō)是很好的。由此可推知，這個(gè)計(jì)劃的結(jié)果是，乘坐公共交通工具可以為往返上班者省錢(qián)。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中Thedesignerfirmlybelievesthesystemissogoodandeffective.可知設(shè)計(jì)者堅(jiān)信這個(gè)系統(tǒng)是如此的優(yōu)良和有效。由此可推知，設(shè)計(jì)者對(duì)這個(gè)系統(tǒng)有信心。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段ThepopulationofthecapitalLuxembourgCitydoubleseveryworkingdaythankstothefloodofworkers,andinthemorningandeveningrushhours,thereoftencomestrafficblock.It’safamiliardifficultproblembutherethey’vecomeupwithanovelsolution.可知由于工人的大量涌入，首都盧森堡的人口在每個(gè)工作日都會(huì)翻一番。在早高峰和晚高峰時(shí)段，經(jīng)常會(huì)出現(xiàn)交通堵塞。這是一個(gè)熟悉的難題，但在這里他們想出了一個(gè)新奇的解決方案。結(jié)合文章主要說(shuō)明了為了減少交通堵塞，盧森堡計(jì)劃免費(fèi)提供公共交通。文章從政府、設(shè)計(jì)者、出租車(chē)司機(jī)三方面介紹了他們各自對(duì)這一做法的看法。由此可推知，作者寫(xiě)這篇文章的目的是介紹盧森堡新的公共交通措施。故選D。CThoughthousandsofadventurershaveclimbedupMountEverest,thehighestandmostfamousoftheworld’s14tallestmountains,only40climbershaveconqueredthemall.NepalesemountaineerPurjabecameoneofthemafterhereachedthe8,028-meterpeakofChina’sMt.ShishapangmaonOctober29,2019.Purjamadetheextraordinaryachievementinjustsixmonthsandsixdays,muchfasterthanlateSouthKoreanclimberKimChang-ho’s2013recordof7years,tenmonths,andsixdays.“Iamincrediblyexcitedandproudtohavereachedthisfinalpeakandachievedmygoalofclimbingtheworld’s14tallestmountainsinrecordtime,”P(pán)urjasaid.“Itwasextremelyhardsixmonths,andIhopetohaveproventhatanythingispossiblewithsomedetermination,self-belief,andpositivity.”P(pán)urja’s“ProjectPossible”startedbecomingarealityonApril23,2019,whenhesuccessfullypeakedNepal’s8,091meterstallMt.Annapurna.Theclimberthenrapidlycompletedthenextfivemountains,includingMt.Everest,withinonlyfourweeks!FivemorepeakswereconqueredinJulyandthelastthreeduringSeptemberandOctober.Theadventurer,whowasjoinedbyteamsofNepaleseclimbersoneachofhisadventures,encounteredmanymemorableandcriticalmoments.OnApril23,2019,whilegoingdownMt.Annapurna,PurjaandhisteamheardaboutaMalaysianclimberwhohadbeenseparatedfromhisgroupwithnofood,water,oroxygenforover40hours.Theymanagedtofindhimandgothimairliftedtoahospital.OnMay15,2019,Purja’steamsimilarlyhelpedthreetrappedclimbersonMt.Kanchenjungabygivingthemoxygen.Purjasaidhisprimarypurposeforundertakingthisenormoustaskwastoshowtheworldthatanyonecanattaingreatnessiftheyputtheirmindstoit.“Byachievingthisgoal,IknewIcouldinspirepeoplefromallgenerationsacrosstheworld,”hesaid.8.Whichwasthelastoftheworld’s14tallestmountainsPurjapeaked?A.Mt.Everest. B.Mt.Annapurna.C.Mt.Kanchenjunga. D.Mt.Shishapangma.9.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesPurja?A.Capable,worthyandhonest. B.Brave,intelligentandtraditional.C.Determined,positiveandcaring. D.Creative,energeticandadventurous.10.Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellusbytheexamplesinparagraph4?A.Thenumberofclimbersshouldbelimitedtoensuresafety.B.Purjaandhisteamarewillingtoassistclimbersintrouble.C.Itisimpossibletorescuetrappedclimbersonhighmountains.D.Necessarypreparationsmustbemadebeforeclimbingmountains.11.Whatmightbethebesttitleofthetext?A.Mountaineering:AChallengingbutPopularSportB.Purja:AWorld-famousNepaleseClimbingPioneerC.KimChang-hoSucceededinClimbingupMt.EverestAloneD.NepaleseMountaineerConquersWorld’s14HighestPeaksinSixMonths【答案】8.D9.C10.B11.D【解析】這是一篇記敘文。主要說(shuō)明了2019年10月29日，尼泊爾登山者Purja成功登頂中國(guó)的Shishapangma峰，完成了登上14座世界最高山峰的目標(biāo)。文章介紹了Purja對(duì)此舉的看法，以及他的攀登經(jīng)過(guò)，Purja說(shuō)他承擔(dān)這項(xiàng)艱巨任務(wù)的主要目的是向世界表明，任何人都可以獲得偉大的成就，只要他們用心去做?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中NepalesemountaineerPurjabecameoneofthemafterhereachedthe8,028-meterpeakofChina’sMt.ShishapangmaonOctober29,2019.可知尼泊爾登山家Purja在2019年10月29日登上中國(guó)8028米的高峰Shishapangma山后，成為了其中的一員。以及第二段中“Iamincrediblyexcitedandproudtohavereachedthisfinalpeakandachievedmygoalofclimbingtheworld’s14tallestmountainsinrecordtime,”P(pán)urjasaid.可知Purja說(shuō)：“我非常激動(dòng)和自豪，能夠到達(dá)最后一座山峰，并實(shí)現(xiàn)了在創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄的時(shí)間內(nèi)登上世界14座最高山峰的目標(biāo)?！庇纱丝芍?，Purja登上的14座世界最高山峰中最后一座是Shishapangma峰。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Itwasextremelyhardsixmonths,andIhopetohaveproventhatanythingispossiblewithsomedetermination,self-belief,andpositivity.”可知“這六個(gè)月非常艱難，我希望能夠證明，只要有決心、自信和積極，一切皆有可能。”以及第四段中OnApril23,2019,whilegoingdownMt.Annapurna,PurjaandhisteamheardaboutaMalaysianclimberwhohadbeenseparatedfromhisgroupwithnofood,water,oroxygenforover40hours.Theymanagedtofindhimandgothimairliftedtoahospital.OnMay15,2019,Purja’steamsimilarlyhelpedthreetrappedclimbersonMt.Kanchenjungabygivingthemoxygen.可知2019年4月23日，Purja和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)在攀登Annapurna山時(shí)聽(tīng)說(shuō)，一名馬來(lái)西亞登山者與他的團(tuán)隊(duì)分開(kāi)了40多個(gè)小時(shí)，沒(méi)有食物、水和氧氣。他們?cè)O(shè)法找到了他，并用飛機(jī)把他送到了醫(yī)院。2019年5月15日，Purja的團(tuán)隊(duì)同樣幫助了三名被困在Kanchenjunga山的登山者，給他們提供了氧氣。由此可推知，Purja是一個(gè)有決心、積極和有愛(ài)心的人。故選C?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中OnApril23,2019,whilegoingdownMt.Annapurna,PurjaandhisteamheardaboutaMalaysianclimberwhohadbeenseparatedfromhisgroupwithnofood,water,oroxygenforover40hours.Theymanagedtofindhimandgothimairliftedtoahospital.OnMay15,2019,Purja’steamsimilarlyhelpedthreetrappedclimbersonMt.Kanchenjungabygivingthemoxygen.可知2019年4月23日，Purja和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)在攀登Annapurna山時(shí)聽(tīng)說(shuō)，一名馬來(lái)西亞登山者與他的團(tuán)隊(duì)分離了40多個(gè)小時(shí)，沒(méi)有食物、水和氧氣。他們?cè)O(shè)法找到了他，并用飛機(jī)把他送到了醫(yī)院。2019年5月15日，Purja的團(tuán)隊(duì)同樣幫助了三名被困在Kanchenjunga山的登山者，給他們提供了氧氣。由此可推知，作者想通過(guò)第四段的例子告訴我們Purja和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)愿意幫助有困難的登山者。故選B?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中ThoughthousandsofadventurershaveclimbedupMountEverest,thehighestandmostfamousoftheworld’s14tallestmountains,only40climbershaveconquered(征服)themall.NepalesemountaineerPurjabecameoneofthemafterhereachedthe8,028-meterpeakofChina’sMt.ShishapangmaonOctober29,2019.可知盡管成千上萬(wàn)的冒險(xiǎn)家登上了世界14座最高的山中最高也是最著名的珠穆朗瑪峰，但只有40名登山者將它們?nèi)空鞣？芍?019年10月29日，尼泊爾登山者Purja成功登頂中國(guó)的Shishapangma峰，攀登了8028米的高峰。結(jié)合文章主要說(shuō)明了2019年10月29日，尼泊爾登山者Purja成功登頂中國(guó)的Shishapangma峰，完成了登上14座世界最高山峰的目標(biāo)。文章介紹了Purja對(duì)此舉的看法，以及他的攀登經(jīng)過(guò)，Purja說(shuō)他承擔(dān)這項(xiàng)艱巨任務(wù)的主要目的是向世界表明，任何人都可以獲得偉大的成就，只要他們用心去做。由此可知，故D選項(xiàng)“尼泊爾登山者在六個(gè)月內(nèi)征服了世界上14座最高峰”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選D。DThenegativehealthimpactsofplasticonbothwildlifeandhumanshavebeenwelldocumented.Recyclingcontributestosettlingtheproblem.However,thematerialcomingfromtheplasticrecycledusingthetraditionaltechnologyisoflowerqualityandcanonlybeusedafewtimesforitemslikeclothingorcarpetsbeforeithastobethrownaway.Now,Frenchstart-upCarbioswantstohelpalleviatetheworld’splasticpollutionwithabacterialenzyme(細(xì)菌酶)that“eats”P(pán)ET—themostplentifulplasticusedtoproducepackagingandplasticbottles.Theenzymeisabletodowngrade90%ofatonofplasticinlessthan10hours.Andtheresultingmaterialcanbeusedtocreateanythingand,moreimportantly,canbecontinuouslyrecycled.Tobreakdowntheplastic,thewasteisplacedinareactorwithwaterandtheenzymeandheatedfor16hoursat65℃.Theresultingmixisthenfiltered(過(guò)濾)andpurified(凈化).ThisallowsfortherecoveryofthebuildingblocksthatmakeupPET.Thesebuildingblocksarethenremadeintonewplasticandtransformedintobottlesandotheritems,withouthavingtousemoreresources.Therecyclingprocesswillbetestedinalargerrangeatanew,biggerfacilityinLyon,France,bytheendof2021.Oncealltheproblemshavebeenremoved,Carbioshopestobringthetechnologyonthemarketby2024.ThoughCarbios’srecyclingtechniquewillcertainlyhelpreduceplasticpollution,Stephanbelievesitisonlypartofthesolution.Wecanonlywinthebattleifwedoabetterjobofensuringthatplasticwastedoesnotendupintheenvironmentorinlandfills.Sothenexttimeyouuseaplasticbottle,besuretomaketheextraefforttoplaceitinarecyclingbin.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“alleviate”inparagraph2mean?A.Cutdown. B.Reflecton.C.Keeprecordsof. D.Watchoutfor.13.Whatisthemaincharacteristicofthematerialproducedbyenzyme?A.Itcanresistbacteria. B.Itcanstandhightemperatures.C.Itcanbesustainablyused. D.Itisharmlesstotheenvironment.14.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytellus?A.Thesourcesofthebacterialenzyme.B.Theprocessofproducingplasticbottles.C.HowthebacterialenzymebreaksdownPET.D.Howwasteplasticisrecycledwiththebacterialenzyme.15.Whichstatementagreeswiththetext?A.Thenewtechnologyhasbeenputtowideuse.B.Traditionalplasticiseasilystorableandaffordable.C.Thepromisingenzymestechnologyisintheexperimentalstage.D.Bacterialenzymeswillcompletelysolvetheproblemofplasticpollution.【答案】12.A13.C14.D15.C【解析】本文為說(shuō)明文。本文講述了一種新的回收塑料的技術(shù)，相比傳統(tǒng)的回收方法高效快速?！?2題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)所給劃線(xiàn)詞后…abacterialenzyme(細(xì)菌酶)that“eats”P(pán)ET—themostplentifulplasticusedtoproducepackagingandplasticbottles.可知，這種細(xì)菌酶會(huì)吃掉用于生產(chǎn)包裝和塑料瓶的最大量的塑料，由此可知，法國(guó)創(chuàng)業(yè)公司Carbios想要用一種細(xì)菌酶來(lái)幫助減少世界上的塑料污染，因此，alleviate有“減輕，減少”之意，選項(xiàng)A符合語(yǔ)境，故選A?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句Andtheresultingmaterialcanbeusedtocreateanythingand,moreimportantly,canbecontinuouslyrecycled(產(chǎn)生的材料可以用來(lái)創(chuàng)造任何東西，更重要的是，可以持續(xù)回收利用。)可知，酶生產(chǎn)的材料的主要特點(diǎn)是它可持續(xù)性利用，故選C?！?4題詳解】段落大意題。根據(jù)第三段可知，本段主要講述利用細(xì)菌酶，經(jīng)過(guò)加熱、混合過(guò)濾和凈化等步驟分解塑料，將其重新利用，故選項(xiàng)D.Howwasteplasticisrecycledwiththebacterialenzyme(如何利用細(xì)菌酶回收廢舊塑料)符合題意，故選D。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段Therecyclingprocesswillbetestedinalargerrangeatanew,biggerfacilityinLyon,France,bytheendof2021.Oncealltheproblemshavebeenremoved,Carbioshopestobringthetechnologyonthemarketby2024.(到2021年底，回收過(guò)程將在法國(guó)里昂的一個(gè)新的更大的設(shè)施中進(jìn)行更大規(guī)模的測(cè)試。一旦所有的問(wèn)題都被解決，Carbios希望能在2024年將這項(xiàng)技術(shù)推向市場(chǎng)。)可知，該項(xiàng)細(xì)菌酶技術(shù)還處于實(shí)驗(yàn)階段，故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Laughteristhebestmedicine.Ithelpssolveproblems,improverelationships,andsupportbothphysicalandemotionalhealth.___16___Readthefollowingsuggestionsandlearntomakelaughterpartofyourlife.Laughatyourself.Laughingatyourselfisoneofthebiggestdifferencesbetweenhappypeopleandunhappypeople.Itcommunicatestobothyouandthepeoplearoundyouthatit’snobigdeal.Sobebraveenoughtoshareyourembarrassingmoments.___17___Whensomethingnegativehappens,trytomakeitahumorousstorythatwillmakeyouandotherslaugh.___18___Keepatoyonyourdeskorinyourcar.Putupafunnyposterinyouroffice.Chooseacomputerscreensaverthatmakesyoulaugh.Framephotosofyouandyourfamilyorfriendshavingfun.Allofthesearegoodresourcesoflaughter.Spendtimewithfunnypeople.Evenifyoudon’tconsideryourselfahumorousperson,youcanstillseekoutnewfriendswhoarereadytolaughandwhocanmakeyoulaugh.Thesearepeoplewhofindhumorineverydayevents.Theirplayfulpointsofviewandlaughterarecontagious(傳染的).___19___Don’tgoadaywithoutlaughing.Setaside10minuteseachdaytodosomethingthatamusesyou.Youcanwatchsomehumorousvideosorlookatsomefunnyphotosonline.___20___Trythinkingbacktoajokeyouheardorread,oracomedyyouwatched.Aslongasyouhaveajoyfulheartandpurposelymaketimetolaugh,you’llbeamazedathowdifferentlyyouwillbegintoviewyourjob,yourfamily,yourrelationshipsandyourself.A.Surroundyourselfwithamusingreminderstolightenup.B.Ifyoucan’tfindanyhumorathand,recallsomethingfunny.C.Whenyouarearoundthem,you’llbemorelikelytolaughtoo.DButnoteveryoneisgoodatlaughinggenuinelyandaccurately.E.Trytoschedulethisrightafterthemoststressfulpartofyourday.F.Attempttolaughatyourawkwardsituationsratherthanregretthem.G.Avoidnegativepeopleanddon’tholdontothingsthatmakeyouunhappy.【答案】16.D17.F18.A19.C20.B【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。笑是最好的藥。它有助于解決問(wèn)題，改善關(guān)系，支持身心健康。但不是每個(gè)人都擅長(zhǎng)真實(shí)準(zhǔn)確地笑，所以文章就如何讓歡笑成為生活的一部分提出了一些建議?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)后文Readthefollowingsuggestionsandlearntomakelaughterpartofyourlife.可知閱讀下面的建議，學(xué)會(huì)讓歡笑成為你生活的一部分。由此可知，雖然笑很有幫助，但是并不是每個(gè)人都擅長(zhǎng)笑，所以本文提出了一些建議。故D選項(xiàng)“但并不是每個(gè)人都擅長(zhǎng)真實(shí)準(zhǔn)確地笑”符合語(yǔ)境，故選D?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)后文Whensomethingnegativehappens,trytomakeitahumorousstorythatwillmakeyouandotherslaugh.可知當(dāng)消極的事情發(fā)生時(shí)，試著把它變成一個(gè)幽默的故事，讓你和其他人都笑起來(lái)。由此可知，本句旨在建議把消極尷尬的事情拿來(lái)嘲笑，變成一個(gè)幽默的故事，讓你和其他人都笑起來(lái)。故F選項(xiàng)“試著嘲笑你的尷尬處境，而不是后悔”符合語(yǔ)境，故選F?！?8題詳解】本句為本段中心句，根據(jù)后文Keepatoyonyourdeskorinyourcar.Putupafunnyposterinyouroffice.Chooseacomputerscreensaverthatmakesyoulaugh.Framephotosofyouandyourfamilyorfriendshavingfun.Allofthesearegoodresourcesoflaughter.可知在你的桌子上或車(chē)?yán)锓乓粋€(gè)玩具。在你的辦公室貼一張有趣的海報(bào)。選擇一個(gè)讓你笑的電腦屏幕保護(hù)程序。把你和你的家人或朋友玩得很開(kāi)心的照片裱起來(lái)。所有這些都是歡笑的好資源。由此可知，本段是在說(shuō)明用一些東西作為歡笑的資源，來(lái)提醒自己微笑放松。故A選項(xiàng)“用有趣的提醒來(lái)讓自己放松”符合語(yǔ)境，故選A。【19題詳解】結(jié)合上文Spendtimewithfunnypeople.Evenifyoudon’tconsideryourselfahumorousperson,youcanstillseekoutnewfriendswhoarereadytolaughandwhocanmakeyoulaugh.Thesearepeoplewhofindhumorineverydayevents.Theirplayfulpointsofviewandlaughterarecontagious(傳染).可知花時(shí)間和有趣的人在一起。即使你不認(rèn)為自己是一個(gè)幽默的人，你仍然可以尋找那些準(zhǔn)備好笑和能讓你笑的新朋友。這些人在日常生活中發(fā)現(xiàn)幽默。他們戲謔的觀點(diǎn)和笑聲具有感染力。由此可知，本句承接上文說(shuō)明，那些有趣的人有感染力，所以當(dāng)你在他們身邊的時(shí)候，你也更有可能笑。故C選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)你在他們身邊的時(shí)候，你也更有可能笑”符合語(yǔ)境，故選C?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)后文Trythinkingbacktoajokeyouheardorread,oracomedyyouwatched.可知試著回想一下你聽(tīng)到或讀到的笑話(huà)，或你看過(guò)的喜劇。由此可知，本句是在說(shuō)明可以通過(guò)回憶一些有趣的事情，來(lái)讓自己笑。故B選項(xiàng)“如果你手邊找不到任何幽默，回憶一些有趣的事情”符合語(yǔ)境，故選B。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Aliceisastudentwhocametomyclasslastyear.Thoughshehasalreadyturned60,Alicelookssofitand___21___,withabrightsmileandanenthusiasticattitude.IamAlice’steacherinclass,butIfeelsheismyteacherinlife.Formy2-hourclasseverySaturdaymorning,Alicehastotakea3-hourround-tripontheroad.Butsheisnever___22___forclass.AliceisverypassionateaboutlearningEnglish.Sheoftensays,“Don’t___23___measa60-year-old.Iamjustanewbeginnerwhowantstolearnanything___24___.Youknow,Iamveryexcitedtocometotheclass!”SoIfeelastrongsenseof___25___tomakesurewhatIteachmakessensetoher.Alicecametomewithvery___26___Englishskills,butsheturnsouttobeaveryfastlearnerbecauseshealwaysputsEnglish___27___onadailybasis.I___28___herhomeworkbeforeeveryclass.HerhomeworkisusuallynotwhatI___29___fortheclass,ratheritissomethingthatshe____30____toputtogether.Shemakesvarioussentencesusingtheimportantwordsandphrasesshelearnedfromour____31____class.Iamalways____32____bythequalityofherwork.IfeelfortunatetohaveastudentlikeAlice.Shehas____33____mesomuch.Our____34____isagreatlearningexperienceforbothofus.ThoughIhavenoideawhyshelearnsEnglish,IhopeIcanhelpher____35____herdream,whateveritis.21.A.strong B.cheerful C.generous D.proud22.A.anxious B.ready C.late D.meant23.A.treat B.recognize C.mistake D.describe24.A.carefully B.properly C.literally D.eagerly25.A.humor B.achievement C.responsibility D.belonging26.A.special B.basic C.effective D.complicated27.A.inplace B.inmotion C.inorder D.inuse28.A.copy B.check C.mention D.prepare29.A.adjusted B.saved C.assigned D.collected30.A.volunteers B.agrees C.promises D.hesitates31.A.lively B.previous C.typical D.flexible32.A.encouraged B.annoyed C.confused D.impressed33.A.taught B.entertained C.guaranteed D.permitted34.A.appointment B.arrangement C.interaction D.cooperation35.A.playsafewith B.tryoutfor C.letgoof D.getcloserto【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.D25.C26.B27.D28.B29.C30.A31.B32.D33.A34.C35.D【解析】這是一篇記敘文。主要記敘了60歲的Alice對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)很有激情，而且學(xué)習(xí)積極主動(dòng)，給身為老師的作者留下了深刻印象。他們之間的互動(dòng)對(duì)他們倆來(lái)說(shuō)都是一次很好的學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)歷?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然Alice已經(jīng)60歲了，但她看起來(lái)很健康，很開(kāi)朗，笑容燦爛，態(tài)度熱情。A.strong強(qiáng)壯的；B.cheerful開(kāi)朗的，高興的；C.generous慷慨的；D.proud自豪的。根據(jù)后文withabrightsmileandanenthusiasticattitude可知Alice是愛(ài)笑開(kāi)朗的人。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但她上課從不遲到。A.anxious焦慮的；B.ready準(zhǔn)備好的；C.late晚的；D.meant打算。結(jié)合上文Formy2-hourclasseverySaturdaymorning,Alicehastotakea3-hourround-tripontheroad.Butsheisnever可知雖然Alice每天要花三個(gè)小時(shí)來(lái)上課，但是她從不遲到，but表示轉(zhuǎn)折。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：別把我當(dāng)作60歲的人。A.treat對(duì)待；B.recognize識(shí)別；C.mistake弄錯(cuò)；D.describe描述。根據(jù)后文measa60-year-old可知是指將Alice當(dāng)作60歲的人。treatas“把……當(dāng)作，看作”。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我只是一個(gè)初學(xué)者，渴望學(xué)習(xí)任何東西。A.carefully仔細(xì)地；B.properly合適的；C.literally照字面地；D.eagerly渴望地。根據(jù)上文AliceisverypassionateaboutlearningEnglish.可知Alice對(duì)學(xué)英語(yǔ)很有激情，渴望學(xué)習(xí)。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：所以我有一種強(qiáng)烈的責(zé)任感，要確保我教的東西對(duì)她有意義。A.humor幽默；B.achievement成就；C.responsibility責(zé)任；D.belonging所有物。根據(jù)后文tomakesurewhatIteachmakessensetoher.可知作者有一種對(duì)Alice的責(zé)任感，想要確保教的東西對(duì)她有意義。故選C?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Alice來(lái)找我的時(shí)候英語(yǔ)很基礎(chǔ)，但她學(xué)得很快，因?yàn)樗偸窃谌粘Ｉ钪惺褂糜⒄Z(yǔ)。A.special特別的；B.basic基本的；C.effective有效的；D.complicated復(fù)雜的。結(jié)合后文Englishskills,butsheturnsouttobeaveryfastlearner可推知Alice來(lái)的時(shí)候英語(yǔ)技能很基礎(chǔ)，后來(lái)才慢慢學(xué)到了其他的知識(shí)的。故選B?！?7題詳解】考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：Alice來(lái)找我的時(shí)候英語(yǔ)很基礎(chǔ)，但她學(xué)得很快，因?yàn)樗偸窃谌粘Ｉ钪惺褂糜⒄Z(yǔ)。A.inplace適當(dāng)；B.inmotion在運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)中；C.inorder整齊；D.inuse在使用中。結(jié)合后文onadailybasis可推知Alice會(huì)在日常生活中使用英語(yǔ)。故選D?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：每節(jié)課前我都會(huì)檢查她的家庭作業(yè)。A.copy復(fù)制；B.check檢查；C.mention提到；D.prepare準(zhǔn)備。結(jié)合后文賓語(yǔ)herhomework可知是檢查家庭作業(yè)。故選B?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她的家庭作業(yè)通常不是我在課堂上布置的，而是她自愿去做的。A.adjusted調(diào)整；B.saved拯救；C.assigned布置，分配；D.collected收集。結(jié)合上文homeworkisusuallynotwhatI可知是指作者在課堂上布置家庭作業(yè)。故選C。【30題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她的家庭作業(yè)通常不是我在課堂上布置的，而是她自愿去做的。A.volunteers志愿；B.agrees同意；C.promises承諾；D.hesitates猶豫。根據(jù)上文HerhomeworkisusuallynotwhatI可知Alice的作業(yè)不是作者在課堂上布置的，是她自己自愿去做的。故選A?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她用從我們上節(jié)課學(xué)到的重要單詞和短語(yǔ)造句。A.lively活潑的；B.previous早先的，以前的；C.typical典型的；D.flexible靈活的。結(jié)合上文herhomeworkbeforeeveryclass.可知作業(yè)是每節(jié)課之前檢查的，說(shuō)明使用的是上節(jié)課學(xué)到的單詞短語(yǔ)。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她的作業(yè)質(zhì)量總是給我留下深刻印象。A.encouraged受到鼓舞的；B.annoyed惱怒的；C.confused困惑的；D.impressed印象深刻的。結(jié)合上文的描述來(lái)看，Alice自發(fā)地寫(xiě)作業(yè)，而且作業(yè)質(zhì)量還很高，所以她的家庭作業(yè)給作者留下了深刻印象。故選D。【33題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她教會(huì)了我很多。A.taught教授；B.entertained娛樂(lè)；C.guaranteed保證；D.permitted允許。根據(jù)后文isagreatlearningexperienceforbothofus.可知Alice也教會(huì)了作者很多事情。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們的互動(dòng)對(duì)我們倆來(lái)說(shuō)都是一次很好的學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)歷。A.appointment任命；B.arrangement安排；C.interaction互動(dòng)；D.cooperation合作。根據(jù)后文isagreatlearningexperienceforbothofus.可知作者和Alice是互相學(xué)習(xí)，是一種互動(dòng)。故選C。【35題詳解】考查短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：雖然我不知道她為什么學(xué)英語(yǔ)，但