【高二下期末】浙江省麗水市2021-2022學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期普通高中教學(xué)質(zhì)量監(jiān)控期末考試英語(yǔ)試卷（解析版）

2/2麗水市2021學(xué)年第二學(xué)期普通高中教學(xué)質(zhì)量監(jiān)控高二英語(yǔ)試題卷本試卷分第Ⅰ卷（選擇題）和第Ⅱ卷（非選擇題）。第Ⅰ卷1至8頁(yè)，第Ⅱ卷8至10頁(yè)?？荚嚱Y(jié)束，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第Ⅰ卷第一部分：聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）第一節(jié)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)。每段對(duì)話(huà)后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話(huà)后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話(huà)僅讀一遍。1.Whereistheman’sphonenow?A.Inthecar.B.Inthegym.C.Inthewoman’sbag.2.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Playbasketball.B.Washhands.C.Cookdinner.3.Howdoesthewomanprobablyfeelnow?A.Tired.B.Hungry.C.Angry.4.Whatcolorshirtisthemanwearingtoday?A.White.B.Blue.C.Red.5.Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantobuy?A.Acake.B.Somesugar.C.Somechocolate.第二節(jié)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Howlonghasthemanbeeninpain?A.Forfivedays.B.Foroneweek.C.Fortwoweeks.7.Whosuggestedthemedicinetotheman?A.Hisdoctor.B.Hisfriend.C.Hiscoach.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inacafé.B.Inanoffice.C.Inaclassroom.9.WhatdoesJimdo?A.Heisalawyer.B.Heisateacher.C.Heisanengineer.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whobegantoworkaftergraduation?A.Thewoman’sfather.B.Thewoman’smother.C.Thewoman’sbrother.11.Wheredoesthewomanwanttowork?A.Ataseniorschool.B.Atajuniorschool.C.Atauniversity.12.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Trytochangeherfather’smind.B.Askherteacherforadvice.C.Makealistofheroptions.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatkindofrestaurantsmightthespeakersbein?A.AnItalianrestaurant.B.AChineserestaurant.C.AFrenchrestaurant.14.Whatisthepurposeofthewoman’scomingtotheU.S.?A.Toexperiencethelocalfood.B.Tomeettheman’sparents.C.Toattenduniversity.15.Whydoesthewomanfeelnervous?A.Shecan’tuseknivesandforksskillfully.B.Shehasn’tmettheman’sparentsbefore.C.Shecan’taffordthemeal.16.Whatdoesthemaneatwithafterthefoodiscutup?A.Chopsticks.B.Aknife.C.Afork.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatisthetalkmainlyabout?A.Anintroductiontoanewlesson.B.Apresentationaboutseapollution.CAnannouncementduringaschooltrip.18.Whatwilltheclassdothismorning?A.VisittheSeaLifeCenter.B.Practicemathandspelling.C.Workontheirsciencetopic.19.Howmuchwilleachstudentpayforthetrip?A.￡5.00.B.￡10.00.C.￡20.00.20.Whatseasonisit?A.Fall.B.Winter.C.Summer.第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分35分）第一節(jié)（共10小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分25分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AWanderthroughEdinburghandyouwillfindWalterScott,Scotland’smostfamousnovelist,everywhere:pubsnamedaftercharactersorplacesinhisbooks,hiswalkingcaneandslippersinTheWriters’Museum.JustoutsidetheWaverleytrainstation,Scott’sstatuestandsbeneathamonumentaffectionatelynicknamedtheRocket.Builtin1840,eightyearsafterhisdeathattheageof61,theScottMonumentcapturestheextremeregardforthisinternationalbestsellingwriterandsonofEdinburgh.Scott’sadventuroushistoricalstories,setagainstadramaticbackgroundofhighmountains,darklakesanddeepvalleys,broughtavisionofScotlandtotheworld.Ashisfriend,JaneAustenonceremarked,Scotthadtwocareersinliterature.HequicklybecameEurope’smostfamouspoetin1805withimmediatesuccessofhisfirstnarrativepoem,TheLayoftheLastMinstrel,thetaleoftwoloversonoppositesidesofafamilyconflict.A1810book-lengthpoemofKingJamesV’sstruggleswiththepowerfulfamilyDouglas,TheLadyoftheLakewouldhaveobtainedhisreputationonitsown.Selling25,000copiesineightmonths,itbrokerecordsforpoetrysalesandbroughtitssetting,thefantasticLakeKatrine,totheattentionofanovel(新穎的)tourismindustry.Scottalsowrotesongsandcollectedballadsforfuture,butafterthesuccessofhispoetry,heturnedtonovelwritinginhis40s.Fornearly20yearsheproducedaseriesoffatnovels,whichspreadhisreputationaroundtheglobefurtherstill.Althoughinvolvinginthegothicstylepopularatthetime,Scottfavouredhistoricalthemes,notonlysetinScotlandbutalsoEngland,France,Syriaandelsewhere,asfarbackasthe11thcentury.However,thesedays,Scott’swritinghasfallenoutoffashionthanksinparttotheabsolutelengthofthenovels.Waverley,Scott’sexplorationoftheJacobiteuprisingof1745,lendsitselftopoliticalasmuchasliteraryanalysis.TheHighlandWidowcapturestheconflictedmoodofayoungladwho,seekingbetterfortune,joinsintheBlackWatch,upsettinghismother.Drugginghersonsohemisseshisappointment,shesendshimtomilitaryexecution(處決).Althoughwritteninasentimental(傷感的)stylepopularatthetime,thestoryfindsmuchtosayaboutnationaltensions,militaryoccupation,andculturalconflictinthelivesofpost-UnionScots.1.WhywillyoufindWalterScotteverywherewhenwanderingthroughEdinburgh?A.BecausethecharactersorplacesinhisbooksaresetonlyinScotland.B.BecausepubsinEdinburgharefondofbeingnamedafterWalterScott.C.BecauseWalterScott’scaneandslippersaredisplayedintheWriters’Museum.D.BecauseWalterScottisaninternationalbestsellingauthorandsonofEdinburgh.2.Nowadays,WalterScott’snovelsarenolongersofashionablepartlybecausetheyaretoo________.A.lengthy B.novel C.uninteresting D.complicated3.Whichofthefollowingisaboutthestoryoftwolovers’familyconflict?A.Waverley. B.TheLadyoftheLake.C.TheHighlandWidow. D.TheLayoftheLastMinstrel.【答案】1.D2.A3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文，文章介紹了蘇格蘭最著名的小說(shuō)家WalterScott及其作品?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Builtin1840,eightyearsafterhisdeathattheageof61,theScottMonumentcapturestheextremeregardforthisinternationalbestsellingwriterandsonofEdinburgh.(Scott享年61歲，在他逝世八年后，Scott紀(jì)念碑于1840年建成，體現(xiàn)了這位國(guó)際暢銷(xiāo)作家和愛(ài)丁堡之子的崇高敬意)”可知，WalterScott是一位國(guó)際暢銷(xiāo)書(shū)作家，也出生于愛(ài)丁堡，所以在愛(ài)丁堡閑逛時(shí)，到處都能發(fā)現(xiàn)關(guān)于這位作家的蹤跡，故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“However,thesedays,Scott’swritinghasfallenoutoffashionthanksinparttotheabsolutelengthofthenovels.(然而，如今，Scott的作品已經(jīng)不再流行，部分原因是小說(shuō)真的很長(zhǎng))”可知，如今WalterScott的小說(shuō)不再流行，部分原因是其小說(shuō)太長(zhǎng)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“HequicklybecameEurope’smostfamouspoetin1805withimmediatesuccessofhisfirstnarrativepoem,TheLayoftheLastMinstrel,thetaleoftwoloversonoppositesidesofafamilyconflict.(1805年，他的第一首敘事詩(shī)TheLayoftheLastMinstrel迅速獲得成功，他很快成為歐洲最著名的詩(shī)人，這首詩(shī)講述了兩個(gè)在家庭沖突中對(duì)立的戀人的故事)”可知，TheLayoftheLastMinstrel講述了兩個(gè)戀人的家庭矛盾。故選D項(xiàng)。BSixteenmilesoffthewindsweptcoastofnorthernScotland,thefutureofrenewableenergyistakingshape.Turningrhythmicallyinthebreeze,thefiveenormousturbinesoftheHywindScotlandwindfarmlooklikeanyotheroff-shorewindproject,exceptonemajordifference—they’refloating.Whileconventionaloffshoreturbinessitatopmentalandconcretetowersfixedintotheseabed,Hywind’sturbinesrestonfloatingsteelstructuresthatriseandfallwithwaves.Carefullybalanced,theyremainuprightdespitethewavingconditions.Thissimplesounding,yetextremelycomplexdesignischangingthewaygreendevelopersviewoffshorewind.ItcouldprovetobeanimportantdevelopmentastheworldattemptstomeetthenetzerocarbonemissiontargetsthatcountriescommittedtointheParisAgreementonClimateChange.Theenergydepartmentasawholecurrentlyaccountsforaroundthreequartersofallthegreenhousegasesemittedbyhumanactivity.Tocutthoseemissions,greenelectricitywillneedtobeatthemainsourceofglobalenergy,accordingtotheInternationalEnergyAgency.Itsaysthatby2024,halfoftheworld’senergyneedswillhavetobemetbyelectricityproducedinanetzeroway.Withgrowingnumbersofelectricvehicles,combinedwithincreaseddemandforelectricitytoreplacefossilfuelsindomesticandindustrialuses,electricitynetworkswillalsoneedtobecomefarmoreflexiblewithmorewaystogenerateandstoreenergy.Itmeansthatby2045,ourenergynetworkcouldlookthoroughlydifferenttothewayitdoestoday.ProjectslikeHywind’sfloatingwindfarmofferapresent-dayglimpseofwhatthefuturecouldlooklike.Whilefloatingturbinesovercomesomeoftheissuesthatmakeoffshorewindfarmsindeepwatersimpossible,therearestillchallengestobeovercome.Therearesomeconcernsaboutwhatimpactlargewindturbinesmighthaveonthemarineenvironment.Thepriceoffloatingwindprojectsisalsostillhigh—costingalmosttwiceasmuchpermegawatthourofelectricityproducedcomparedtobottom-fixedoffshorewind.Butthosecostsareexpectedtodropasthetechnologybecomesincreasinglyadvanced,ashasbeenseenwithotherwindenergyprojects,helpingpavethewaytowardsnetzeroemissions,andafuturepoweredbycarbon-freefuel.4.Whichofthefollowingwordscanreplacetheunderlinedword“emitted”inthethirdparagraph?A.Released. B.Replaced. C.Wasted. D.Influenced.5.Whatistheauthor’sopiniononfloatingwindprojects?A.Disapproving. B.Objective. C.Doubtful. D.Indifferent.6.Whatistheauthor’spurposeofwritingthistext?A.Tosharehisresearchonenergy. B.Tocallonpeopletosaveenergy.C.Toreplacethetraditionalfossilfuels. D.Tointroduceacleanrenewableenergy.【答案】4.A5.B6.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了一個(gè)名為“浮風(fēng)項(xiàng)目”的項(xiàng)目，可以提供一種新的清潔能源，介紹了其優(yōu)勢(shì)以及仍然存在的挑戰(zhàn)?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段中“ItcouldprovetobeanimportantdevelopmentastheworldattemptstomeetthenetzerocarbonemissiontargetsthatcountriescommittedtointheParisAgreementonClimateChange.(在世界各國(guó)努力實(shí)現(xiàn)《巴黎氣候變化協(xié)定》中承諾的凈零碳排放目標(biāo)之際，這可能是一項(xiàng)重要的進(jìn)展)”以及畫(huà)線(xiàn)詞上文“Theenergydepartmentasawholecurrentlyaccountsforaroundthreequartersofallthegreenhousegases”可知，能源部門(mén)作為一個(gè)整體，目前約占人類(lèi)活動(dòng)排放的所有溫室氣體的四分之三。故畫(huà)線(xiàn)詞意思是“釋放”。故選A。【5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Whilefloatingturbinesovercomesomeoftheissuesthatmakeoffshorewindfarmsindeepwatersimpossible,therearestillchallengestobeovercome.Therearesomeconcernsaboutwhatimpactlargewindturbinesmighthaveonthemarineenvironment.Thepriceoffloatingwindprojectsisalsostillhigh—costingalmosttwiceasmuchpermegawatthourofelectricityproducedcomparedtobottom-fixedoffshorewind.Butthosecostsareexpectedtodropasthetechnologybecomesincreasinglyadvanced,ashasbeenseenwithotherwindenergyprojects,helpingpavethewaytowardsnetzeroemissions,andafuturepoweredbycarbon-freefuel.(雖然浮式渦輪機(jī)克服了一些使深海海上風(fēng)力發(fā)電場(chǎng)無(wú)法實(shí)現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題，但仍有一些挑戰(zhàn)需要克服。有些人擔(dān)心大型風(fēng)力渦輪機(jī)可能會(huì)對(duì)海洋環(huán)境造成什么影響。浮動(dòng)風(fēng)力發(fā)電項(xiàng)目的價(jià)格也依然很高——每兆瓦時(shí)發(fā)電的成本幾乎是底部固定的海上風(fēng)力發(fā)電的兩倍。但隨著技術(shù)越來(lái)越先進(jìn)，這些成本預(yù)計(jì)會(huì)下降，正如其他風(fēng)能項(xiàng)目所看到的那樣，這有助于為實(shí)現(xiàn)凈零排放和無(wú)碳燃料驅(qū)動(dòng)的未來(lái)鋪平道路)”可推知，作者既提到了好處也提到了問(wèn)題，即作者對(duì)浮風(fēng)項(xiàng)目是客觀(guān)態(tài)度。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Whileconventionaloffshoreturbinessitatopmentalandconcretetowersfixedintotheseabed,Hywind’sturbinesrestonfloatingsteelstructuresthatriseandfallwithwaves.Carefullybalanced,theyremainuprightdespitethewavingconditions.Thissimplesounding,yetextremelycomplexdesignischangingthewaygreendevelopersviewoffshorewind.(傳統(tǒng)的海上渦輪機(jī)安裝在固定在海床上的金屬和混凝土塔上，而海風(fēng)公司的渦輪機(jī)安裝在浮動(dòng)的鋼結(jié)構(gòu)上，隨著海浪起伏。它們小心翼翼地保持平衡，即使在波浪中也能保持直立。這種聽(tīng)起來(lái)簡(jiǎn)單，但極其復(fù)雜的設(shè)計(jì)正在改變綠色開(kāi)發(fā)商對(duì)海上風(fēng)能的看法)”結(jié)合文章主要介紹了一個(gè)名為“浮風(fēng)項(xiàng)目”的項(xiàng)目，可以提供一種新的清潔能源，介紹了其優(yōu)勢(shì)以及仍然存在的挑戰(zhàn)?？赏浦髡邔?xiě)這篇文章的目的是介紹一種清潔的可再生能源。故選D。CIn1810,duringhisfirstGrandTourofEurope,ByroncarvedhisnameintoacolumnbaseoftheTempleofPoseidonontheAegeancoast.AlthoughByronhimselfmightnothaveactuallywrittenthenamethatisleftthere,thestoryhasbecomepartofthehistoryofthemonument,searchedforbyhisadmirersamongthehundredsofothernamescarvedalloverthetemple.Moderngraffiti,however,ismetwithaverydifferentreaction.In2014aRussiantouristwasfined€20,000forcarvingalarge“K”onawalloftheColosseuminRome,thefifthsuchincidentthatyear.Whatisthethinkingbehindsuchacts?Aretouristsaimingforillfametobecomepartofthemonument’shistory?Orisitsimplypartoftheexperienceofvisitingthesite?And,further,whyishistoricalgraffiti,whichwasequallydestructive,consideredhistoricheritages?Themotivesbehindthemare,afterall,probablythesame,however,graffiticomestotellusaboutlivesandmomentsthatmightotherwisehavebeenlost.Theearliestgraffitiofaperson’snameonamonumenthasbeenidentifiedbythehistorianLionelCassoninacaveatWadiHammamatinEgyptin2000BC.ThenameofHenaiscutintothesandstonealongsidealistofhisachievements.InancientGreece,too,stoas(柱廊)werethemeetingplacesofphilosophersandtheplacesforschoolboys’lessons.WethereforeoftenseealphabetsandHomericpoemswrittenontheirwalls.Anditisnotjustmonumentsandbuildings:Miltiades,ageneralfromtheBattleofMarathonin490BC,carvedhisnameintothehelmethewore.IntheAthens,too,aSpartanshield(盾)wasfoundwithwordsnotingthattheAthenianscaptureditduringtheBattlein425BC.Withoutsuchgraffiti,theobjectswouldstillbeimpressive,butfarlessusefulforhistorians,astheirwritingprovidesanexactoriginalplace.Inthe21stcentury,however,withtherapidincreaseintourism,ifeveryonedecidedtoleavetheirmark,thesesiteswouldbeirretrievable(不可挽回地)destroyed.PerhapsBeijing’scontroversialnewfreegraffitizonesoncertainsectionsoftheGreatWallofChinawillsatisfythedesiretocarveourownpieceofhistoryintothelimitedresourceofthemonument,thoughitseemsunlikelythatitwilleasilybecontainedtoonearea.Regardless,itisimportantthatweprotectthesemonuments—andthegraffitithatsomeofthemalreadycontain.7.WhyisBaron’scarvinghisnameintothecolumnbasementionedinthefirstparagraph?A.Tointroducetherelatedtopic. B.Toattractmorepeopletocopyhim.C.Toshowhisadmirerstosearch. D.Tobecomepartofthestoryofthemonument.8.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.ItwasactuallyByronthatwroteandcarvedhisnamethere.B.ItwasthefifthtimethattheRussiantouristhadbeenfinedthatyear.C.Ancientgraffitiwascarvedmorethanonmonumentsandbuildings.D.Themotivesbehindancientandmoderngraffitiarecompletelythesame.9.Wherewastheearliestgraffitiofaperson’snameonamonumentdiscovered?A.InacaveinEgypt. B.InatempleontheAegeancoast.C.OnawalloftheColosseuminRome. D.InanancientmeetingplaceinGreece.10.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A.WhatwastheEarliestGraffiti? B.What’stheWaytoProtectGraffiti?C.WhatCanWeLearnFromAncientGraffiti? D.WhatwastheMotivationofAncientGraffiti?【答案】7.A8.C9.A10.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文提到古代涂鴉很重要，對(duì)于歷史學(xué)家考古研究具有重大意義，也更有助于現(xiàn)代人更好地了解歷史?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，根據(jù)第三段“Whatisthethinkingbehindsuchacts?Aretouristsaimingforillfametobecomepartofthemonument’shistory?Orisitsimplypartoftheexperienceofvisitingthesite?And,further,whyishistoricalgraffiti,whichwasequallydestructive,consideredhistoricheritages?Themotivesbehindthemare,afterall,probablythesame,however,graffiticomestotellusaboutlivesandmomentsthatmightotherwisehavebeenlost.(這種行為背后的思想是什么？游客們是想讓惡名成為紀(jì)念碑歷史的一部分嗎？還是僅僅是參觀(guān)網(wǎng)站體驗(yàn)的一部分？此外，為什么同樣具有破壞性的歷史涂鴉被認(rèn)為是歷史遺產(chǎn)？畢竟，涂鴉背后的動(dòng)機(jī)可能是相同的，然而，涂鴉是為了告訴我們那些可能已經(jīng)失去的生活和時(shí)刻)”可知，本文主要想討論，涂鴉的意義，古今涂鴉的區(qū)別。由此可知，第一段提及拜倫把他的名字刻在欄基上是為了引出相關(guān)話(huà)題。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Theearliestgraffitiofaperson’snameonamonumenthasbeenidentifiedbythehistorianLionelCassoninacaveatWadiHammamatinEgyptin2000BC.ThenameofHenaiscutintothesandstonealongsidealistofhisachievements.InancientGreece,too,stoas(柱廊)werethemeetingplacesofphilosophersandtheplacesforschoolboys’lessons.WethereforeoftenseealphabetsandHomericpoemswrittenontheirwalls.(歷史學(xué)家萊昂內(nèi)爾·卡森于公元前2000年在埃及瓦迪·哈馬馬特的一個(gè)洞穴中發(fā)現(xiàn)了紀(jì)念碑上最早的人名涂鴉。砂巖上刻著赫那的名字，旁邊是他的成就。在古希臘，柱廊也是哲學(xué)家聚會(huì)的地方，也是學(xué)校男孩上課的地方。因此，我們經(jīng)常在墻上看到字母和荷馬史詩(shī))”可知，古代的涂鴉不僅雕刻在紀(jì)念碑和建筑上，還有刻在洞穴，砂巖和學(xué)校的墻上等。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Theearliestgraffitiofaperson’snameonamonumenthasbeenidentifiedbythehistorianLionelCassoninacaveatWadiHammamatinEgyptin2000BC.(歷史學(xué)家萊昂內(nèi)爾·卡森于公元前2000年在埃及瓦迪·哈馬馬特的一個(gè)洞穴中發(fā)現(xiàn)了紀(jì)念碑上最早的人名涂鴉)”可知，紀(jì)念碑上最早的人名涂鴉是在埃及的一個(gè)山洞里。故選A?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Withoutsuchgraffiti,theobjectswouldstillbeimpressive,butfarlessusefulforhistorians,astheirwritingprovidesanexactoriginalplace.(如果沒(méi)有這樣的涂鴉，這些物品仍然會(huì)令人印象深刻，但對(duì)歷史學(xué)家來(lái)說(shuō)卻遠(yuǎn)沒(méi)有那么有用，因?yàn)樗鼈兊奈淖痔峁┝艘粋€(gè)確切的原始位置)”可知，古代人留下的涂鴉對(duì)于歷史學(xué)家的考古研究來(lái)說(shuō)具有重大意義，這些涂鴉包含一些有用信息以供研究，由此可知，本文主要說(shuō)明了我們可以從古代涂鴉中了解到什么。由此可知，C項(xiàng)“我們能從古代涂鴉中了解到什么？”適合作本文最佳標(biāo)題。故選C。第二節(jié)（共5個(gè)小題；每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。MyBuddhistteacheroncetoldmethatinsomniawas“theprocessoftryingtofallasleep”.Hesaidfallingasleepisn’tsomethingyoutrytodo.____11____Itwilloccurnaturallyintheabsenceofobstaclespreventingit.Soundsright,butwhatdoesthatmeanforthoseofuswhocontinuallycomeacrosstheseobstacles?Sleepisourbirthright.Butwemustfocuslessoncreatingtheperfectexternalconditionsandmoreoncultivatinganinternalenvironmentwithinourbodiesthatallowssleeptooccur.____12____Anoveractivatednervoussystem.Theautonomicnervoussystem(ANS)isthepartofthenervoussystemthatcontrolsanybodilyfunctionsthataren’tconsciouslydirected,ofcoursesleepincluded.____13____Theanswerisliterallyrightunderournoses—changethewaywebreathe,oneofthemosteffectivewaystotreatinsomnia.____14____IthasaprofoundeffectontheANS—anditmightjustchangeyourlife.Coherentbreathinginvolvesbreathingatarelaxedrhythmoffivebreathsperminute,around70percentslowerthanweusuallybreathe.Scientificresearchhasfoundthatformostadults,breathingataroundfivebreathsperminuteisthebesthumanbreathrateandleadstoanear-perfectbalanceinthenervoussystem.Ifyoumakeitpartofyournight-timeroutine,itmightjusttransformthethirdofyourlifethatyouspendasleep.____15____A.Andwhatisthemaininternalobstacle?B.Instead,itisanautomaticbiologicalprocess.C.Sohowcanwebreatheourwaytobettersleep?D.Sohowcanwereducethisconstantactivationofournervoussystem?E.Thereisapowerfulbreathworktechniquecalled“coherentbreathing”.F.Coherentbreathingcancreatearelaxationresponsewithinjustafewminutes.G.Anditmightallowyoutolivetheothertwothirdsfeelinghappierandhealthier.【答案】11.B12.A13.D14.E15.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要就如何改善失眠，更好地入睡提出了一些建議?！?1題詳解】根據(jù)上文“MyBuddhistteacheroncetoldmethatinsomniawas“theprocessoftryingtofallasleep”.Hesaidfallingasleepisn’tsomethingyoutrytodo.(我的佛教老師曾經(jīng)告訴我，失眠是“試圖入睡的過(guò)程”。他說(shuō)入睡不是你想做的事)”以及后文“Itwilloccurnaturallyintheabsenceofobstaclespreventingit.(它會(huì)在沒(méi)有障礙的情況下自然發(fā)生)”可知，入睡不是想做的事，而是一個(gè)自動(dòng)的生物過(guò)程，會(huì)在沒(méi)有障礙的情況下自然發(fā)生。故B選項(xiàng)“相反，它是一個(gè)自動(dòng)的生物過(guò)程”符合語(yǔ)境，故選B。【12題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Soundsright,butwhatdoesthatmeanforthoseofuswhocontinuallycomeacrosstheseobstacles?Sleepisourbirthright.Butwemustfocuslessoncreatingtheperfectexternalconditionsandmoreoncultivatinganinternalenvironmentwithinourbodiesthatallowssleeptooccur.(聽(tīng)起來(lái)不錯(cuò)，但這對(duì)我們這些不斷遇到這些障礙的人意味著什么呢？睡眠是我們與生俱來(lái)的權(quán)利。但我們必須少關(guān)注創(chuàng)造完美的外部條件，多關(guān)注培養(yǎng)我們身體內(nèi)部的環(huán)境，讓睡眠發(fā)生)”以及后文“Anoveractivatednervoussystem.(過(guò)度活躍的神經(jīng)系統(tǒng))”可知，本句為關(guān)于“內(nèi)部環(huán)境”的設(shè)問(wèn)句，旨在引出后文的答案：過(guò)度活躍的神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)。故A選項(xiàng)“主要的內(nèi)部障礙是什么？”符合語(yǔ)境，故選A?！?3題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Theanswerisliterallyrightunderournoses—changethewaywebreathe,oneofthemosteffectivewaystotreatinsomnia.(過(guò)度活躍的神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)答案就在我們眼皮底下——改變我們的呼吸方式，這是治療失眠最有效的方法之一)”可知，后文提到了過(guò)度活躍的神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)答案，可見(jiàn)本句是在針對(duì)此問(wèn)題進(jìn)行提問(wèn)。故D選項(xiàng)“我們?nèi)绾螠p少這種神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的持續(xù)激活？”符合語(yǔ)境，故選D?！?4題詳解】根據(jù)后文“IthasaprofoundeffectontheANS—anditmightjustchangeyourlife.Coherentbreathinginvolvesbreathingatarelaxedrhythmoffivebreathsperminute,around70percentslowerthanweusuallybreathe.(它對(duì)ANS有著深遠(yuǎn)的影響——它可能會(huì)改變你的生活。連貫呼吸是指以每分鐘5次的放松節(jié)奏呼吸，比我們通常的呼吸速度慢70%左右)”可知，本句主要提出“連貫呼吸”這一概念，E選項(xiàng)中Coherentbreathing對(duì)應(yīng)后文中Coherentbreathing。故E選項(xiàng)“有一種強(qiáng)大的呼吸練習(xí)技巧叫做‘連貫呼吸’”符合語(yǔ)境，故選E?！?5題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Coherentbreathinginvolvesbreathingatarelaxedrhythmoffivebreathsperminute,around70percentslowerthanweusuallybreathe.Scientificresearchhasfoundthatformostadults,breathingataroundfivebreathsperminuteisthebesthumanbreathrateandleadstoanear-perfectbalanceinthenervoussystem.Ifyoumakeitpartofyournight-timeroutine,itmightjusttransformthethirdofyourlifethatyouspendasleep.(連貫呼吸是指以每分鐘5次的放松節(jié)奏呼吸，比我們通常的呼吸速度慢70%左右?？茖W(xué)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，對(duì)于大多數(shù)成年人來(lái)說(shuō)，每分鐘呼吸5次左右是最佳的人類(lèi)呼吸頻率，可以使神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)達(dá)到近乎完美的平衡。如果你讓睡眠成為你夜間生活的一部分，它可能會(huì)改變你生命中三分之一的睡眠時(shí)間)”可知，本句為本段最后一句，應(yīng)承接上文繼續(xù)說(shuō)明連貫呼吸的作用：讓你在剩下的三分之二的時(shí)間里感覺(jué)更快樂(lè)、更健康。故G選項(xiàng)“它可能會(huì)讓你在剩下的三分之二的時(shí)間里感覺(jué)更快樂(lè)、更健康”符合語(yǔ)境，故選G。第三部分：語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分45分）第一節(jié)：完形填空（共20個(gè)小題，每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Wehadbeenpracticingforweekstomakeourfinaldayspecial.Lastyear,ourdramateacherhadputinlotsofeffortto____16____ustoperforma“flashmob(快閃)”onthe____17____dayofschoolinfrontof400childrenandtheirparentsandteachers.Ittookusawhiletodecidetheright____18____,andtherightmovesforthe____19____.Atthetime,everyone____20____thesong“ChampagneShowers”,andwefinallydecidedthatwasoursong.EveryThursdayalltheyear-sixclasseswouldgatherto____21____themovementsand,asitgotcloserandclosertothefinaldayofschool,wegotmore____22____thanwe’deverbeen.Whenthedayfinallyarrived,weweremore____23____thannewbornpups,andwewerealsosonervousthatourlittleheartswerebeatingfastandourstomachswerefullofbutterflies.Acting____24____weweretotallycalminfrontofthe____25____wasnoteasy.____26____“ChampagneShowers”blared(響)acrossthegreathall.Myheartwasbeatingsofast.Everyonegotupandstarted____27____.Ithinkweweremoresurprisedthantheaudiencesthatwere____28____us.Standingstillonceagain,wegotahugeroundofapplause.Itmadeusfeelso____29____onthatfinalday.Wegotsomuch____30____afterwards.AtleastIdon’thaveto____31____thatanymore.ThatwasthebestdayI’veeverhad,andthebestperformancethat____32____atourschoolhaveevergivenontheirfinalday.Iwillnever____33____howIfeltonthatfinaldayofschool,frommystomachbeingfullofbutterfliestoleavingthestagefullof____34____.Itwasthemost____35____finalday!16.A.help B.want C.order D.warn17.A.first B.same C.final D.next18.A.instrument B.stage C.voice D.music19.A.performance B.journey C.interview D.competition20.A.liked B.composed C.purchased D.envied21.A.teach B.create C.practice D.discuss22.A.humble B.nervous C.curious D.dynamic23.A.dangerous B.excited C.interested D.violent24.A.nowthat B.sothat C.asif D.evenif25.A.visitors B.civilians C.operators D.audiences26.A.Particularly B.Suddenly C.Strangely D.Precisely27.A.singing B.dancing C.laughing D.judging28.A.admiring B.slapping C.criticizing D.justifying29.A.similar B.useful C.necessary D.special30.A.change B.praise C.advice D.power31.A.putoff B.giveup C.worryabout D.preparefor32.A.actors B.passengers C.foreigners D.students33.A.express B.guess C.forget D.describe34.A.pride B.hope C.upset D.fear35.A.international B.awful C.amazing D.crowded【答案】16.A17.C18.D19.A20.A21.C22.B23.B24.C25.D26.B27.B28.A29.D30.B31.C32.D33.C34.A35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為一篇夾敘夾議文。文章講述了在小學(xué)最后一天，作者所在的六年級(jí)學(xué)生為全校師生、家長(zhǎng)展示了一次“快閃”，作者體會(huì)到了排練時(shí)的緊張和表演完離場(chǎng)時(shí)的自豪，這一天是他不會(huì)忘懷的特殊的一天。16題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：去年，我們的戲劇老師花了很多精力幫助我們，在學(xué)校的最后一天在400個(gè)孩子、他們的家長(zhǎng)和老師面前表演了一場(chǎng)“快閃”。A.help幫助；B.want想要；C.order命令；D.warn警告。根據(jù)第一句“Wehadbeenpracticingforweekstomakeourfinaldayspecial.(我們已經(jīng)練習(xí)了幾個(gè)星期，為了讓我們的最后一天變得特別。)”，以及句中的ourdramateacherhadputinlotsofeffort可知，作者和同學(xué)們?cè)诶蠋煹摹皫椭╤elp）”下組織了一次“快閃”。故選A項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：去年，我們的戲劇老師花了很多精力幫助我們?cè)趯W(xué)校的最后一天在400個(gè)孩子、他們的家長(zhǎng)和老師面前表演了一場(chǎng)“快閃”。A.first最前面的；B.same同一的；C.final最后的；D.next接下來(lái)的。根據(jù)上文“Wehadbeenpracticingforweekstomakeourfinaldayspecial.(我們已經(jīng)練習(xí)了幾個(gè)星期，為了讓我們的最后一天變得特別。)”，其中的finalday為復(fù)現(xiàn)詞，故選C項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們花了一段時(shí)間來(lái)決定合適的音樂(lè)和表演的正確動(dòng)作。A.instrument樂(lè)器；B.stage舞臺(tái)；C.voice聲音；D.music音樂(lè)。根據(jù)下文“Atthetime,everyone5thesong‘ChampagneShowers’,andwefinallydecidedthatwasoursong.(當(dāng)時(shí)，所有人都喜歡《香檳淋浴》這首歌，我們最終決定它是我們的歌。)”，選歌，即選這次快閃的音樂(lè)，故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們花了一段時(shí)間來(lái)決定合適的音樂(lè)和表演的正確動(dòng)作。A.performance表演；B.journey旅程；C.interview面試；D.competition比賽。根據(jù)上文“Lastyear,ourdramateacherhadputinlotsofeffortto1ustoperforma‘flashmob(快閃)’onthe2dayofschoolinfrontof400childrenandtheirparentsandteachers.(去年，我們的戲劇老師花了很多精力幫助我們，在學(xué)校的最后一天在400個(gè)孩子、他們的家長(zhǎng)和老師面前表演了一場(chǎng)‘快閃’。)”，其中的perform為同根復(fù)現(xiàn)詞，故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)時(shí)，所有人都喜歡《香檳淋浴》這首歌，我們最終決定這是我們的歌。A.liked喜歡；B.composed作曲；C.purchased購(gòu)買(mǎi)；D.envied羨慕。根據(jù)后半句“andwefinallydecidedthatwasoursong.”，能得到大家認(rèn)同的曲子，應(yīng)該是大家都喜歡的歌曲。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：每周四，六年級(jí)所有的班級(jí)都會(huì)聚在一起練習(xí)這些動(dòng)作。A.teach教；B.create創(chuàng)造；C.practice練習(xí)；D.discuss討論。根據(jù)第一段第一句“Wehadbeenpracticingforweekstomakeourfinaldayspecial.(為了讓最后一天變得特別，我們已經(jīng)練習(xí)了好幾個(gè)星期。)”可知，practice為復(fù)現(xiàn)詞。故選C項(xiàng)。【22題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：隨著最后一天的臨近，我們比以往任何時(shí)候都要緊張。A.humble謙遜的；B.nervous神經(jīng)緊張的；C.curious好奇的；D.dynamic充滿(mǎn)活力的。根據(jù)下文“Whenthedayfinallyarrived,weweremore8thannewbornpups,andwewerealsosonervousthatourlittleheartswerebeatingfastandourstomachswerefullofbutterflies.(當(dāng)這一天終于到來(lái)的時(shí)候，我們比剛出生的小狗崽還興奮，還緊張得小心臟跳得飛快，心里七上八下的。)”,其中的“alsonervous”可知，作者他們很“緊張（nervous）”，為復(fù)現(xiàn)詞。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)這一天終于到來(lái)的時(shí)候，我們比剛出生的小狗崽還興奮，還緊張得小心臟跳得飛快，心里七上八下的。A.dangerous危險(xiǎn)的；B.excited興奮的；C.interested感興趣的；D.violent暴力的。根據(jù)下文“Acting9weweretotallycalminfrontofthe10wasnoteasy(在觀(guān)眾面前表現(xiàn)得鎮(zhèn)定自若并不容易。)”可知，這場(chǎng)精心準(zhǔn)備多時(shí)的“快閃”表演即將來(lái)臨，參加“快閃”的學(xué)生們?cè)诒硌葜埃傺b很平靜，說(shuō)明內(nèi)心其實(shí)很“興奮（excited）”了。故選B項(xiàng)。【24題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：在觀(guān)眾面前表現(xiàn)得好像鎮(zhèn)定自若并不容易。A.nowthat既然；B.sothat以便；C.asif好像；D.evenif即使。根據(jù)上文“Whenthedayfinallyarrived,weweremore8thannewbornpups,andwewerealsosonervousthatourlittleheartswerebeatingfastandourstomachswerefullofbutterflies.(當(dāng)這一天終于到來(lái)的時(shí)候，我們比剛出生的小狗崽還興奮，還緊張得小心臟跳得飛快，心里七上八下的。)”可知，一群學(xué)生，在“快閃”的音樂(lè)響起之前，既興奮又緊張，卻還要表現(xiàn)得“好像（asif）”自己很平靜的樣子，要不露聲色，這相當(dāng)難。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在觀(guān)眾面前表現(xiàn)得好像鎮(zhèn)定自若并不容易。A.visitors訪(fǎng)客；B.civilians平民；C.operators操作員；D.audiences受眾。根據(jù)上文“Lastyear,ourdramateacherhadputinlotsofeffortto1ustoperforma‘flashmob(快閃)’onthe2dayofschoolinfrontof400