非謂語動詞-過去分詞.ppt

1、慧眼閃閃,1) He got worried about losing the money. 2) Sally was so excited at the good news. 3)So many thousands of terrified people died.,What do the sentences have in common?,The Past Participle 動詞的過去分詞,一、過去分詞作定語,二、 過去分詞作表語,三、過去分詞做賓語補足語,總結(jié)：單個的過去分詞作定語時一般兼有 被動 和 完成 的意義， 常放在被修飾詞的 前面 。,一、過去分詞作定語 1、單個的過去分詞

2、作定語時一般兼有被動和完成的意義，常作前置定語。 eg：a lost animal 一只迷路的動物 a used stamp 一枚用過的郵票 an injured finger 一根受傷的手指 a broken coin 一枚破損的硬幣 a lighted candle 一支點燃的蠟燭 (1) So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. (2) He immediately told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the

3、 handle from the pump so that it could not be used. (3) The water companies were instructed not to expose people to polluted water any more.,【觀察思考】 (1) He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London. (2) He became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people e

4、xposed to cholera.,總結(jié)：過去分詞短語用作定語時， 一般置于其所修飾的名詞 之后 ，表示 被動 或 完成 意義。 其意義相當(dāng)于一個 定語 從句， 但較從句簡潔，多用于書面語中,總結(jié)：過去分詞作表語主要表示主語的 狀態(tài)或思想感情等。,二、 過去分詞作表語,The cup is broken. 茶杯破了。 He looked worried after reading the letters. 看完信后,他顯得很憂慮.,1.用作表語的過去分詞被動意味很弱，主要表示動作的完成和狀態(tài)，此時相當(dāng)于一個形容詞。,2.被動語態(tài)的過去分詞被動意味很強,句子主語為動作的承受者，后面常跟by短語

5、。, The glass was broken. The glass was broken by Tom., The windows are closed. The windows are closed by Jack.,狀態(tài),動作,動作,狀態(tài),3.表示“感覺流露”的一些過去分詞(如:interested, surprised, excited, frightened, shocked)和一些過去 分詞(如dressed, drunk, devoted, lost, known)常用 作表語,表示狀態(tài).其中有些僅表示狀態(tài),毫無被動 意味。, How did the audience recei

6、ve the new play? They got very excited., She was very disappointed to hear the result., Hes quite experienced in teaching beginners., How did Bob do in the exams this time? Well, his father seems pleased with his results.,be prepared to do be devoted to be determined to do be worried about be concer

7、ned about be absorbed in doing/sth be linked to be faced with be buried in,準(zhǔn)備好做某事 致力于，專心于 決心做 擔(dān)心 關(guān)心/擔(dān)心 專注于 與相聯(lián)系 面對 專心致志于,短語積累,IV過去分詞與現(xiàn)在分詞的區(qū)別 過去分詞具有_和_之意 現(xiàn)在分詞具有_和_之意 作定語的區(qū)別 falling leaves / boilding water /developing country fallen leaves /boilded water/developed country 作表語的區(qū)別 I am interested in the

8、 book. The book is interesting .,被動,完成,主動,進(jìn)行,進(jìn)行,完成,感興趣的,令人感興趣的,總結(jié)：過去分詞與現(xiàn)在分詞作定語的區(qū)別 現(xiàn)在分詞具有主動_和正在進(jìn)行之意；過去分詞具有被動和完成之意； 作表語的區(qū)別 現(xiàn)在分詞具有令人之意；過去分詞具有感覺之意；,歸納總結(jié) 1. 過去分詞作定語時，表示的動作在_之前發(fā)生，已經(jīng)完成并具有_意義。此時，作定語的過去分詞一般是由_動詞變來的，因為只有此類動詞才有被動意義。,謂語動作,被動,及物,Special attention,過去分詞作定語,2. 單個的過去分詞作定語一般放在被修飾的名詞 _。_ 作定語要放在被修飾的名詞后

9、面，作后置定語，表示被動或完成，其作用相當(dāng)于一個_。,之前,過去分詞短語,定語從句,Special attention,歸納總結(jié) 過去分詞作表語時，與謂語動詞構(gòu)成_結(jié)構(gòu)，表示主語的性質(zhì)、特征和_。,過去分詞作表語,系表,狀態(tài),Special attention,Step 1 用以下單詞的正確形式填空： worry, interest, arrive, frighten, continue, concern 1. Ill be_ to hear what he has to say. 2.The mayor said that he was _ about the _ rise of the w

10、ater level in the river bed. 3.Recently _ soldiers are helping to take the victims to safe areas from the flood. 4.Most of the newspaper seems to be _ with pop stars. 5.He was _ of going alone into the empty house.,interested,worried,continued,arrived,concerned,frightened,【挑戰(zhàn)一】,The Past Participle a

11、s the Object Complement 三、過去分詞做賓語補足語,賓語補足語的表現(xiàn)形式：,帶有賓語補足語的一般句型為：,某些及物動詞（如make等）,+,直接賓語（名詞或代詞）,+,賓語補足語,用過去分詞充當(dāng)賓語補足語,能用作賓語補足語的過去分詞一般都是及物動詞，表示被動意義或已完成的意義，有時候兩者兼而有之。,1. After waking up, I found everyone gone. 2. The speaker raised her voice to make herself heard. 3. They found their new bikes stolen.,賓語補

12、足語的表示法,His father named him Doming. They painted their house white. You mustnt force him to go at once. 4. Nobody noticed him enter the room. 5. We saw her entering the room.,(名詞),(形容詞),（不定式）,（不定式短語）,(現(xiàn)在分詞或其短語),6. We must get the work finished by 10 oclock. 7. We take English as a useful tool for re

13、search work. 8. Whenever you may go, you will find him at work. 9. Let the fresh air in. 10. The plant has its own name. You cannot call it what you will.,(過去分詞),（介詞短語）,（介詞短語）,（副 詞）,(從句),分詞作賓補的動詞有以下五類:,在feel, hear, listen to，notice, see, watch，observe, look at,等表示感覺和心理狀態(tài)的動詞之后，表示感受到某人或某事被做。 I heard B

14、eethovens Ninth Symphony _last night. (play) Yesterday I noticed a little girl _stealing in the shop. (catch) He felt his collar_ by someone from behind. (pull),played,caught,pulled,Special attention,Special attention,2過去分詞用在get, have, make，let的后面。 (1) have +賓語+過去分詞表示的兩種情況： 表讓某人做某事/讓某事（被人）做 I have h

15、ad my bike_ (repair) 表“遭遇到某種不幸 The old man had his leg_ in the accident.(break)(2) “make+賓語+過去分詞” They managed to make themselves _(understand) in very simple English. Can you make the students_ (understand) the text .,repaired.,broken,understood,understand,Special attention,3.過去分詞用在動詞leave, keep, f

16、ind 后面作賓語補足語 The guests left most of the dishes _,because they didnt taste delicious. 大部分的飯菜客人都沒有動，因為它們不可口。 You should keep me _his whereabouts. 你應(yīng)該讓我了解他的行蹤。 I found him_ in a novel. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)他在埋頭讀一本小說。,untouched,informed of,buried,4. 表示愛憎意愿的動詞如want， wish， like， hate等后。如： (1) I wanted two tickets reserved

17、. 我要預(yù)定兩張票。 (2) He didnt wish it mentioned. 他不愿這事被提起。,Special attention,5.過去分詞用在“with+賓語賓語補足語” (1) The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back. 兇手被帶進(jìn)來了,他的雙手被綁在背后。(表方式) (2) With water _, we can see the steam. 水一被加熱,我們就會看到水蒸氣。(表條件) (3) With the matter settled, we all went home. 事情得

18、到解決,我們都回家了。(表原因) (4)She stood in front of him, with her eyes _his face. 她站在他面前,眼睛注視著他。 (5) He stood for an instant with his hand still raised. 他仍然舉著手站了一會兒。,Special attention,heated,fixed on,Lets do some exercises!,I had my hair _yesterday. (cut),cut,The house is broken. Please get the house _ (mend)

19、 now.,mended,I saw them _ in the rain. ( catch),caught,unfinished,My mother never allows me to play computer games with my homework _.（finish）,用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。 1. Im afraid I cant make myself _ (understand) clearly without explaining the question. 2. The manager was happy to see all of the problems _ (

20、settle) so quickly.,understood,settled,3. When I entered the office, I found the window _ (break) and the computer _ (steal). 4. James had some flowers _ (send) to Sarah on her birthday.,broken,stolen,sent,Errors:,It was getting dark; I found a car sticking in a pool by the side of the road. Im sorr

21、y to have kept you waited for me. Dont worry. Ill have it to type and get someone to send it to you tomorrow. He had trouble making himself understanding. 5. With the hills covering with fallen leaves, the town looks more beautiful.,stuck,waiting,understood,covered,typed,注意： 動詞 seat, hide, dress 等的過

22、去分詞作賓語補足語一般表示狀語而不表示被動的意義, 因此, 雖然賓語與它們存在邏輯上的主動關(guān)系, 但也只能用它們的過去分詞作賓語補足語。 如: When I came in, I found a strange girl seated in the corner. 我進(jìn)來時, 發(fā)現(xiàn)一個陌生的女孩坐在角落里。,(to) do/ v-ing / pp. 作賓補的區(qū)別： I saw him take away the dictionary just now. (拿走了那本字典) I saw him taking away the dictionary on the desk. . (正在拿那本字典) I saw the dictionary taken away by a child. (字典被拿走了),(to) do 動作全過程已結(jié)束 v.-ing 動作正在進(jìn)行 pp. 表被動完成,I often hear the girl _ this English song in her room. 2. The girl is often heard _ th